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classification andlabelling of petroleumsubstances according tothe EU dangeroussubstances directive(CONCAWErecommendations -August 2001)Prepared by:

E. ErkensD. KingR. PristonA. RileyJ. WenningtonB. Dmytrasz

Reproduction permitted with due acknowledgement

CONCAWEBrusselsOctober 2001

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ABSTRACT

This report updates Report No. 98/54 and offers advice in respect of theclassification and labelling of the petroleum substances entered in EuropeanInventory of Existing Chemical Substances (EINECS), according to the principles ofthe Dangerous Substances Directive (DSD). A grouping system has been followedso that substances having similar properties have been considered together.

The guidance given covers the requirements of the DSD up to and including the 28th

Adaptation to Technical Progress (ATP). Since the Annex I classifications forpetroleum substances only cover certain hazards, the guidelines and criteria givenin the 28th ATP to the DSD have also been closely followed to providecomprehensive classification advice for health, environmental and flammabilityhazards.

The report also includes the additional labelling requirements for carcinogenicsubstances which come within the scope of the 14th and 16th Amendments to theRestrictions on Marketing and Use Directive and for lamp oils under the 4th

Adaptation to Technical Progress of the same Directive.

The aim of the publication is to promote greater harmonisation in the classificationand labelling of petroleum substances throughout Europe by offering a solidfoundation that may be adapted to meet national interpretations of the relevantdirectives.

KEYWORDS

Hazard, health, environment, flammability, petroleum substances, classification,packaging, labelling, dangerous substances directive.

INTERNET

This report is available as an Adobe pdf file on the CONCAWE website(www.concawe.be).

NOTEConsiderable efforts have been made to assure the accuracy and reliability of theinformation contained in this publication. However, neither CONCAWE nor anycompany participating in CONCAWE can accept liability for any loss, damage orinjury whatsoever resulting from the use of this information.

This report does not necessarily represent the views of any company participating inCONCAWE.

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CONTENTS

SUMMARY VI

1. INTRODUCTION 1

2. GROUPING OF PETROLEUM SUBSTANCES 3

3. PRINCIPLES INVOLVED 53.1. CLASSIFICATION OF SUBSTANCES 5

3.2. LABELLING 63.2.1. Purpose of the label 63.2.2. Content of label 63.2.3. Format/size of the label 73.2.4. Presentation of Hazard Labelling information 83.2.5. Particular requirements for labelling petroleum substances 83.2.6. Use of transport labelling 9

3.3. PACKAGING 9

3.4. PREPARATIONS 10

3.5. CONDUCTIVITY AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF STATIC CHARGES 10

4. CLASSIFICATION AND LABELLING GUIDE 114.1. SUBSTANCE IDENTIFICATION 11

4.2. EXPLOSIVITY, CORROSIVITY AND OXIDISING PROPERTIES OFPETROLEUM SUBSTANCES 11

4.3. ASPIRATION HAZARD 11

4.4. CARCINOGENICITY 12

4.5. SKIN DRYNESS OR CRACKING 12

4.6. DROWSINESS AND DIZZINESS 12

4.7. ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION 134.7.1. Fate 134.7.2. Aquatic toxicity 134.7.3. Bioaccumulation 134.7.4. Other environmental hazards 14

4.8. SAFETY PHRASES 144.8.1. Annex I requirements 144.8.2. Advice on fire fighting 144.8.3. Supply to the general public 144.8.4. Self-classification 15

4.9. NUMBER OF PHRASES 15

4.10. NOTES 15

4.11. LANGUAGE 16

4.12. NOMENCLATURE 164.12.1. Substance names 164.12.2. EC Number/EC Label 17

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5. CLASSIFICATION AND LABELLING OF PETROLEUM SUBSTANCES 185.1. BACKGROUND FOR CLASSIFICATION GUIDANCE 185.2. CASE-BY-CASE CLASSIFICATION 19

Group name

Crude oil 20Petroleum gases 24Low boiling point naphthas (gasolines) 28Kerosines 32Straight-run gas oils 36Cracked gas oils (excluding hydrocracked gas oils) 38Hydrocracked gas oils 40Vacuum gas oils 42Other gas oils 44Other gas oils - distillate fuel oils 48Heavy fuel oil components 50Lubricating greases 52Unrefined/acid treated oils 56Highly refined base oils 58Other lubricant base oils 60Residual aromatic extracts 64Untreated distillate aromatic extracts 66Treated distillate aromatic extracts 68Other aromatic extracts 70Paraffin and hydrocarbon waxes 72Foots oils 74Slack waxes 76Petrolatums 78Used and re-refined oils 80Bitumen 82Petroleum coke 84Other petroleum gases 86Reclaim petroleum substances 90Other petroleum substances 92

6. REFERENCES 93

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APPENDIX 1 EXTRACT FROM DIRECTIVE 2001/59/EC (28TH ATP OF THE DANGEROUSSUBSTANCES DIRECTIVE)

APPENDIX 2 RATIONALE FOR ASSIGNMENTS OF R66 AND R67

APPENDIX 3 LISTINGS OF PETROLEUM SUBSTANCES 5A. Groups of petroleum substances (EINECS No. order)

5B. Petroleum substances (EINECS No. order) with short names

APPENDIX 4 COMMON TERMS AND ACRONYMS USED IN CLASSIFICATION ANDLABELLING

APPENDIX 5 NOTES FROM 28TH ATP OF DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES DIRECTIVE

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SUMMARY

This report makes recommendations in respect of the classification and labelling ofthe petroleum substances that are included in EINECS. To facilitate the presentationof the information, the substances have been allocated to a number of genericgroups.

The guidance offered in this report is primarily intended for use by health andenvironmental professionals in oil industry companies, who are responsible for theclassification and labelling of petroleum products.

The guidance given covers the requirements of the Dangerous SubstancesDirective (DSD) up to and including the 28th Adaptation to Technical Progress(ATP). In particular, the report embraces (i) the principles of the labelling guideoriginally given in the 18th ATP of the DSD and (ii) the classification and labelling ofpetroleum substances for carcinogenicity and aspiration hazard as originally definedin the 19th, 21st, 22nd and 25th ATPs. The "self-classification" aspect of the labellingguide is covered, meaning that advice is given on classification for all hazards, i.e.flammability, health and environmental, in the light of current knowledge.

In updating the previous report No. 98/54, particular attention has been paid toclassifying petroleum substances for:

• aspiration hazard according to the revised criteria of the 25th ATP

• irritation hazard for substances causing irritation after repeated contact

• effects related to vapours from volatile substances

• environmental hazard according to the most recent interpretation of the test data.

Supplementary labelling requirements for Categories 1 and 2 carcinogens, asrequired under the 14th and 16th Amendments to the Restrictions on Marketing andUse Directive and for lamp oils under the 4th ATP to the same Directive, are alsoincluded in this report.

The report provides information to support the classification of the various types ofpetroleum substances, offers general information on labelling and gives examples oflabels that meet EU regulatory requirements.

The recommendations given on classification and labelling are of fundamentalimportance in determining the content of safety data sheets and are key elements inthe classification and labelling of preparations containing these components.

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1. INTRODUCTION

In 1985 CONCAWE provided guidance in Report No. 1/85 [1] on the classificationand labelling of petroleum products supplied in the European Community. Theguidance was provided at a time when no formal evaluation of petroleumsubstances had been undertaken by the European Commission (EC). In 1992, aformal working party of the EC Technical Progress Committee (TPC) started toreview the carcinogenicity of petroleum substances in terms of the criteriaestablished under the Dangerous Substances Directive (DSD) [2].

Since 1985 the legislation has continued to evolve and a number of importantchanges and additions have been introduced, including publication of the following:

a) The European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances(EINECS) [3].

b) The Dangerous Preparations Directive (DPD) addressing the classificationand labelling of mixtures of substances [4,5].

c) The 7th Amendment to the DSD [6], introducing the concept of classificationand labelling of substances which are "Dangerous for the Environment"; thereis a CONCAWE report [7] on this Directive.

d) The 18th Adaptation to Technical Progress (ATP) of the DSD [8] whichamends Annex VI and introduced rules for the classification of substanceswhich contain carcinogenic constituents.

e) The 21st ATP of the DSD [9] which addresses the carcinogenicity of many ofthe petroleum substances listed in EINECS. The provisions of this Directivehad to be implemented in Member States not later than 1 September 1996.

f) The 25th ATP of the DSD [10] includes provisions for the introduction of R66(repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking) for moderatelyirritant substances and the introduction of R67 (Vapours may causedrowsiness or dizziness) for volatile substances. Several new safety phrasesS25, S27, S28 and S37 are included. The provisions of this Directive had tobe implemented in Member States not later than 1 July 2000.

g) The 28th ATP of the DSD [11] includes revision of the text for R40 and R68and a consolidated version of Annex VI, commonly known as theclassification and labelling guide.

In 1995, CONCAWE published Report No. 95/59 [12] which provided advice on theclassification and labelling of petroleum substances covering DSD legislation up toand including the 21st ATP. However, since that time, the adoption of the 22nd ATPof the DSD [13] which introduced a new risk phrase for aspiration and the availabilityof new data, particularly relating to the environmental hazard from petroleumsubstances necessitated the update of the 1995 report which was then re-issued asCONCAWE Report No. 98/54 [14].

Subsequent changes to the legislation and in particular the introduction of two newrisk phrases in the 25th ATP of the DSD have triggered the need for revision of theadvice to CONCAWE Member Companies on the classification and labelling ofpetroleum substances. In addition, the opportunity has been taken to include the

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outcome of a review of data which was under way at the time of the 1998CONCAWE Report No 98/54.

The purpose of this report is to provide guidance on the classification and labellingof petroleum substances listed in EINECS which are produced and marketed asfinished products, or are used as components in the formulation of fuels, bitumens,lubricants, wax coatings and many other products. The advice is based on currentlyavailable scientific evidence and takes account of up to and including the 28th

Adaptation to Technical Progress of the DSD [15]. Furthermore, it satisfies therequirement for "self-classification" as outlined in the 18th Adaptation to TechnicalProgress of the Dangerous Substances Directive.

This report also deals with the special labelling requirements for petroleumsubstances under the Restrictions on Marketing and Use Directive. In particular, itdeals with the requirements for Categories 1 and 2 carcinogens, mutagens andreprotoxic agents under the 14th and 16th Amendments of the Marketing and UseDirective [16,17] and with the requirements for lamp oils under the 4th ATP to AnnexI for this Directive [18].

Where hazardous additives or constituents are identified in petroleum substances,their concentrations and their dangerous properties need to be taken into account indetermining the "self-classification" of these materials. For example, the presence ofn-hexane in some low boiling point naphthas may need to be reflected in theclassifications afforded to these substances. Because of the variable composition ofpetroleum substances it has not been possible to provide detailed specific advice onthis topic in this report. However, general advice is provided in Section 5.

The classification and labelling advice given for petroleum substances in this reportis of fundamental importance in determining the classification and labelling ofpreparations containing these substances. It is also of primary importance in thepreparation of EC style safety data sheets [19,20,21], both for the petroleumsubstances themselves and for preparations containing them.

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2. GROUPING OF PETROLEUM SUBSTANCES

For the purposes of their carcinogenicity classification by the TPC working party,petroleum substances were allocated to a number of distinct groups according totheir refinery processing history. The pragmatic stance taken for classification andlabelling is that substances included in each group possess similar properties. Tofacilitate labelling, the European Commission has introduced generic "short names"for each of the groups. These short names are an integral part of the nomenclaturefor each petroleum substance in the Annex I entries of the 21st ATP. Table 1 liststhe groups used in this report and the short names that apply to each group.

In this report, a number of groups of substances have been combined for thepurpose of providing classification and labelling advice.

This report addresses the classification and labelling of groups of substances whichare the primary products of petroleum refining. However, some of these groupscontain entries for petroleum substances which are identified both as hydrocarbonsolvents and refinery streams. Hydrocarbon solvents are derived from refinerystreams by further refining e.g. redistillation, and are characterised as “narrow cut”products meaning that both their boiling range and the carbon number range of theirhydrocarbons are more restricted than for the corresponding refinery streams. As aresult, the compositions of hydrocarbon solvents differ significantly from refinerystreams having the same EINECS numbers and hence, their toxicological andecotoxicological properties may also be different. Some of the differences in respectof environmental hazard are pointed out in Section 5, but the classification andlabelling of hydrocarbon solvents are not considered further in this report.

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Table 1 Generic group names and short names

Group name Short name

Crude oil Crude oilPetroleum gases Petroleum gasLow boiling point naphthas (gasolines) Low boiling point naphtha

Low boiling point modified naphthaLow boiling point cat-cracked naphthaLow boiling point cat-reformed naphthaLow boiling point thermally cracked naphthaLow boiling point hydrogen treated naphthaLow boiling point naphtha – unspecified

Kerosines Straight run kerosineCracked kerosineKerosine – unspecified

Straight run gas oils Straight run gas oilCracked gas oils Cracked gas oilHydrocracked gas oils Cracked gas oilVacuum gas oils Vacuum gas oilOther gas oils Gas oil – unspecifiedOther gas oils - distillate fuel oils Gas oil – unspecifiedHeavy fuel oil components Heavy fuel oilLubricating greases GreaseUnrefined/acid treated oils Unrefined or mildly refined base oilHighly refined base oils Highly refined base oilOther lubricant base oils Base oil – unspecifiedResidual aromatic extracts Residual aromatic extractUntreated distillate aromatic extracts Distillate aromatic extractTreated distillate aromatic extracts Distillate aromatic extract (treated)Other aromatic extracts Aromatic extract – unspecifiedParaffin and hydrocarbon waxes Petroleum waxFoots oils Foots oilSlack waxes Slack waxPetrolatums PetrolatumUsed and re-refined oils Used or re-refined oilBitumen Bitumen or vacuum residuePetroleum coke Petroleum cokeOther petroleum gases Refinery gasReclaim petroleum substances Refinery reclaim substanceOther petroleum substances Petroleum substance – unspecified

The EINECS entries included in each group are given in Appendices 5A and 5B.Appendix 5A details the substances contained in each short name group.Appendix 5B lists the petroleum substances in EINECS number order and givesthe short name for each entry.

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3. PRINCIPLES INVOLVED

The Dangerous Substances Directive (DSD) provides a systematic approach to theclassification of substances based on knowledge of their intrinsic hazardousproperties and in accordance with defined hazard criteria. Brief definitions for someof the common terms used in classification and labelling are given in Appendix 6.

3.1. CLASSIFICATION OF SUBSTANCES

The criteria in use to determine whether a substance is dangerous and needs to beclassified are defined in Annex VI to the DSD, as revised in the 28th ATP. ThisDirective provides the basis for classification according to physico-chemical,toxicological and ecotoxicological properties and effects on human health. It alsoprovides the criteria for selecting the danger symbol(s) to be shown on the labeltogether with the indication(s) of danger and appropriate Risk (R) and Safety (S)phrases. The text of Annex VI to the DSD as included in the 28th ATP is reproducedin Appendix 1. The latter is a guide to the classification and labelling of dangeroussubstances and preparations.

Substances which have been reviewed by the EC’s Technical Progress Committee(TPC) and classified as dangerous, are listed in Annex I to the DSD which isperiodically updated and published in the Official Journal. Annex I represents themandatory classification and labelling requirements for dangerous substances. Insome cases, it also includes the concentration limits that apply for classificationpurposes, when these substances are used in preparations. A consolidated version[22] of Annex I together with a supplement [23] were published in 1993. Substancesmay also be reviewed by the TPC, but are not assigned a classification. Thesesubstances are therefore not recorded in Annex I.

For those substances which have not been reviewed by the TPC, the onus is on thesupplier to "self-classify" these, according to criteria laid down in the 28th ATP of theDSD. Where test data are used as the basis for classification, these should bebased on the methods specified in Annex V to the DSD [11,13,24,25]. Prior to the21st and 22nd ATPs, only six petroleum substances, all untreated distillate aromaticextracts, were included in the Annex I list of dangerous substances. The 21st and22nd ATPs now include many more, but only address the carcinogenic and, in somecases, the aspiration hazards of these substances.

Some groups of petroleum substances, notably kerosines, straight-run gas oils,vacuum gas oils and bitumen have still to be reviewed for carcinogenicity by theTPC working party of the European Commission. Furthermore, other hazardendpoints for the straight-run gas oils and vacuum gas oils have also yet to bereviewed by the TPC working party. Accordingly, there is no entry in Annex I forthese latter two groups.

In this report, recommendations for “self-classification” are included addressingflammability, toxicological or environmental hazards of petroleum substances thatare not included in their respective Annex I entries. Additionally, recommendationsfor the "self-classification" of petroleum substance groups not included in Annex I ofthe DSD are given.

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3.2. LABELLING

3.2.1. Purpose of the label

Annex VI to the DSD identifies a warning label as the primary means by which thegeneral public and industrial users are given essential information about dangeroussubstances (see Appendix 1). The label points out the inherent hazards of thesubstance together with the essential precautions to be taken and may drawattention to information on safety and use that is available in other forms, e.g. safetydata sheets. It is to be noted that petroleum products are often supplied in bulk and,for these, safety data sheets constitute the principal means of communicating thehazards and providing safety advice.

3.2.2. Content of label

Labels will normally include substance names, hazard symbols, indications ofdanger, risk phrases, safety phrases and identification of the supplier (name,address and telephone number).

The categories of danger, the letters representing the hazard symbols and, whereappropriate, the indications of danger are shown in Table 2. This includes the"Dangerous for the Environment" symbol, denoted by the letter N, introduced in the7th Amendment of the DSD [5].

Table 2 EC Categories of Danger, Symbols and Indications of Danger

Classification:Category of Danger

Hazard Symbol(letter notation)

Indication of Danger

Explosive E ExplosiveOxidising O OxidisingExtremely Flammable F+ Extremely FlammableHighly Flammable F Highly FlammableFlammable No symbol -Very Toxic T+ Very ToxicToxic T ToxicHarmful Xn HarmfulCorrosive C CorrosiveIrritant Xi IrritantSensitising (skin) Xi IrritantSensitising (inhalation) Xn HarmfulCarcinogenic, Cat. 1 and 2 T -Carcinogenic, Cat. 3 Xn -Mutagenic, Cat. 1 and 2 T -Mutagenic, Cat. 3 Xn -Toxic to Reproduction, Cat. 1 and 2 T -Toxic to Reproduction, Cat. 3 Xn -Dangerous for the Environment N Dangerous for the

Environment

Dangerous for the Environment No symbol -

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• The hazard symbols must be in black on an orange/yellow background.

• Labels do not normally bear more than three symbols, one each forflammability, health hazard and environmental hazard. For health hazard,there is an order of precedence for symbols and for petroleum substances therelevant order is T > Xn > Xi.

• Indications of danger are required, in addition to hazard symbols, except forthose substances classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic toreproduction. Where a substance exhibits a mixed hazard e.g. Carcinogeniccategory 3 and Harmful with R65, no indication of danger appears below thesymbol, since the carcinogenic hazard is regarded as having precedence.Substances classified as Flammable do not carry a hazard symbol, nor anindication of danger. Substances classified as dangerous for the environmentbut not carrying an N symbol, do not require an indication of danger.

• Risk and safety phrases which identify the hazards and precautions to betaken are to be assigned according to Annex VI to the DSD [11].

• For a dangerous substance there are no restrictions on the number of riskphrases that may appear on a label.

• The risk phrases "Extremely Flammable" and "Highly Flammable" need notbe used on the label if this duplicates the warning given by the "indication ofdanger" used with the symbol.

• Dangerous products sold to the general public must include the safety phrase"Keep out of the reach of children" (S2) and may need to include “Keeplocked up” (S1). Where the only classification of a product sold to the generalpublic is Dangerous for the Environment, the use of S2 is unnecessary.

• Labels should be firmly attached to one or more surfaces of the packaging, sothat they can be read horizontally when the package is set down normally.Alternatively, labels may be printed directly on to packaging.

3.2.3. Format/size of the label

The minimum dimensions of the label relate to the size of the package and are asfollows:

Capacity of the packageDimensions(in millimetres)

• not exceeding 3 litres at least 52 x 74

• greater than 3 litres butnot exceeding 50 litres at least 74 x 105

• greater than 50 litres butnot exceeding 500 litres at least 105 x 148

• greater than 500 litres at least 148 x 210

NOTE The 7th amendment of the DSD permits Member States to make derogationsfrom this label size provision, where it is impracticable to meet the requirements

• Each symbol should cover at least 10% of the surface area of the label andbe at least 1 cm2.

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3.2.4. Presentation of Hazard Labelling information

A study on the comprehensibility of labels of dangerous preparations wasundertaken at the request of the European Commission by Directorate General(DG) III (now known as DG ENTR) [26]. Key findings and recommendations,supported in principle by CONCAWE, are summarised below:

Findings

• Hazard information not clearly separated from other types of information.

• Print is too small.

• Colour contrast is not sufficiently strong.

Recommendations

• Separation of hazard information from other information e.g. commercialmessages, on labels. This would increase the attention given to hazardinformation and reduce the problems of information overload.

• R and S- phrases should be listed or itemised. This would increase the attentionpaid to each sentence and the ease with which they can be remembered.

• Font size should be at least 10 points, although exceptions must be accepted forpackaging of very small products.

• Requirements for text that enhances readability, namely adequate colourcontrast and avoidance of negative text (e.g. white text on black background).

Although this DG ENTR report focuses on preparations, the recommendationsabove would also apply to substances.

3.2.5. Particular requirements for labelling petroleum substances

• Butane, propane and liquefied petroleum gas were exempt from thepackaging and labelling provisions of the DSD until 31 October 1997 underthe 22nd ATP of the DSD. Now under this Directive, these substances haveonly to be labelled for flammability. However, where applicable they arerequired to be classified for carcinogenicity as well as flammability and theirhazard status must be indicated in their safety data sheets.

• All low viscosity petroleum substances have to be labelled because theypresent an aspiration hazard (see Section 4.3). In particular, lamp oils whichare based on kerosines must be labelled to indicate this hazard.

• A "short name" nomenclature can be used on labels for containers ofpetroleum substances (see Section 4.12.1).

• This report gives guidance on the labelling of substances for both industrialand consumer use, but the supplier needs to take account of instances wheremodifications may be necessary. An example is where a particular substanceis used in a spray application involving the generation of high concentrations

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of vapour or aerosol. In this case the use of safety phrase S23 (Do notbreathe vapour/spray) and either S38 (In case of insufficient ventilation wearsuitable respiratory equipment), or S51 (Use only in well-ventilated areas) arenecessary, depending on the circumstances of use. CONCAWE alsorecommends that more detailed precautionary advice covering such specificapplications should be given in the relevant substance safety data sheet.

3.2.6. Use of transport labelling

Article 24 of the 7th Amendment of the DSD permits the use of an internationaltransport label for a dangerous substance providing that it also incorporates most ofthe label required under the DSD. The derogation states that a package meetslegal requirements if it bears the transport label together with all the elements of theDSD label excluding the hazard symbol and the indication of danger.

Also, where a dangerous substance is consigned in a package containing one ormore inner containers, the inner containers must bear the DSD label and the outercontainer must carry the international transport label.

3.3. PACKAGING

If a substance is classified as dangerous, its packaging must comply with theprovisions of the DSD which identifies general packaging requirements; specificdetails apply to packages sold to the general public.

In essence, packages containing dangerous substances need to be constructed sothat they are strong, not susceptible to degradation by their contents or theenvironment and are able to prevent leakage under conditions of normal handlingand use.

For supply to the general public, the following requirements also apply:

• Containers of substances and preparations labelled as Very Toxic, Toxic orCorrosive must have child-resistant fastenings and tactile warnings of danger.Substances labelled as Harmful because of their aspiration hazard shouldonly be supplied to the general public in containers having child-resistantfastenings.

• Containers of substances and preparations labelled as Harmful, ExtremelyFlammable or Highly Flammable must bear tactile warnings of danger.

• The technical specifications relating to child-resistant fastenings and tactilewarnings of danger are given in Annex IX of the DSD as adapted by the 26th

ATP [27]. The EN Standard 11063 [28] provides the technical specificationsfor tactile warning devices and considers the connections or fittings of gascontainers to be a tactile warning of danger.

• It may also be appropriate to adopt the above requirements for containers ofsubstances in these categories which, although not supplied directly, mayreach the general public.

• For restrictions on supply to the general public, please refer to section 4.8.3.

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Note that packages containing dangerous substances may also need to meet therequirements of the relevant national or international regulations according to themode of transport being used.

3.4. PREPARATIONS

Classification in respect of physico-chemical properties shall be on the basis of testdata, unless none of the components are hazardous in this respect.

Classification for health effects is normally based on the "conventional" methodapplying concentration limits for each hazardous constituent. Alternatively, theresults of toxicological testing may be used to classify for hazards other thancarcinogenicity, mutagenicity and toxicity to reproduction. For these specific effects,administrative concentration limits apply e.g. if a preparation contains more than0.1% w/w of a Category 1 or 2 carcinogen, it is itself classified as a Category 2carcinogen. Where there is adequate scientific evidence, the TPC has the ability tovary the administrative limit of 0.1% w/w. If there is adequate evidence from humanexperience that the health effects on man are different from those predicted by theconventional method or animal studies, the classification must be based on toxicityto man. CONCAWE has previously provided guidance on the classification ofpreparations [29]. The basic principles are the same as those discussed above forsubstances i.e. using hazard criteria specified in Annex VI of the DSD.

The latest publication of the DPD [5], which is to be implemented by July 2002, nowincludes a requirement to classify preparations for environmental hazard. ACONCAWE report of the implications of the new DPD for petroleum products hasbeen recently published [30].

3.5. CONDUCTIVITY AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF STATIC CHARGES

Although not dealt with in the DSD, the possibility of the build-up of static electriccharges during the bulk handling of lighter petroleum streams, with the resultingpotential for flash fires, has long been recognised. Procedures for the dissipation ofelectrostatic charges are accordingly well established. Changes to the specificationsof certain middle distillate fuel products, especially automotive diesel fuels, have hadthe effect of reducing their electrical conductivity. As a consequence, the potentialfor the development of electrostatic charges is now associated with a wider range offuel streams than had been previously recognised.

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4. CLASSIFICATION AND LABELLING GUIDE

4.1. SUBSTANCE IDENTIFICATION

The compilation of entries for EINECS and the subsequent publication of theExisting Substances Regulation [31] has meant that producers have been requiredto assign EINECS numbers to their petroleum substances. The appropriate numbershould appear on the label of a dangerous substance. It is particularly important thatsuch assignments for dangerous petroleum substances are correct, otherwiseincorrect classifications may result. However, it should also be noted that where arefinery stream and a hydrocarbon solvent share the same EINECS number, theircompositions and hence their classifications may differ.

4.2. EXPLOSIVITY, CORROSIVITY AND OXIDISING PROPERTIES OFPETROLEUM SUBSTANCES

The full list of categories of danger required to be considered in self-classification isdetailed in Table 2 (Section 3.2.2). Within Section 5 of this report, classificationrecommendations for all of the relevant categories are detailed. No petroleumsubstances meet the criteria for classification for their explosive, corrosive, oroxidising hazards.

4.3. ASPIRATION HAZARD

Low viscosity petroleum substances present an aspiration hazard due to theirpotential to cause chemical pneumonitis if they enter the lungs in liquid form.Hydrocarbons having a kinematic viscosity of less than 7 mm2/s at 40°C have beenidentified as posing a significant aspiration hazard based on the work of Gerarde[32].

In the 21st ATP of the DSD, all gasoline naphtha and kerosine streams wereclassified as Harmful, with the Xn symbol and risk phrase R22 (Harmful ifswallowed) because of this hazard.

Subsequently, the 22nd ATP of the DSD introduced an additional risk phrase foraspiration hazard together with criteria, which has been modified in the 25th ATP, todetermine whether substances and preparations should be so classified. Theessential criteria for both petroleum substances and preparations are as follows:

• they must contain more than 10% hydrocarbons, and

• the viscosity must be below 7 mm2/s (i.e. 7 centistokes) at 40°C;

• optionally, the surface tension must not be greater than 33 mN/m at 25°C.

This report includes recommendations for classification as an aspiration hazardbased solely on the measurement of viscosity.

Where human experience shows that a substance or preparation presents anaspiration hazard, it must be classified and labelled accordingly, regardless ofwhether the criteria are met. Furthermore, where companies are aware that anaspiration hazard is posed by a petroleum substance that has physical propertieswhich do not meet the aspiration hazard criteria they are advised on the product

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label for product liability reasons, to identify the hazard in the relevant safety datasheet and to use safety phrase S62 ('If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seekmedical advice immediately and show this container or label').

4.4. CARCINOGENICITY

In this report, recommendations concerning carcinogenicity classification are basedon the current scientific evidence, using the criteria of the 28th ATP of the DSD aswell as the definitive classifications reached in the 21st ATP.

4.5. SKIN DRYNESS OR CRACKING

The 25th ATP of the DSD introduced the risk phrase R66 (Repeated exposure maycause skin dryness or cracking) for substances and preparations that do not meetthe criteria for R38 (see Appendix 2) but which may cause concern as a result ofskin dryness, flaking or cracking. Decisions for applying this phrase are derivedeither from practical observation after normal handling and use or from otherrelevant information used to predict effects on the skin.

Note that assignment of the risk phrase R66 does not, in itself, have any impact onthe formal classification of the substance.

4.6. DROWSINESS AND DIZZINESS

The 25th ATP of the DSD also introduced the risk phrase R67 (Vapours may causedrowsiness and dizziness). This applies to volatile substances and preparationscontaining substances that cause clear symptoms of central nervous systemdepression by inhalation and which are not already classified with respect to acuteinhalation toxicity (R20, R23, R26, R68/20, R39/23 or R39/26).

The following evidence should be considered:

(a) data from animal studies showing clear signs of CNS depression such asnarcotic effects, lethargy, lack of co-ordination (including loss of righting reflex) andataxia either:

• at concentration/exposure times not exceeding 20 mg/l/4 h or,

• for which the ratio of the effect concentration at ≤ 4 h to the saturated vapourconcentration at 20°C is ≤1/10.

(b) Practical experience in humans (e.g. narcosis, drowsiness, reducedalertness, loss of reflexes, lack of co-ordination, vertigo) from well documentedreports under comparable exposure conditions to the effects specified above foranimals.

Note that assignment of the risk phrase R67 does not, in itself, have any impact onthe formal classification of the substance.

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4.7. ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

The 28th ATP of the DSD includes criteria for the classification and labelling ofsubstances for the aquatic compartment of the environment; these requireconsideration of three basic properties - fate, ecotoxicity and bioaccumulation.

During 1995/1996, the environmental classification of petroleum substance groupswas discussed in detail at the European Commission Working Group onClassification for Environmental Effects. This group gave detailed consideration tothe available data for petroleum substances, but could not reach consensus on theenvironmental classification [33]. Nevertheless, the group requested CONCAWE topublish updated recommendations for petroleum substance groups to facilitate self-classification of these substances in a formal and coherent way. Both test data andtoxicity estimates based on composition-toxicity relationships were to be considered.All of these data have been summarised in a report [34], which provides the detailedbackground to the environmental classification recommendations included herein.

General principles underlying the self-classification recommendations forenvironmental hazards are included in the following subsections.

4.7.1. Fate

Petroleum substances may not meet the criteria as provided in the 28th ATP of theDSD for ready degradability in the aquatic environment, even though many areinherently degradable. For some petroleum substances, their rapid evaporationprecludes them from persisting in water.

4.7.2. Aquatic toxicity

Modification to the basic methods described in Annex V to the DSD are required toevaluate effectively, the aquatic toxicity of poorly water-soluble complex mixturessuch as petroleum substances. This topic has been reviewed [34,35] and resultsfrom testing of water-accommodated fractions (WAFs) have been givenprecedence, in accordance with the recommendation of the European CommissionWorking Group on Classification for Environmental Effects. Data on three types ofaquatic organisms (fish, Daphnia and algae) have been considered andclassification based on the lowest measured value of the toxicity parameters forthese species.

4.7.3. Bioaccumulation

Ranges of octanol/water partition coefficient (log Kow) values have been assigned toeach group of petroleum substances, since they are all complex mixtures ofhydrocarbons (each component of the substance will have its own log Kow value).Values for log Kow have been measured or calculated for most individualhydrocarbons, but few measured bioconcentration factor (BCF) data are available.Since most constituent hydrocarbons have log Kow values above 3, they should beregarded as potentially bioaccumulative, according to the criteria of the 28th ATP.However, some higher molecular weight hydrocarbons have values of log Kow inexcess of 6; the water solubility of such components is so low that the likelihood oftheir bioaccumulation is considered to be remote. For other hydrocarbons,bioaccumulation will also be limited by metabolism.

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4.7.4. Other environmental hazards

Petroleum substances are not ozone depleting. At the present time, there are noagreed criteria for the classification of hazards to other environmentalcompartments.

4.8. SAFETY PHRASES

4.8.1. Annex I requirements

For those petroleum substances included in Annex I to the DSD, safety phrases aredefined in as far as they relate to carcinogenicity and aspiration hazard. In the caseof carcinogenic substances of Categories 1 and 2, mandatory safety phrases arelimited to S53 and S45. The key safety phrase is S53 which in practice, refers theuser to the relevant safety data sheet for further information. For these substances,the safety data sheets must clearly state the precautions to be taken in normalhandling and use. The use of S53 and S45 on the labels of Categories 1 and 2carcinogens represents a minimum standard, and other appropriate safety phrasesmay be included on such labels to cover other hazards.

4.8.2. Advice on fire fighting

The 28th ATP of the DSD provides for the inclusion of advice on fire fighting on thelabel. The safety phrase S43 (In case of fire use ..... completed by inclusion of theappropriate type of fire-fighting equipment) is generally recommended for ExtremelyFlammable, Highly Flammable and Flammable substances. Where appropriate,requirement for the S43 phrase has been included in the section on Labellinginformation in this report, but no advice on specific fire-fighting equipment isincluded. It is expected that individual Member Companies will insert this informationas appropriate. (Recommendations on fire-fighting advice are included in theCONCAWE product dossiers.)

4.8.3. Supply to the general public

Under the 14th and 16th Amendments to the Restrictions on Marketing and UseDirective, the supply of carcinogenic, mutagenic and reprotoxic substances ofCategories 1 and 2 to the general public is currently prohibited, either alone, or asconstituents of preparations. However, there are derogations for petroleum fuelsunder the 14th Amendment to the Marketing and Use Directive and even if classifiedin these categories, they may be supplied to the general public. In particular, underthis Directive, containers of dangerous substances which are classified asCategories 1 or 2 carcinogens, mutagens or agents toxic to reproduction must belabelled with the phrase "Restricted to professional users. Attention - Avoidexposure - obtain special instructions before use". In practice, since the phrase"Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use" must appear as safetyphrase S53 on the labels of Categories 1 and 2 carcinogens, mutagens andreprotoxic agents, its repetition to meet the 14th Amendment to the Marketing andUse Directive is needless. Accordingly, CONCAWE advises that only the phrase"Restricted to professional users" should appear on the labels of relevant Categories1 and 2 carcinogenic petroleum substances where marketed for use other than asfuels, since S53 will automatically apply due to the carcinogenicity of thesesubstances.

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Under the 4th ATP to the Restrictions on Marketing and Use Directive, there arelabelling requirements for products sold as lamp oils i.e. as fuels for decorativelamps. The products concerned are kerosines and they are sold to the generalpublic either as substances or preparations. The phrase that must be used oncontainers holding 15 litres or less of these products is “Keep lamps filled with thisliquid out of the reach of children”. The main objective of such labelling is to reducethe incidence of children swallowing lamp oils, since the available data shows thatthis occurs to a significant extent in the EU.

Where dangerous substances are supplied to the general public, additional safetyphrases are likely to be needed compared with supply to industrial users. Somesuppliers may decide that different labels are appropriate, depending on whether asubstance is intended for domestic or industrial use, but a composite label thatmeets both situations is likely to be the preferred option.

4.8.4. Self-classification

For those substances not in Annex I, but which suppliers "self-classify" asdangerous, the choice of safety phrases is determined by (i) the labelling guide inthe 28th ATP (see Appendix 1 to the DSD and (ii) where applicable, the criteriagiven in Note P of the 28th ATP (see Section 4.10).

4.9. NUMBER OF PHRASES

• The 28th ATP advises that for substances appearing in Annex I, the R-phrasesshall be those shown in the Annex. Furthermore, for substances not appearingin Annex I, R-phrases should be selected to cover the dangers arising from thehealth effects,

• the physico-chemical properties (except for flammable/highly flammable, whenthere is already an indication of danger associated with the symbol) and,

• environmental hazards leading to a classification as “dangerous for theenvironment”.

There is no limit on the number of R-phrases which may appear on the label for adangerous substance. CONCAWE’s recommendation is that all applicable riskphrases should appear on a label for a dangerous petroleum substance.

The 28th ATP of the DSD also advises that the number of safety phrases should, asfar as possible, be limited to four. The CONCAWE recommendation is that sufficientsafety advice should be given as to cover the envisaged uses for any substance;this may involve more than four safety phrases.

4.10. NOTES

Until the 21st ATP of the DSD, the Foreword to Annex I included a series of Notaswhich provided additional information relating to the identification/labelling ofsubstances (Notas A to G) or the labelling of preparations (Notas 1-3). The 21st ATPintroduced a further series of Notas (H to P and 4), which largely deal withclassification/labelling issues specific to complex petroleum substances andpreparations containing them. Subsequently, Nota 4 was modified by the 22nd ATPof the DSD and Nota 5 was introduced by this same Directive. Appendix 7 details

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all the current Notas applicable to petroleum substances. The Notas are self-explanatory but the following important points should be noted in relation to theclassification of petroleum substances.

• Nota H applies to the majority of the petroleum substances which appear inAnnex I. The harmonised classifications given, only relate to carcinogenicityand in some cases aspiration hazard. Thus, all other hazardous propertiesare subject to the principles of "self-classification", based on available data.

• Notas J, K, L and P deal with the use of "markers" for carcinogenicityclassification, whilst Nota N refers to a need for information on the refininghistory of specific petroleum substances. It is important to note that, in theabsence of information on refining history or levels of a marker, thesubstances to which these Notas apply are classified as carcinogenic (R45)by default.

A further point of particular interest to the petroleum industry is that the Notas K, L,N and P are not applicable to preparations containing petroleum substances toestablish their carcinogenicity classification. It follows that only the conventionalmethod may be used to classify preparations containing petroleum substances forcarcinogenicity.

4.11. LANGUAGE

The 28th ATP of the DSD does not specify the language to be used on containerlabels, but Member States have the right to enact the Directive prescribing thelanguage to be used. Many oil companies produce multi-language labels to enableproducts to be marketed in a number of EU countries without the need to relabel. Indeveloping multi-language labels, the aim should be to obtain a layout such that thelabel is legible (see Section 3.2.4).

4.12. NOMENCLATURE

4.12.1. Substance names

The DSD requires that for substances listed in Annex I, the name of the substanceused on the label shall be one of the designations used in Annex I. For petroleumsubstances, two naming options are given:

(i) the name as stated in EINECS, or

(ii) the short name for the petroleum substance group (see Section 2, Table 1).

For example, either of the two following designations may be used for a substanceconforming to EINECS No. 265-060-4:

(i) distillates (petroleum), light catalytic cracked, or

(ii) cracked gas oil.

Note that the definitions associated with the EINECS entries of petroleumsubstances are not required on the label.

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4.12.2. EC Number/EC Label

The 18th ATP of the DSD specified that the label for a dangerous substance mustbear the "EEC number" of the substance together with the term "EEC label" if thesubstance appeared in the Annex I list of dangerous substances under the DSD.For existing substances, the EEC number is the EINECS number. This requirementwas changed by Directive 95/56/EC, an amendment to the DSD [36] which specifiedthat the relevant terms should be "EC number" and "EC label".

The 23rd ATP of the DSD [37] reiterates the need for these changes, but states thatthe terms “EEC number” and “EEC label” were permitted on labels until 31December 2000.

These requirements are reflected in the example labels which appear in this report,but two particular points should be noted as follows:

• Each example includes the abbreviation EC No. followed by the appropriateEINECS Number, whereas strictly, only the latter is necessary; however, it is feltthat better clarity is achieved by the use of the abbreviation.

• The term EC Label is used on a label whenever a petroleum substance appearsin Annex I to the DSD. However, the Annex I petroleum substance entriesaddress only two hazards i.e., carcinogenicity and aspiration. Hence, wheneverthese classifications do not apply, the logic of using the term is lost and therequirement to use the EC label is not applicable.

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5. CLASSIFICATION AND LABELLING OF PETROLEUM SUBSTANCES

5.1. BACKGROUND FOR CLASSIFICATION GUIDANCE

Specific information relating to the classification and labelling of petroleumsubstances covered by the generic groups listed in Table 1 follows. The informationused to arrive at these classifications is derived from published information aspresented in the following documents:

(a) the 28th ATP of the DSD (b) the appropriate CONCAWE product dossier, and (c) the appropriate generic group HEDSET data set as compiled by CONCAWE

in response to the Existing Substances Regulation.

For each generic group of petroleum substances, the following information is given:

- definition describing the substances embraced by the group, - summary data supporting the classification and the basis for the classification

for all hazardous properties (the basis is either by inclusion in Annex I or byself-classification),

- summary of classification and labelling recommendations, and - example(s) of typical label(s).

The examples of typical labels conforming to the requirements of the 28th ATP,contain all obligatory and certain recommended safety phrases. However, additionalsafety phrases that may be used, are included in the summary of classification andlabelling recommendations sections. In particular, [S2] (Keep out of the reach ofchildren) and [S62] (If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical adviceimmediately and show this container or label) are always presented surrounded bybrackets to indicate that their use is only obligatory where the substance is suppliedto the general public.

It is particularly noted that in the summary of classification and labellingrequirements for the petroleum substance groups, reference is made to all thehealth hazard symbols that are applicable. However, in the example labels, only onehealth hazard symbol has been used and the order of precedence established in the7th Amendment of the DSD has been followed (T>Xn>Xi). However, it is to be notedthat the 7th Amendment does not preclude the use of more than one health hazardsymbol; it states that the one having precedence must appear on a substance labeland the others are optional.

For all groups except the petroleum gases, environmental classification andlabelling is based on the lowest measured value of aquatic toxicity. Thus, if theaquatic toxicity for a group is in the range 1 to 100 mg/l, this means that themeasured 50% effect levels for fish, Daphnia and algae cover this range. Moreimportantly, it also means that some aquatic toxicity parameters are in the range 1to 10 mg/l and hence, that the applicable classification for this group is Dangerousfor the Environment with symbol N and risk phrase R51/53.

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In considering each of the petroleum substance groups, the classification andlabelling advice that is offered is mainly based on the known physical, toxicologicaland environmental properties of the substances concerned. Composition onlyaffects these classifications in respect of carcinogenicity where the levels ofbutadiene and benzene determine the classifications of petroleum gases and lowboiling point naphthas, respectively. However, under Section 1.7.2.1 of Annex VI tothe DSD, substances also have to be classified according to the levels of “individualconstituents” that they contain, if these constituents are dangerous substances. Themost important application of this principle is for low boiling point naphthas, sincethese substances contain a number of single hydrocarbons which are classified asdangerous in Annex I to the DSD. Such hydrocarbons include n-hexane, benzene,toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes and isopropylbenzene. Examples of additionalclassifications that follow from the presence of these hydrocarbons are as follows:

• if the benzene concentration is ≥1% but less than 10% m/m, classification asHarmful with R48/20/21/22 applies

• if the toluene concentration is ≥12.5% m/m, classification as Harmful with R20applies.

The relevant concentration limits are either those found in the Annex I entries, or thegeneral limits that apply under the Dangerous Preparations Directive (DPD). For lowboiling point naphthas, a great number of hydrocarbon combinations are possibleand where the composition is known, the concentration limit rules should befollowed to determine the additional health hazard classifications.

In this report, CONCAWE provides recommended guidance on the classificationand labelling of the generic groups of petroleum substances, according to theavailable scientific information. Each supplier must follow the legal requirements forclassifying and labelling petroleum substances as imposed by the Annex I entriesgiven in the 19th, 21st and 22nd ATPs of the DSD. For some petroleum substancegroups, no general recommendations can be made and for these, the classificationand labelling of individual petroleum substances can only be done on a "case-by-case" basis.

5.2. CASE-BY-CASE CLASSIFICATION

Where possible, advice to member companies has been made on a group-widebasis. Such recommendations are based on knowledge of the variation incomposition within the group (and likely influence on toxicity) and the available testdata for the substances. For several petroleum substance groups however, therecommendation to member companies is for case-by-case classification. Theprinciple reasons for such a recommendation are:

• variability in composition, known or considered likely to influence toxicity,

• paucity of available data for substances within the group, precluding confidentprediction,

• inability to read across to all substances within a group due to diverse feedstocksand production processes.

Where case-by-case classification is recommended for a group, it is theresponsibility of the manufacturer or importer of a substance to assess the availabledata and classify accordingly.

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CRUDE OILDefinition:

Crude oilRaw petroleum extracted in its natural state from the ground (excluding hydrocarbons fromshale) and containing predominantly aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons. It mayalso contain small amounts of nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur compounds.

Flammability:Crude oils span the range of flammability classification. Some light crudes are ExtremelyFlammable on the basis of flash point and initial boiling point. Others are either HighlyFlammable, Flammable or unclassified dependent on their flash points.Classification: Case-by-case basis; CONCAWE recommendation based on 18th ATP.

Acute Toxicity:Dermal and oral LD50 values >2000 mg/kg. Inhalation toxicity expected to be low. Lightcrude oils may pose an aspiration hazard and may also cause symptoms of central nervoussystem depression.Classification: Classify for aspiration hazard (Harmful, symbol Xn and R65) on a case-by-case basis; CONCAWE recommendation based on 18th 22nd, and 25th ATPs.(Additional risk phrase that may apply: R67.)

Irritation:Data do not indicate the need for classification. However, upon repeated exposure, somelight crude oils may cause skin dryness or cracking (in this case R66 applies).No classification recommended.(Additional risk phrase that may apply: R66.)

Sensitisation:Available data indicate that crude oil is not a sensitiser.No classification recommended.

Sub-Acute/Chronic Toxicity:Limited data available do not indicate the need for classification.No classification recommended.

Mutagenicity:Data do not indicate the need for classification.No classification recommended.

Carcinogenicity:Data available indicate that crude oils are carcinogenic.Classification: Carcinogenic, Category 2, symbol T and R45 mandatory; Annex I entryin 21st ATP.

Toxicity for Reproduction:Data available do not indicate the need for classification.No classification recommended.

Environmental Effects:Aquatic toxicity for fish, Daphnia and algae are in the range 10-100 mg/l. Crude oil may notmeet criteria for ready degradability; components have log Kow values ranging from less than3 to greater than 6.Classification: Dangerous for the Environment, no symbol, R52/53; CONCAWErecommendation based on 18th ATP.

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Summary of classification and labelling recommendations

CLASSIFICATION

Extremely Flammable orHighly Flammable orFlammable orunclassified for flammability*Carcinogenic Category 2Harmful **Dangerous for the Environment

LABELLING

Symbols: F+, F or no flammability symbol*, TIndications of Danger:EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE, or HIGHLY FLAMMABLE, or no indication of danger for flammability*HARMFUL**

R Phrases:R12*: Extremely Flammable, or

R11: Highly Flammable, orR10: Flammable, orno risk phrase for flammability

R45: May cause cancer.R65**: Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed, or no risk phrase for aspiration hazard.$R66***: Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.R67****: Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness.R52/53: Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic

environment.

S Phrases:S53(obligatory): Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.S45(obligatory): In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately

(show the label where possible).S62(obligatory)**: If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and

show this container or label.S43: In case of fire, use . . . (indicate in the space the precise type of fire-fighting

equipment. If water increases risk, add - 'Never use water').S61: Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety data

sheets.

Other phrases:Restricted to professional users.†

* Assignments are made according to flash point and, where applicable, initial boiling point.** Assignments are made according to whether aspiration hazard criteria are met.*** Assignments are made according to whether criteria for skin dryness or cracking are

met.**** Assignments are made according to whether criteria for symptoms of central nervous

system depression by inhalation are met.† Applies to R45 substances not marketed as fuels.$ Nota E applies.

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Example label for petroleum i.e. crude oil having a flash point below 0°C, an initial boilingpoint below 35°C and not meeting aspiration hazard criteria nor the criteria for R66 andR67

Crude Oil: EC No. 232-298-5

EXTREMELYFLAMMABLE

May cause cancer.Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-termadverse effects in the aquatic environment.

Avoid exposure – obtain special instructions before use.In case of fire, use . . . (indicate in the space the precisetype of fire-fighting equipment. If water increases risk,add - 'Never use water').In case of accident, or if you feel unwell, seek medicaladvice immediately (show the label where possible).Avoid release to the environment. Refer to specialinstructions/Safety data sheets.

Restricted to professional users.

EC Label COMPANY NAME , ADDRESS and TELEPHONE No.

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PETROLEUM GASESDefinition:

Petroleum gasStreams obtained from crude oil distillation, cracking processes and other tail gases,containing saturated and/or olefinic hydrocarbons mainly in the range C2 to C5 includingliquefied gases, predominantly propane and butane.

Flammability:On basis of flash point and initial boiling point:Classification: Extremely Flammable, symbol F+ and R12; CONCAWErecommendation based on 18th ATP.

Acute Toxicity:Toxicity information available on major components. Toxicity due to dermal and oralexposure is considered unlikely due to physical properties of product. Inhalation toxicity low.No classification recommended.

Irritation:Toxicity information available on major components does not indicate the need forclassification. Major potential hazard is frostbite/cold burns from LPG. On the basis ofexperience, irritation is not expected.No classification recommended.

Sensitisation:No data available for classification. Product experience does not indicate that substances aresensitisers.No classification recommended.

Sub-Acute/Chronic Toxicity:No data available for classification.No classification recommended.

Mutagenicity:Limited data available do not indicate the need to classify.No classification recommended.

Carcinogenicity:Classified as carcinogenic, unless there is evidence that the 1,3-butadiene content is lessthan 0.1% m/m.Classification: Carcinogenic Category 2, symbol T and R45 unless 1,3-butadiene isless than 0.1% m/m; Annex I entry in 21st ATP.

Toxicity for Reproduction:No data available.No classification recommended.

Environmental Effects:Environmental classification is based on data for major components. Physical propertiesindicate that petroleum gases will rapidly volatilise from the aquatic environment and thatacute and chronic toxic effects would not be observed in practice.No classification recommended; CONCAWE recommendation based on 18th ATP.

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CLASSIFICATION

Extremely FlammableCarcinogenic Category 2*

LABELLING

Symbols: F+ , T*Indications of Danger:EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE

R Phrases:R12: Extremely FlammableR45*: May cause cancer

S Phrases (R45 applicable)S53 (obligatory): Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.S45 (obligatory): In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice

immediately (show the label where possible).[S2] (obligatory)+: Keep out of the reach of children.S9: Keep container in a well-ventilated place.S16: Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking.

S Phrases (R45 not applicable)

[S2] (obligatory): Keep out of the reach of children.S9: Keep container in a well-ventilated place.S16: Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking.

Other phrases:Restricted to professional users.**

* Nota K applies, i.e. classify as a Category 2 carcinogen unless it can be shown thatthe 1,3-butadiene concentration is <0.1% m/m.

** Applies to R45 petroleum gases for industrial uses, other than as a fuel.+ Only applicable when sold to the general public for use as a fuel.

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Example label for either LPG containing ≥≥≥≥ 0.1% m/m 1,3-butadiene, orLPG of unknown 1,3-butadiene content, not for use as a fuel

Petroleum gas, EC No. 270-704-2

EXTREMELYFLAMMABLE

May cause cancer.

Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.In case of accident, or if you feel unwell, seek medicaladvice immediately (show the label where possible).

Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking.



Example label for LPG containing >0.1% m/m 1,3-butadiene, for use as a fuel


EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE

[Keep out of the reach of children]Keep container in a well-ventilated place.Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking.


Example label for LPG containing <0.1% m/m 1,3-butadiene


EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE

[Keep out of the reach of children]Keep container in a well-ventilated place.Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking.


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LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHAS (GASOLINES)The information given in this section is applicable to those groups of substances bearing thefollowing short names and definitions.

DefinitionsLow boiling point naphthaStreams obtained from the atmospheric distillation of crude oil and containing saturated andaromatic hydrocarbons, mainly in the range C4 to C12 and boiling in the range ca. -20 to230°C.

Low boiling point modified naphthaStreams obtained by alkylation, isomerisation and solvent extraction and containingsaturated hydrocarbons, mainly in the range C5 to C12 and boiling in the range ca. 35 to230°C.

Low boiling point cat-cracked naphthaStreams obtained from the catalytic cracking of heavy distillates into lighter fractions, andcontaining saturated, olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons, mainly in the range C4 to C12 andboiling in the range ca. -20 to 210°C.

Low boiling point cat-reformed naphthaStreams obtained from the catalytic reforming of mainly n-alkane and cycloparaffinic feedstock into aromatic and branched chain hydrocarbons, mainly in the range C5 to C12 andboiling in the range ca. 35 to 230°C.

Low boiling point thermally-cracked naphthaStreams obtained by the high temperature splitting of heavy distillates into lighter fractions,and containing saturated, olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons, mainly in the range C4 to C12and boiling in the range ca. -20 to 230°C.

Low boiling point hydrogen-treated naphthaStreams obtained by the catalytic reaction of feedstocks with hydrogen to removeunsaturated and organo-sulphur compounds and containing mainly saturated hydrocarbons,mainly in the range C4 to C12 and boiling in the range ca. -10 to 250°C.

Low boiling point naphtha - unspecifiedStreams obtained by processes such as steam and hydrocracking and sweetening, andcontaining mainly saturated, olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons, mainly in the range C4 toC12 and boiling in the range ca. -20 to 230°C.

Flammability:On basis of flash point and initial boiling point, most naphthas are extremely flammable.Classification: Extremely Flammable, symbol F+ and R12; exceptions on a case-by-case basis; CONCAWE recommendation based on 18th ATP.

Acute Toxicity:Data available on a number of gasoline streams indicate acute oral and dermal LD50 values>2000 mg/kg. Inhalation toxicity study results do not indicate the need to classify. However,based on the volatility of the substances in this group, coupled with practical experience inhumans, symptoms of central nervous system depression may result on exposure byinhalation (R67 applies). Based on viscosity, aspiration is considered to be a hazard.Classification: Harmful, symbol Xn with R65; Annex I entry in 22nd ATP.(Additional risk phrase that applies: R67.)

Irritation:Data available for a number of gasoline streams indicate the need to classify for skin irritationbut not for eye irritation. Experience and limited test data do not indicate the need to classifyfor respiratory irritation.

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Classification: Irritant, symbol Xi and R38 unless data available to contrary;CONCAWE recommendation based on 18th ATP.

Sensitisation:Dermal studies available on gasoline streams do not indicate a potential to causesensitisation.No classification recommended.

Sub-Acute/Chronic Toxicity:Data available on gasoline streams indicate low chronic toxicity for inhalation and dermalexposure. Data indicate low sub-acute toxicity by oral, dermal and inhalation routes.No classification recommended.

Mutagenicity:Data indicate that gasoline naphthas are not mutagenic.No classification recommended.

Carcinogenicity:Classified as carcinogenic, unless there is evidence that the benzene content is less than0.1% m/m.Classification: Carcinogenic Category 2, symbol T and R45 mandatory unless benzenecontent <0.1% m/m; Annex I entry in 21st ATP.

Toxicity for Reproduction:A developmental toxicity study using unleaded gasoline vapour indicates no maternal orfoetal toxicity. A two-generation reproductive study on gasoline vapour condensate gave riseto no adverse effects.No classification recommended.

Environmental Effects:Aquatic toxicity values for fish, Daphnia and algae are in the range 1-100 mg/l. Gasolinenaphthas may not meet the criteria for ready degradability and components have log Kowvalues in the range 3 to greater than 6.Classification: Dangerous for the Environment, symbol N with R51/53, CONCAWErecommendation based on 18th ATP.

N.B. Some hydrocarbon solvents falling within these groups of petroleum substances maynot meet the criteria for classification as N, R51/53.

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CLASSIFICATION †

Extremely Flammable**Carcinogenic Category 2*Irritant**HarmfulDangerous for the Environment

LABELLING †

Symbols: F+**, T* or Xn++, NIndications of Danger:EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE**HARMFUL++

DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT

R Phrases:R12**: Extremely Flammable.R45*: May cause cancer.R38**: Irritating to skin.R65***: Harmful; may cause lung damage if swallowed.R67: Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness.R51/53: Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic

environment.S Phrases (R45 applicable)S53 (obligatory): Avoid exposure – obtain special instructions before use.S45 (obligatory): In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately

(show the label where possible).[S2] (obligatory)+++: Keep out of the reach of children.S23: Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapour/spray (appropriate wording to be specified

by the manufacturer).S24: Avoid contact with skin.S29: Do not empty into drains.S43: In case of fire, use . . . (indicate in the space the precise type of fire-fighting


sheets.S62 (obligatory): If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and

show this container or label.


[S2] (obligatory): Keep out of the reach of children.S23: Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapour/spray (appropriate wording to be specified

by the manufacturer).S24: Avoid contact with skin.S29: Do not empty into drains.S43: In case of fire, use . . . (indicate in the space the precise type of fire-fighting


sheets.S62 (obligatory): If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and

show this container or label.Other phrases:Restricted to professional users.+

* Nota P applies, i.e. classify as Carcinogenic, Category 2 unless it can be shown that thebenzene concentration is below 0.1% m/m.

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** Applies unless data available to the contrary.*** Nota E applies. On label, this risk phrase must be preceded by the word "Also".+ Applies to R45 substances not marketed as fuels.++ Applies if substance is classified as Harmful, but is not classified as a Category 2

carcinogen.+++ Only applicable when sold to the general public for use as a fuel.† Where the hydrocarbon compositions of low boiling point naphtha streams are

known, the concentration limit rules of the DPD should be followed to determine anyadditional health hazard classifications that apply (see Section 5).

Example label for either gasoline containing ≥≥≥≥ 0.1% m/m benzene, or gasoline of unknownbenzene content, marketed as a fuel

Low boiling point naphtha - unspecified, EC No. 289-220-8

EXTREMELYFLAMMABLE DANGEROUS

FOR THEENVIRONMENT

May cause cancer.Also harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.Irritating to skin.Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness.Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverseeffects in the aquatic environment.

[Keep out of the reach of children]Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.In case of accident, or if you feel unwell, seek medical adviceimmediately (show the label where possible).[If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical adviceimmediately and show this container or label.]In case of fire, use . . . (indicate in the space the precise typeof fire-fighting equipment. If water increases risk, add - 'Neveruse water').Avoid release to the environment. Refer to specialinstructions/Safety data sheets.


Example label for light alkylate naphtha (petroleum) containing <0.1% m/m benzene

Low boiling point modified naphtha, EC No. 265-068-8

EXTREMELYFLAMMABLE

HARMFUL DANGEROUSFOR THE

ENVIRONMENT

Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.Irritating to skin.Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness.Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverseeffects in the aquatic environment.

[Keep out of the reach of children]Do not breathe vapour.Avoid contact with skin.If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical adviceimmediately and show this container or label.In case of fire, use . . . (indicate in the space the precise typeof fire-fighting equipment. If water increases risk, add -'Never use water').Avoid release to the environment. Refer to specialinstructions/Safety data sheets.


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KEROSINESThe information given in this section is applicable to those groups of substances bearing thefollowing short names and definitions:

DefinitionsStraight-run kerosineStreams obtained from the atmospheric distillation of crude oil and containing saturated andaromatic hydrocarbons, mainly in the range C9 to C16 and boiling in the range ca. 145 to300°C.

Cracked kerosineStreams obtained from processes involving the cracking of hydrocarbon feedstocks, andcontaining saturated, olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons, mainly in the range C8 to C16 andboiling in the range ca. 90 to 290°C.

Kerosine - unspecifiedStreams obtained from processes not sufficiently defined to enable them to be placed in thestraight-run or cracked groups, and containing saturated, olefinic and aromatichydrocarbons, mainly in the range C7 to C16 and boiling in the range ca. 90 to 290°C.

Flammability:Kerosines are classified according to closed cup flash point values.Classification: Flammable, no symbol but with R10, if flash point is ≥≥≥≥ 21°C and is≤≤≤≤ 55°C. Highly flammable with flame symbol and R11, if flash point is < 21°C.No Classification if flashpoint > 55°C.CONCAWE recommendations based on 18th ATP.

Acute Toxicity:Tests indicate dermal and oral LD50 values > 2,000 mg/kg. Inhalation toxicity study results donot indicate the need for classification. Based on viscosity, aspiration is considered to be ahazard.Classification: Harmful, symbol Xn with R65 mandatory: Annex I entry in 22nd ATP.

Irritation:Limited data available on a number of kerosine streams indicate possible skin irritation; it isrecognised, however, that a wide spectrum of kerosines exists and in some cases there maybe no need to classify; however, in these cases, R66 would be assigned. Data available oneye irritation do not indicate the need to classify.Classification: Irritant, symbol Xi and R38 unless data available to the contrary.CONCAWE recommendation based on 18th ATP.(Alternatively, risk phrase that may apply: R66.)

Sensitisation:Data available do not indicate a potential to cause sensitisation.No classification recommended.

Sub-Acute/Chronic Toxicity:No data available for oral exposures. Data available from dermal and inhalation studies donot indicate the need to classify.No classification recommended.

Mutagenicity:Data indicate that kerosines are not mutagenic.No classification recommended.

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Carcinogenicity:Data indicate that kerosines are not carcinogenic.No classification recommended.

Toxicity for Reproduction:Data indicate that there is no need to classify for developmental or reproduction effects.No classification recommended.

Environmental Effects:Aquatic toxicity data for fish, Daphnia and algae are in range 1-100 mg/l. Kerosines may notmeet criteria for ready degradability and components have log Kow values in the range 3.3 togreater than 6.Classification: Dangerous for the Environment, symbol N with R51/R53; CONCAWErecommendation based on 18th ATP.

N.B. Some hydrocarbon solvents falling within these groups of petroleum substances maynot meet the criteria for classification as N, R51/53.

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CLASSIFICATION

Flammable*Irritant**HarmfulDangerous for the Environment

LABELLING

Symbols: Xn, NIndications of Danger:HARMFULDANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT

R Phrases:R10*: Flammable.R65:. Harmful; may cause lung damage if swallowed.R38**: Irritating to skin.R66+ Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.R51/53: Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the

aquatic environment.

S Phrases:[S2] (obligatory): Keep out of the reach of children.S23 (obligatory): Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapour/spray (appropriate wording to be

specified by the manufacturer).S24: Avoid contact with skin.S43: In case of fire, use . . . (indicate in the space the precise type of fire-

fighting equipment. If water increases risk, add - 'Never use water').S61: Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/

Safety data sheets.S62 (obligatory): If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice

immediately and show this container or label.

Other phrases:Keep lamps filled with this liquid out of the reach of children.***

* Symbol F, indication of danger "Highly Flammable" and S16 recommended ifFlashpoint is <21°C.

** Does not apply if evidence to the contrary exists.*** Applies to kerosines supplied for use as lamp oils in containers of 15 litres or less.+ Applies in the absence of R 38.

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Example label for kerosine (petroleum)

Straight-run kerosine, EC No. 232-366-4


ENVIRONMENT

Flammable.Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.Irritating to skin.Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-termadverse effects in the aquatic environment.

[Keep out of the reach of children]Do not breathe vapour/spray.Avoid contact with skin.If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medicaladvice immediately and show this container or label.In case of fire, use . . . (indicate in the space theprecise type of fire-fighting equipment. If waterincreases risk, add - 'Never use water').Avoid release to the environment. Refer to specialinstructions/Safety data sheets.


Example label for kerosine (petroleum) supplied for use as a lamp oil

Kerosine-unspecified, EC No. 307-033-2


ENVIRONMENT

Flammable.Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.Irritating to skin.Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-termadverse effects in the aquatic environment.

[Keep out of the reach of children]Do not breathe vapour/spray.Avoid contact with skin.If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medicaladvice immediately and show this container or label.

Keep lamps filled with this liquid out of the reach ofchildren.Avoid release to the environment. Refer to specialinstructions/Safety data sheets.


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STRAIGHT-RUN GAS OILSDefinition:

Straight-run gas oilStreams obtained from the atmospheric distillation of crude oil and containing saturated andaromatic hydrocarbons, mainly in the range C9 to C25 and boiling in the range ca. 150 to400°C.

Flammability:Flash point above 55°C.No classification recommended.

Acute Toxicity:Oral and dermal LD50 >2000 mg/kg. Aerosols may present inhalation hazard, but insufficientdata to classify.Based on viscosity, aspiration is considered to be a hazard for most substances in thisgroup.Classification: Harmful, symbol Xn with R65 unless there are data available whichindicate that the aspiration hazard criteria are not met; CONCAWE recommendationbased on 18th, 22nd and 25th ATPs.

Irritation:Studies indicate low eye irritation potential. Insufficient skin irritation data available forclassification. However, upon repeated exposure straight-run gas oils may cause skindryness or cracking; R66 applies. No data available for respiratory irritation.No classification recommended.(Additional risk phrase that applies: R66.)

Sensitisation:Data available indicate that gas oils are not sensitisers.No classification recommended.

Sub-Acute/Chronic Toxicity:No data available for oral and inhalation exposure routes. Data available for dermal exposuredo not indicate the need for classification.No classification recommended.

Mutagenicity:Data available on gas oils provide no clear evidence of mutagenic potential.No classification recommended.

Carcinogenicity:Data indicate that straight-run gas oils are not carcinogenic.No classification recommended.

Toxicity for Reproduction:Available data from developmental toxicity studies do not indicate the need for classification.No classification recommended.

Environmental Effects: Aquatic toxicity data for fish, Daphnia and algae are in range 1-100 mg/l. Gas oils may notmeet criteria for ready degradability and components have log Kow values in the range 3.9 togreater than 6.Classification: Dangerous for the Environment, symbol N with R51/53; CONCAWErecommendation based on 18th ATP.

N.B. Some hydrocarbon solvents falling within this group of petroleum substances may notmeet the criteria for classification as N, R51/R53.

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CLASSIFICATION

Harmful*Dangerous for the Environment

LABELLING

Symbols: Xn*, NIndications of Danger:HARMFUL*DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT

R Phrases:R65*: Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.R66: Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.R51/53: Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the

aquatic environment.S Phrases:S24: Avoid contact with the skin.S61: Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety

data sheets.S62 (obligatory)*: If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice


* Applies only if aspiration hazard criteria are met

Example label for straight-run middle distillate (petroleum) meeting aspiration hazardcriteria

Straight-run gas oil, EC No. 265-044-7

Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness orcracking.If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seekmedical advice immediately and show thiscontainer or label.Avoid release to the environment. Refer tospecial instructions/Safety data sheets.

HARMFUL DANGEROUS FOR THEENVIRONMENT

COMPANY NAME , ADDRESS and TELEPHONE No.

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CRACKED GAS OILS (excluding hydrocracked gas oils)Definition:

Cracked gas oilStreams obtained from processes involving the cracking of hydrocarbon feedstocks, andcontaining saturated, olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons, mainly in the range C9 to C25 andboiling in the range ca. 150 to 400°C.

Flammability:Flash point above 55°CNo classification recommended.

Acute Toxicity:Oral and dermal LD50 values are >2000 mg/kg. Aerosols may cause irritation of therespiratory tract, but LC50 data indicate there is no need to classify. Based on viscosity,aspiration is considered to be a hazard for most substances in this group.Classification: Harmful, symbol Xn with R65 unless there are data available whichindicate that the aspiration hazard criteria are not met; CONCAWE recommendationbased on 18th, 22nd and 25th ATPs.

Irritation:Studies indicate low eye irritation potential. Available data indicate the need to classify forskin irritation. No data available for respiratory irritation.Classification: Irritant, symbol Xi and R38. CONCAWE recommendation based on 18th

ATP.

Sensitisation:Data available indicate that cracked gas oils are not sensitisers.No classification recommended.

Sub-Acute/Chronic Toxicity:No data available for oral and inhalation exposure routes. Data for dermal exposure do notindicate the need for classification.No classification recommended.

Mutagenicity:Data available for cracked gas oils provide no clear evidence of mutagenic potential.No classification recommended.

Carcinogenicity:Available data indicate that cracked gas oils are carcinogenic.Classification: Carcinogenic Category 2, symbol T and R45 mandatory; Annex I entryin 21st ATP.


Environmental Effects:Aquatic toxicity data for fish, Daphnia and algae are in range 1-100 mg/l. Cracked gas oilsmay not meet criteria for ready degradability and components have log Kow values in therange 3.9 to greater than 6.Classification: Dangerous for the Environment, symbol N with R51/53; CONCAWErecommendation based on 18th ATP.

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Summary of classification and labelling recommendations.

CLASSIFICATIONCarcinogenic Category 2Harmful*IrritantDangerous for the Environment

LABELLING

Symbols: T , NIndications of Danger:HARMFUL*DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENTR Phrases:R45: May cause cancer.R65*: Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.†R38: Irritating to skin.R51/53 Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the

aquatic environment.S Phrases:S53 (obligatory): Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.S45 (obligatory): In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice

immediately (show the label where possible).S62 (obligatory)*: If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice

immediately and show this container or label.S24: Avoid contact with skin.S61: Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/

Safety data sheets.

Other phrases:Restricted to professional users**

* Applies only if aspiration hazard criteria are met.† Nota E applies. On label, this risk phrase must be preceded by the word “Also”.** Where supplied for use other than as a fuel

Example label for light catalytic cracked distillate (petroleum)

Cracked gas oil, EC No. 265-060-4

May cause cancer.Also, harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.Irritating to skin.Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-termadverse effects in the aquatic environment.

DANGEROUS FOR THEENVIRONMENT

Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.In case of accident, or if you feel unwell, seek medicaladvice immediately (show the label where possible).If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medicaladvice immediately and show this container or label.Avoid release to the environment. Refer to specialinstructions/Safety data sheets.Restricted to professional users.


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HYDROCRACKED GAS OILSThe information given in this section is applicable to the following substances:

EINECS No. 265-078-2, light hydrocracked distillates (petroleum)

EINECS No. 307-662-2, hydrocarbons, C16-20, solvent-dewaxed hydrocracked paraffinicdistillation residue.

Definition:Streams obtained from processes involving the hydrocracking of hydrocarbon feedstocksand containing predominantly saturated hydrocarbons, mainly in the range C10 to C20 andboiling in the range ca. 160 to 350°C.


Acute Toxicity:No data available.Based on viscosity, aspiration is considered to be a hazard for most substances in thisgroup.Classification: Harmful, symbol Xn with R65 unless there are data available to indicatethat the aspiration hazard criteria are not met; CONCAWE recommendation based on18th, 22nd and 25th ATPs.

Irritation:No data available. Based on practical experience in humans, hydrocracked gas oils maycause skin dryness or cracking.No classification recommended.(Additional risk phrase that applies: R66.)

Sensitisation:No data available.Sensitisation not expected by inference from cracked gas oils.No classification recommended.

Sub-Acute/Chronic Toxicity:By inference from cracked gas oils, classification is not warranted.No classification recommended.

Mutagenicity:Data available for hydrocracked gas oils provide no clear evidence of mutagenic potential.No classification recommended.

Carcinogenicity:Limited data available indicate that hydrocracked gas oils may be carcinogenic.Classification: Carcinogenic, Category 3, symbol Xn with R40; Annex I entry in21st ATP.


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Environmental Effects:No data available. By inference from cracked gas oils, aquatic toxicity is likely to be in therange from 1 to 100 mg/l. Substances may not meet criteria for ready degradability andcomponents have log Kow values in the range from 3.9 to greater than 6.Classification: Dangerous for the Environment, symbol N with R51/53; CONCAWErecommendation based on 18th ATP.


CLASSIFICATION

Carcinogenic Category 3HarmfulDangerous for the Environment

LABELLING

Symbols: Xn, NIndications of Danger:HARMFULDANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT

R Phrases:R40: Limited evidence of carcinogenic effect.R65*: Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.R66: Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.R51/53 Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the

aquatic environment.S Phrases:[S2](obligatory): Keep out of the reach of children.S36/37(obligatory): Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.S61: Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/

Safety data sheets.S62(obligatory)*: If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice


* Applies only if aspiration criteria are met.

Example label for light hydrocracked distillate (petroleum) meeting aspiration hazardcriteria

Hydrocracked gas oil, EC No. 265-078-2


Limited evidence of carcinogenic effect.Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-termadverse effects in the aquatic environment.Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness orcracking.[Keep out of the reach of children]Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.If swallowed do not induce vomiting: seek medicaladvice immediately and show this container or label.Avoid release to the environment. Refer to specialinstructions/Safety data sheets.


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VACUUM GAS OILSDefinition

Vacuum gas oilStreams obtained from the vacuum distillation of atmospheric residues, and containingsaturated and aromatic hydrocarbons, mainly in the range C11 to C25 and boiling in therange ca. 200 to 450°C.


Acute Toxicity:No data available.Based on viscosity, aspiration is considered to be a hazard for most substances in thisgroup.Classification: Harmful, symbol Xn with R65 unless there are data available whichindicate that aspiration hazard criteria are not met; CONCAWE recommendation basedon 18th, 22nd and 25th ATPs.

Irritation:No data available. Based on practical experiences in humans, vacuum gas oils may causeskin dryness or cracking.By inference from straight-run gas oils, no classification recommended.(Additional risk phrase that applies: R66.)

Sensitisation:No data available.By inference from straight-run gas oils, no classification recommended.

Sub-Acute/Chronic Toxicity:

The effects of exposure by the dermal exposure route are not considered sufficient towarrant classification. No other data available.No classification recommended.

Mutagenicity:No data available.No classification recommended.

Carcinogenicity:No data available.No classification recommended.


Environmental Effects:By inference from other gas oils, aquatic toxicity is likely to be in the range 1-100 mg/l.Substances may not meet criteria for ready degradability and components have log Kowvalues in the range 3.9 to greater than 6.Classification: Dangerous for the Environment, symbol N with R51/53; CONCAWErecommendation based on 18th ATP.

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CLASSIFICATIONHarmful*Dangerous for the Environment

LABELLING

Symbols: Xn*, NIndications of Danger:HARMFUL*DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT

R Phrases:R65*: Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.R66: Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.R51/53 Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the

aquatic environment.S Phrases:S62(obligatory)*: If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice

immediately and show this container or label.S61: Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/

Safety data sheets.

* Applies only if aspiration hazard criteria are met.

Example label for vacuum tower condensate (petroleum) meeting aspiration hazardcriteria

Vacuum gas oil, EC No. 265-049-4

Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness orcracking.If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seekmedical advice immediately and show thiscontainer or label.Avoid release to the environment. Refer tospecial instructions/Safety data sheets.



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OTHER GAS OILSDefinition

Gas oil - unspecifiedStreams obtained from processes not sufficiently defined to enable them to be placed instraight-run, cracked or vacuum gas oil groups and containing saturated, aromatic andolefinic hydrocarbons, mainly in the range C9 to C25 and boiling in the range ca. 150 to450°C.


Acute Toxicity:Acute oral and dermal LD50 values >2000 mg/kg. Aerosols may present an inhalationhazard, but insufficient data to classify.Based on viscosity, aspiration is considered to be a hazard for most substances in thisgroup.Classification: Harmful, symbol Xn with R65 unless there are data available whichindicate that aspiration hazard criteria are not met; CONCAWE recommendation basedon 18th, 22nd and 25th ATPs.

Irritation:Studies indicate low eye irritation for gas oil. Insufficient skin irritation data available forclassification. Based on practical experience in humans, repeated exposure may cause skindryness or cracking. No data available for respiratory irritation.No classification recommended.(Additional risk phrase that applies: R66.)


Sub-Acute/Chronic Toxicity:No data available for oral and inhalation exposures. Data for dermal exposure do notindicate the need for classification.No classification recommended .

Mutagenicity:Data available provide no clear evidence of mutagenic potential.No classification recommended.

Carcinogenicity:Classified as carcinogenic, unless the refining history shows that the original feedstock is notcarcinogenic.Classification: Carcinogenic Category 2, symbol T and R45 mandatory unless refininghistory indicates that original feedstock is not carcinogenic; Annex I entry in 21st ATP.


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Environmental Effects:Aquatic toxicity in range 1-100 mg/l. Gas oils may not meet criteria for ready degradabilityand components have log Kow values in the range 3.9 to greater than 6.Classification: Dangerous for the Environment, symbol N with R51/53; CONCAWErecommendation based on 18th ATP.[N.B. Some hydrocarbon solvents falling within this group of petroleum substances may notmeet the criteria for classification as N, R51/R53.]


CLASSIFICATION

Carcinogenic Category 2*Harmful**Dangerous for the Environment

LABELLING

Symbols: T*, Xn**, NIndications of Danger:HARMFUL**DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT

R Phrases:R45*: May cause cancer.R65**: Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.†R66: Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.R51/53 Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the

aquatic environment.S Phrases:[S2](obligatory)*: Keep out of the reach of children.S53(obligatory)*: Avoid exposure – obtain special instructions before use.S45(obligatory)*: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice

immediately (show the label where possible).S62(obligatory)**: If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice

immediately and show this container or label.[S61]: Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/

Safety data sheets.

Other phrases:Restricted to professional users***

* Nota N applies, i.e. carcinogenic unless refining history is known and the originalfeedstock is not a carcinogen.

** Applies only if aspiration hazard criteria are met. The symbol Xn is not required if thesubstance is also classified as a Category 2 carcinogen.

*** Applies if R45 is assigned to substance and it is supplied for use other than as a fuel.† Nota E applies. On label, this risk phrase must be preceded by word “Also” if

substance is carcinogenic.

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Example label for hydrodesulphurized middle distillate (petroleum) meeting aspirationhazard criteria and derived from a non-carcinogenic feedstock

Gas oil - unspecified, EC No. 265-183-3

Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-termadverse effects in the aquatic environment.Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness orcracking.[Keep out of the reach of children]If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medicaladvice immediately and show this container or label.Avoid release to the environment. Refer to specialinstructions/Safety data sheets.

*HARMFUL DANGEROUS

FOR THEENVIRONMENT


Example label for hydrodesulphurized middle distillate (petroleum) meeting aspirationhazard criteria and derived from either a carcinogenic feedstock, or

a feedstock of unknown carcinogenicity

Gas oil - unspecified, EC No. 265-183-3

DANGEROUS FOR THEENVIRONMENT

May cause cancer.Also, harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-termadverse effects in the aquatic environment.Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness orcracking.

Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.In case of accident, or if you feel unwell, seek medicaladvice immediately (show the label where possible).If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medicaladvice immediately and show this container or label.Avoid release to the environment. Refer to specialinstructions/Safety data sheets.

Restricted to professional users.EC Label COMPANY NAME , ADDRESS and TELEPHONE No.

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OTHER GAS OILS - DISTILLATE FUEL OILSThe information given in this section applies to the following distillate fuel oils:

EINECS No. 269-822-7, Fuels, dieselEINECS No. 270-671-4, Fuel Oil no. 2EINECS No. 270-673-5, Fuel Oil no. 4EINECS No. 270-676-1, Fuels, diesel no. 2

Definition:Gas oil - unspecifiedStreams obtained from distillation and cracking processes, and containing saturated, olefinicand aromatic hydrocarbons, mainly in the range C9 to C25 and boiling in the range ca. 160to 400°C.


Acute Toxicity:Oral and dermal LD50 values are >2000 mg/kg. Aerosols may present inhalation hazard, butinsufficient data to classify. Based on viscosity, aspiration is considered to be a hazard formost substances in this group.Classification: Harmful, symbol Xn with R65 unless there are data available whichindicate that aspiration hazard criteria are not met; CONCAWE recommendation basedon 18th, 22nd and 25th ATPs.

Irritation:Studies indicate low eye irritation for gas oil. Insufficient skin irritation data available forclassification. Based on practical experience in humans, repeated exposure may cause skindryness or cracking. No data available for respiratory irritation.No classification recommended.(Additional risk phrase that applies: R66.)


Sub-Acute/Chronic Toxicity:No data available for oral and inhalation exposures. Data available for dermal exposure donot indicate the need for classification.No classification recommended.

Mutagenicity:Data available provide no clear evidence of mutagenic potential.No classification recommended.

Carcinogenicity:Data available indicate that distillate fuel oils may have a potential to cause skin cancer.Classification: Carcinogenic Category 3, symbol Xn with R40; Annex I entry in 21st ATP.


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Environmental Effects:Aquatic toxicity for fish, Daphnia and algae are in range 1-100 mg/l. Gas oils may not meetcriteria for ready degradability and components have log Kow values in the range 3.9 togreater than 6.Classification: Dangerous for the Environment, symbol N with R51/53; CONCAWErecommendation based on 18th ATP.


CLASSIFICATION

Carcinogenic Category 3HarmfulDangerous for the Environment

LABELLING

Symbols: Xn, NIndications of Danger:HARMFULDANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENTR Phrases:R40: Limited evidence of carcinogenic effect.R65*: Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.R66: Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.R51/53 Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the

aquatic environment.S Phrases:[S2] (obligatory): Keep out of the reach of children.S36/37 (obligatory): Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.S62 (obligatory)*: If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice

immediately and show this container or label.S61: Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/

Safety data sheets.


Example label for fuels, diesel, meeting aspiration hazard criteria

Fuels, diesel, EC No. 269-822-7


Limited evidence of carcinogenic effect.Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-termadverse effects in the aquatic environment.

[Keep out of the reach of children]Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medicaladvice immediately and show this container or label.Avoid release to the environment. Refer to specialinstructions/Safety data sheets.


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HEAVY FUEL OIL COMPONENTSDefinition:

Heavy fuel oilStreams obtained as either distillates or residues from distillation and cracking processesand containing saturated, aromatic and olefinic hydrocarbons, mainly in the range C9 to C50and boiling in the range ca. 160 to 600°C.


Acute Toxicity:Studies available indicate oral and dermal LD50s of >2000 mg/kg. Inhalation toxicity expectedto be low. Based on viscosity, aspiration is not considered to be a hazard.No classification recommended.

Irritation:Limited data available do not indicate the need for classification. Based on practicalexperience in humans, repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking; R66 applies.No classification recommended.Additional risk phrase that applies: R66.

Sensitisation:Available data indicate that fuel oil components are not sensitisers.No classification recommended.

Sub-Acute/Chronic Toxicity:Available data do not indicate the need for a general classification. (An exception may be forclarified slurry oil, CAS No 64742-62-4, where one study indicates that a Harmfulclassification with R48/21 may be applicable.)No general classification recommended; clarified slurry oil (CAS No. 64742-62-4)should be classified Harmful with symbol Xn and R48/21.

Mutagenicity:Available data do not provide clear evidence of mutagenic potential.No classification recommended.

Carcinogenicity:Data available indicate that fuel oil components are carcinogenic.Classification: Carcinogenic Category 2, symbol T and R45 mandatory; Annex I entryin 21st ATP.

Toxicity for Reproduction:Available data are under review.No classification recommended.

Environmental Effects:Available data for fish, Daphnia and algae indicate aquatic toxicity in the range 10-100 mg/l.Fuel oil components may not meet criteria for ready degradability and components have logKow values in the range 2.7 to greater than 6.Classification: Dangerous for the Environment, no symbol, R52/R53; CONCAWErecommendation based on 18th ATP.

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CLASSIFICATION

Carcinogenic Category 2Dangerous for the Environment

LABELLING

Symbols: TIndications of Danger:None

R Phrases:R45: May cause cancer.R66: Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.R52/53: Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the

aquatic environment.

S Phrases:S53 (obligatory): Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.S45 (obligatory): In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice

immediately (show the label where possible.S61: Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/

Safety data sheets.

Other phrases:Restricted to professional users.*

* Where supplied for use other than as a fuel.

Example label for fuel oil No. 6

Heavy fuel oil, EC No. 271-384-7

May cause cancer.Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness orcracking.Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-termadverse effects in the aquatic environment.

Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.In case of accident, or if you feel unwell, seek medicaladvice immediately (show the label where possible).Avoid release to the environment. Refer to specialinstructions/Safety data sheets.


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LUBRICATING GREASESDefinition:

GreaseA complex combination of hydrocarbons, mainly in the range C12 to C50 and which maycontain organic compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and/or aluminium.

The EINECS entry defines lubricating greases as complex combinations of hydrocarbons (i.e.base oils) which may contain organic salts of alkali or alkaline earth metals or aluminiumcompounds. Accordingly, the classification of these substances depends on the knownproperties of the base oils and the metallic thickeners. The classification for carcinogenicity willbe determined by the mineral oil base stock. This is indicated in Annex I of the 21st ATP by areference to Nota N i.e. the carcinogenic status of a grease meeting the above definition,depends on the refining history of the lubricant base oil that it contains.

Classification

Classification is recommended on a case-by-case basis as follows:

(a) Greases are classified as carcinogenic unless there is evidence that themineral oil base stock is non-carcinogenic.

Classification: Carcinogenic Category 2, symbol T and R45mandatory unless the refining history shows that the base oil is notcarcinogenic: Annex I entry in 21st ATP.

(b) Greases may be classified from the presence of organo-metallicthickeners e.g. barium compounds according to the dangerousproperties of these constituents and the concentrations that are present.

(c) Limited data indicates that aquatic toxicities are greater than 1000 mg/l.Greases may not meet criteria for ready biodegradability andcomponents have log Kow values ranging from 4.5 to greater than 6.

Classification: Dangerous for the Environment, no symbol, R53(unless chronic data justify no classification; other environmentalclassifications may apply based on acute toxicity data.)

Note

Marketed greases are normally preparations, since they contain additional components to thosecovered by the EINECS definition for grease. Accordingly, the hazards of these additionalconstituents together with those of the original grease, need to be taken into account inconsidering whether these products should be classified against the provisions of the DangerousPreparations Directive.

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CLASSIFICATION

Carcinogenic Category 2*Dangerous for the Environment***

LABELLING

Symbols: T*Indications of Danger:None

R Phrases:R45*: May cause cancer.R53***: May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.S Phrases:S53(obligatory)**: Avoid exposure – obtain special instructions before use.S45(obligatory)**: In case of accident, or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice

immediately (show the label where possible).S61: Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/

Safety data sheets.


* Nota N applies i.e. classify as Category 2 carcinogen unless refining history indicatesthat base oil is not a carcinogen.

** Applies if R45 is assigned to substance.*** Applies unless chronic data justify no classification; other classifications may apply

based on acute toxicity data.

Example label for grease containing non-carcinogenic base oil

Grease, EC No. 278-011-7May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquaticenvironment.

Avoid release to the environment. Refer to specialinstructions/Safety data sheets.


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Example label for grease containing either a carcinogenic base oil or a base oil ofunknown carcinogenicity

Grease, EC No. 278-011-7May cause cancer.May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquaticenvironment.

Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions beforeuse.In case of accident, or if you feel unwell, seek medicaladvice immediately (show the label where possible).Avoid release to the environment. Refer to specialinstructions/Safety data sheets.



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UNREFINED/ACID TREATED OILSDefinition:

Unrefined or mildly refined base oilUntreated and acid treated streams obtained from the vacuum distillates of atmosphericresidues, and containing saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons, mainly in the range C15 toC50.

Flammability:High flash point.No classification recommended.

Acute Toxicity:Studies available indicate dermal and oral LD50s of >2000 mg/kg. No inhalation toxicity dataavailable.Based on viscosity, aspiration may be a potential hazard for some unrefined/acid treated oils.No general classification recommended, but symbol Xn with R65 applies if aspirationhazard criteria are met; CONCAWE recommendation based on 18th, 22nd, and 25th

ATPs.

Irritation:Limited data indicate low eye irritation and equivocal results for skin irritation.No classification recommended.

Sensitisation:Available data indicate that substances are not skin sensitisers.No classification recommended.

Sub-Acute/Chronic Toxicity:Limited sub-acute dermal data indicate no significant toxicity.No classification recommended.

Mutagenicity:Limited data are inadequate to indicate mutagenic potential.No classification recommended.

Carcinogenicity:Both animal and human data indicate that these oils are carcinogenic.Classification: Carcinogenic Category 1, symbol T and R45 mandatory; Annex I entryin 21st ATP.


Environmental Effects:No data available for aquatic toxicity. Substances may not meet criteria for readydegradability and components have log Kow values in the range 4.5 to greater than 6.Classification: Dangerous for the Environment, no symbol, R53 (unless chronic datajustify no classification; other classifications may apply based on acute toxicity data.)

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CLASSIFICATION

Carcinogenic Category 1Harmful*Dangerous for the Environment**

LABELLING

Symbols: TIndications of Danger:None

R Phrases:R45: May cause cancer.R65*: Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.+R53**: May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.S Phrases:S53(obligatory): Avoid exposure – obtain special instructions before use.S45(obligatory): In case of accident, or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice

immediately (show the label where possible).S62*: If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice


Other phrases:Restricted to professional users.

* Applies only if aspiration hazard criteria are met.+ Nota E applies.** Applies unless chronic data justify no classification; other classifications may apply


Example label for light paraffinic distillates (petroleum) not meeting aspiration hazardcriteria

Unrefined or mildly refined base oil, EC No. 265-051-5

May cause cancer.May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquaticenvironment.

Avoid exposure – obtain special instructions before use.In case of accident, or if you feel unwell, seek medicaladvice immediately (show the label where possible).Avoid release to the environment. Refer to specialinstructions/Safety data sheets.



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HIGHLY REFINED BASE OILSDefinition:

Highly refined base oilStreams obtained by (a) severe refining of vacuum distillates to remove aromatichydrocarbons or (b) the treatment of vacuum residues, and containing saturated andaromatic hydrocarbons, mainly in the range C12 to C50.


Acute Toxicity:Studies available indicate oral LD50 values >2000 mg/kg and low inhalation toxicity. Basedon viscosity, aspiration may be a hazard for some base oils.No general classification recommended, but symbol Xn with R65 applies if aspirationhazard criteria are met; CONCAWE recommendation based on 18th, 22nd and 25th

ATPs.

Irritation:Studies available do not indicate the need for classification.No classification recommended.

Sensitisation:Studies available do not indicate a potential to cause sensitisation.No classification recommended.

Sub-Acute/Chronic Toxicity:Data available for oral exposure do not indicate the need for classification. No data availablefor dermal or inhalation exposures.No classification recommended.

Mutagenicity:Data available do not indicate any mutagenic potential.No classification is recommended.

Carcinogenicity:Data available indicate that highly refined oils are not carcinogenic.No classification recommended.

Toxicity for Reproduction:Data available do not indicate any developmental toxicity.No classification recommended.

Environmental Effects:Aquatic toxicity data for base oils indicate LC50 values greater than 1000 mg/l. Substancesmay not meet criteria for ready degradability and components have log Kow values >6, but byinference from data for other base oils they do not represent a long-term danger to theaquatic environment.No classification recommended; CONCAWE recommendation based on 18th ATP.

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CLASSIFICATION

Harmful*

LABELLING

Symbols: Xn*Indications of Danger:HARMFUL*

R Phrases:R65*: Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.

S Phrases:S62*: If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and

show this container or label.


Label for white mineral oil, EINECS No. 232-455-8 not meeting aspiration criteria

No label required.

Example label for white mineral oil, light, meeting aspiration hazard criteria

White mineral oil (petroleum), light, EC No. 295-550-3

Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.

If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medicaladvice immediately and show this container or label.

HARMFUL COMPANY NAME , ADDRESS and TELEPHONE No.

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OTHER LUBRICANT BASE OILSDefinition:

Base oil - unspecifiedStreams obtained from vacuum distillates, vacuum residues and atmospheric distillationresidues by processes such as solvent extraction or hydrogenation, and containing saturatedand aromatic hydrocarbons, mainly in the range C10 to C50.


Acute Toxicity:Studies available indicate oral and dermal LD50 values >2000 mg/kg. Insufficient data toclassify for inhalation toxicity. Based on viscosity, aspiration may be a hazard for some baseoils.No general classification recommended, but symbol Xn with R65 applies if aspirationhazard criteria are met; CONCAWE recommendation based on 18th, 22ndand 25th ATPs.


Sensitisation:Studies available do not indicate a potential to cause sensitisation.No classification recommended.

Chronic/Sub-acute Toxicity:Data available for sub-acute dermal and inhalation exposure do not indicate the need forclassification. No data available for oral exposure.No classification recommended.

Mutagenicity:Available data do not constitute sufficient evidence for classification.No classification recommended.

Carcinogenicity:Data available indicate that these substances should be considered as carcinogenic unlessthe DMSO extract by IP346 is less than 3% m/m.Classification: Carcinogenic Category 2, symbol T and R45 mandatory unless it canbe shown that the base oil has a DMSO extract of less than 3% m/m using the IP 346method; Annex I entry in 21st ATP.


Environmental Effects:Aquatic toxicity data for fish, Daphnia and algae on base oils indicate LC50 values of >1000mg/l. Substances may not meet criteria for ready degradability and components have log Kowvalues in the range 3.9 to greater than 6. However, chronic toxicity studies show that they donot represent a long-term danger to the aquatic environment.No classification recommended.

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CLASSIFICATIONCarcinogenic Category 2*Harmful**

LABELLINGSymbols: T*, Xn***Indications of Danger:HARMFUL**

R Phrases:R45*: May cause cancer.R65**: Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.+

S Phrases:S53 (obligatory)****: Avoid exposure – obtain special instructions before use.S45 (obligatory)****: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice

immediately (show the label where possible).S62 (obligatory)**: If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice


Other phrases:Restricted to professional users.****

* Nota L applies, i.e. classify as a Category 2 carcinogen, unless it can be shownthat the DMSO extract as measured by IP346 is less than 3% m/m.

** Applies only if aspiration hazard criteria are met.*** Applies only if substance is classified as Harmful and is not also classified as a

Category 2 carcinogen.**** Applies if R45 is assigned to substance.+ Nota E applies.

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Label for base oil for which DMSO extract by IP346 is less than 3% m/m and aspirationhazard criteria are not met

No label required.

Example label for solvent-dewaxed, heavy paraffinic distillate (petroleum) for whichaspiration hazard criteria are not met and where either

the DMSO extract by IP346 is ≥≥≥≥ 3% m/m, orthe DMSO extract by IP346 is unknown

Base oil - unspecified, EC No. 265-169-7

May cause cancer.

Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions beforeuse.In case of accident, or if you feel unwell, seek medicaladvice immediately (show the label where possible).



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RESIDUAL AROMATIC EXTRACTSDefinition:

Residual aromatic extractStreams obtained from the solvent extraction of vacuum residues, and containing saturatedand aromatic hydrocarbons, having carbon numbers predominantly greater than C25.


Acute Toxicity:No data available. Limited data available on other aromatic extracts indicate low acutetoxicity.No classification recommended.

Irritation:No data available.No classification recommended.

Sensitisation:No data available. Limited data available for other aromatic extracts do not indicatesensitisation potential.No classification recommended.

Sub-Acute/Chronic Toxicity:No data available.No classification recommended.


Carcinogenicity:Although limited data available indicate that some Residual Aromatic Extracts are weaklycarcinogenic, it is not possible to provide a general recommendation.Classify on a case-by-case basis.


Environmental Effects:Available data for fish, Daphnia and algae indicate that aquatic toxicities are above1000 mg/l. Residual aromatic extracts may not meet criteria for ready degradability andcomponents have log Kow values >5.Classification: Dangerous for the Environment, no symbol, R53 (unless chronic datajustify no classification; other classifications may apply based on acute toxicity data.)

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Flammability:No classification recommended.

Health Effects:No general recommendations can be made. Suppliers must classify and label on acase-by-case basis.

Environmental Effects:Dangerous for the Environment, no symbol, R53 (unless chronic data justify no classification;other classifications may apply based on acute toxicity data.)

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UNTREATED DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACTSDefinition:

Distillate aromatic extractStreams obtained from the solvent extraction of vacuum distillates, and containing mainlyaromatic hydrocarbons, mainly in the range C15 to C50.


Acute Toxicity:Limited data available for Distillate Aromatic Extracts (DAEs) indicate dermal and oral LD50values >2000 mg/kg.No classification recommended.

Irritation:Limited data available indicate untreated distillate aromatic extracts may cause skin drynessor cracking on repeated exposure in which case R66 applies; some untreated distillatearomatic extracts may be classified as skin irritants in which case R38 applies. Eye irritationdata do not indicate the need to classify.Classification: case-by-case basis.(Additional risk phrase that applies in absence of classification as irritant: R66.)

Sensitisation:Limited data available for untreated DAEs do not indicate sensitisation potential.No classification recommended.

Sub-Acute/Chronic Toxicity:Available data on untreated DAEs for dermal exposure meet criteria for classification.Classification: Harmful. R48/21.

Mutagenicity:Available data are inadequate to indicate mutagenic potential.No classification recommended.

Carcinogenicity:Data available indicate that these substances are carcinogenic.Classification: Carcinogenic Category 2, symbol T and R45 mandatory; Annex I entryin 19th ATP.


Environmental Effects:Available data for fish, Daphnia and algae indicate that aquatic toxicities range from 1 to over1000 mg/l. Substances may not meet criteria for ready degradability and components havelog Kow values in the range 4.4 to greater than 6.Classification: Dangerous for the Environment, no symbol, R53 (unless chronic datajustify no classification; other classifications may apply based on acute toxicity data.)

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CLASSIFICATIONCarcinogenic Category 2HarmfulDangerous for the Environment***

LABELLINGSymbols: TIndications of Danger:None

R Phrases:R45: MAY CAUSE CANCER.R48/21**: Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in

contact with skin.R38*: Irritating to the skin.R66*: Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.R53***: May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.S Phrases:S53 (obligatory): Avoid exposure – obtain special instructions before use.S45 (obligatory): In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice

immediately (show the label where possible).S36/37 (obligatory): Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.S61: Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/

Safety data sheets.Other phrases:Restricted to professional users.

* Either assignment of R66, or classification as Irritant and R38, applies to substancesin this group.

** Nota E applies.*** Applies unless chronic data justify no classification; other classifications may apply


Example label for light paraffinic distillate solvent extract (petroleum)

Distillate aromatic extract, EC No. 265-104-2

May cause cancer.

Also, danger of serious damage to health by prolongedexposure to skin.Irritating to the skin.May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquaticenvironment.




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TREATED DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACTSDefinition:

Distillate aromatic extract (treated)Streams obtained by subjecting untreated aromatic extracts from vacuum distillates toprocesses such as hydrogenation, and containing saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons,mainly in the range C15 to C50.


Acute Toxicity:No data available. By inference from untreated distillate aromatic extracts, not expected tobe acutely toxic.No classification recommended.

Irritation:No data available. By inference from untreated distillate aromatic extracts, not expected tobe eye irritants but treated distillate aromatic extracts may cause skin dryness or cracking onrepeated exposure in which case R66 applies; some treated distillate extracts may beclassified as skin irritants in which case R38 applies.Classification: case-by-case basis.(Additional risk phrase that applies in the absence of classification as irritant: R66.)

Sensitisation:No data available. By inference from untreated distillate aromatic extracts, not expected tobe skin sensitisers.No classification recommended.

Sub-Acute/Chronic Toxicity:No data available.No classification recommended.

Mutagenicity:Available data do not provide sufficient evidence for classification.No classification recommended.

Carcinogenicity:Data available suggest these substances should be considered carcinogenic unless theDMSO extract measured by IP346 is below 3% m/m.Classification: Carcinogenic Category 2, symbol T with R45 unless DMSO extractobtained using IP346 is less than 3% m/m; Annex I entry in 21st ATP.


Environmental Effects:Available data for fish, Daphnia and algae indicate that aquatic toxicity values are over1000 mg/l. Substances may not meet criteria for ready degradability and components havelog Kow values in the range 4 to greater than 6.Classification: Dangerous for the Environment, no symbol, R53 (unless chronic datajustify no classification; other classifications may apply based on acute toxicity data.)

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CLASSIFICATIONCarcinogenic Category 2*Dangerous for the Environment+

LABELLING


R Phrases:**R45*: May cause cancer.R38**: Irritating to the skin.R66**: Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.R53+: May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.S Phrases:S53(obligatory)***: Avoid exposure – obtain special instructions before use.S45(obligatory)***: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice

immediately (show the label where possible).S61: Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/

Safety data sheets.

Other phrases:Restricted to professional users.***

* Nota L applies, i.e. classify as a Category 2 carcinogen unless it can be shown thatthe DMSO extract as measured by IP 346 is < 3% m/m.

** Either assignment of R66, or classification as Irritant and R38, applies to substancesin this group.

*** Applies if R45 is assigned to substance.+ Applies unless chronic data justify no classification; other classifications may apply


Example label for hydrotreated light paraffinic distillate solvent extract for which eitherthe DMSO extract by IP346 is ≥≥≥≥ 3% m/m, orthe DMSO extract by IP346 is unknown

Distillate aromatic extract (treated), EC No. 292-633-6

May cause cancer.Irritating to the skin.May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquaticenvironment.


Restricted to professional users.EC Label COMPANY NAME , ADDRESS and TELEPHONE No.

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OTHER AROMATIC EXTRACTSDefinition:

Aromatic extract - unspecifiedStreams obtained from the solvent extraction of straight run gas oils, vacuum gas oils anddistillation residues etc., and containing saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons, mainly in therange C9 to C30 and boiling in the range ca. 150 to 450°C.

Flammability:Flash point expected to be above 55°C.No classification recommended.

Health Effects:There are no experimental data available to CONCAWE for the substances identified underthis heading. Accordingly, any decisions on classification and labelling for a particularmaterial may be based on read-across from the established properties of treated, oruntreated distillate aromatic extracts, taking into consideration the likely chemicalcomposition of the substance and its processing history.

Environmental Effects:Due to the highly variable nature of substances falling within this group, it is not appropriateto draw general conclusions about their aquatic toxicity. The predicted acute toxicity ofsubstances from this group, based on their hydrocarbon composition, suggest a wide rangeof possible aquatic toxicity.Substances in this group would not be expected to meet the criteria for ready degradability.Hydrocarbon components of these substances have values for log Kow in the range 3.3 togreater than 6.Classification: Dangerous for the environment, no symbol, R53 (unless chronic datajustify no classification; other classifications may apply based on acute toxicity data).


Flammability:No classification recommended.


Environmental Effects:Dangerous for the Environment, no symbol, R53 (unless chronic data justify noclassification; other classifications may apply based on acute toxicity data.)

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PARAFFIN AND HYDROCARBON WAXESDefinition:

Petroleum waxStreams obtained as the insoluble phase from the solvent treatment of atmospheric andvacuum distillates or vacuum residues, and containing saturated straight and branched chainhydrocarbons, mainly in the range C20 to C50.


Acute Toxicity:Studies available indicate oral and dermal LD50 values exceed 2000 mg/kg.No classification recommended.


Sensitisation:No studies available, but from human experience, substances are not sensitisers.No classification recommended.

Sub-Acute/ Chronic Toxicity:Available data for dermal and oral exposures indicate low chronic toxicity.No classification recommended.

Mutagenicity:No data available for classification.No classification recommended.

Carcinogenicity:Available data indicate that substances are not carcinogenic.No classification recommended.

Toxicity for Reproduction:No data available for classification.No classification recommended.

Environmental Effects:Acute toxicity is expected to be low. Some waxes are inherently biodegradable, but thesesubstances may not meet the criteria for ready degradability. Log Kow values of componentsare greater than 6. Substances are not expected to represent a long-term danger to theaquatic environment.No classification recommended; CONCAWE recommendation based on 18th ATP.

Summary of classification and labelling recommendations:No classification and labelling required.

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FOOTS OILSDefinition:

Foots oilsStreams obtained as the liquid phase in the separation of paraffin wax from slack wax, andcontaining mainly branched chain saturated hydrocarbons, mainly in the range C20 to C50.


Acute Toxicity:No data available. Studies available on similar streams (base oils) indicate oral and dermalLD50s of >2000 mg/kg and low inhalation toxicity.No classification recommended.

Irritation:No data available. Studies available on similar streams (other lubricant base oils) do notindicate the need for classification.No classification recommended.

Sensitisation:No data available. Studies available on similar streams (other lubricant base oils) do notindicate a potential to cause sensitisation.No classification recommended.

Sub-Acute/Chronic Toxicity:No data available. Data available on similar streams (other lubricant base oils) for dermaland inhalation exposure do not indicate the need for classification. No data available for oralexposure.No classification recommended.

Mutagenicity:No data available. Data available on base oils are not sufficient to warrant classification.No classification recommended.

Carcinogenicity:Carcinogenicity of these substances will be dependent on their refining history. Classified ascarcinogenic if the DMSO extract by IP346 is 3% m/m or greater.Classification: Carcinogenic Category 2, symbol T and R45 mandatory unless DMSOextract by IP346 is less than 3% m/m; Annex I entry in 21st ATP.


Environmental Effects:Aquatic toxicity is expected to be low. Substances may not meet criteria for readydegradability and components have log Kow values greater than 6. However, substances arenot expected to represent a long-term danger in the aquatic environment.No classification recommended; CONCAWE recommendation based on 18th ATP.

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CLASSIFICATION

Carcinogenic Category 2*

LABELLING


R Phrases:R45*: May cause cancer.

S Phrases:S53(obligatory)**: Avoid exposure – obtain special instructions before use.S45(obligatory)**: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice

immediately (show the label where possible).


* Nota L applies , i.e. classify as a Category 2 carcinogen unless it can be shown thatthe DMSO extract as measured by IP346 is < 3% m/m.

** Applies if R45 is assigned to substance.

Label for foots oil (petroleum) for which DMSO extract as measured by IP346 is <3% m/m

No label required.

Example label for foots oil (petroleum) for which eitherDMSO extract by IP346 is ≥≥≥≥ 3% m/m, orDMSO extract by IP346 is unknown

Foots oil, EC No. 265-171-8

May cause cancer.

Avoid exposure – obtain special instructions beforeuse.In case of accident, or if you feel unwell, seek medicaladvice immediately (show the label where possible).



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SLACK WAXESDefinition:

Slack waxStreams obtained by the solvent dewaxing of vacuum distillates, and containing straight andbranched chain hydrocarbons, mainly in the range >C20.


Acute Toxicity:No data available. Studies available for related substances, i.e. base oils and waxes, indicateoral and dermal LD50s of >2000 mg/kg.No classification recommended.

Irritation:No data available. Studies available for related substances, i.e. base oils and waxes, do notindicate the need for classification.No classification recommended.

Sensitisation:No data available. Studies available for related substances, i.e. base oils and waxes, do notindicate a potential to cause sensitisation.No classification recommended.

Sub-Acute/Chronic Toxicity:No data available. Data available for related substances, i.e. base oils and waxes, for oral,dermal and inhalation exposure do not indicate the need for classification.No classification recommended.


Carcinogenicity:Carcinogenicity of these substances will be dependent on the refining history of the base oilsfrom which they are derived.Classification: Carcinogenic Category 2, symbol T and R45 mandatory, unless base oilfrom which it derives is non-carcinogenic; Annex I entry in 21st ATP.


Environmental Effects:Aquatic toxicity is expected to be low. Substances may not meet criteria for readydegradability and components have log Kow values greater than 6. However, slack waxesare not expected to represent a long-term danger to the aquatic environment.No classification recommended; CONCAWE recommendation based on 18th ATP.

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CLASSIFICATION


LABELLING

Symbols: T*Indications of Danger:NoneR Phrases:R45*: May cause cancer.



Other phrases:

Restricted to professional users.**

* Nota N applies, i.e. the substance is not classified, if it can be shown that the base oilfrom which it is produced is not a carcinogen.


Label for slack wax (petroleum) derived from non-carcinogenic base oil

No label required.

Example label for slack wax (petroleum) derived from either a carcinogenic base oil, ora base oil of unknown carcinogenicity

Slack wax, EC No. 265-165-5

May cause cancer.




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PETROLATUMSDefinition:

PetrolatumsStreams obtained by the solvent dewaxing of vacuum residues, and containing mainlybranched-chain hydrocarbons, mainly in the range >C20.


Acute Toxicity:Dermal LD50 is >2000 mg/kg. Oral toxicity expected to be low.No classification recommended.

Irritation:Available data indicate that substances are not skin or eye irritants.No classification recommended.

Sensitisation:Substances are used as vehicles in human skin patch tests. Sensitisation not expected.No classification recommended.

Sub-Acute/Chronic Toxicity:No data available. Data available on similar streams e.g. residual oils for dermal, oral andinhalation exposure indicate low sub-acute toxicity.No classification recommended.


Carcinogenicity:Carcinogenicity of petrolatums will depend on the refining history of the residual oils fromwhich they are derived.Classification: Carcinogenic Category 2, symbol T and R45 mandatory unless base oilfrom which it derives is not carcinogenic; Annex I entry in 21st ATP.


Environmental Effects:Aquatic toxicity is expected to be low. Petrolatums may not meet criteria for readydegradability and components have log Kow values greater than 6. However, substances arenot expected to represent a long-term danger in the aquatic environment.No classification recommended, CONCAWE recommendation based on 18th ATP.

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CLASSIFICATION


LABELLING


R Phrases:R45*: May cause cancer.




* Nota N applies i.e. the substance is not classified if it can be shown that the residualbase oil from which it is produced is not a carcinogen.


Label for petrolatum derived from non-carcinogenic residual oil

No label required.

Example label for petrolatum derived from either, a carcinogenic residual oil, ora residual oil of unknown carcinogenicity

Petrolatum, EC No. 232-373-2

May cause cancer.




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USED AND RE-REFINED OILSDefinition:

Used or re-refined oilSpent formulated oils derived from various uses, most of which are treated by processessuch as clay percolation, hydrogenation and distillation, and mainly in the range C15 to C50.

Little general guidance can be offered on the classification and labelling of substances fallingunder this heading.

Samples of used engine oils have been evaluated in animal studies and have been shown to beof low acute toxicity, not causing skin or eye irritation or skin sensitisation. However, in long-termmouse dermal studies, such oils have shown a potential to produce tumours.

The biodegradability of used engine oils has not been studied. However, from the knownproperties of the hydrocarbon constituents of the original base oils, it is predicted that thehydrocarbon components of used oils will not be readily biodegradable, but will be inherentlybiodegradable. Similarly, the biodegradability of additives used in lubricating oil blends and theirdegradation products formed during use, has not been investigated.

Re-refined oils derive from used oils by a variety of processes, giving products of variablecomposition and no general rules can be laid down as to their properties. Limited data on thebiodegradability of re-refined oils show that they are clearly not readily biodegradable.


Flammability:No general recommendations can be made. Suppliers must classify and label on acase-by-case basis.


Environmental Effects:Dangerous for the Environment, no symbol, R53 (unless chronic data justify noclassification; other classifications may apply based on acute toxicity data.)

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BITUMENDefinition:

Bitumen or vacuum residueStreams obtained as residues from vacuum distillation and cracking processes (some ofwhich are subjected to further processing) and containing saturated and aromatichydrocarbons, mainly having carbon numbers predominantly greater than C25.


Acute Toxicity:Data available indicate low acute oral and dermal toxicity.No classification recommended.

Irritation:Limited data available do not indicate the need for classification.No classification recommended.

Sensitisation:Limited data available do not indicate the need for classification.No classification recommended.

Sub-Acute/Chronic Toxicity:Available data do not indicate the need for classification.No classification recommended.

Mutagenicity:Available data do not provide sufficient evidence for classification.No classification recommended.

Carcinogenicity:Dermal studies on bitumen and inhalation studies for bitumen fume do not reveal a clearcarcinogenic hazard.No classification recommended.


Environmental Effects:Aquatic toxicity expected to be low. Bitumens do not meet criteria for ready degradabilityand components have log Kow values greater than 6. However, they are not expected torepresent a long-term danger in the aquatic environment.No classification recommended; CONCAWE recommendation based on 18th ATP.


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PETROLEUM COKEDefinition:

Petroleum cokeGranular or needle like substances, basically carbon, obtained by the high temperaturedecomposition of heavy oil. May contain some high molecular weight hydrocarbons.


Acute Toxicity:No data available.No classification recommended.

Irritation:No data available.No classification recommended.

Sensitisation:No data available.No classification recommended.

Sub-Acute/Chronic Toxicity:Data available from chronic exposures by the inhalation route do not indicate the need toclassify.No classification recommended.

Mutagenicity:Available data show no evidence of mutagenic activity.No classification recommended.

Carcinogenicity:Dermal studies indicate that petroleum cokes are not carcinogenic.No classification recommended.


Environmental Effects:QSAR assessment of the toxicity of the substances in this group, based on theirhydrocarbon composition, indicates that they would not be expected to cause acute toxicityto aquatic organisms.

Petroleum cokes are not expected to meet the criteria for ready degradability. The tracehydrocarbon components of petroleum cokes have values for log Kow greater than 6.However, based on their physico-chemical properties (i.e., negligible solubility), thesubstances in this group would not be expected to pose a long-term hazard to theenvironment.

No classification recommended.


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OTHER PETROLEUM GASESDefinition:

Refinery gasStreams obtained from various processes and containing C1 to C5 hydrocarbons, togetherwith significant concentrations of other gases, such as hydrogen, nitrogen, hydrogensulphide, carbon monoxide, etc.

Refinery gases differ from "petroleum gases" in containing significant concentrations of non-hydrocarbon constituents e.g. hydrogen sulphide, hydrogen, etc.

Since there are no data available to CONCAWE on the properties of any of the substancescoming under this heading, any assessment of the classification and labelling must be based onthe composition of the individual substances. Accordingly, advice is offered on four elements ofclassification. Some help may also be gained by inference from the "Petroleum Gases" Section.

Flammability:On the basis that the principal constituents are light hydrocarbons and other flammablegases, these substances are considered to be extremely flammable.Classification: Extremely Flammable, symbol F+ with R12; CONCAWE recommend-ation based on 18th ATP.

Acute ToxicityClassification will depend on the concentrations of toxic substances present e.g. if a gas isknown to contain more than 0.02% v/v hydrogen sulphide, it would need to be classified forits acute toxicity according to the concentration present.Classification: case-by-case basis.

Carcinogenicity:Classification will depend on the concentration of 1,3-butadiene present.Classification: Carcinogenic Category 2, symbol T and R45 unless there is evidencethat the 1,3-butadiene level is less than 0.1% m/m; Annex I entry in 21st ATP.

Environmental EffectsEnvironmental classification is based on data for major components. Refinery gases willrapidly volatilise from the aquatic environment and hence, acute and chronic effects wouldnot be expected in practice.No classification recommended; CONCAWE recommendation based on 18th ATP.

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CLASSIFICATION

Extremely FlammableCarcinogenic Category 2*

LABELLING

Symbols: F+ , T*Indications of Danger:EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE

R Phrases:R12: Extremely Flammable.R45*: May cause cancer.

S Phrases (R45 applicable)

S53(obligatory): Avoid exposure – obtain special instructions before use.S45(obligatory): In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice

immediately (show the label where possible).S9: Keep container in a well-ventilated place.S16: Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking.


[S2]: Keep out of the reach of children.S9: Keep container in a well-ventilated place.S16: Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking.

Other phrases:Restricted to professional users**

* Nota K applies, i.e. classify as a Category 2 carcinogen unless it can be shown thatthe 1,3-butadiene content is <0.1% m/m.


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Example label for hydrogen-rich gases (petroleum) containing either ≥≥≥≥ 0.1% m/m1,3-butadiene, or for which the 1,3-butadiene content is unknown

Refinery gas, EC No. 270-780-7

EXTREMELYFLAMMABLE

May cause cancer.

Avoid exposure – obtain special instructionsbefore use.In case of accident, or if you feel unwell, seekmedical advice immediately (show the label wherepossible).



Example label for gases (petroleum), amine system feed containing 2% m/m of hydrogensulphide and <0.1% m/m 1,3-butadiene

Refinery gas, EC No. 270-746-1

EXTREMELYFLAMMABLE

VERY TOXIC

Very toxic by inhalation.

[Keep locked up and out of the reach of children]Keep container tightly closed and in a wellventilated place.Keep away from sources of ignition – No smoking.In case of accident, or if you feel unwell, seekmedical advice immediately (show the label wherepossible).


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RECLAIM PETROLEUM SUBSTANCESDefinition:

Refinery reclaim substanceMiscellaneous hydrocarbon containing streams derived from a variety of refinery processesand which may be, or have been, reclaimed. This is a group of substances which will eitherbe disposed of as waste, or will be recycled to produce usable products.

There are no experimental data available to CONCAWE for the substances identified underthis group heading. As such, any decisions on the classification and labelling of particularsubstances will involve consideration of their chemical composition, processing history andthe known properties of the nearest analogous substances from other groups.

Summary of classification and labelling recommendations:



Environmental Effects:No general recommendations can be made. Suppliers must classify and label on acase-by-case basis.

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OTHER PETROLEUM SUBSTANCESDefinition:

Other petroleum substancesHydrocarbon streams which are either undefined, or which have broad compositions, suchthat they cannot be placed in any of the other groups.

This group contains substances having broad generic definitions, but for which there are noexperimental data available to CONCAWE.

As such, it is recommended that the classification and labelling of particular substancesshould be done on a case-by-case basis taking into account chemical composition,processing history and the known properties of related substances in other groups.

Summary of classification and labelling recommendations:



Environmental Effects:No general recommendations can be made. Suppliers must classify and label on acase-by-case basis.

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6. REFERENCES

1. CONCAWE (1985) Precautionary labelling of petroleum products in packages - alabelling system. Report No. 1/85. Brussels: CONCAWE

2. EU (1967) Council Directive of 27 June 1967 on the approximation of laws,regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packagingand labelling of dangerous substances (67/548/EEC). Official Journal of theEuropean Communities No. L196, 16.08.1967

3. EINECS (European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances) Annexto Official Journal of the European Communities C146A, Volumes I and II,15.06.1990

4. EU (1988) Council Directive of 7 June 1988 on the approximation of the laws,regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States relating to theclassification, packaging and labelling of dangerous preparations (88/379/EEC).Official Journal of the European Communities No. L187, 16.07.1988

5. EU (1999) Directive 1999/45/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of31 May 1999 concerning the approximation of the laws, regulations andadministrative provisions of the Member States relating to the classification,packaging and labelling of dangerous preparations. Official Journal of the EuropeanCommunities No. L200, 30.07.1999

6. EU (1992) Council Directive 92/32/EEC of 30 April 1992 amending for the 7th timeDirective 67/548/EEC on the approximation of the laws, regulations andadministrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling ofdangerous substances. Official Journal of the European Communities No. L154,05.06.1992

7. CONCAWE (1993) 7th amendment to EC dangerous substances directive -implications for the petroleum industry. Report No. 93/54. Brussels: CONCAWE

8. EU (1993) Commission Directive 93/21/EEC of 27 April 1993 adapting to technicalprogress for the 18th time Council Directive 67/548/EEC on the approximation of thelaws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification,packaging and labelling of dangerous substances. Official Journal of the EuropeanCommunities No. L110, 04.05.1993

9. EU (1994) Commission Directive 94/69/EC of 19 December 1994 adapting totechnical progress for the 21st time Council Directive 67/548/EEC on theapproximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to theclassification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances. Official Journal ofthe European Communities No. L381, 31.12.1994

10. EU (1998) Commission Directive 98/98/EC of 15 December 1998 adapting totechnical progress for the 25th time Council Directive 67/548/EEC on theapproximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to theclassification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances. Official Journal ofthe European Communities No. L355, 30.12.1998

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11. EU (2001) Commission Directive 2001/59/EC of 6 August 2001 adapting totechnical progress for the 28th time Council Directive 67/548/EEC on theapproximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to theclassification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances. Official Journal ofthe European Communities No. L225, 21.08.2001

12. CONCAWE (1995) The classification and labelling of petroleum substancesaccording to the EU dangerous substances directive. Report No. 95/59. Brussels:CONCAWE

13. EU (1996) Commission Directive 96/54/EC of 30 July 1996 adapting to technicalprogress for the 22nd time Council Directive 67/548/EC on the approximation of thelaws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification,packaging and labelling of dangerous substances. Official Journal of the EuropeanCommunities No. L248, 30.09.1996

14. CONCAWE (1998) Classification and labelling of petroleum substances accordingto the EU dangerous substances directive (revision 1). Report No. 98/54. Brussels:CONCAWE

15. EU (2000) Commission Directive 2000/33/EC of 25 April 2000 adapting to technicalprogress for the 27th time Council Directive 67/548/EC on the approximation oflaws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification,packaging and labelling of dangerous substances. Official Journal of the EuropeanCommunities No. L136, 08.06.2000

16. EU (1994) European Parliament and Council Directive 94/60/EC of 20 December1994 amending for the 14th time Directive 76/769/EEC on the approximation of thelaws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States relating torestrictions on the marketing and use of certain dangerous substances andpreparations. Official Journal of the European Communities No. L365, 31.12.1994

17. EU (1997) Directive 97/56/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20October 1997 amending for the 16th time Directive 76/769/EEC on theapproximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the MemberStates relating to restrictions on the marketing and use of certain dangeroussubstances and preparations. Official Journal of the European Communities No.L333, 04.12.1997

18. EU (1997) Commission Directive 97/64/EC of 10 November 1997 adapting totechnical progress for the 4th time Annex 1 to Council Directive 76/769/EEC on theapproximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the MemberStates relating to restrictions on the marketing and use of certain dangeroussubstances and preparations (lamp oils). Official Journal of the EuropeanCommunities No. L315, 19.11.1997

19. EU (1991) Commission Directive 91/155/EEC of 5 March 1991 defining and layingdown the detailed arrangements for the system of specific information relating todangerous preparations in implementation of Article 10 of Directive 88/379/EEC.Official Journal of the European Communities No. L76, 22.03.1991

20. EU (1993) Commission Directive 93/112/EEC of 10 December 1993 amendingCommission Directive 91/155/EEC defining and laying down detailed arrangementsfor the system of specific information relating to dangerous preparations inimplementation of Article 10 of Council Directive 88/379/EEC. Official Journal of theEuropean Communities No. L314, 16.12.1993

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21. EU (2001) Commission Directive 2001/58/EC of 27 July 2001 amending for thesecond time Directive 91/155/EEC defining and laying down the detailedarrangements for the system of specific information relating to dangerouspreparations in implementation of Article 14 of European Parliament and CouncilDirective 1999/45/EC and relating to dangerous substances in implementation ofArticle 27 of Council Directive 67/548/EEC (safety data sheets). Official Journal ofthe European Communities No. L212, 07.08.2001

22. EU (1993) Commission Directive 93/72/EEC of 1 September 1993 adapting totechnical progress for the 19th time Council Directive 67/548/EEC on theapproximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to theclassification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances. Official Journal ofthe European Communities No. L258, 16.10.1993

23. EU (1994) Commission Directive 93/101/EEC of 11 November 1993 adapting totechnical progress for the 20th time Council Directive 67/548/EEC on theapproximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to theclassification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances. Official Journal ofthe European Communities No. L13, 15.01.1994

24. EU (1992) Annex to Commission Directive 92/69/EEC of 31 July 1992 adapting totechnical progress for the 17th time Council Directive 67/548/EEC on theapproximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to theclassification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances. Official Journal ofthe European Communities No. L383A, 29.12.1992

25. EU (1988) Commission Directive 87/302/EEC of 18 November 1987 adapting totechnical progress for the ninth time Council Directive 67/548/EEC on theapproximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to theclassification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances. Official Journal ofthe European Communities No. L133, 30.05.1988

26. EU (1999) Study on the comprehensibility of labels based on Directive 88/379/EECon dangerous preparations. Brussels: European Union

27. EU (2000) Commission Directive 2000/32/EC of 19 May 2000 adapting to technicalprogress for the 26h time Council Directive 67/548/EEC on the approximation of thelaws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification,packaging and labelling of dangerous substances. Official Journal of the EuropeanCommunities No. L136, 08.06.2000

28. IBN/BIN (1998) Packaging – tactile warnings of danger – requirements (ISO11683:1997). NBN EN ISO 11683. Brussels: Institut Belge de Normalisation

29. CONCAWE (1988) Management brief on the implications of the EEC dangerouspreparations directive for petroleum product suppliers. Report No. 88/55. Brussels:CONCAWE

30. CONCAWE (2000) Revised dangerous preparations directive (1999/45/EC) --implications for petroleum products. Report No. 00/56. Brussels: CONCAWE

31. EU (1993) Council Regulation (EEC) No. 793/93 of 23 March 1993 on theevaluation and control of the risks of existing substances. Official Journal of theEuropean Communities No. L84, 05.04.1993

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32. Gerarde, H.W. (1963) Toxicological studies on hydrocarbons. IX. The aspirationhazard and toxicity of hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon mixtures. Arch EnvironHealth 6, 329-341

33. European Chemicals Bureau (1997) Summary record of the Commission WorkingGroup on the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances:environmental effects. Doc. No. ECBI/50/96. Workshop December 3-5, 1996, Arona

34. CONCAWE (2001) Environmental classification of petroleum substances –summary data and rationale. Report No. 01/54. Brussels: CONCAWE

35. CONCAWE (1992) Ecotoxicological testing of petroleum products: testmethodology. Report No. 92/56. Brussels: CONCAWE

36. EU (1996) Directive 96/56/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 3September 1996 amending Directive 67/548/EEC on the approximation of laws,regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification and labellingof dangerous substances. Official Journal of the European Communities No. L236,18.09.1996

37. EU (1997) Commission Directive 97/69/EC of 5 December 1997 adapting totechnical progress for the 23rd time Council Directive 67/548/EEC on theapproximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to theclassification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances. Official Journal ofthe European Communities No. L343, 13.12.1997

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APPENDIX 1

EXTRACT FROM DIRECTIVE 2001/59/EC (28TH ATP OF THE DANGEROUSSUBSTANCES DIRECTIVE)

ANNEX 6

ANNEX VI

GENERAL CLASSIFICATION AND LABELLING REQUIREMENTS FOR DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES ANDPREPARATIONS

Contents

1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION

2. CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES

2.1. Introduction

2.2. Criteria for classification, choice of symbols, indication of danger, choice of risk phrases

2.2.1. Explosive

2.2.2. Oxidising

2.2.3. Extremely flammable

2.2.4. Highly flammable

2.2.5. Flammable

2.2.6. Other physico-chemical properties

3. CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF TOXICOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

3.1. Introduction


3.2.1. Very toxic

3.2.2. Toxic

3.2.3. Harmful

3.2.4. Comments regarding the use of R48

3.2.5. Corrosive

3.2.6. Irritant

3.2.7. Sensitisation

3.2.8. Other toxicological properties

4. CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF SPECIFIC EFFECTS ON HUMAN HEALTH

4.1. Introduction

4.2. Criteria for classification, indication of danger, choice of risk phrases

4.2.1. Carcinogenic substances

4.2.2. Mutagenic substances

4.2.3. Substances toxic to reproduction

4.2.4. Procedure for the classification of preparations concerning specific effects on health

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5. CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS

5.1. Introduction


5.2.1. Aquatic environment

5.2.2. Non-aquatic environment

6. CHOICE OF SAFETY ADVICE PHRASES

6.1. Introduction

6.2. Safety phrases for substances and preparations

7. LABELLING

8. SPECIAL CASES: Substances

8.1. Mobile gas cylinders

8.2. Gas containers intended for propane, butane or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)

8.3. Metals in massive form

8.4. Substances classified with R65

9. SPECIAL CASES: Preparations

9.1. Gaseous preparations (gas mixtures)

9.2. Gas containers intended for preparations containing stenched propane, butane or liquefied petroleumgas (LPG)

9.3. Alloys, preparations containing polymers, preparations containing elastomers

9.4. Preparations classified with R65

9.5. Organic peroxides

9.6. Additional labelling requirements for certain preparations

COMMISSION STATEMENT

1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION

1.1. The object of classification is to identify all the physico-chemical, toxicological and ecotoxicological propertiesof substances and preparations which may constitute a risk during normal handling or use. Having identifiedany hazardous properties, the substance or preparation must then be labelled to indicate the hazard(s) inorder to protect the user, the general public and the environment.

1.2. This Annex sets out the general principles governing the classification and labelling of substances andpreparations referred to in Article 4 of this Directive and in Article 4 of Directive 1999/45/EC and otherrelevant Directives on dangerous preparations.

It is addressed to all those concerned (manufacturers, importers, national authorities) with methods ofclassifying and labelling dangerous substances and preparations.

1.3. The requirements of this Directive and of Directive 1999/45/EC are intended to provide a primary means bywhich the general public and persons at work are given essential information about dangerous substances andpreparations. The label draws the attention of persons handling or using substances and preparations to theinherent danger of certain such materials.

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The label may also serve to draw attention to more comprehensive product information on safety and useavailable in other forms.

1.4. The label takes account of all potential hazards which are likely to be faced in the normal handling and use ofdangerous substances and preparations when in the form in which they are placed on the market, but notnecessarily in any different form in which they may finally be used, e.g. diluted. The most severe hazards arehighlighted by symbols, such hazards and those arising from other dangerous properties are specified instandard risk phrases, and safety phrases give advice on necessary precautions.

In the case of substances, the information is completed by the name of the substance under an internationallyrecognised chemical nomenclature, the preferred name being the one used in the European Inventory ofExisting Commercial Chemical Substances (Einecs), or in the European List of Notified Chemical Substances(Elincs), the EC number and the name, address and telephone number of the person established in theCommunity who is responsible for placing the substance on the market.

In the case of preparations, the information in accordance with Article 10(2) of Directive 1999/45/EC, iscompleted by:

� the trade name or the designation of the preparation,

� the chemical name of the substance or substances present in the preparation, and

� the name, full address and telephone number of the person established in the Community who isresponsible for placing the preparation on the market.

1.5. Article 6 requires that manufacturers, distributors and importers of dangerous substances which appear in theEinecs but which have not yet been introduced into Annex I shall be obliged to carry out an investigation tomake themselves aware of the relevant and accessible data which exist concerning the properties of suchsubstances. On the basis of this information, they shall package and provisionally label these substancesaccording to the rules laid down in Articles 22 to 25 and the criteria in this Annex.

1.6. Data required for classification and labelling

1.6.1. For substances the data required for classification and labelling may be obtained:

(a) as regards substances for which the information specified in Annex VII is required, most of the necessarydata for classification and labelling appear in the �base set�. This classification and labelling must bereviewed, if necessary, when further information is available (Annex VIII);

(b) as regards other substances (e.g. those referred to in section 1.5), the data required for classification andlabelling may, if necessary, be obtained from a number of different sources, for example:

� the results of previous tests,

� information required by international rules on the transport of dangerous substances,

� information taken from reference works and the literature, or

� information derived from practical experience.

The results of validated structure-activity relationships and expert judgement may also be taken intoaccount where appropriate.

1.6.2. For preparations, normally the data required for classification and labelling may be obtained:

(a) if it concerns physicochemical data, by the application of the methods specified in Annex V. This appliesalso to preparations covered by Directive 91/414/EEC unless other internationally recognised methods areacceptable in accordance with the provisions of Annexes II and III to Directive 91/414/EEC (Article 5(5)of Directive 1999/45/EC). For gaseous preparations a calculation method may be used for flammable andoxidising properties (see 9.1.1.1 and 9.1.1.2). For non-gaseous preparations containing organic peroxidesa calculation method may be used for oxidising properties (see 2.2.2.1);


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(b) if it concerns data on health effects:

� by the application of the methods specified in Annex V, unless, in the case of plant protectionproducts, other internationally recognised methods are acceptable in accordance with the provisionsof Annexes II and III to Directive 91/414/EEC (Article 6(1) (b) of Directive 1999/45/EC),

� and/or by the application of a conventional method referred to in Article 6 of and Annex II, PartsA.1-6 and B.1-5, to Directive 1999/45/EC, or,

� in the case of R65, by the application of the rules under 3.2.3,

� however, if it concerns the evaluation of the carcinogenic, mutagenic and reproductive toxicityproperties, by the application of a conventional method referred to in Article 6 of and Annex II, PartsA.7-9 and B.6, to Directive 1999/45/EC;

(c) if it concerns data on ecotoxicological properties:

(i) for aquatic toxicity only:

� by the application of the methods specified in Annex V, subject to the conditions referred to inAnnex III, Part C, to Directive 1999/45/EC, unless, in the case of plant protection products, otherinternationally recognised methods are acceptable in accordance with the provisions of AnnexesII and III to Directive 91/414/EEC (Article 7(1)(b) of Directive 1999/45/EC), or

� by application of a conventional method referred to in Article 7 of and Annex III, Parts A and B,to Directive 1999/45/EC;

(ii) for the evaluation of the potential for (or actual) bioaccumulation through the determination of logPow (or BCF), or the evaluation of degradability, by application of a conventional method referred toin Article 7 of and Annex III, Parts A and B, to Directive 1999/45/EC;

(iii) for dangers of the ozone layer by application of a conventional method referred to in Article 7 ofand Annex III, Parts A and B, to Directive 1999/45/EC.

Note concerning the performance of animal tests:

The performance of animal tests to establish experimental data is subject to the provisions of Directive86/609/EEC regarding the protection of animals used for experimental purposes.

Note concerning physicochemical properties:

For organic peroxides and organic peroxide preparations data may be derived from the calculation method setout in section 9.5. For gaseous preparations a calculation method may be used for flammable and oxidisingproperties (see section 9).

1.7. Application of the guide criteria

Classification must cover the physicochemical, toxicological and ecotoxicological properties of substances andpreparations.

Classification of substances and preparations is made according to section 1.6, on the basis of the criteria insections 2 to 5 (substances) and sections 2, 3, 4.2.4 and 5 of this Annex. All types of hazard must beconsidered. For instance, classification under 3.2.1 does not imply that the sections such as 3.2.2 or 3.2.4 canbe ignored.

The choice of symbol(s) and risk phrase(s) is made on the basis of the classification in order to ensure that thespecific nature of the potential dangers identified in classification is expressed on the label.

Notwithstanding the criteria given under 2.2.3, 2.2.4 and 2.2.5, substances and preparations in the form ofaerosols shall be subject to the provisions of Directive 75/324/EEC as amended and adapted to technicalprogress.


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1.7.1. Definitions

�Substances� means chemical elements and their compounds in the natural state or obtained by any productionprocess, including any additive necessary to preserve the stability of the product, and any impurity derivingfrom the production process used, but excluding any solvent which may be separated without affecting thestability of the substance or changing its composition.

A substance may be chemically very well defined (e.g. acetone) or a complex mixture of constituents ofvariable composition (e.g. aromatic distillates). For certain complex substances, some individual constituentshave been identified.

�Preparations� means mixtures or solutions composed of two or more substances.

1.7.2. Application of the guide criteria for substances

The guidance criteria set out in this Annex are directly applicable when the data in question have beenobtained from test methods comparable with those described in Annex V. In other cases, the available datamust be evaluated by comparing the test methods employed with those indicated in Annex V and the rulesspecified in this Annex for determining the appropriate classification and labelling.

In some cases there may be doubt over the application of the relevant criteria, especially where these requirethe use of expert judgement. In such cases the manufacturer, distributor or importer should provisionallyclassify and label the substance on the basis of an assessment of the evidence by a competent person.

Without prejudice to Article 6, where the above procedure has been followed and there is concern overpossible inconsistencies then a proposal may be submitted for the entry of the provisional classification intoAnnex I. The proposal should be made to one of the Member States and should be accompanied byappropriate scientific data (see also section 4.1).

A similar procedure may be followed when information is identified which gives cause for concern over theaccuracy of an existing entry in Annex I.

1.7.2.1. Classification of substances containing impurities, additives or individual constituents

Where impurities, additives or individual constituents of substances have been identified, they shall be takeninto account if their concentration is greater than or equal to the limits specified:

� 0,1 % for substances classified as very toxic, toxic, carcinogenic (category 1 or 2), mutagenic (category 1or 2), toxic to reproduction (category 1 or 2), or dangerous for the environment (assigned the symbol �N�for the aquatic environment, dangerous for the ozone layer),

� 1 % for substances classified as harmful, corrosive, irritant sensitising, carcinogenic (category 3),mutagenic (category 3), toxic to reproduction (category 3), or dangerous for the environment (notassigned the symbol �N�, i.e. harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects),

unless lower values have been specified in Annex I.

With the exception of substances listed specifically in Annex I, classification should be carried out accordingto the requirements of Articles 5, 6 and 7 of Council Directive 1999/45/EC.

In the case of asbestos (650-013-00-6) this general rule does not apply until a concentration limit has beenfixed in Annex I. Substances in which asbestos is present must be classified and labelled according to theprinciples in Article 6 of this Directive.

1.7.3. Application of the guide criteria for preparations

The guidance criteria set out in this Annex are directly applicable when the data in question have beenobtained from test methods comparable with those described in Annex V with the exception of the criteria ofsection 4 for which only the conventional method is applicable. A conventional method is also applicable inrelation to the criteria of section 5, with the exception of aquatic toxicity, subject to the conditions referred to


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in Annex III, Part C, to Directive 1999/45/EC. For preparations covered by Directive 91/414/EEC data forclassification and labelling are also acceptable from other internationally recognised methods (see specialprovisions in section 1.6 of this Annex). In other cases, the available data must be evaluated by comparing thetest methods employed with those indicated in Annex V and the rules specified in this Annex for determiningthe appropriate classification and labelling.

Where the health and environmental hazards are assessed by applying a conventional method referred to inArticles 6 and 7 and Annexes II and III to Directive 1999/45/EC the individual concentration limits to be usedare those set out either:

� in Annex I to this Directive, or

� in Annex II, Part B, and/or Annex III, Part B, to Directive 1999/45/EC where the substance or substancesdo not appear in Annex I to this Directive or appear in it without concentration limits.

In the case of preparations containing mixtures of gases, classification with respect to the health andenvironmental effects will be established by the calculation method on the basis of the individualconcentration limits from Annex I to this Directive or when these limits are not in Annex I on the basis ofthe criteria of Annexes II and III to Directive 1999/45/EC.

1.7.3.1. Preparations or substances described in section 1.7.2.1 used as constituents of another preparation

The labelling of such preparations must be in conformity with the provisions of Article 10 according to theprinciples set out in Articles 3 and 4 of Directive 1999/45/EC. However, in certain cases, the information onthe label of the preparation or substance described in section 1.7.2.1 is insufficient to enable othermanufacturers who wish to use it as a constituent of their own preparation(s) to carry out the classificationand labelling of their preparation(s) correctly.

In these cases, the person established within the Community responsible for placing the original preparationor substance described in section 1.7.2.1 on the market, whether it be the manufacturer, the importer or thedistributor shall supply upon justified request and as soon as possible all necessary data concerning thedangerous substances present to enable correct classification and labelling of the new preparation. This data isalso necessary to enable the person responsible for placing the new preparation on the market to comply withother requirements of Directive 1999/45/EC.

2. CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES

2.1. Introduction

The test methods relating to explosive, oxidising and flammable properties included in Annex V serve to givespecific meaning to the general definitions given in Article 2(2)(a) to (e). Criteria follow directly from the testmethods in Annex V as far as they are mentioned.

If adequate information is available to demonstrate in practice that the physico-chemical properties ofsubstances and preparations (apart from organic peroxides) are different from those revealed by the testmethods given in Annex V, then such substances and preparations should be classified according to thehazard they present, if any, to those handling the substances and preparations or to other persons.

2.2. Criteria for classification, choice of symbols, indication of danger and choice of risk phrases

In the case of preparations, the criteria referred to in Article 5 of Directive 1999/45/EC need to be taken intoconsideration.

2.2.1. Explosive

Substances and preparations shall be classified as explosive and assigned the symbol �E� and the indication ofdanger �explosive� in accordance with the results of the tests given in Annex V and in so far as the substances


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and preparations are explosive as placed on the market. One risk phrase is obligatory, it is to be specified onthe basis of the following:

R2 Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition

� Substances and preparations except those set out below.

R3 Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other source of ignition

� Substances and preparations which are particularly sensitive such as picric acid salts or PETN.

2.2.2. Oxidising

Substances and preparations shall be classified as oxidising and assigned the symbol �O� and the indication ofdanger �oxidising� in accordance with the results of the tests given in Annex V. One risk phrase is obligatory,it is to be specified on the basis of the test results but subject to the following:

R7 May cause fire

� Organic peroxides which have flammable properties even when not in contact with othercombustible material.

R8 Contact with combustible material may cause fire

� Other oxidising substances and preparations, including inorganic peroxides, which may cause fire orenhance the risk of fire when in contact with combustible material.

R9 Explosive when mixed with combustible material

� Other substances and preparations, including inorganic peroxides, which become explosive whenmixed with combustible materials, e.g. certain chlorates.

2.2.2.1. Remarks concerning peroxides

For the explosive properties, an organic peroxide or preparation thereof in the form in which it is placed onthe market is classified according to the criteria in section 2.2.1 on the basis of tests carried out in accordancewith the methods given in Annex V.

For the oxidising properties the existing methods in Annex V cannot be applied to organic peroxides.

For substances, organic peroxides not already classified as explosive are classified as dangerous on the basis oftheir structure (e.g. R-O-O-H; R1-O-O-R2).

Preparations not already classified as explosive shall be classified using the calculation method based on thepercentage of active oxygen shown in section 9.5.

Any organic peroxide or preparation thereof not already classified as explosive is classified as oxidising, if theperoxide or its formulation contains:

� more than 5 % of organic peroxides, or

� more than 0,5 % available oxygen from the organic peroxides, and more than 5 % hydrogen peroxide.

2.2.3. Extremely flammable

Substances and preparations shall be classified as extremely flammable and assigned the symbol �F+� and theindication of danger �extremely flammable� in accordance with the results of the tests given in Annex V. Therisk phrase shall be assigned in accordance with the following criteria:

R12 Extremely flammable

� Liquid substances and preparations which have a flash point lower than 0 °C and a boiling point (orin case of a boiling range the initial boiling point) lower than or equal to 35 °C.

� Gaseous substances and preparations which are flammable in contact with air at ambienttemperature and pressure.


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2.2.4. Highly flammable

Substances and preparations shall be classified as highly flammable and assigned the symbol �F� and theindication of danger �highly flammable� in accordance with the results of the tests given in Annex V. Riskphrases shall be assigned in accordance with the following criteria:

R11 Highly flammable

� Solid substances and preparations which may readily catch fire after brief contact with a source ofignition and which continue to burn or to be consumed after removal of the source of ignition.

� Liquid substances and preparations having a flash point below 21 °C but which are not extremelyflammable.

R15 Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases

� Substances and preparations which, in contact with water or damp air, evolve extremely flammablegases in dangerous quantities, at a minimum rate of 1 litre per kilogram per hour.

R17 Spontaneously flammable in air

� Substances and preparations which may become hot and finally catch fire in contact with air atambient temperature without any input of energy.

2.2.5. Flammable

Substances and preparations shall be classified as flammable in accordance with the results of the tests givenin Annex V. The risk phrase shall be assigned in accordance with the criteria mentioned below.

R10 Flammable

� Liquid substances and preparations having a flash point equal to or greater than 21 °C, and less thanor equal to 55 °C.

However, in practice it has been shown that a preparation having a flash point equal to or greater than 21 °Cand less than or equal to 55 °C need not be classified as flammable if the preparation could not in any waysupport combustion and only so long as there is no reason to fear risks to those handling these preparationsor to other persons.

2.2.6. Other physico-chemical properties

Additional risk phrases shall be assigned to substances and preparations which have been classified by virtueof sections 2.2.1 to 2.2.5 or by sections 3, 4 and 5, in accordance with the following criteria (based onexperience obtained during compilation of Annex I):

R1 Explosive when dry

For explosive substances and preparations put on the market in solution or in a wetted form, e.g.nitrocellulose with more than 12,6 % nitrogen.

R4 Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds

For substances and preparations which may form sensitive explosive metallic derivatives, e.g. picric acid,styphnic acid.

R5 Heating may cause an explosion

For thermally unstable substances and preparations not classified as explosive, e.g. perchloric acid> 50 %.

R6 Explosive with or without contact with air

For substances and preparations which are unstable at ambient temperatures, e.g. acetylene.


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R7 May cause fire

For reactive substances and preparations, e.g. fluorine, sodium hydrosulphite.

R14 Reacts violently with water

For substances and preparations which react violently with water, e.g. acetyl chloride, alkali metals,titanium tetrachloride.

R16 Explosive when mixed with oxidising substances

For substances and preparations which react explosively with an oxidising agent, e.g. red phosphorus.

R18 In use, may form flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture

For preparations not in themselves classified as flammable, which contain volatile components which areflammable in air.

R19 May form explosive peroxides

For substances and preparations which may form explosive peroxides during storage, e.g. diethyl ether,1,4-dioxan.

R30 Can become highly flammable in use

For preparations not in themselves classified as flammable, which may become flammable due to the lossof non-flammable volatile components.

R44 Risk of explosion if heated under confinement

For substances and preparations not in themselves classified as explosive in accordance with section 2.2.1above but which may nevertheless display explosive properties in practice if heated under sufficientconfinement. For example, certain substances which would decompose explosively if heated in a steeldrum do not show this effect if heated in less-strong containers.

For other additional risk phrases see section 3.2.8.

3. CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF TOXICOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

3.1. Introduction

3.1.1. Classification is concerned with both the acute and long-term effects of substances and preparations, whetherresulting from a single instance of exposure or repeated or prolonged exposure.

Where it can be demonstrated by epidemiological studies, by scientifically valid case studies as specified in thisAnnex or by statistically backed experience, such as the assessment of data from poison information units orconcerning occupational diseases, that toxicological effects on man differ from those suggested by theapplication of the methods outlined in section 1.6 of this Annex, then the substance or preparation shall beclassified according to its effects on man. However, tests on man should be discouraged and should notnormally be used to negate positive animal data.

Directive 86/609/EEC seeks to protect animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes. For severalendpoints there are validated in vitro test methods in Annex V to this Directive and these tests should be usedwhere appropriate.

3.1.2. The classification of substances must be made on the basis of the experimental data available in accordancewith the following criteria which take into account the magnitude of these effects:

(a) for acute toxicity (lethal and irreversible effects after a single exposure), the criteria under sections 3.2.1to 3.2.3 are to be used;

(b) for subacute, subchronic or chronic toxicity the criteria under sections 3.2.2 to 3.2.4 are to be used;


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(c) for corrosive and irritant effects the criteria under sections 3.2.5 and 3.2.6 are to be used;

(d) for sensitising effects the criteria under section 3.2.7 are to be used;

(e) for specific effects on health (carcinogenicity, mutagenicity and reproductive toxicity), the criteria insection 4 are to be used.

3.1.3. For preparations, the classification relating to dangerous for health is carried out:

(a) on the basis of a conventional method referred to in Article 6 of and Annex II to Directive 1999/45/ECin the absence of experimental data. In this case, the classification is based on the individualconcentration limits:

� either taken from Annex I to this Directive, or

� from Annex II, Part B, to Directive 1999/45/EC where the substance or substances do not appear inAnnex I to this Directive or appear in it without concentration limits;

(b) or when experimental data are available, according to the criteria described under section 3.1.2 excludingthe carcinogenic, mutagenic and toxic to reproduction properties referred to under 3.1.2(e) which mustbe evaluated by a conventional method referred to in Article 6 of and Annex II, Parts A.7-9 and B.6, toDirective 1999/45/EC.

Note: Without prejudice to requirements of Directive 91/414/EEC, only where it can be scientificallydemonstrated by the person responsible for placing the preparation on the market that the toxicologicalproperties of the preparation cannot correctly be determined by the method outlined in paragraph 3.1.3(a), oron the basis of existing test results on animals, the methods outlined in paragraph 3.1.3(b) may be used,provided they are justified or specifically authorised under Article 12 of Directive 86/609/EEC.

Whichever method is used for the evaluation of the danger of a preparation, all the dangerous effects onhealth as defined in Annex II, Part B, to Directive 1999/45/EC must be taken into consideration.

3.1.4. When the classification is to be established from experimental results obtained in animal tests the resultsshould have validity for man in that the tests reflect, in an appropriate way, the risks to man.

3.1.5. The acute oral toxicity of substances or preparations placed on the market may be established either by amethod permitting assessment of the LD50 value, or by determining the discriminating dose (the fixed dosemethod, or by determining the range of exposure where lethality is expected (the acute toxic class method).

3.1.5.1. The discriminating dose is the dose which causes evident toxicity but not mortality and must be one of thefour dosage levels specified in Annex V (5, 50, 500 or 2 000 mg per kg body weight).

The concept �evident toxicity� is used to designate toxic effects, after exposure to the substance tested, whichare so severe that exposure to the next highest fixed dose would probably lead to mortality.

The results of testing at a particular dose following the fixed dose method may be either:

� less than 100 % survival,

� 100 % survival, but evident toxicity,

� 100 % survival, but no evident toxicity.

In the criteria in sections 3.2.1, 3.2.2 and 3.2.3 only the final test result is shown. The 2 000 mg/kg doseshould be used primarily to obtain information on the toxic effects of substances which are of low acutetoxicity and which are not classified on the basis of acute toxicity.

The fixed dose method requires in some cases testing at higher or lower doses, if not already tested at therelevant dose level. Refer also to the evaluation table in test method B.1 bis.

3.1.5.2. The range of exposure where lethality is expected is derived from the observed absence or presence ofsubstance related mortality following the acute toxic class method. For initial testing one of three fixedstarting doses (25, 200 or 2 000 mg per kg body weight) is used.


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The acute toxic class method requires in some cases testing at higher or lower doses, if not already tested atthe relevant dose level. Refer also to the test procedure flow charts in test method B.1 ter of Annex V.


3.2.1. Very toxic

Substances and preparations shall be classified as very toxic, and assigned the symbol �T+� and indication ofdanger �very toxic� in accordance with the criteria specified below.

Risk phrases shall be assigned in accordance with the following criteria:

R28 Very toxic if swallowed

Acute toxicity results:

� LD50 oral, rat Ä 25 mg/kg,

� less than 100 % survival at 5 mg/kg oral, rat by the fixed dose procedure, or

� high mortality at doses Ä 25 mg/kg oral, rat, by the acute toxic class method (for test resultinterpretation see flow charts in Appendix 2 to test method B.1 ter of Annex V).

R27 Very toxic in contact with skin


� LD50 dermal, rat or rabbit: Ä 50 mg/kg.

R26 Very toxic by inhalation


� LC50 inhalation, rat, for aerosols or particulates: Ä 0,25 mg/litre/4h,

� LC50 inhalation, rat, for gases and vapours: Ä 0,5 mg/litre/4h.

R39 Danger of very serious irreversible effects

� Strong evidence that irreversible damage other than the effects referred to in section 4 is likely to becaused by a single exposure by an appropriate route, generally in the above-mentioned dose range.

In order to indicate the route of administration/exposure one of the following combinations shall beused: R39/26, R39/27, R39/28, R39/26/27, R39/26/28, R39/27/28, R39/26/27/28.

3.2.2. Toxic

Substances and preparations shall be classified as toxic and assigned the symbol �T� and the indication ofdanger �toxic� in accordance with the criteria specified below. Risk phrases shall be assigned in accordancewith the following criteria.

R25 Toxic if swallowed


� LD50 oral, rat: 25 < LD50 Ä 200 mg/kg,

� discriminating dose, oral, rat, 5 mg/kg: 100 % survival but evident toxicity, or

� high mortality in the dose range > 25 to Ä 200 mg/kg oral, rat, by the acute toxic class method (fortest result interpretation see flow charts in Appendix 2 to test method B.1 ter of Annex V).

R24 Toxic in contact with skin


� LD50 dermal, rat or rabbit: 50 < LD50 Ä 400 mg/kg.


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R23 Toxic by inhalation


� LC50 inhalation, rat, for aerosols or particulates: 0,25 < LC50 Ä 1 mg/litre/4h,

� LC50 inhalation, rat, for gases and vapours: 0,5 < LC50 Ä 2 mg/litre/4h.

R39 Danger of very serious irreversible effects

� strong evidence that irreversible damage other than the effects referred to in section 4 is likely to becaused by a single exposure by an appropriate route, generally in the above-mentioned dose range.


R48 Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure

� serious damage (clear functional disturbance or morphological change which have toxicologicalsignificance) is likely to be caused by repeated or prolonged exposure by an appropriate route.

Substances and preparations are classified at least as toxic when these effects are observed at levels ofone order of magnitude lower (i.e. 10-fold) than those set out for R48 in section 3.2.3.


3.2.3. Harmful

Substances and preparations shall be classified as harmful and assigned the symbol �Xn� and the indication ofdanger �harmful� in accordance with the criteria specified below. Risk phrases shall be assigned in accordancewith the following criteria:

R22 Harmful if swallowed


� LD50 per oral, rat: 200 < LD50 Ä 2 000 mg/kg,

� discriminating dose, oral, rat, 50 mg/kg: 100 % survival but evident toxicity,

� less than 100 % survival at 500 mg/kg, rat oral by the fixed dose procedure. Refer to the evaluationtable in the test method B.1 bis of Annex V, or

� high mortality in the dose range > 200 to Ä 2 000 mg/kg oral, rat, by the acute toxic class method(for test result interpretation see flow charts in Appendix 2 of test method B.1 ter of Annex V).

R21 Harmful in contact with skin


� LD50 dermal, rat or rabbit: 400 < LD50 Ä 2 000 mg/kg.

R20 Harmful by inhalation


� LC50 inhalation, rat, for aerosols or particulates: 1 < LC50 Ä 5 mg/litre/4h,

� LC50 inhalation, rat, for gases or vapours: 2 < LC50 Ä 20 mg/litre/4h.

R65 Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed

Liquid substances and preparations presenting an aspiration hazard in humans because of their lowviscosity:

(a) for substances and preparations containing aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons in a totalconcentration equal to or greater than 10 % and having either:


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� a flow time of less than 30 sec. in a 3 mm ISO cup according to ISO 2431 (April 1996/July1999 edition) relating to �Paints and varnishes � Determination of flow time by use of flowcups�,

� a kinematic viscosity measured by a calibrated glass capillary viscometer in accordance with ISO3104/3105 of less than 7 × 10¯6 m2/sec. at 40 °C (ISO 3104, 1994 edition, relating to�Petroleum products � Transparent and opaque liquids � Determination of kinematic viscosityand calculation of dynamic viscosity�; ISO 3105, 1994 edition, relating to �Glass capillarykinematic viscometers � Specifications and operating instructions�), or

� a kinematic viscosity derived from measurements of rotational viscometry in accordance withISO 3219 of less than 7 × 10¯6 m2/sec. at 40 °C (ISO 3219, 1993 edition, relating to �Plastics �Polymers/resins in the liquid state or as emulsions or dispersions � Determination of viscosityusing a rotational viscometer with defined shear rate�).

Note that substances and preparations meeting these criteria need not be classified if they have amean surface tension greater than 33 mN/m at 25 °C as measured by the du Nouy tensiometer orby the test methods shown in Annex V, Part A.5;

(b) for substances and preparations, based on practical experience in humans.

R68 Possible risk of irreversible effects

� strong evidence that irreversible damage other than the effects referred to in section 4 is likely to becaused by a single exposure by an appropriate route, generally in the above-mentioned dose range.

In order to indicate route of administration/exposure one of the following combinations shall be used:R68/20, R68/21, R68/22, R68/20/21, R68/20/22, R68/21/22, R68/20/21/22.

R48 Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure

� serious damage (clear functional disturbance or morphological change which has toxicologicalsignificance) is likely to be caused by repeated or prolonged exposure by an appropriate route.

Substances and preparations are classified at least as harmful when these effects are observed at levels ofthe order of:

� oral, rat Ä 50 mg/kg (bodyweight)/day,

� dermal, rat or rabbit Ä 100 mg/kg (bodyweight)/day,

� inhalation, rat Ä 0,25 mg/l, 6 h/day.

These guide values can apply directly when severe lesions have been observed in a subchronic (90 days)toxicity test. When interpreting the results of a subacute (28 days) toxicity test these figures should beincreased approximately threefold. If a chronic (two years) toxicity test is available it should be evaluated on acase-by-case basis. If results of studies of more than one duration are available, then those from the study ofthe longest duration should normally be used.

In order to indicate route of administration/exposure one of the following combinations shall be used:R48/20, R48/21, R48/22, R48/20/21, R48/20/22, R48/21/22, R48/20/21/22.

3.2.3.1. Comments regarding volatile substances

For certain substances with a high saturated vapour concentration evidence may be available to indicateeffects that give cause for concern. Such substances may not be classified under the criteria for health effectsin this guide (3.2.3) or not covered by section 3.2.8. However, where there is appropriate evidence that suchsubstances may present a risk in normal handling and use, then classification on a case-by-case basis in AnnexI may be necessary.

3.2.4. Comments regarding the use of R48

Use of this risk phrase refers to the specific range of biological effects within the terms described below. Forapplication of this risk phrase serious damage to health is to be considered to include death, clear functionaldisturbance or morphological changes which are toxicologically significant. It is particularly important when


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these changes are irreversible. It is also important to consider not only specific severe changes in a singleorgan or biological system but also generalised changes of a less severe nature involving several organs, orsevere changes in general health status.

When assessing whether there is evidence for these types of effects reference should be made to the followingguidelines:

1. Evidence indicating that R48 should be applied:

(a) substance-related deaths;

(b) (i) major functional changes in the central or peripheral nervous systems, including sight, hearingand the sense of smell, assessed by clinical observations or other appropriate methods (e.g.electrophysiology);

(ii) major functional changes in other organ systems (for example the lung);

(c) any consistent changes in clinical biochemistry, haematology or urinalysis parameters which indicatesevere organ dysfunction. Haematological disturbances are considered to be particularly important ifthe evidence suggests that they are due to decreased bone marrow production of blood cells;

(d) severe organ damage noted on microscopic examination following autopsy:

(i) widespread or severe necrosis, fibrosis or granuloma formation in vital organs with regenerativecapacity (e.g. liver);

(ii) severe morphological changes that are potentially reversible but are clear evidence of markedorgan dysfunction (e.g. severe fatty change in the liver, severe acute tubular nephrosis in thekidney, ulcerative gastritis); or

(iii) evidence of appreciable cell death in vital organs incapable of regeneration (e.g. fibrosis of themyocardium or dying back of a nerve) or in stem cell populations (e.g. aplasia or hypoplasia ofthe bone marrow).

The above evidence will most usually be obtained from animal experiments. When considering dataderived from practical experience special attention should be given to exposure levels.

2. Evidence indicating that R48 should not be applied:

The use of this risk phrase is restricted to �serious damage to health by prolonged exposure�. A numberof substance-related effects may be observed in both humans and animals that would not justify the useof R48. These effects are relevant when attempting to determine a no-effect level for a chemicalsubstance.

Examples of well-documented changes which would not normally justify classification with R48,irrespective of their statistical significance, include:

(a) clinical observations or changes in bodyweight gain, food consumption or water intake, which mayhave some toxicological importance but which do not, by themselves, indicate �serious damage�;

(b) small changes in clinical biochemistry, haematology or urinalysis parameters which are of doubtfulor minimal toxicological importance;

(c) changes in organ weights with no evidence of organ dysfunction;

(d) adaptative responses (e.g. macrophage migration in the lung, liver hypertrophy and enzymeinduction, hyperplastic responses to irritants). Local effects on the skin produced by repeated dermalapplication of a substance which are more appropriately classified with R38 �irritating to skin�; or

(e) where a species-specific mechanism of toxicity (e.g. specific metabolic pathways) has beendemonstrated.

3.2.5. Corrosive

The substance or preparation shall be classified as corrosive and assigned the symbol �C� and the indication ofdanger �corrosive� in accordance with the following criteria:

� a substance or a preparation is considered to be corrosive if, when it is applied to healthy intact animalskin, it produces full thickness destruction of skin tissue on at least one animal during the test for skinirritation cited in Annex V or during an equivalent method,


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� classification can be based on the results of a validated in vitro test, such as that cited in Annex V (B.40.Skin corrosion: rat skin transcutaneous electrical resistance assay and human skin model assay),

� a substance or a preparation should also be considered corrosive if the result can be predicted, forexample from strongly acid or alkaline reactions indicated by a pH of 2 or less or 11,5 or greater.However, where extreme pH is the basis for classification, acid/alkali reserve (1) may also be taken intoconsideration. If consideration of alkali/acid reserve suggests the substance or preparation may not becorrosive then further testing should be carried out to confirm this, preferably by use of an appropriatevalidated in vitro test. Consideration of acid/alkali reserve should not be used alone to exoneratesubstances or preparations from classification as corrosive.

Risk phrases shall be assigned in accordance with the following criteria:

R35 Causes severe burns

� if, when applied to healthy intact animal skin, full thickness destruction of skin tissue occurs as aresult of up to three minutes exposure, or if this result can be predicted.

R34 Causes burns

� if, when applied to healthy intact animal skin, full thickness destruction of skin tissue occurs as aresult of up to four hours exposure, or if this result can be predicted,

� organic hydroperoxides, except where evidence to the contrary is available.

Notes:

Where classification is based on results of a validated in vitro test R35 or R34 should be applied according tothe capacity of the test method to discriminate between these.

Where classification is based upon consideration of extreme pH alone, R35 should be applied.

3.2.6. Irritant

Substances and preparations shall be classified as irritant and assigned the symbol �Xi� and the indication ofdanger �irritant� in accordance with the criteria given below.

3.2.6.1. Inflammation of the skin

The following risk phrase shall be assigned in accordance with the criteria given:

R38 Irritating to skin

� Substances and preparations which cause significant inflammation of the skin which persists for atleast 24 hours after an exposure period of up to four hours determined on the rabbit according tothe cutaneous irritation test method cited in Annex V.

Inflammation of the skin is significant if:

(a) the mean value of the scores for either erythema and eschar formation or oedema formation,calculated over all the animals tested, is 2 or more; or

(b) in the case where the Annex V test has been completed using three animals, either erythemaand eschar formation or oedema formation equivalent to a mean value of 2 or more calculatedfor each animal separately has been observed in two or more animals.

In both cases all scores at each of the reading times (24, 48 and 72 hours) for an effect should beused in calculating respective mean values.

Inflammation of the skin is also significant if it persists in at least two animals at the end of theobservation time. Particular effects e.g. hyperplasia, scaling, discoloration, fissures, scabs and alopeciashould be taken into account.

(1) J. R. Young, M. J. How, A. P. Walker and W. M. H. Worth (1988), �Classification as corrosive or irritant to skin of preparationscontaining acidic or alkaline substances, without testing on animals�, Toxic. In Vitro 2(1): pp. 19-26.


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Relevant data may also be available from non-acute animal studies (see comments on R48, section2.d). These are considered significant if the effects seen are comparable to those described above.

� Substances and preparations which cause significant inflammation of the skin, based on practicalobservations in humans on immediate, prolonged or repeated contact.

� Organic peroxides, except where evidence to the contrary is available.

Paresthesia:

Paresthesia caused in humans by skin contact with pyrethroid pesticides is not regarded as an irritant effectjustifying classification as Xi; R38. The S-phrase S24 should however be applied for substances seen to causethis effect.

3.2.6.2. Ocular lesions

The following risk phrases shall also be assigned in accordance with the criteria given:

R36 Irritating to eyes

� Substances and preparations which, when applied to the eye of the animal, cause significant ocularlesions which occur within 72 hours after exposure and which persist for at least 24 hours.

Ocular lesions are significant if the mean scores of the eye irritation test cited in Annex V have any ofthe following values:

� cornea opacity equal to or greater than 2 but less than 3,

� iris lesion equal to or greater than 1 but not greater than 1,5,

� redness of the conjunctivae equal to or greater than 2,5,

� oedema of the conjunctivae (chemosis) equal to or greater than 2,

or, in the case where the Annex V test has been completed using three animals if the lesions, on two ormore animals, are equivalent to any of the above values except that for iris lesion the value should beequal to or greater than 1 but less than 2 and for redness of the conjunctivae the value should be equalto or greater than 2,5.

In both cases all scores at each of the reading times (24, 48 and 72 hours) for an effect should be usedin calculating the respective mean values.

� Substances or preparations which cause significant ocular lesions, based on practical experience inhumans.

� Organic peroxides except where evidence to the contrary is available.

R41 Risk of serious damage to eyes

� Substances and preparations which, when applied to the eye of the animal cause severe ocularlesions which occur within 72 hours after exposure and which persist for at least 24 hours.

Ocular lesions are severe if the means of the scores of the eye irritation test in Annex V have any of thevalues:

� cornea opacity equal to or greater than 3,

� iris lesion greater than 1,5.

The same shall be the case where the test has been completed using three animals if these lesions, ontwo or more animals, have any of the values:

� cornea opacity equal to or greater than 3,

� iris lesion equal to 2.

In both cases all scores at each of the reading times (24, 48 and 72 hours) for an effect should be usedin calculating the respective mean values.


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Ocular lesions are also severe when they are still present at the end of the observation time.

Ocular lesions are also severe if the substance or preparation causes irreversible colouration of the eyes.

� Substances and preparations which cause severe ocular lesions, based on practical experience in humans.

Note:

When a substance or preparation is classified as corrosive and assigned R34 or R35, the risk of severe damageto eyes is considered implicit and R41 is not included in the label.

3.2.6.3. Respiratory system irritation

The following risk phrase shall be assigned in accordance with the criteria given:

R37 Irritating to respiratory system

Substances and preparations which cause serious irritation to the respiratory system based on:

� practical observation in humans

� positive results from appropriate animal tests.

Comments regarding the use of R37:

In interpreting practical observations in humans, care should be taken to distinguish between effects whichlead to classification with R48 (see section 3.2.4) from those leading to classification with R37. Conditionsnormally leading to classification with R37 are reversible and usually limited to the upper airways.

Positive results from appropriate animal tests may include data obtained in a general toxicity test, includinghistopathological data from the respiratory system. Data from the measurement of experimental bradypneamay also be used to assess airway irritation.

3.2.7. Sensitisation

3.2.7.1. Sensitisation by inhalation

Substances and preparations shall be classified as sensitising and assigned the symbol �Xn�, the indication ofdanger �Harmful� and the risk phrase R42 in accordance with the criteria given below.

R42 May cause sensitisation by inhalation

� if there is evidence that the substance or preparation can induce specific respiratory hypersensitivity,

� where there are positive results from appropriate animal tests, or

� if the substance is an isocyanate, unless there is evidence that the specific isocyanate does not causerespiratory hypersensitivity.


Human evidence

Evidence that the substance or preparation can induce specific respiratory hypersensitivity will normallybe based on human experience. In this context hypersensitivity is normally seen as asthma, but otherhypersensitivity reactions such as rhinitis and alveolitis are also considered. The condition will have theclinical character of an allergic reaction. However, immunological mechanisms do not have to bedemonstrated.

When considering the evidence from human exposure, it is necessary for a decision on classification totake into account in addition to the evidence from the cases:

� the size of the population exposed,

� the extent of exposure.


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The evidence referred to above could be:

� clinical history and data from appropriate lung function tests related to exposure to the substance,confirmed by other supportive evidence which may include:

� a chemical structure related to substances known to cause respiratory hypersensitivity,

� an in vivo immunological test (e.g. skin prick test),

� an in vitro immunological test (e.g. serological analysis),

� studies indicating other specific but non-immunological mechanisms of action, e.g. repeatedlow-level irritation, pharmacologically mediated effects, or

� data from a positive bronchial challenge test with the substance conducted according toaccepted guidelines for the determination of a specific hypersensitivity reaction.

Clinical history should include both medical and occupational history to determine a relationshipbetween exposure to a specific substance or preparation and development of respiratory hypersensitivity.Relevant information includes aggravating factors both in the home and workplace, the onset andprogress of the disease, family history and medical history of the patient in question. The medical historyshould also include a note of other allergic or airway disorders from childhood, and smoking history.

The results of positive bronchial challenge tests are considered to provide sufficient evidence forclassification on their own. It is however recognised that in practice many of the examinations listedabove will already have been carried out.

Substances that elicit symptoms of asthma by irritation only in people with bronchial hyperreactivityshould not be assigned R42.

Animal studies

Data from tests which may be indicative of the potential of a substance or preparation to causesensitisation by inhalation in humans may include:

� IgE measurements (e.g. in mice), or

� specific pulmonary responses in guinea pigs.

3.2.7.2. Sensitisation by skin contact

Substances and preparations shall be classified as sensitising and assigned the symbol �Xi�, the indication ofdanger �Irritant� and the risk phrase R43 in accordance with the criteria given below:

R43 May cause sensitisation by skin contact

� if practical experience shows the substance or preparation to be capable of inducing a sensitisationby skin contact in a substantial number of persons, or

� where there are positive results from an appropriate animal test.


Human evidence

The following evidence (practical experience) is sufficient to classify a substance or preparation with R43:

� positive data from appropriate patch testing, normally in more than one dermatological clinic, or

� epidemiological studies showing allergic contacts dermatitis caused by the substance or preparation.Situations in which a high proportion of those exposed exhibit characteristic symptoms are to belooked at with special concern, even if the number of cases is small, or

� positive data from experimental studies in man (see also 3.1.1).

The following is sufficient to classify a substance with R43 when there is supportive evidence:

� isolated episodes of allergic contact dermatitis, or

� epidemiological studies where chance, bias or confounders have not been ruled out fully withreasonable confidence.


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Supportive evidence may include:

� data from animal tests performed according to existing guidelines, with a result that does not meetthe criteria given in the section on animal studies but is sufficiently close to the limit to beconsidered significant, or

� data from non-standard methods, or

� appropriate structure-activity relationships.

Animal studies

Positive results from appropriate animal tests are:

� in the case of the adjuvant type test method for skin sensitisation detailed in Annex V or in the caseof other adjuvant-type test methods, a response of at least 30 % of the animals is considered positive,

� for any other test method a response of at least 15 % of the animals is considered positive.

3.2.7.3. Immunological contact urticaria

Some substances or preparations, which meet the criteria for R42 may in addition cause immunologicalcontact urticaria. In these cases, information concerning contact urticaria should be included by the use ofappropriate S-phrases, usually S24 and S36/37, and in the safety data sheet.

For substances or preparations, which produce signs of immunological contact urticaria which do not fulfilthe criteria for R42, consideration should be given to classification with R43.

There is no recognised animal model available to identify substances which cause immunological contacturticaria. Therefore, classification will normally be based on human evidence which will be similar to that forskin sensitisation (R43).

3.2.8. Other toxicological properties

Additional risk phrases shall be assigned in accordance with the following criteria (based on experienceobtained during compilation of Annex I) to substances and preparations classified by virtue of 2.2.1 to 3.2.7and/or sections 4 and 5:

R29 Contact with water liberates toxic gas

For substances and preparations which in contact with water or damp air, evolve very toxic/toxic gasesin potentially dangerous amounts, e.g. aluminium phosphide, phosphorus pentasulphide.

R31 Contact with acids liberates toxic gas

For substances and preparations which react with acids to evolve toxic gases in dangerous amounts, e.g.sodium hypochlorite, barium polysulphide. For substances used by members of the general public, theuse of S50 (do not mix with � (to be specified by the manufacturer)) would be more suitable.

R32 Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas

For substances and preparations which react with acids to evolve very toxic gases in dangerous amounts;e.g. salts of hydrogen cyanide, sodium azide. For substances used by members of the general public, theuse of S50 (do not mix with � (to be specified by the manufacturer)) would be more suitable.

R33 Danger of cumulative effects

For substances and preparations when accumulation in the human body is likely and may cause someconcern which, however, is not sufficient to justify the use of R48.

For comments on the use of this R-phrase see section 4.2.3.3 for substances and Annex V, Part A.3, toDirective 1999/45/EC for preparations.

R64 May cause harm to breastfed babies

For substances and preparations which are absorbed by women and may interfere with lactation orwhich may be present (including metabolites) in breast milk in amounts sufficient to cause concern forthe health of a breastfed child.


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For comments on the use of this R-phrase see section 4.2.3.3 for substances and Annex V, Part A.4, toDirective 1999/45/EC for preparations.

R66 Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking

For substances and preparations which may cause concern as a result of skin dryness, flaking or crackingbut which do not meet the criteria for R38 based on either:

� practical observation after normal handling and use, or

� relevant evidence concerning their predicted effects on the skin.

See also sections 1.6 and 1.7.

R67 Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness

For volatile substances and preparations containing such substances which cause clear symptoms ofcentral nervous system depression by inhalation and which are not already classified with respect toacute inhalation toxicity (R20, R23, R26 , R68/20, R39/23 or R39/26).

The following evidence may be used:

(a) data from animal studies showing clear signs of CNS depression such as narcotic effects, lethargy,lack of coordination (including loss of righting reflex) and ataxia either:

� at concentrations/exposure times not exceeding 20 mg/l/4h or,

� for which the ratio of the effect concentration at Ä 4 h to the saturated vapour concentration(SVC) at 20 °C is Ä 1/10;

(b) practical experience in humans (e.g. narcosis, drowsiness, reduced alertness, loss of reflexes, lack ofcoordination, vertigo) from well documented reports under comparable exposure conditions to theeffects specified above for animals.

See also sections 1.6 and 1.7.

For other supplementary risk phrases, see section 2.2.6.

4. CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF SPECIFIC EFFECTS ON HUMAN HEALTH

4.1. Introduction

4.1.1. This chapter sets out the procedure for the classification of substances which may have the effects mentionedbelow. For preparations see section 4.2.4.

4.1.2. If a manufacturer, distributor or importer has information available which indicates that a substance should beclassified and labelled in accordance with the criteria given in section 4.2.1, 4.2.2 or 4.2.3, he shallprovisionally label the substance in accordance with these criteria, on the basis of the assessment of theevidence by a competent person.

4.1.3. The manufacturer, distributor or importer shall submit as soon as possible a document summarising allrelevant information to one Member State in which the substance is placed on the market. Relevantinformation in this context comprises in particular all available published and unpublished informationrequired for appropriate classification of the substance in question, on the basis of the intrinsic propertiesaccording to the categories laid down in Article 2(2) and in accordance with the criteria in this Annex. Thesubmitted summary document should include a bibliography containing all relevant references, including anyrelevant unpublished data.

4.1.4. Furthermore, a manufacturer, distributor or importer who has new data which are relevant to theclassification and labelling of a substance in accordance with the criteria given in section 4.2.1, 4.2.2 or 4.2.3,shall submit this data as soon as possible to one Member State in which the substance is placed on themarket.


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4.1.5. To obtain as quickly as possible a harmonised classification for the Community by the procedure defined inArticle 28 of this Directive, Member States which have relevant information available justifying theclassification of a substance in one of these categories, whether submitted by the manufacturer or not, shouldforward such information together with suggestions for classification and labelling, to the Commission assoon as possible.

The Commission will forward to the other Member States the classification and labelling proposal that itreceives. Any Member State may ask the Commission for the information it has received.

Any Member State which has good reason to believe that the suggested classification and labelling isinappropriate as far as the carcinogenic, mutagenic or reproductive toxicity effects are concerned shall notifythe Commission thereof.


4.2.1. Carcinogenic substances

For the purpose of classification and labelling, and having regard to the current state of knowledge, suchsubstances are divided into three categories:

Category 1

Substances known to be carcinogenic to man. There is sufficient evidence to establish a causal associationbetween human exposure to a substance and the development of cancer.

Category 2

Substances which should be regarded as if they are carcinogenic to man. There is sufficient evidence toprovide a strong presumption that human exposure to a substance may result in the development of cancer,generally on the basis of:

� appropriate long-term animal studies,

� other relevant information.

Category 3

Substances which cause concern for man owing to possible carcinogenic effects but in respect of which theavailable information is not adequate for making a satisfactory assessment. There is some evidence fromappropriate animal studies, but this is insufficient to place the substance in category 2.

4.2.1.1. The following symbols and specific risk phrases apply:

Categories 1 and 2:

Substances classified carcinogenic category 1 or 2 shall be assigned the symbol �T� and the risk phrase

R45 May cause cancer

However, substances and preparations which present a carcinogenic risk only when inhaled, for example, asdust, vapour or fumes, (other routes of exposure e.g. by swallowing or in contact with skin do not presentany carcinogenic risk), shall be assigned the symbol �T� and the risk phrase

R49 May cause cancer by inhalation

Categories 3:

Substances classified as carcinogenic category 3 shall be assigned the symbol �Xn� and the risk phrase

R40 Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect


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4.2.1.2. Comments regarding the categorisation of carcinogenic substances

The placing of a substance into category 1 is done on the basis of epidemiological data; placing intocategories 2 and 3 is based primarily on animal experiments.

For classification as a category 2 carcinogen either positive results in two animal species should be availableor clear positive evidence in one species, together with supporting evidence such as genotoxicity data,metabolic or biochemical studies, induction of benign tumours, structural relationship with other knowncarcinogens, or data from epidemiological studies suggesting an association.

Category 3 actually comprises 2 subcategories:

(a) substances which are well investigated but for which the evidence of a tumour-inducing effect isinsufficient for classification in category 2. Additional experiments would not be expected to yield furtherrelevant information with respect to classification;

(b) substances which are insufficiently investigated. The available date are inadequate, but they raise concernfor man. This classification is provisional; further experiments are necessary before a final decision can bemade.

For a distinction between categories 2 and 3 the arguments listed below are relevant which reduce thesignificance of experimental tumour induction in view of possible human exposure. These arguments,especially in combination, would lead in most cases to classification in category 3, even though tumours havebeen induced in animals:

� carcinogenic effects only at very high dose levels exceeding the �maximal tolerated dose�. The maximaltolerated dose is characterised by toxic effects which, although not yet reducing lifespan, go along withphysical changes such as about 10 % retardation in weight gain,

� appearance of tumours, especially at high dose levels, only in particular organs of certain species knownto be susceptible to a high spontaneous tumour formation,

� appearance of tumours, only at the site of application, in very sensitive test systems (e.g. i.p. or s.c.application of certain locally active compounds), if the particular target is not relevant to man,

� lack of genotoxicity in short-term tests in vivo and in vitro,

� existence of a secondary mechanism of action with the implication of a practical threshold above acertain dose level (e.g., hormonal effects on target organs or on mechanisms of physiological regulation,chronic stimulation of cell proliferation),

� existence of a species-specific mechanism of tumour formation (e.g. by specific metabolic pathways)irrelevant for man.

For a distinction between category 3 and no classification arguments are relevant which exclude a concern forman:

� a substance should not be classified in any of the categories if the mechanism of experimental tumourformation is clearly identified, with good evidence that this process cannot be extrapolated to man,

� if the only available tumour data are liver tumours in certain sensitive strains of mice, without any othersupplementary evidence, the substance may not be classified in any of the categories,

� particular attention should be paid to cases where the only available tumour data are the occurrence ofneoplasms at sites and in strains where they are well known to occur spontaneously with a highincidence.

4.2.2. Mutagenic substances

4.2.2.1. For the purposes of classification and labelling, and having regard to the current state of knowledge, suchsubstances are divided into three categories:


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Category 1

Substances known to be mutagenic to man.

There is sufficient evidence to establish a causal association between human exposure to a substance andheritable genetic damage.

Category 2

Substances which should be regarded as if they are mutagenic to man.

There is sufficient evidence to provide a strong presumption that human exposure to the substance may resultin the development of heritable genetic damage, generally on the basis of:

� appropriate animal studies,


Category 3

Substances which cause concern for man owing to possible mutagenic effects. There is evidence fromappropriate mutagenicity studies, but this is insufficient to place the substance in category 2.


Categories 1 and 2:

Substances classified as mutagenic category 1 or 2 shall be assigned the symbol �T� and the risk phrase

R46 May cause heritable genetic damage

Categories 3:

Substances classified as mutagenic category 3 shall be assigned the symbol �Xn� and the risk phrase

R68 Possible risk of irreversible effects.

4.2.2.3. Comments regarding the categorisation of mutagenic substances

Definition of terms:

A mutation is a permanent change in the amount or structure of the genetic material in an organism,resulting in a change of the phenotypic characteristics of the organism. The alterations may involve a singlegene, a block of genes, or a whole chromosome. Effects involving single genes may be a consequence ofeffects on single DNA bases (point mutations) or of large changes, including deletions, within the gene. Effectson whole chromosomes may involve structural or numerical changes. A mutation in the germ cells in sexuallyreproducing organisms may be transmitted to the offspring. A mutagen is an agent that gives rise to anenhanced occurrence of mutations.

It should be noted that substances are classified as mutagens with specific reference to inherited geneticdamage. However, the type of results leading to classification of chemicals in category 3: �induction ofgenetically relevant events in somatic cells� is generally also regarded as an alert for possible carcinogenicactivity.

Method development for mutagenicity testing is an ongoing process. For many new tests no standardisedprotocols and evaluation criteria are presently available. For the evaluation of mutagenicity data the quality ofthe test performance and the degree of validation of the test method have to be considered.

Category 1

To place a substance in category 1, positive evidence from human mutation epidemiology studies will beneeded. Examples of such substances are not known to date. It is recognised that it is extremely difficult to


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obtain reliable information from studies on the incidence of mutations in human populations, or on possibleincreases in their frequencies.

Category 2

To place a substance in category 2, positive results are needed from assays showing (a) mutagenic effects, or(b) other cellular interactions relevant to mutagenicity, in germ cells of mammals in vivo, or (c) mutageniceffects in somatic cells of mammals in vivo in combination with clear evidence that the substance or a relevantmetabolite reaches the germ cells.

With respect to placement in category 2, at present the following methods are appropriate:

2(a) In vivo germ cell mutagenicity assays:

� specific locus mutation test,

� heritable translocation test,

� dominant lethal mutation test.

These assays actually demonstrate the appearance of affected progeny or a defect in the developing embryo.

2(b) In vivo assays showing relevant interaction with germ cells (usually DNA):

� assays for chromosomal abnormalities, as detected by cytogenetic analysis, including aneuploidy,caused by malsegregation of chromosomes,

� test for sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs),

� test for unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS),

� assay of (covalent) binding of mutagen to germ cell DNA,

� assaying other kinds of DNA damage.

These assays provide evidence of a more or less indirect nature. Positive results in these assays wouldnormally be supported by positive results from in vivo somatic cell mutagenicity assays, in mammals or inman (see under category 3, preferably methods as under 3(a)).

2(c) In vivo assays showing mutagenic effects in somatic cells of mammals (see under 3(a)), in combinationwith toxicokinetic methods, or other methodologies capable of demonstrating that the compound or arelevant metabolite reaches the germ cells.

For 2(b) and 2(c), positive results from host-mediated assays or the demonstration of unequivocal effects in invitro assays can be considered as supporting evidence.

Category 3

To place a substance in category 3, positive results are needed in assays showing (a) mutagenic effects or (b)other cellular interaction relevant to mutagenicity, in somatic cells in mammals in vivo. The latter especiallywould normally be supported by positive results from in vitro mutagenicity assays.

For effects in somatic cells in vivo at present the following methods are appropriate:

3(a) In vivo somatic cell mutagenicity assays:

� bone marrow micronucleus test or metaphase analysis,

� metaphase analysis of peripheral lymphocytes,

� mouse coat colour spot test.


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3(b) In vivo somatic cell DNA interaction assays:

� test for SCEs in somatic cells,

� test for UDS in somatic cells,

� assay for the (covalent) binding of mutagen to somatic cell DNA,

� assay for DNA damage, e.g. by alkaline elution, in somatic cells.

Substances showing positive results only in one or more in vitro mutagenicity assays should normally not beclassified. Their further investigation using in vivo assays, however, is strongly indicated. In exceptional cases,e.g. for a substance showing pronounced responses in several in vitro assays, for which no relevant in vivo dataare available, and which shows resemblance to known mutagens/carcinogens, classification in category 3could be considered.

4.2.3. Substances toxic to reproduction

4.2.3.1. For the purposes of classification and labelling and having regard to the present state of knowledge, suchsubstances are divided into three categories:

Category 1

Substances known to impair fertility in humans

There is sufficient evidence to establish a causal relationship between human exposure to the substance andimpaired fertility.

Substances known to cause developmental toxicity in humans

There is sufficient evidence to establish a causal relationship between human exposure to the substance andsubsequent developmental toxic effects in the progeny.

Category 2

Substances which should be regarded as if they impair fertility in humans

There is sufficient evidence to provide a strong presumption that human exposure to the substance may resultin impaired fertility on the basis of:

� clear evidence in animal studies of impaired fertility in the absence of toxic effects, or, evidence ofimpaired fertility occurring at around the same dose levels as other toxic effects but which is not asecondary non-specific consequence of the other toxic effects,


Substances which should be regarded as if they cause developmental toxicity to humans

There is sufficient evidence to provide a strong presumption that human exposure to the substance may resultin developmental toxicity, generally on the basis of:

� clear results in appropriate animal studies where effects have been observed in the absence of signs ofmarked maternal toxicity, or at around the same dose levels as other toxic effects but which are not asecondary non-specific consequence of the other toxic effects,



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Category 3

Substances which cause concern for human fertility

Generally on the basis of:

� results in appropriate animal studies which provide sufficient evidence to cause a strong suspicion ofimpaired fertility in the absence of toxic effects, or evidence of impaired fertility occuring at around thesame dose levels as other toxic effects, but which is not a secondary non-specific consequence of theother toxic effects, but where the evidence is insufficient to place the substance in category 2,


Substances which cause concern for humans owing to possible developmental toxic effects

Generally on the basis of:

� results in appropriate animal studies which provide sufficient evidence to cause a strong suspicion ofdevelopmental toxicity in the absence of signs of marked maternal toxicity, or at around the same doselevels as other toxic effects but which are not a secondary non-specific consequence of the other toxiceffects, but where the evidence is insufficient to place the substance in category 2,



Category 1:

for substances that impair fertility in humans:

Substances classified as toxic to reproduction category 1 shall be assigned the symbol �T� and the risk phrase

R60 May impair fertility

for substances that cause developmental toxicity:


R61 May cause harm to the unborn child

Category 2:

for substances that should be regarded as if they impair fertility in humans:


R60 May impair fertility

for substances that should be regarded as if they cause developmental toxicity in humans:


R61 May cause harm to the unborn child

Category 3:

for substances which cause concern for human fertility:

Substances classified as toxic to reproduction category 3 shall be assigned the symbol �Xn� and the risk phrase


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R62 Possible risk of impaired fertility

for substances which cause concern for humans owing to possible developmental toxic effects:

Substances classified as toxic to reproduction category 3 shall be assigned the symbol �Xn� and the risk phrase

R63 Possible risk of harm to the unborn child.

4.2.3.3. Comments regarding the categorisation of substances toxic to reproduction

Reproductive toxicity includes impairment of male and female reproductive functions or capacity and theinduction of non-inheritable harmful effects on the progeny. This may be classified under two main headingsof 1. Effects on male or female fertility; 2. Developmental toxicity.

1 Effects on male or female fertility, includes adverse effects on libido, sexual behaviour, any aspect ofspermatogenesis or oogenesis, or on hormonal activity or physiological response which would interferewith the capacity to fertilise, fertilisation itself or the development of the fertilised ovum up to andincluding implantation.

2 Developmental toxicity, is taken in its widest sense to include any effect interfering with normaldevelopment, both before and after birth. It includes effects induced or manifested prenatally as well asthose manifested postnatally. This includes embrytoxic/fetotoxic effects such as reduced body weight,growth and developmental retardation, organ toxicity, death, abortion, structural defects (teratogeniceffects), functional defects, peri-postnatal defects, and impaired postnatal mental or physical developmentup to and including normal pubertal development.

Classification of chemicals as toxic to reproduction is intended to be used for chemicals which have anintrinsic or specific property to produce such toxic effects. Chemicals should not be classified as toxic toreproduction where such effects are solely produced as a non-specific secondary consequence of other toxiceffects. Chemicals of most concern are those which are toxic to reproduction at exposure levels which do notproduce other signs of toxicity.

The placing of a compound in category 1 for effects on fertility and/or developmental toxicity is done on thebasis of epidemiological data. Placing in categories 2 or 3 is done primarily on the basis of animal data. Datafrom in vitro studies, or studies on avian eggs, are regarded as �supportive evidence� and would onlyexceptionally lead to classification in the absence of in vivo data.

In common with most other types of toxic effect, substances demonstrating reproductive toxicity will beexpected to have a threshold below which adverse effects would not be demonstrated. Even when clear effectshave been demonstrated in animal studies the relevance for humans may be doubtful because of the dosesadministered, for example, where effects have been demonstrated only at high doses, or where markedtoxicokinetic differences exist, or the route of administration is inappropriate. For these or similar reasons itmay be that classification in category 3, or even no classification, will be warranted.

Annex V to the Directive specifies a limit test in the case of substances of low toxicity. If a dose level of atleast 1 000 mg/kg orally produces no evidence of effects toxic to reproduction, studies at other dose levelsmay not be considered necessary. If data are available from studies carried out with doses higher than theabove limit dose, this data must be evaluated together with other relevant data. Under normal circumstances itis considered that effects seen only at doses in excess of the limit dose would not necessarily lead toclassification as �Toxic to reproduction�.

EFFECTS ON FERTILITY

For the classification of a substance in category 2 for impaired fertility, there should normally be clearevidence in one animal species, with supporting evidence on mechanism of action or site of action, orchemical relationship to other known anti-fertility agents or other information from humans which wouldlead to the conclusion that effects would be likely to be seen in humans. Where there are studies in only onespecies without other relevant supporting evidence then classification in category 3 may be appropriate.


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Since impaired fertility may occur as a non-specific accompaniment to severe generalised toxicity or wherethere is severe inanition, classification in category 2 should only be made where there is evidence that there issome degree of specificity of toxicity for the reproductive system. If it was demonstrated that impaired fertilityin animal studies was due to failure to mate, then for classification in category 2, it would normally benecessary to have evidence on the mechanism of action in order to interpret whether any adverse effect suchas alteration in pattern of hormonal release would be likely to occur in humans.

DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY

For classification in category 2 there should be clear evidence of adverse effects in well conducted studies inone or more species. Since adverse effects in pregnancy or postnatally may result as a secondary consequenceof maternal toxicity, reduced food or water intake, maternal stress, lack of maternal care, specific dietarydeficiencies, poor animal husbandry, intercurrent infections, and so on, it is important that the effectsobserved should occur in well conducted studies and at dose levels which are not associated with markedmaternal toxicity. The route of exposure is also important. In particular, the injection of irritant materialintraperitoneally may result in local damage to the uterus and its contents, and the results of such studiesmust be interpreted with caution and on their own would not normally lead to classification.

Classification in category 3 is based on similar criteria as for category 2 but may be used where theexperimental design has deficiencies which make the conclusions less convincing, or where the possibility thatthe effects may have been due to non-specific influences such as generalised toxicity cannot be excluded.

In general, classification in category 3 or no category would be assigned on an ad hoc basis where the onlyeffects recorded are small changes in the incidences of spontaneous defects, small changes in the proportionsof common variants such as are observed in skeletal examinations, or small differences in postnataldevelopmental assessments.

Effects during lactation

Substances which are classified as toxic to reproduction and which also cause concern due to their effects onlactation should in addition be labelled with R64 (see criteria in section 3.2.8).

For the purpose of classification, toxic effects on offspring resulting only from exposure via the breast milk, ortoxic effects resulting from direct exposure of children will not be regarded as �Toxic to reproduction�, unlesssuch effects result in impaired development of the offspring.

Substances which are not classified as toxic to reproduction but which cause concern due to toxicity whentransferred to the baby during the period of lactation should be labelled with R64 (see criteria in section3.2.8). This R-phrase may also be appropriate for substances which affect the quantity or quality of the milk.

R64 would normally be assigned on the basis of:

(a) toxicokinetic studies that would indicate the likelihood that the substance would be present in potentiallytoxic levels in breast milk; and/or

(b) on the basis of results of one or two generation studies in animals which indicate the presence of adverseeffects on the offspring due to transfer in the milk; and/or

(c) on the basis of evidence in humans indicating a risk to babies during the lactational period.

Substances which are known to accumulate in the body and which subsequently may be released into milkduring lactation may be labelled with R33 and R64.


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4.2.4. Procedure for the classification of preparations concerning specific effects on health

If a preparation contains one or more substances classified with respect to the criteria laid out above, it mustbe classified according to the criteria referred to in Annex II, Part A.7-9 and Part B.6, to Directive 1999/45/EC(the concentration limits are either in Annex I to this Directive, or in Annex II, Part B.6, to Directive1999/45/EC where the substance or substances under consideration do not appear in Annex I or appear in itwithout concentration limits).

5. CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS

5.1. Introduction

The primary objective of classifying substances and preparations dangerous for the environment is to alert theuser to the hazards these substances and preparations present to ecosystems. Although the present criteriarefer to aquatic ecosystems it is recognised that certain substances and preparations may simultaneously oralternatively affect other ecosystems whose constituents may range from soil microflora and microfauna toprimates.

The criteria set out below follow directly from the test methods set out in Annex V in so far as they arementioned. The test methods required for the �base set� referred to in Annex VII are limited and theinformation derived from them may be insufficient for an appropriate classification. Classification may requireadditional data derived from level 1 (Annex VIII) or other equivalent studies. Furthermore, classified substancesmay be subject to review in the light of other new data.

For the purposes of classification and labelling and having regard to the current state of knowledge suchsubstances and preparations are divided into two groups according to their acute and/or long-term effects inaquatic systems or their acute and/or long-term effects in non-aquatic systems.

5.1.1. The classification of substances is usually made on the basis of experimental data for acute aquatic toxicity,degradation, and log Pow (or BCF if available).

5.1.2. The classification of preparations shall normally be carried out on the basis of a conventional method referredto in Article 7 of and Annex III, Parts A and B, to Directive 1999/45/EC. In this case, the classification isbased on the individual concentration limits

� in Annex I to this Directive

� or in Annex III, Part B, to Directive 1999/45/EC where the substance or substances do not appear inAnnex I to this Directive or appear in it without concentration limits.

5.1.3. Normally, the classification of a preparation is made on the basis of a conventional method. However, for thedetermination of the acute aquatic toxicity, there may be cases for which it is appropriate to carry out testson the preparation. The result of these tests on the preparation may only modify the classification concerningacute aquatic toxicity which would have been obtained by the application of a conventional method. If suchtests are chosen by the person responsible for the placing on the market, it must be ensured that the qualitycriteria of the test methods in Part C of Annex V to this Directive have been complied with. Furthermore, thetests are to be carried out on all three groups of species in conformity with the criteria in this Annex (algae,daphnia and fish), unless the highest hazard classification relating to acute aquatic toxicity has been assignedto the preparation after testing on one of the species or a test result was already available before Directive1999/45/EC entered into force.


The classification criteria for substances in section 5.2.1 only apply to preparations where they have beentested in accordance with 5.1.3.


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5.2.1. Aquatic environment

5.2.1.1. Substances shall be classified as dangerous for the environment and assigned the symbol �N� and theappropriate indication of danger, and assigned risk phrases in accordance with the following criteria:

R50 Very toxic to aquatic organisms, and

R53 May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment

Acute toxicity: 96 h LC50 (for fish) Ä 1 mg/l

or 48 h EC50 (for daphnia) Ä 1 mg/l

or 72 h IC50 (for algae) Ä 1 mg/l

and:

� the substance is not readily degradable, or

� the log Pow (log octanol/water partition coefficient) Å 3,0 (unless the experimentally determined BCFÄ 100).

R50 Very toxic to aquatic organisms

Acute toxicity: 96 h LC50 (for fish) Ä 1 mg/l

or 48 h EC50 (for daphnia) Ä 1 mg/l

or 72 h IC50 (for algae) Ä 1 mg/l

R51 Toxic to aquatic organisms, and


Acute toxicity: 96 h LC50 (for fish) 1 mg/l < LC50 Ä 10 mg/l

or 48 h EC50 (for daphnia) 1 mg/l < EC50 Ä 10 mg/l

or 72 h IC50 (for algae) 1 mg/l < IC50 Ä 10 mg/l

and:

� the substance is not readily degradable, or

� the log Pow Å 3,0 (unless the experimentally determined BCF Ä 100).

5.2.1.2. Substances shall be classified as dangerous for the environment in accordance with the criteria set out below.Risk phrases shall also be assigned in accordance with the following criteria

R52 Harmful to aquatic organisms, and


Acute toxicity: 96 h LC50 (for fish) 10 mg/l < LC50 Ä 100 mg/l

or 48 h EC50 (for daphnia) 10 mg/l < EC50 Ä 100 mg/l

or 72 h IC50 (for algae) 10 mg/l < IC50 Ä 100 mg/l


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and:

the substance is not readily degradable.

This criterion applies unless there exists additional scientific evidence concerning degradation and/or toxicitysufficient to provide an adequate assurance that neither the substance nor its degradation products willconstitute a potential long-term and/or delayed danger to the aquatic environment. Such additional scientificevidence should normally be based on the studies required at level 1 (Annex VIII), or studies of equivalentvalue, and could include:

(i) a proven potential to degrade rapidly in the aquatic environment;

(ii) an absence of chronic toxicity effects at a concentration of 1,0 mg/litre, e.g. a no-observed effectconcentration of greater than 1,0 mg/litre determined in a prolonged toxicity study with fish or daphnia.

R52 Harmful to aquatic organisms

Substances not falling under the criteria listed above in this chapter, but which on the basis of the availableevidence concerning their toxicity may nevertheless present a danger to the structure and/or functioning ofaquatic ecosystems.


Substances not falling under the criteria listed above in this chapter, but which, on the basis of the availableevidence concerning their persistence, potential to accumulate, and predicted or observed environmental fateand behaviour may nevertheless present a long-term and/or delayed danger to the structure and/orfunctioning of aquatic ecosystems.

For example, poorly water-soluble substances, i.e. substances with a solubility of less than 1 mg/l will becovered by this criterion if:

(a) they are not readily degradable; and

(b) the log Pow Å 3,0 (unless the experimentally determined BCF Ä 100).

This criterion applies to substances unless there exists additional scientific evidence concerning degradationand/or toxicity sufficient to provide an adequate assurance that neither the substance nor its degradationproducts will constitute a potential long-term and/or delayed danger to the aquatic environment.

Such additional scientific evidence should normally be based on the studies required at level 1 (Annex VIII), orstudies of equivalent value, and could include

(i) a proven potential to degrade rapidly in the aquatic environment;

(ii) an absence of chronic toxicity effects at the solubility limit e.g. a no-observed effect concentration ofgreater than the solubility limit determined in a prolonged toxicity study with fish or daphnia.

5.2.1.3. Comments on the determination of IC50 for algae and of degradability

� where it can be demonstrated in the case of highly coloured substances that algal growth is inhibitedsolely as a result of a reduction in light intensity, then the 72h IC50 for algae should not be used as abasis for classification,

� substances are considered readily degradable if the following criteria hold true.

(a) if in 28-day biodegradation studies the following levels of degradation are achieved

� in tests based upon dissolved organic carbon: 70 %,

� in tests based upon oxygen depletion or carbon dioxide generation: 60 % of the theoreticalmaxima.

These levels of biodegradation must be achieved within 10 days of the start of degradation, whichpoint is taken as the time when 10 % of the substance has been degraded; or


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(b) if in those cases where only COD and BOD5 data are available when the ratio of BOD5/COD isgreater than or equal to 0,5; or

(c) if other convincing scientific evidence is available to demonstrate that the substance can be degraded(biotically and/or abiotically) in the aquatic environment to a level of > 70 % within a 28-day period.

5.2.2. Non-aquatic environment

5.2.2.1. Substances and preparations shall be classified as dangerous for the environment and assigned the symbol �N�and the appropriate indication of danger, and assigned risk phrases in accordance with the following criteria:

R54 Toxic to flora

R55 Toxic to fauna

R56 Toxic to soil organisms

R57 Toxic to bees

R58 May cause long-term adverse effects in the environment

Substances and preparations which on the basis of the available evidence concerning their toxicity,persistence, potential to accumulate and predicted or observed environmental fate and behaviour may presenta danger, immediate or long-term and/or delayed, to the structure and/or functioning of natural ecosystemsother than those covered under 5.2.1. Detailed criteria will be elaborated later.

5.2.2.2. Substances and preparations shall be classified as dangerous for the environment, and assigned the symbol �N�and the appropriate indication of danger, where applicable, and assigned risk phrases in accordance with thefollowing criteria:

R59 Dangerous for the ozone layer

Substances which on the basis of the available evidence concerning their properties and their predictedor observed environmental fate and behaviour may present a danger to the structure and/or thefunctioning of the stratospheric ozone layer. This includes the substances which are listed in Annex I toCouncil Regulation (EC) No 2037/2000 on substances that deplete the ozone layer (OJ L 244,29.9.2000, p.1) and its subsequent amendments.

Preparations shall be classified on the basis of a conventional method referred to in Article 7 of andAnnex III, Parts A and B, to Directive 1999/45/EC.

6. CHOICE OF SAFETY ADVICE PHRASES

6.1. Introduction

Safety advice phrases (S-phrases) shall be assigned to dangerous substances and preparations in accordancewith the following general criteria. In addition, for certain preparations, the safety advice listed in Annex V toDirective 1999/45/EC is mandatory.

Whenever the manufacturer is mentioned in Chapter 6 it refers to the person responsible for placing thesubstance or preparation on the market.

6.2. Safety phrases for substances and preparations

S1 Keep locked up

� Applicability:

� very toxic, toxic and corrosive substances and preparations.


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� Criteria for use:

� obligatory for those substances and preparations mentioned above if sold to the general public.

S2 Keep out of the reach of children

� Applicability:

� all dangerous substances and preparations.


� obligatory for all dangerous substances and preparations sold to the general public, except forthose only classified as dangerous for the environment.

S3 Keep in a cool place

� Applicability:

� organic peroxides,

� other dangerous substances and preparations having a boiling point of Ä 40 °C.


� obligatory for organic peroxides unless S47 is used,

� recommended for other dangerous substances and preparations having a boiling point of Ä 40 °C.

S4 Keep away from living quarters

� Applicability:

� very toxic and toxic substances and preparations.


� normally limited to very toxic and toxic substances and preparations when desirable tosupplement S13; for example when there is an inhalation risk and the substance or preparationshould be stored away from living quarters. The advice is not intended to preclude proper use ofthe substance or preparation in living quarters.

S5 Keep contents under � (appropriate liquid to be specified by the manufacturer)

� Applicability:

� spontaneously flammable solid substances and preparations.


� normally limited to special cases, e.g. sodium, potassium or white phosphorous.

S6 Keep under � (inert gas to be specified by the manufacturer)

� Applicability:

� dangerous substances and preparations which must be kept under an inert atmosphere.


� normally limited to special cases, e.g. certain organo-metallic compounds.


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S7 Keep container tightly closed

� Applicability:


� substances and preparations which can give off very toxic, toxic, harmful or extremelyflammable gases,

� substances and preparations which in contact with moisture give off extremely flammable gases,

� highly flammable solids.


� obligatory for organic peroxides,

� recommended for the other fields of application mentioned above.

S8 Keep container dry

� Applicability:

� substances and preparations which may react violently with water,

� substances and preparations which on contact with water liberate extremely flammable gases,

� substances and preparations which on contact with water liberate very toxic or toxic gases.


� normally limited to the fields of application mentioned above when necessary to reinforcewarnings given by R14, R15 in particular, and R29.

S9 Keep container in a well-ventilated place

� Applicability:

� volatile substances and preparations which may give off very toxic, toxic or harmful vapours,

� extremely flammable or highly flammable liquids and extremely flammable gases.


� recommended for volatile substances and preparations which may give off very toxic, toxic orharmful vapours,

� recommended for extremely flammable or highly flammable liquids or extremely flammablegases.

S12 Do not keep the container sealed

� Applicability:

� substances and preparations which will by giving off gases or vapours be liable to burst thecontainer.


� normally limited to the special cases mentioned above.

S13 Keep away from food, drink and animal feedingstuffs

� Applicability:

� very toxic, toxic and harmful substances and preparations.


� recommended when such substances and preparations are likely to be used by the generalpublic.


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S14 Keep away from � (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer)

� Applicability:

� organic peroxides.


� obligatory for and normally limited to organic peroxides. However, may be useful in exceptionalcases when incompatibility is likely to product a particular risk

S15 Keep away from heat

� Applicability:

� substances and preparations which may decompose or which may react spontaneously underthe effect of heat.


� normally limited to special cases, e.g. monomers, but not assigned if risk phrases R2, R3 and/orR5 have already been applied.

S16 Keep away from sources of ignition � No smoking

� Applicability:

� extremely flammable or highly flammable liquids and extremely flammable gases.


� recommended for the substances and preparations mentioned above but not assigned if riskphrases R2, R3 and/or R5 have already been applied.

S17 Keep away from combustible material

� Applicability:

� substances and preparations which may form explosive or spontaneously flammable mixtureswith combustible material.


� available for use in special cases, e.g. to emphasise R8 and R9.

S18 Handle and open container with care

� Applicability:

� substances and preparations liable to produce an overpressure in the container,

� substances and preparations which may form explosive peroxides.


� normally limited to the abovementioned cases when there is risk of damage to the eyes and/orwhen the substances and preparations are likely to be used by the general public.

S20 When using do not eat or drink

� Applicability:

� very toxic, toxic and corrosive substances and preparations.


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� normally limited to special cases (e.g. arsenic and arsenic compounds; fluoracetates) in particularwhen any of these are likely to be used by the general public.

S21 When using do not smoke

� Applicability:

� substances and preparations which produce toxic products on combustion.


� normally limited to special cases (e.g. halogenated compounds).

S22 Do not breathe dust

� Applicability:

� all solid substances and preparations dangerous for health.


� obligatory for those substances and preparations mentioned above to which R42 is assigned,

� recommended for those substances and preparations mentioned above which are supplied in theform of an inhalable dust and for which the health hazards following inhalation are not known.

S23 Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapour/spray (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer)

� Applicability:

� all liquid or gaseous substances and preparations dangerous to health.


� obligatory for those substances and preparations mentioned above to which R42 is assigned,

� obligatory for substances and preparations intended for use by spraying. Either S38 or S51 mustbe ascribed in addition,

� recommended when it is necessary to draw the attention of the user to inhalation risks notmentioned in the risk phrases which have to be ascribed.

S24 Avoid contact with skin

� Applicability:

� all substances and preparations dangerous for health.


� obligatory for those substances and preparations to which R43 has been ascribed, unless S36 hasalso been ascribed,

� recommended when it is necessary to draw the attention of the user to skin contact risks notmentioned in the risk phrases (e.g. paresthesia) which have to be ascribed. However, may beused to emphasise such risk phrases.

S25 Avoid contact with eyes

� Applicability:

� all substances and preparations dangerous to health.


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� recommended when it is necessary to draw the attention of the user to eye contact risks notmentioned in the risk phrases which have to be applied. However, may be used to emphasisesuch risk phrases,

� recommended for substances ascribed R34, R35, R36 or R41 which are likely to be used by thegeneral public.

S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice

� Applicability:

� corrosive or irritant substances and preparations.


� obligatory for corrosive substances and preparations and those to which R41 has already beenascribed,

� recommended for irritant substances and preparations to which the risk phrase R36 has alreadybeen ascribed.

S27 Take off immediately all contaminated clothing

� Applicability:

� very toxic, toxic or corrosive substances and preparations.


� obligatory for very toxic substances and preparations to which R27 has been ascribed and whichare likely to be used by the general public,

� recommended for very toxic substances and preparations to which R27 has been ascribed usedin industry. However, this safety phrase should not be used if S36 has been ascribed,

� recommended for toxic substances and preparations to which R24 has been ascribed as well ascorrosive substances and preparations which are likely to be used by the general public.

S28 After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of � (to be specified by the manufacturer)

� Applicability:

� very toxic, toxic or corrosive substances and preparations.


� obligatory for very toxic substances and preparations,

� recommended for the other substances and preparations mentioned above, in particular whenwater is not the most appropriate rinsing fluid,

� recommended for corrosive substances and preparations which are likely to be used by thegeneral public.

S29 Do not empty into drains

� Applicability:

� extremely or highly flammable liquids immiscible with water,

� very toxic and toxic substances and preparations,

� substances and preparations dangerous for the environment.


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� obligatory for substances and preparations dangerous for the environment and assigned thesymbol �N�, which are likely to be used by the general public, unless this is the intended use,

� recommended for other substances and preparations mentioned above which are likely to beused by the general public, unless this is the intended use.

S30 Never add water to this product

� Applicability:

� substances and preparations which react violently with water.


� normally limited to special cases (e.g. sulphuric acid) and may be used, as appropriate, to givethe clearest possible information, either to emphasise R14 or as an alternative to R14.

S33 Take precautionary measures against static discharges

� Applicability:

� extremely or highly flammable substances and preparations.


� recommended for substances and preparations used in industry which do not absorb moisture.Virtually never used for substances and preparations as placed on the market for use by thegeneral public.

S35 This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe way

� Applicability:



� recommended for substances and preparations where special guidance is needed to ensureproper disposal.

S36 Wear suitable protective clothing

� Applicability:


� very toxic, toxic or harmful substances and preparations,

� corrosive substances and preparations.


� obligatory for very toxic and corrosive substances and preparations,

� obligatory for those substances and preparations to which either R21 or R24 has been ascribed,

� obligatory for category 3 carcinogens, mutagens and substances toxic to reproduction unless theeffects are produced solely by inhalation of the substance or preparation,


� recommended for toxic substances and preparations if the LD50 dermal value is unknown butthe substance or preparation is likely to be toxic through skin contact,

� recommended for substances and preparations used in industry which are liable to damagehealth by prolonged exposure.


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S37 Wear suitable gloves

� Applicability:

� very toxic, toxic, harmful or corrosive substances and preparations,


� substances and preparations irritating to the skin or causing sensitisation by skin contact.


� obligatory for very toxic and corrosive substances and preparations,

� obligatory for those substances and preparations to which either R21, R24 or R43 has beenascribed,

� obligatory for category 3 carcinogens, mutagens and substances toxic to reproduction unless theeffects are produced solely by inhalation of the substances and preparations,


� recommended for toxic substances and preparations if the LD50 dermal value is unknown butthe substance or preparation is likely to be harmful by skin contact,

� recommended for substances and preparations irritating to the skin.

S38 In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment

� Applicability:

� very toxic or toxic substances and preparations.


� normally limited to special cases involving the use of very toxic or toxic substances andpreparations in industry or in agriculture.

S39 Wear eye/face protection

� Applicability:


� corrosive substances and preparations, including irritants which give rise to risk of seriousdamage to the eyes,

� very toxic and toxic substances and preparations.


� obligatory for those substances and preparations to which R34, R35 or R41 have been ascribed,


� recommended when it is necessary to draw the attention of the user to eye contact risks notmentioned in the risk phrases which have to be ascribed,

� normally limited to exceptional cases for very toxic and toxic substances and preparations,where there is a risk of splashing and they are likely to be easily absorbed by the skin.

S40 To clean the floor and all objects contaminated by this material use � (to be specified by the manufacturer)

� Applicability:



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� normally limited to those dangerous substances and preparations for which water is notconsidered to be a suitable cleansing agent (e.g. where absorption by powdered material,dissolution by solvent etc. is necessary) and where it is important for health and/or safetyreasons to provide a warning on the label.

S41 In case of fire and/or explosion do not breathe fumes

� Applicability:

� dangerous substances and preparations which on combustion give off very toxic or toxic gases.


� normally limited to special cases.

S42 During fumigation/spraying wear suitable respiratory equipment (appropriate wording to be specified by themanufacturer)

� Applicability:

� substances and preparations intended for such use but which may endanger the health andsafety of the user unless proper precautions are taken.


� normally limited to special cases.

S43 In case of fire use � (indicate in the space the precise type of fire-fighting equipment. If water increases the riskadd: Never use water)

� Applicability:

� extremely flammable, highly flammable and flammable substances and preparations.


� obligatory for substances and preparations which, in contact with water or damp air, evolveextremely flammable gases,

� recommended for extremely flammable, highly flammable and flammable substances andpreparations, particularly when they are immiscible with water.

S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible).

� Applicability:

� very toxic substances and preparations,

� toxic and corrosive substances and preparations,

� substances and preparations causing sensitisation by inhalation.


� obligatory for the substances and preparations mentioned above.

S46 If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label

� Applicability:

� all dangerous substances and preparations other than those which are very toxic, toxic, corrosiveor dangerous to the environment.


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� obligatory for all dangerous substances and preparations mentioned above which are likely to beused by the general public, unless there is no reason to fear any danger from swallowing,particularly by children.

S47 Keep at temperature not exceeding � °C (to be specified by the manufacturer)

� Applicability:

� substances and preparations which become unstable at a certain temperature.


� normally limited to special cases (e.g. certain organic peroxides).

S48 Keep wetted with � (appropriate material to be specified by the manufacturer)

� Applicability:

� substances and preparations which may become very sensitive to sparks, friction or impact ifallowed to dry out.


� normally limited to special cases, e.g. nitrocelluloses.

S49 Keep only in the original container

� Applicability:

� substances and preparations sensitive to catalytic decomposition.


� substances and preparations sensitive to catalytic decomposition, e.g. certain organic peroxides.

S50 Do not mix with � (to be specified by the manufacturer)

� Applicability:

� substances and preparations which may react with the specified product to evolve very toxic ortoxic gases,

� organic peroxides.


� recommended for substances and preparations mentioned above which are likely to be used bythe general public, when it is a better alternative to R31 or R32,

� obligatory with certain peroxides which may give violent reaction with accelerators or promoters.

S51 Use only in well-ventilated areas

� Applicability:

� substances and preparations likely to or intended to produce vapours, dusts, sprays, fumes,mists, etc. which give rise to inhalation risks or to a fire or explosion risk.


� recommended when use of S38 would not be appropriate. Thus important when suchsubstances and preparations are likely to be used by the general public.


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S52 Not recommended for interior use on large surface areas

� Applicability:

� volatile, very toxic, toxic and harmful substances and preparations containing them.


� recommended when damage to health is likely to be caused by prolonged exposure to thesesubstances and preparations by reason of their volatilisation from large treated surfaces in thehome or other enclosed places where persons congregate.

S53 Avoid exposure � Obtain special instructions before use

� Applicability:

� substances and preparations that are carcinogenic, mutagenic and/or toxic to reproduction.


� obligatory for the abovementioned substances and preparations to which at least one of thefollowing R-phrases has been assigned : R45, R46, R49, R60 or R61.

S56 Dispose of this material and its container to hazardous or special waste collection point

� Applicability:



� recommended for all dangerous substances and preparations likely to be used by the generalpublic for which special disposal is required.

S57 Use appropriate containment to avoid environmental contamination

� Applicability:

� substances and preparations which have been assigned the symbol �N�.


� normally limited to substances and preparations not likely to be used by the general public.

S59 Refer to manufacturer for information on recovery/recycling

� Applicability:



� obligatory for substances and preparations dangerous for the ozone layer,

� recommended for other substances and preparations for which recovery/recycling isrecommended.

S60 This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste

� Applicability:



� recommended for substances and preparations not likely to be used by the general public andwhere S35 is not assigned.


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S61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheet

� Applicability:

� substances and preparations dangerous for the environment.


� normally used for substances and preparations which have been assigned the symbol �N�,

� recommended for all substances and preparations classified dangerous for the environment notcovered above.

S62 If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label

� Applicability:

� substances and preparations classified as harmful with R65 in accordance with the criteria insection 3.2.3,

� not applicable to substances and preparations which are placed on the market in aerosolcontainers (or in containers fitted with a sealed spray attachment), see sections 8 and 9.


� obligatory for substances and preparations mentioned above, if sold to, or likely to be used bythe general public, except when S45 or S46 are obligatory,

� recommended for the substances and preparations mentioned above when used in industry,except where S45 or S46 are obligatory.

S63 In case of accident by inhalation: remove casualty to fresh air and keep at rest

� Applicability:

� very toxic and toxic substances and preparations (gases, vapours, particulates, volatile liquids),

� substances and preparations causing respiratory sensitisation.


� obligatory for substances and preparations to which R26, R23 or R42 has been assigned whichare likely to be used by the general public in a way which could result in inhalation.

S64 If swallowed, rinse mouth with water (only if the person is conscious)

� Applicability:

� corrosive or irritant substances and preparations.


� recommended for the above substances and preparations which are likely to be used by thegeneral public and where the above treatment is suitable.

7. LABELLING

7.1. When a substance or preparation has been classified the appropriate label is determined with reference to therequirements of Article 23 of this Directive and Article 10 of Directive 1999/45/EC for substances andpreparations respectively. This section explains how the label is determined and, in particular, gives guidanceon how to choose the appropriate risk and safety phrases.

The label contains the following information:

(a) for preparations the trade name or designation;

(b) for substances the name of the substance and for preparations the names of the substances present in thepreparations in accordance with the rules set out in Article 10(2)(3) of Directive 1999/45/EC;


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(c) the name, full address and telephone number of the person responsible for placing the substance orpreparation on the market, whether manufacturer, importer or distributor;

(d) the symbol(s) and indication(s) of danger;

(e) phrases indicating particular hazards (R-phrases);

(f) phrases indicating safety advice (S-phrases);

(g) for substances, the EC number, and in addition for substances appearing in Annex I, the word �EC label�;

(h) for preparations offered or sold to the general public the nominal quantity of the contents unlessspecified elsewhere on the package.

Note:

For certain preparations there are additional labelling requirements set out in Article 10(1)(2) of and Annex Vto Directive 1999/45/EC and in Article 20 of Directive 98/8/EC.

7.1.1. Final choice of risk and safety phrases

Although the final choice of the most appropriate risk and safety phrases is primarily governed by the need togive all necessary information, consideration should also be given in the clarity and impact of the label. Withclarity in mind, the necessary information should be expressed in a minimum number of phrases.

In the case of substances which are irritant, highly flammable, flammable and oxidising, an indication ofR-phrases and S-phrases need not be given where the package does not contain more than 125 ml. This shallalso apply in the case of the same volume of harmful substances not retailed to the general public.

For preparations, if the contents of the package do not exceed 125 ml:

� if classified as highly flammable, oxidising, irritant, with the exception of those assigned R41, ordangerous for the environment and assigned the �N� symbol it shall not be necessary to indicate theR-phrases or the S-phrases,

� if classified as flammable or dangerous to the environment and not assigned the �N� symbol it shall benecessary to indicate the R-phrases but it shall not be necessary to indicate the S-phrases.

7.1.2. Without prejudice to Article 16(4) of Directive 91/414/EEC and to Directive 98/8/EC, indications such as�non-toxic�, �non-harmful�, �non-polluting�, �ecological� or any other statement indicating that the substance orpreparation is not dangerous or likely to lead to underestimation of the dangers of the substance orpreparation in question shall not appear on the label or packaging of substances or preparations subject tothis Directive or to Directive 1999/45/EC.

7.2. Chemical name(s) to be displayed on the label

7.2.1. For substances listed in Annex I the label shall show the name of the substances under one of the designationsgiven in Annex I.

For substances not listed in Annex I, the name is established according to an internationally recognisedchemical nomenclature as defined in section 1.4.

7.2.2. For preparations, the choice of names to be displayed on the label follows the rules of Article 10(2)(3) ofDirective 1999/45/EC.

Note:

Subject to Annex V, B.9 to Directive 1999/45/EC,

� the name of the sensitising substance must be chosen in accordance with section 7.2.1 of this Annex,

� in the case of concentrate preparations which are intended for the perfume industry:


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� the person responsible for placing them on the market may identify merely the one sensitisingsubstance judged by him to be primarily responsible for the sensitisation hazard,

� in the case of a natural substance, the chemical name may be of the type: �essential oil of �� extractof ��, rather than the name of the constituents of that essential oil or extract.

7.3. Choice of danger symbols

The design of the danger symbols and the wording of the indications of danger shall comply with those laiddown in Annex II. The symbol shall be printed in black on an orange-yellow background.

7.3.1. For substances appearing in Annex I the danger symbols and indications of danger shall be those shown inthe Annex.

7.3.2. For dangerous substances not yet appearing in Annex I and for preparations, the danger symbols andindications of danger shall be assigned according to the rules laid down in this Annex.

Where more than one danger symbol is assigned to a substance or preparation:

� the obligation to indicate the symbol �E� makes the symbols �F+�, �F� and �O� optional,

� the obligation to indicate the symbol �T+� or �T� makes the symbols �Xn�, �Xi� and �C� optional,

� the obligation to indicate the symbol �C� makes the symbols �Xn� and �Xi� optional,

� if the symbol �Xn� is assigned, the symbol �Xi� is optional.

7.4. Choice of risk phrases

The wording of the R-phrases shall comply with that laid down in Annex III.

The combined R-phrases in Annex III shall be used where applicable.

7.4.1. For substances appearing in Annex I, the R-phrases shall be those shown in the Annex.

7.4.2. For substances not appearing in Annex I, R-phrases will be selected according to the following criteria andpriorities:

(a) in the case of dangers which give rise to health effects:

(i) R-phrases corresponding to the category of danger illustrated by a symbol must appear on the label;

(ii) R-phrases corresponding to other categories of danger which are not illustrated by a symbol byvirtue of Article 23;

(b) in the case of dangers arising from physicochemical properties:

� R-phrases corresponding to the category of danger illustrated by a symbol must appear on the label;

(c) in the case of dangers for the environment

� the R-phrase(s) corresponding to the classification category �dangerous for the environment� mustappear on the label.

7.4.3. For preparations, R-phrases will be selected according to the following criteria and priorities:

(a) in the case of dangers which give rise to health effects:

(i) R-phrases which correspond to the category of danger illustrated by a symbol. In certain cases theR-phrases must be adopted according to the tables of Annex II, Part B, to Directive 1999/45/EC.More specifically, the R-phrases of the constituent(s) which are responsible for the assignment of thepreparation to a danger category must appear on the label;


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(ii) R-phrases which correspond to other categories of danger which have been attributed to theconstituents but which are not illustrated by a symbol by virtue of Article 10(2)(4) of Directive1999/45/EC;

(b) in the case of dangers arising from physicochemical properties:

� the criteria described under 7.4.3(a) are applicable, except that the risk phrases �extremely flammable�or �highly flammable� need not be indicated where they repeat the wording of the indication ofdanger used with a symbol;

(c) in the case of dangers for the environment:

(i) the R-phrase(s) corresponding to the classification category �dangerous for the environment� mustappear on the label;

(ii) where the R-phrase R50 has been assigned in addition to a combined R-phrase R51/53 or R52/53or to the R-phrase 53 alone, the combined R-phrase R50/53 shall be used.

As a general rule, for preparations a maximum of six R-phrases shall suffice to describe the risk; for thispurpose the combined phrases listed in Annex III shall be regarded as single phrases. However, if thepreparation falls within more than one danger category, those standard phrases shall cover all the principalhazards associated with the preparation. In some cases, more than six R-phrases may be necessary.

7.5. Safety phrases

The wording of S-phrases shall comply with that laid down in Annex IV.

The combined S-phrases in Annex IV shall be used where applicable.

7.5.1. For substances appearing in Annex I, the S-phrases shall be those shown in the Annex. Where no S-phrasesare shown, the manufacturer/importer may include any appropriate S-phrase(s). For substances not in Annex Iand for preparations, the manufacturer shall include S-phrases in accordance with the criteria given in Chapter6 of this Annex.

7.5.2. Choice of safety phrases

The final choice of safety phrases must have regard to the risk phrases indicated on the label and to theintended use of the substance or preparation:

� as a general rule, a maximum of six S-phrases shall suffice to formulate the most appropriate safetyadvice; for this purpose the combined phrases listed in Annex IV shall be regarded as single phrases,

� in the case of S-phrases concerning disposal, one S-phrase shall be used, unless it is clear that disposal ofthe material and its container does not present a danger for human health or the environment. Inparticular, advice on safe disposal is important for substances and preparations sold to the general public,

� some R-phrases become superfluous if a careful selection is made of S-phrases and vice versa; S-phraseswhich obviously correspond to R-phrases will appear on the label only if it is intended to emphasise aspecific warning,

� particular attention must be given, in the choice of safety phrases, to the foreseen conditions of use ofcertain substances and preparations, e.g. spraying or other aerosol effects. Phrases should be chosen withthe intended use in view,

� the safety phrases S1, S2 and S45 are obligatory for all very toxic, toxic and corrosive substances andpreparations sold to the general public,

� the safety phrases S2 and S46 are obligatory for all other dangerous substances and preparations (exceptthose only classified as dangerous for the environment) sold to the general public.

Where the phrases selected according to the strict criteria in 6.2 result in redundancy or ambiguity or areclearly unnecessary given the specific product/package then some phrases may be deleted.


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7.6. EC number

If a substance named on the label is listed in the European Inventory of Existing Commercial ChemicalSubstances (Einecs) or in the European List of Notified Substances (Elincs), the Einecs or Elincs number of thesubstances shall be shown on the label. This requirement does not apply to preparations.

7.7. Dimensions of the label for preparations

The dimensions of the label shall be as follows:

Capacity of the package Dimensions (in millimetres)

� not exceeding 3 litres: if possible, at least 52 × 74

� greater than 3 litres but not exceeding 50 litres: at least 74 × 105

� greater than 50 litres but not exceeding 500 litres: at least 105 × 148

� greater than 500 litres: at least 148 × 210.

Each symbol shall cover at least one-tenth of the surface area of the label but shall not be less than 1cm2. Thelabel shall be firmly affixed to one or more surfaces of the packaging immediately containing the preparation.

The information required on the label shall stand out clearly from its background and shall be of such sizeand spacing as to be easily read.

8. SPECIAL CASES: SUBSTANCES

8.1. Mobile gas cylinders

For mobile gas cylinders the requirements concerning labelling are considered to be satisfied when they are inagreement with Article 23 or Article 24(6)(b).

However, by way of derogation from Article 24(1) and (2), one of the following alternatives can be used forgas cylinders with a water capacity of less than or equal to 150 litres:

� the format and dimensions of the label can follow the prescriptions of the ISO Standard ISO/DP 7225(1994 edition) relating to �Gas cylinders � Precautionary labels�,

� the information specified in Article 23(2) may be provided on a durable information disc or label heldcaptive on the cylinder.

8.2. Gas containers intended for propane, butane or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)

These substances are classified in Annex I. Although classified in accordance with Article 2, they do notpresent a danger to human health when they are placed on the market in closed refillable cylinders or innon-refillable cartridges within the scope of EN 417 as fuel gases which are only released for combustion (EN417, September 1992 edition, relating to �Non-refillable metallic gas cartridges for liquefied petroleum gases,with or without a valve, for use with portable appliances; construction, inspection, testing and marking�).

These cylinders or cartridges must be labelled with the appropriate symbol and the R- and S-phrasesconcerning flammability. No information concerning the effects on human health is required on the label.However, the information concerning effects on human health which should have appeared on the label shallbe transmitted to the professional user by the person responsible for placing the substance on the market in


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the format foreseen in Article 27 of the Directive. For the consumer, sufficient information shall betransmitted to enable them to take all necessary measures for health and safety as foreseen in Article 1(3) ofDirective 91/155/EEC, as amended by Directive 93/112/EEC.

8.3. Metals in massive form

These substances are classified in Annex I or shall be classified in accordance with Article 6. However, someof these substances, although classified in accordance with Article 2 do not present a danger to human healthby inhalation, ingestion or contact with skin or to the aquatic environment in the form in which they areplaced on the market. Such substances do not require a label according to Article 23. However, all theinformation which should have appeared on the label shall be transmitted to the user by the personresponsible for placing the metal on the market, in a format foreseen in Article 27.

8.4. Substances classified with R65

Substances classified as harmful on the basis of an aspiration hazard need not be labelled as harmful with R65when placed on the market in aerosol containers or in containers fitted with a sealed spray attachment.

9. SPECIAL CASES: PREPARATIONS

9.1. Gaseous preparations (gas mixtures)

For gaseous preparations, consideration must be given to:

� the evaluation of the physico-chemical properties,

� the evaluation of health hazards,

� the evaluation of the environmental hazards.

9.1.1. Evaluation of physico-chemical properties

9.1.1.1. Flammability

The flammable properties of these preparations are determined in accordance with Article 5 of Directive1999/45/EC according to the methods specified in Part A of Annex V to this Directive.

These preparations will be classified according to the results of the tests carried out and with respect to thecriteria of Annex V and to the criteria of the labelling guide.

However, by derogation, in the case where gaseous preparations are produced to order in small amounts, theflammability of these gaseous mixtures can be evaluated by the following calculation method:

the expression of the gaseous mixture

A1F1 + � + AiFi + � AnFn + B1I1 + � + BiIi + � BpIp

where: Ai and Bi are the molar fractions

Fi flammable gas

Ii inert gas

n number of flammable gases

p number of inert gases

can be transformed in a form where all the Ii (inert gases) are expressed by a nitrogen equivalent using acoefficient Ki and where the equivalent content of inflammable gas A¡i is expressed as follows:

A¡i = Ai × (100 / (Ai + KiBi))


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By using the value of the maximum content of flammable gas which, in a mixture with nitrogen, gives acomposition which is not flammable in air (Tci), the following expression can be obtained:

Ri A¡i / Tci Ä 1

The gas mixture is flammable if the value of the above expression is greater than one. The preparation isclassified extremely flammable and, the phrase R12 is assigned.

Coefficients of equivalency (Ki)

The values of the coefficients of equivalency Ki, between the inert gases and nitrogen and the values of themaximum contents of flammable gas (Tci) may be found in Tables 1 and 2 of the ISO Standard ISO 10156edition 15.12.1990 (new: 1996 edition) relating to �Gases and gas mixtures � Determination of fire potentialand oxidising ability for the selection of cylinder valve outlets�.

Maximum content of flammable gas (Tci)

The value of the maximum content of flammable gas (Tci) may be found in Table 2 of the ISO Standard ISO10156 edition 15.12.1990 (new: 1996 edition) relating to �Gases and gas mixtures � Determination of firepotential and oxidising ability for the selection of cylinder valve outlets�.

When a Tci value for a flammable gas does not appear in the above standard, the corresponding lowerexplosivity limit (LEL) will be used. If no LEL value exists, the value of Tci will be set at 1 % by volume.

Remarks:

� the expression above can be used to allow an appropriate labelling of gaseous preparations, however, itshould not be regarded as a method for replacing experimentation for the determination of technicalsafety parameters,

� furthermore, this expression gives no information as to whether a mixture containing oxidising gases canbe prepared safely. When estimating flammability these oxidising gases are not taken into account,

� the expression above will give reliable results only if the flammable gases do not influence each other asfar as their flammability is concerned. This has to be considered, e.g. with halogenated hydrocarbons.

9.1.1.2. Oxidising properties

Given the fact that Annex V to this Directive does not contain a method to determine the oxidising propertiesof gaseous mixtures, the evaluation of these properties must be realised according to the following estimationmethod.

The principle of the method is comparison of the oxidising potential of gases in a mixture with that of theoxidising potential of oxygen in air. The concentrations of gases in the mixture are expressed in % vol.

It is considered that the gas mixture is as oxidant as or more oxidant than air, if the following condition isverified:

Ri xiCi Å 21

where: xi is the concentration of gas i in % vol,

Ci is the coefficient of oxygen equivalency.

In this case, the preparation is classified as oxidising and the phrase R8 will be assigned.

Coefficients of equivalency between oxidising gases and oxygen


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The coefficients used in the calculation to determine the oxidising capacity of certain gases in a mixture withrespect to the oxidising capacity of oxygen in air, listed under 5.2 in the ISO Standard ISO 10156 edition15.12.1990 (new: 1996 edition) relating to �Gases and gas mixtures � Determination of fire potential andoxidising ability for the selection of cylinder valve outlets�, are the following.

O2 1

N2O 0,6

When no value for the Ci coefficient exists for a gas in the cited standard a value of 40 is attributed to thiscoefficient.

9.1.2. Labelling

For mobile gas containers the requirements concerning labelling are considered to be satisfied when they arein agreement with Article 11(6)(b) of Directive 1999/45/EC.

However, by way of derogation from Article 11(1) and (2), for gas containers with a water capacity of lessthan or equal to 150 litres, the format and dimensions of the label can follow the prescriptions of the ISOStandard 7225 (1994 edition) relating to �Gas cylinders � Precautionary labels�. In this case, the label canbear the generic name or industrial/commercial name of the preparation provided that the dangerouscomponent substances of the preparation are shown on the body of the gas cylinder in a clear and indelibleway.

The information specified in Article 10 may be provided on a durable information disc or label held captiveon the containers.

9.2. Gas containers intended for preparations containing stenched propane, butane or liquefied petroleumgas (LPG)

Propane, butane and liquefied petroleum gas are classified in Annex I. Although preparations containing thesesubstances are classified in accordance with Articles 5, 6 and 7 of Directive 1999/45/EC, they do not presenta danger to human health when they are placed on the market in closed refillable cylinders or non-refillablecartridges within the scope on EN 417 as fuel gases which are only released for combustion (EN 417,September 1992 edition, relating to �Non-refillable metallic gas cartridges for liquefied petroleum gases, withor without a valve, for use with portable appliances; construction, inspection, testing and marking�).

These cylinders and cartridges must be labelled with the appropriate symbol and the R- and S-phrasesconcerning flammability. No information concerning the effects on human health is required on the label.However, the information concerning effects on human health which should have appeared on the label shallbe transmitted to the professional user by the person responsible for placing the substance on the market inthe format foreseen in Article 14 of Directive 1999/45/EC. For the consumer, sufficient information shall betransmitted to enable them to take all necessary measures for health and safety as foreseen in Article 1(3) ofDirective 91/155/EEC.

9.3. Alloys, preparations containing polymers, preparations containing elastomers

These preparations shall be classified according to the requirements of Articles 5, 6 and 7 and labelledaccording to the requirements of Article 10 of Directive 1999/45/EC.

However some of these preparations although classified in accordance with Articles 6 and 7 do not present adanger to human health by inhalation, ingestion or contact with the skin or to the aquatic environment in theform in which they are placed on the market. Such preparations do not require a label according to Article10 or according to Annex V.B.9. However, all the information which would have appeared on the label shallbe transmitted to the professional user by means of an information system in a format foreseen in Article 14of the abovementioned Directive.


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9.4. Preparations classified with R65

Preparations classified as harmful on the basis of an aspiration hazard need not be labelled as harmful withR65 when placed on the market in aerosol containers or in containers fitted with a sealed spray attachment.

9.5. Organic peroxides

Organic peroxides combine the properties of an oxidiser and a combustible substance in one molecule: whenan organic peroxide decomposes, the oxidising part of the molecule reacts exothermically with thecombustible (oxidisable) part. For the oxidising properties the existing methods in Annex V cannot be appliedto the organic peroxides.

The following calculation method based on the presence of active oxygen must be used.

The available oxygen content (%) of an organic peroxide preparation is given by the formula:

16 × R (ni × ci/mi)

where:

ni = number of peroxygen groups per molecule of organic peroxide i

ci = concentration (mass %) of organic peroxide i

mi = molecular mass of organic peroxide i.

9.6. Additional labelling requirements for certain preparations

For certain preparations there are additional labelling requirements set out in Article 10(1)(2) of and Annex Vto Directive 1999/45/EC and Article 20 of Directive 98/8/EC.


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COMMISSION STATEMENT

With regard to section 4.1.5 and in particular to the last paragraph of section 4.1.5, the Commission states that, shouldit envisage making use of the procedure of Article 28, it is prepared to consult in advance appropriate expertsdesignated by Members States and having special qualifications with respect to either carcinogenicity, mutagenicity orreproductive toxicity.

This consultation will take place in the framework of the normal consultation procedure with national experts and/orin the framework of existing committees. The same will be the case when substances already included in Annex I mustbe reclassified in respect of their carcinogenic, mutagenic effects, or effects toxic to reproduction.


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APPENDIX 2

RATIONALE FOR ASSIGNMENTS OF R66 AND R67

INTRODUCTION

As part of the regulatory process to integrate Austria, Finland and Sweden into the EuropeanUnion (EU), a number of differences in national legislation were identified concerningclassification and labelling of dangerous chemicals. It was not possible however to resolvecompletely these issues, prior to the new countries joining the EU. The EU agreed therefore toallow the new Member States an extended consultation period on specific Accession Treatyissues.

One of the issues of concern to Sweden, was their existing legislation on the use of healthhazard labelling statements to warn about the potential for solvents to cause adverse effects onthe skin and the central nervous system. Following EU technical working group discussionsduring 1997/98, agreement was reached between Member States and a solution was included aspart of the 25th Adaptation to Technical Progress of the Dangerous Substances Directive (67/548EC). The 25th ATP (98/98/EC) was published on 30 December 1998 (OJ L355) and theprovisions need to be introduced into Member State legislation by July 1st 2000. Relevantsections of the Directive are reproduced in Appendix 3.

To accommodate the Swedish concerns, and additional health hazard categories, the 25th ATPintroduced two new Risk phrases as follows:

• ‘Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness and cracking’ (R66)• ‘Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizzyness’ (R67)

It is important to note that these two new risk phrases fall under the category of ‘supplementary’risk phrases. As such, application of these phrases alone does not result in the material beingclassified into one of the formal hazard categories, nor do they attract a warning symbol orindication of danger.

At the same time minor changes were made to the classification criteria for skin irritation andapplication of the risk phrase ‘Irritating to skin’ (R38).

Detailed criteria for the application of these phrases to substances and preparations were alsoagreed and included in the EU Classification guidance (Annex VI). This report considers theapplicability of these new risk phrases and criteria for the 37 generic groups of petroleumsubstances.

CLASSIFICATION

Skin Irritation

There are two aspects to the changes introduced by the 25th ATP which are relevant toclassification/labelling decisions for effects on the skin. It has been clarified that the phrase‘Irritating to skin’ (R38) now also applies to those chemicals which cause significant dermalirritation following either single or repeated skin contact. For those materials which do not meetthe criteria for R38, but never the less do cause skin dryness, flaking or cracking on repeated

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contact, the new phrase R66 is applicable. The agreed criteria for application of R66, whichappear in Annex VI, are as follows:

‘For substances and preparations which may cause concern as a result of skin dryness,flaking or cracking but which do not meet the criteria for R38:based on either:

• practical observation after normal handling and use, or• relevant evidence concerning their predicted effects on the skin.’

The skin provides an effective natural barrier, to the penetration of chemicals. Materials whichpenetrate the skin barrier and cause a significant local, non-immunological, inflammatory,response following single or repeated dermal exposure, clearly meet the EU criteria forclassification as ‘Irritating to the Skin’ (R38). These skin reactions are characterised by significantredness (erythema) and/or swelling (oedema). More serious skin effects, involving some degreeof skin destruction, would probably meet the criteria for classification as corrosive.

Other skin reactions, which may be referred to as irritation, do not in fact involve a directinflammatory response to contact with chemicals, but can involve a variety of mechanisms. Theaction of the chemical on the skin can result for example, in increased thickness of the upperlayers - a natural adaptive response to repeated insult, removal of natural oils and fats from theskin, increased flaking or loss of the surface layers - an increase in the rate of a natural process,or an increase in the water content of the skin layers. The severity of these effects will vary,depending on the action of the chemical concerned and the degree and duration of skinexposure. All of these effects can however be described as dermatitis and at least some wouldappear to meet the criteria for application of R66.

In general, petroleum hydrocarbon substances which are of low viscosity, lower molecular weightand higher aromaticity have a greater potential to cause skin irritation, particularly if contact isrepeated or prolonged. Furthermore, their irritation potential may be enhanced by specificphysico-chemical properties (e.g., low viscosity / high lipid solubility) which promote skinpenetration and drying of the skin due to removal of natural oils (skin defatting).

Review of data available on the skin effects of petroleum hydrocarbons (CONCAWE dossiers)suggest that materials such as gasoline naphthas, kerosines and cracked gas oils have thepotential to cause inflammation of the skin following short term and/or repeated skin contact.Such effects are seen in animal studies and supported by human experience. For highermolecular weight and viscosity hydrocarbon substances the effects are less pronounced andtake longer to develop. Data available suggest that materials such as gas oils, crude oil and fueloils can be expected to cause skin dryness and cracking on repeated or prolonged contact,whereas materials such as base oils, greases, bitumen only cause such skin effects underextreme exposure conditions.

On the basis of the above, recommendations with regard to the classification and labelling ofeach petroleum substance group for skin effects are given in Annex 1.

Central Nervous System

The new Risk phrase R67 is intended to cover substances and preparations which are bothvolatile and cause concern for their potential effects on the central nervous system followingacute, short-term inhalation exposure. It is not intended to be applied to those materials whichare already classified and labelled for acute inhalation toxicity.

The agreed criteria for application of R67, which appear in Annex VI, are as follows:

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‘For volatile substances and preparations containing such substances which cause clearsymptoms of central nervous system depression by inhalation and which are not alreadyclassified with respect to acute inhalation toxicity (R20, R23, R26, R40/20, R39/23 or R39/26).

The following evidence may be used:

(a) Data from animal studies, showing clear signs of CNS depression such asnarcotic effects, lethargy, lack of co-ordination (including loss of righting reflex) andataxia either:

- at concentrations/exposure times not exceeding 20 mg/l / 4 h or- for which the ratio of the effect concentration at < 4 h to the saturated vapour

concentration (SVC) at 20°C is < 1/10(b) Practical experience in. humans (e-g. narcosis, drowsiness, reduced alertness, loss of

reflexes, lack of co-ordination, vertigo) from well documented reports under comparableexposure conditions to the effects specified above for animals.’

From the published criteria, it is apparent that the focus for application of this phrase is on thosesubstances and preparations that are likely to give rise to significant concentrations of vapour at20°C and also cause effects on the central nervous system. In EC Directive 1999/13/EC volatileorganic compounds (VOCs) are defined as any organic compound which has a vapour pressureof 0.01 kPa or more at 20°C.Thus it is suggested that application of R67, is only applicable tothose petroleum substances which both meet the VOC criteria and are likely to cause CNSdepression at atmospheric concentrations consistent with those given in the R67 criteria. Ananalysis of the various petroleum substance groups against these criteria is as follows:

VOC

Based on vapour pressure curves for petroleum products and individual hydrocarbon species [1],it is clear that the following groups of petroleum substances meet the VOC criteria:⇒ Crude Oil (heavy crudes may not be sufficiently volatile)⇒ Petroleum Gases - highly volatile, exist as gases at ambient temperature/pressure⇒ Gasoline Naphthas⇒ Kerosines⇒ Gas oils - all groups including distillate fuels and vacuum gas oils

All other petroleum substance groups are considered to be outside the scope of the VOCdefinition and hence R67 is not applicable

It should be recognised that due to their complex composition, petroleum substances do nothave a single boiling point, hence boiling point ranges are quoted. There is also some overlapbetween the various with respect to initial and final boiling points.

Potential for CNS Effects

Data available on the potential of each of the groups which meet the VOC criteria to cause CNSeffects are considered briefly below. Details of the studies considered are shown in Appendix 2.

⇒ Crude Oil: There are no data available on the acute CNS effects of inhalation exposure tocrude oil. However crude oils do contain variable amounts of volatile hydrocarbons and maygive rise to biologically significant amounts of vapour at ambient temperature. Some heaviercrude oils may not be sufficiently volatile but in the absence of relevant vapour pressure data,it is recommended that R67 be applied as a default.

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⇒ Petroleum Gases: Data on the acute CNS effects of petroleum gases are limited. Reviews ofanimal and human data [2-6] suggest however that acute reversible effects on the CNS canoccur at atmospheric concentrations below 20 mg/l (~10,000 ppm). Such concentrations arehigher than the lower explosive limit and are unlikely to be reached, except in exceptionalcircumstances such as wilful abuse. It is recommended that R67 does not apply topetroleum gases.

⇒ Gasoline Naphthas: Inhalation data available suggest that acute CNS effects can occur atconcentrations below 20 mg/l (vapour). Summary data on a range of gasoline naphthasamples are shown in Table 1. It is recommended that R67 be applied to this group ofpetroleum substances.

⇒ Kerosines: Acute inhalation data available for a range of kerosines and similar hydrocarbonsolvents are shown in Table 1. These data show that CNS effects do not occur at levelsbelow the saturated vapour concentration (SVC) and that the acute LC50 values are greaterthan the SVC. On the basis of these data it is suggested that kerosines are not sufficientlyvolatile to give rise to vapour concentrations which will cause CNS effects. R67 is thereforenot considered applicable.

⇒ Gas oils: The majority of gas oils have boiling points in the range 150 - 400°C, with flashpoints greater than 60°C. They are less volatile than kerosines and hence do not give rise tosufficient vapour to cause CNS effects at concentrations less than the SVC. The acuteinhalation toxicity data available indicate that exposures are predominantly in aerosol form.

Conclusion

Review of the published criteria for application of the new Risk phrases R66 and R67, togetherwith information on physical-chemical properties and the acute inhalation toxicity, indicate thatsome groups of petroleum substances will need to be assigned the new Risk phrases. Ingeneral, it is the lighter, lower molecular weight hydrocarbon materials which are likely to exhibitthe hazardous properties necessary to meet the criteria. Recommendations for application ofthese phrases are given in the Annexes which follow.

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Annex 1

Classification and Labelling of Petroleum Substance Groups for Skin Effects

Petroleum SubstanceGroup

Skin IrritationPhrase

Comments

Crude Oil None or R66 Some light crudes will contain sufficient lighthydrocarbons to cause skin dryness andcracking on repeated contact. Decision on acase by case basis.

Petroleum GasesOther Gases

None Not expected to cause skin effects other thancold burns if liquefied under pressure..

Gasoline NaphthasKerosinesCracked Gas Oils

R38 Cause significant inflammation following shortand/or repeated contact

Straight-run Gas OilsHydrocracked Gas OilsVacuum Gas OilsOther Gas OilsDistillate Fuels (GO)Heavy Fuel OilsUntreated DAEsTreated DAEs

R66 Expected to penetrate skin, causing skindryness/cracking due to low viscosity and phys-chem properties.For untreated and treated DAEs data availableon the effects of repeated skin contact with lightparaffinic and naphthenic extracts suggest thatR66 should apply unless data are available toshow otherwise.

GreasesUnrefined Base OilsRefined Base OilsOther Base OilsResidual ExtractsWaxesFoots OilsSlack WaxPetrolatumsUsed and Rerefined oilsBitumenPetroleum Coke

None Not expected to cause significant skin drynessand cracking, due to higher molecular weightand viscosity.

Other ExtractsReclaim SubstancesOther PetroleumSubstances

None Case by case basis

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Annex 2

Acute Inhalation Studies with Hydrocarbons

Material VapourLC50(mg/l)

NOAEC(mg/l)

Sat. Vap.Concn.(mg/l)

BoilingPoint(°°°°C)

FlashPoint(°°°°C)

Comment Reference

Rubber Solvent G 61 11 180 61-98 -27 CNS effects [7]

Mixed Xylenes G 29 2.5 46 123-127 11 CNS effects [8]

Stoddard solventG/K

>8.2 4.6 8.2 138-180 28 CNS effects [9]

70 Solvent G/K >4.4 2.7 4.4 143-196 n/a CNS effects [10]60 Solvent G 24 3.4 46 114-145 15 CNS effects [11]50 Thinner G 33 5.2 ~95 83-91 <-10 CNS effects [12]80 Thinner G 27 3.5 34 82-128 15 CNS effects [13]V&P Naphtha G 16 4 NA 81-96 -18 CNS effects [14]Heavy cat crackednaphtha G/K

>5.74 NA NA 107-227 n/a languidbehaviour

[15]

Light alkylate G >5.04 NA n/a 25-152 n/a languidbehaviour

[16]

Cat crackednaphtha G

>5.28 NA NA 16-132 n/a languidbehaviour

[17]

Toluene concn. G 35 6.8 500 81-96 -18 CNS effects [18]Stoddard solventK

>5.25 NA NA 146-185 30 Decreasedactivity

[19]

Deodorisedkerosine K

> 0.14 0.14 0.14 193-258 66 No CNS effects [13]

40 Thinner K >0.25 0.25 0.25 172-216 35 No CNS effects [20]Hydro-desuplurisedkerosine K

>5.2 5.2 - 169-265 46 No CNS effects [21]

LCCN G/K >5.05 5.05 NA 31-123 NA No CNS effects [22]LCCN G/K >5.22 5.22 NA 41-184 NA No CNS effects [23]HCR G/K >5.04 5.04 NA 106-171 29 No CNS effects [24]Straight runKerosine K

>5.28 - - 100-257 48 Decreasedactivity

[25]

LCCD K 4.65 2.34 - 180-325 47 Decreasedactivity

[26]

Straight run MD - - - 171-376 61 No vapour onlyparticles

[27]

G = Gasoline naphtha, K = Kerosine, MD = Gas Oil

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REFERENCES

1. Rose, J.W. and Cooper J.R. (1977) Technical data on fuel. London: The British NationalCommittee

2. CONCAWE (1992) Liquefied petroleum gas. Product Dossier No. 92/102. Brussels:CONCAWE

3. Gezondheidsraad (2000) Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Health-based reassessment ofthe current administrative occupational exposure limit in the Netherlands. Den Haag:Gezondheidsraad (draft report)

4. ACGIH (1992) Documentation for TLVs for LPG. Cincinnati OH: American Conference ofGovernmental Industrial Hygienists

5. ACGIH (1992) Documentation for TLVs for propane. Cincinnati OH: AmericanConference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists

6. ACGIH (1991) Documentation for TLVs for butane. Cincinnati OH: American Conferenceof Governmental Industrial Hygienists

7. Carpenter, C.P. et al (1975) Petroleum hydrocarbon toxicity studies. IV. Animal andhuman response to vapors of rubber solvent. Toxicol Applied Pharmacol 33, 526-542

8. Carpenter, C.P. et al (1975) Petroleum hydrocarbon toxicity studies. V. Animal andhuman response to vapors of mixed xylenes. Toxicol Applied Pharmacol 33, 543-558

9. Carpenter, C.P. et al (1975) Petroleum hydrocarbon toxicity studies. III. Animal andhuman response to vapors of Stoddard solvent. Toxicol Applied Pharmacol 32, 2, 282-297

10. Carpenter, C.P. et al (1975) Petroleum hydrocarbon toxicity studies. VII. Animal andhuman response to vapors of “70 solvent”. Toxicol Applied Pharmacol 34, 395-412

11. Carpenter, C.P. et al (1975) Petroleum hydrocarbon toxicity studies. VI. Animal andhuman responses to vapors of “60 solvent”. Toxicol Applied Pharmacol 34, 374-394

12. Carpenter, C.P. et al (1976) Petroleum hydrocarbon toxicity studies. X. Animal andhuman response to vapors of “50 thinner”. Toxicol Applied Pharmacol 36, 427-442

13. Carpenter, C.P. et al (1976) Petroleum hydrocarbon toxicity studies. XI. Animal andhuman response to vapors of deodorized kerosene. Toxicol Applied Pharmacol 36, 443-456

14. Carpenter, C.P. et al (1975) Petroleum hydrocarbon toxicity studies. II. Animal andhuman response to vapors of varnish makers’ and painters’ naphtha. Toxicol AppliedPharmacol 32, 2, 263-281

15. API (1987) Acute inhalation toxicity evaluation of a petroleum derived hydrocarbon inrats. API 83-18 heavy catalytic cracked naphtha (CAS 64741-54-4). API Health Environ.Sci. Dep. Rep. 34-32776. Washington DC: American Petroleum Institute

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16. API (1987) Acute inhalation toxicity evaluation of a petroleum derived hydrocarbon inrats. API 83-19 light alkylate naphtha (CAS 64741-66-8). API Health Environ. Sci. Dep.Rep. 34-30636. Washington DC: American Petroleum Institute

17. API (1987) Acute inhalation toxicity evaluation of a petroleum derived hydrocarbon inrats. API 83-20 light catalytic cracked naphtha (CAS 64741-55-5). API Health Environ.Sci. Dep. Rep. 34-32777. Washington DC: American Petroleum Institute

18. Carpenter, C.P. et al (1976) Petroleum hydrocarbon toxicity studies. XIII. Animal andhuman response to vapors of toluene concentrate. Toxicol Applied Pharmacol 36, 473-490

19. API (1987) Acute inhalation toxicity evaluation of a petroleum derived hydrocarbon inrats. API 85-01 Stoddard solvent (CAS 8052-41-3). API Health Environ. Sci. Dep. Rep.34-32779. Washington DC: American Petroleum Institute

20. Carpenter, C.P. et al (1976) Petroleum hydrocarbon toxicity studies. XII. Animal andhuman response to vapors of “40 thinner”. Toxicol Applied Pharmacol 36, 457-472

21. API (1983) LC50 acute inhalation toxicity evaluation of a petroleum derived hydrocarbonin rats. API 81-07 hydrodesulfurized kerosine. API Med. Res. Publ. 30-32855.Washington DC: American Petroleum Institute

22. API (1984) Acute inhalation toxicity evaluation of a petroleum derived hydrocarbon inrats. API 83-04 light catalytically reformed naphtha (CAS 64741-63-5). API Med. Res.Publ. 31-30613. Washington DC: American Petroleum Institute

23. API (1984) Acute inhalation toxicity evaluation of a petroleum derived hydrocarbon inrats. API 83-05 full range catalytically reformed naphtha (CAS 68955-35-1). API Med.Res. Publ. 31-30681. Washington DC: American Petroleum Institute

24. API (1985) Acute inhalation toxicity evaluation of a petroleum derived hydrocarbon inrats. API 83-06 heavy catalytically reformed naphtha. API Med. Res. Publ. 32-32169.Washington DC: American Petroleum Institute

25. API (1989) Twenty-four month dermal carcinogenesis/chronic toxicity screening bioassayof refinery streams in C3H/HeJ mice. API 83-09 straight run kerosine. API HealthEnviron. Sci. Dep. Rep. 36-33220. Washington DC: American Petroleum Institute

26. API (1986) Acute inhalation toxicity evaluation in rats. API 83-08 light catalyticallycracked distillate (CAS 64741-59-9). API Health Environ. Sci. Dep. Rep. 33-30444.Washington DC: American Petroleum Institute

27. API (1987) Acute inhalation toxicity evaluation of a petroleum derived hydrocarbon inrats. API 83-11 straight run middle distillate (CAS 64741-44-2). API Med. Res. Publ.34-30635. Washington DC: American Petroleum Institute

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APPENDIX 3

LISTINGS OF PETROLEUM SUBSTANCES

3A. Groups of Petroleum Substances (EINECS Number Order)

3B. Petroleum Substances (EINECS Number Order) with Short Names

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APPENDIX 3A

Groups of Petroleum Substances (EINECS No. order)

CRUDE OIL Short name: Crude oil

EINECS CAS No. INDEX No. SUBSTANCE

232-298-5 8002-05-9 649-049-00-5 Petroleum

PETROLEUM GASES Short name: Petroleum gas


200-827-9 74-98-6 601-003-00-5 Propane, liquefied C3H8203-448-7 106-97-8 601-004-00-0 Butane, pure C4H10268-629-5 68131-75-9 649-177-00-1 Gases (petroleum), C3-4269-617-2 68307-98-2 649-178-00-7 Tail gas (petroleum), catalytic cracked distillate and catalytic cracked

naphtha fractionation absorber.269-618-8 68307-99-3 649-179-00-2 Tail gas (petroleum), catalytic polymn. naphtha fractionation stabilizer269-619-3 68308-00-9 649-180-00-8 Tail gas (petroleum), catalytic reformed naphtha fractionation

stabilizer, hydrogen sulfide-free269-620-9 68308-01-0 649-181-00-3 Tail gas (petroleum), cracked distillate hydrotreater stripper269-623-5 68308-03-2 649-183-00-4 Tail gas (petroleum), gas oil catalytic cracking absorber269-624-0 68308-04-3 649-184-00-X Tail gas (petroleum), gas recovery plant269-625-6 68308-05-4 649-185-00-5 Tail gas (petroleum), gas recovery plant deethanizer269-626-1 68308-06-5 649-186-00-0 Tail gas (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized distillate and

hydrodesulfurized naphtha fractionator, acid-free269-627-7 68308-07-6 649-187-00-6 Tail gas (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized vacuum gas oil stripper,

hydrogen sulfide-free269-628-2 68308-08-7 649-210-00-X Tail gas (petroleum), isomerized naphtha fractionation stabilizer269-629-8 68308-09-8 649-188-00-1 Tail gas (petroleum), light straight-run naphtha stabilizer, hydrogen

sulfide-free269-630-3 68308-10-1 649-182-00-9 Tail gas (petroleum), straight-run distillate hydrodesulfurizer,

hydrogen sulfide-free269-631-9 68308-11-2 649-189-00-7 Tail gas (petroleum), propane-propylene alkylation feed prep

deethanizer269-632-4 68308-12-3 649-190-00-2 Tail gas (petroleum), vacuum gas oil hydrodesulfurizer, hydrogen

sulfide-free270-071-2 68409-99-4 649-191-00-8 Gases (petroleum), catalytic cracked overheads270-651-5 68475-57-0 649-193-00-9 Alkanes, C1-2270-652-0 68475-58-1 649-194-00-4 Alkanes, C2-3270-653-6 68475-59-2 649-195-00-X Alkanes, C3-4270-654-1 68475-60-5 649-196-00-5 Alkanes, C4-5270-667-2 68476-26-6 649-197-00-0 Fuel gases270-670-9 68476-29-9 649-198-00-6 Fuel gases, crude oil distillates270-681-9 68476-40-4 649-199-00-1 Hydrocarbons, C3-4270-682-4 68476-42-6 649-200-00-5 Hydrocarbons, C4-5270-689-2 68476-49-3 649-201-00-0 Hydrocarbons, C2-4, C3-rich270-704-2 68476-85-7 649-202-00-6 Petroleum gases, liquefied270-705-8 68476-86-8 649-203-00-1 Petroleum gases, liquefied, sweetened270-724-1 68477-33-8 649-204-00-7 Gases (petroleum), C3-4, isobutane-rich270-726-2 68477-35-0 649-205-00-2 Distillates (petroleum), C3-6, piperylene-rich270-750-3 68477-69-0 649-206-00-3 Gases (petroleum), butane splitter overheads270-751-9 68477-70-3 649-207-00-3 Gases (petroleum), C2-3270-752-4 68477-71-4 649-208-00-9 Gases (petroleum), catalytic-cracked gas oil depropanizer bottoms,

C4-rich acid-free270-754-5 68477-72-5 649-209-00-4 Gases (petroleum), catalytic-cracked naphtha debutanizer bottoms,

C3-5-rich270-755-0 68477-73-6 649-062-00-6 Gases (petroleum), catalytic cracked naphtha depropanizer

overhead, C3-rich acid-free270-756-6 68477-74-7 649-063-00-1 Gases (petroleum), catalytic cracker270-757-1 68477-75-8 649-064-00-7 Gases (petroleum), catalytic cracker, C1-5-rich

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270-758-7 68477-76-9 649-065-00-2 Gases (petroleum), catalytic polymd. naphtha stabilizer overhead,C2-4-rich

270-760-8 68477-79-2 649-066-00-8 Gases (petroleum), catalytic reformer, C1-4-rich270-765-5 68477-83-8 649-067-00-3 Gases (petroleum), C3-5 olefinic-paraffinic alkylation feed270-767-6 68477-85-0 649-068-00-9 Gases (petroleum), C4-rich270-768-1 68477-86-1 649-069-00-4 Gases (petroleum), deethanizer overheads270-769-7 68477-87-2 649-070-00-X Gases (petroleum), deisobutanizer tower overheads270-772-3 68477-90-7 649-071-00-5 Gases (petroleum), depropanizer dry, propene-rich270-773-9 68477-91-8 649-072-00-0 Gases (petroleum), depropanizer overheads270-777-0 68477-94-1 649-073-00-6 Gases (petroleum), gas recovery plant depropanizer overheads270-778-6 68477-95-2 649-074-00-1 Gases (petroleum), Girbatol unit feed270-782-8 68477-99-6 649-075-00-7 Gases (petroleum), isomerized naphtha fractionator, C4-rich,

hydrogen sulfide-free270-802-5 68478-21-7 649-076-00-2 Tail gas (petroleum), catalytic cracked clarified oil and thermal

cracked vacuum residue fractionation reflex drum270-803-0 68478-22-8 649-077-00-8 Tail gas (petroleum), catalytic cracked naphtha stabilization absorber270-804-6 68478-24-0 649-078-00-3 Tail gas (petroleum), catalytic cracker, catalytic reformer and

hydrodesulfurizer combined fractionater270-806-7 68478-26-2 649-079-00-9 Tail gas (petroleum), catalytic reformed naphtha fractionation

stabilizer270-813-5 68478-32-0 649-080-00-4 Tail gas (petroleum), saturate gas plant mixed stream, C4-rich270-814-0 68478-33-1 649-081-00-X Tail gas (petroleum), saturate gas recovery plant, C1-2-rich270-815-6 68478-34-2 649-082-00-5 Tail gas (petroleum), vacuum residues thermal cracker270-990-9 68512-91-4 649-083-00-0 Hydrocarbons, C3-4-rich, petroleum distillate271-000-8 68513-15-5 649-084-00-6 Gases (petroleum), full-range straight-run naphtha dehexanizer off271-001-3 68513-16-6 649-085-00-1 Gases (petroleum), hydrocracking depropanizer off, hydrocarbon-rich271-002-9 68513-17-7 649-086-00-7 Gases (petroleum), light straight-run naphtha stabilizer off271-010-2 68513-66-6 649-087-00-2 Residues (petroleum), alkylation splitter, C4-rich271-032-2 68514-31-8 649-088-00-8 Hydrocarbons, C1-4271-038-5 68514-36-3 649-089-00-3 Hydrocarbons, C1-4, sweetened271-259-7 68527-16-2 649-090-00-9 Hydrocarbons, C1-3271-261-8 68527-19-5 649-091-00-4 Hydrocarbons, C1-4, debutanizer fraction271-624-0 68602-83-5 649-092-00-X Gases (petroleum), C1-5, wet271-734-9 68606-25-7 649-093-00-5 Hydrocarbons, C2-4271-735-4 68606-26-8 649-094-00-0 Hydrocarbons, C3271-737-5 68606-27-9 649-095-00-6 Gases (petroleum), alkylation feed271-742-2 68606-34-8 649-096-00-1 Gases (petroleum), depropanizer bottoms fractionation off272-183-7 68783-07-3 649-097-00-7 Gases (petroleum), refinery blend272-203-4 68783-64-2 649-098-00-2 Gases (petroleum), catalytic cracking272-205-5 68783-65-3 649-099-00-8 Gases (petroleum), C2-4, sweetened272-871-7 68918-99-0 649-100-00-1 Gases (petroleum), crude oil fractionation off272-872-2 68919-00-6 649-101-00-7 Gas (petroleum), dehexanizer off272-878-5 68919-05-1 649-102-00-2 Gases (petroleum), light straight run gasoline fractionation stabilizer

off272-879-0 68919-06-2 649-103-00-8 Gases (petroleum), naphtha unifiner desulfurization stripper off272-882-7 68919-09-5 649-104-00-3 Gases (petroleum), straight-run naphtha catalytic reforming off272-883-2 68919-10-8 649-106-00-4 Gases (petroleum), straight-run stabilizer off272-893-7 68919-20-0 649-105-00-9 Gases (petroleum), fluidized catalytic cracker splitter overheads273-169-3 68952-76-1 649-107-00-X Gases (petroleum), catalytic cracked naphtha debutanizer273-170-9 68952-77-2 649-108-00-5 Tail gas (petroleum), catalytic cracked distillate and naphtha

stabilizer273-175-6 68952-81-8 649-109-00-0 Tail gas (petroleum), thermal-cracked distillate, gas oil and naphtha

absorber273-176-1 68952-82-9 649-110-00-6 Tail gas (petroleum), thermal cracked hydrocarbon fractionation

stabilizer, petroleum coking273-265-5 68955-28-2 649-111-00-1 Gases (petroleum), light steam-cracked, butadiene conc.273-270-2 68955-34-0 649-112-00-7 Gases (petroleum), straight-run naphtha catalytic reformer stabilizer

overhead289-339-5 87741-01-3 649-113-00-2 Hydrocarbons, C4292-456-4 90622-55-2 649-114-00-8 Alkanes, C1-4, C3-rich295-404-9 92045-22-2 649-115-00-3 Gases (petroleum), steam-cracker C3-rich295-405-4 92045-23-3 649-116-00-9 Hydrocarbons, C4, steam-cracker distillate295-463-0 92045-80-2 649-117-00-4 Petroleum gases, liquefied, sweetened, C4 fraction306-004-1 95465-89-7 649-118-00-X Hydrocarbons, C4, 1,3-butadiene- and isobutene-free307-769-4 97722-19-5 649-119-00-5 Raffinates (petroleum), steam-cracked C4 fraction cuprous

ammonium acetate extn., C3-5 and C3-5 unsatd., butadiene-free

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LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHAS (GASOLINES) Short name: Low boiling point naphtha


232-349-1 8006-61-9 649-261-00-8 Gasoline, natural232-443-2 8030-30-6 649-262-00-3 Naphtha232-453-7 8032-32-4 649-263-00-9 Ligroine265-041-0 64741-41-9 649-264-00-4 Naphtha (petroleum), heavy straight-run265-042-6 64741-42-0 649-265-00-X Naphtha (petroleum), full-range straight-run265-046-8 64741-46-4 649-266-00-5 Naphtha (petroleum), light straight-run265-192-2 64742-89-8 649-267-00-0 Solvent naphtha (petroleum), light aliph.270-077-5 68410-05-9 649-268-00-6 Distillates (petroleum), straight-run Light271-025-4 68514-15-8 649-269-00-1 Gasoline, vapour-recovery271-727-0 68606-11-1 649-270-00-7 Gasoline, straight-run, topping-plant272-186-3 68783-12-0 649-271-00-2 Naphtha (petroleum), unsweetened272-931-2 68921-08-4 649-272-00-8 Distillates (petroleum), light straight-run gasoline fractionation

stabilizer overheads309-945-6 101631-20-3 649-273-00-3 Naphtha (petroleum), heavy straight-run, arom.-contg.

LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHAS (GASOLINES) Short name: Low boiling point modified naphtha


265-066-7 64741-64-6 649-274-00-9 Naphtha (petroleum), full-range alkylate265-067-2 64741-65-7 649-275-00-4 Naphtha (petroleum), heavy alkylate265-068-8 64741-66-8 649-276-00-X Naphtha (petroleum), light alkylate265-073-5 64741-70-4 649-277-00-5 Naphtha (petroleum), isomerization265-086-6 64741-84-0 649-278-00-0 Naphtha (petroleum), solvent-refined light265-095-5 64741-92-0 649-279-00-6 Naphtha (petroleum), solvent-refined heavy270-088-5 68410-71-9 649-280-00-1 Raffinates (petroleum), catalytic reformer ethylene glycol-water

countercurrent exts.270-349-3 68425-35-4 649-281-00-7 Raffinates (petroleum), reformer, Lurgi unit. sepd.271-267-0 68527-27-5 649-282-00-2 Naphtha (petroleum), full-range alkylate, butane-contg.295-315-5 91995-53-8 649-283-00-8 Distillates (petroleum), naphtha steam cracking-derived, solvent-

refined light295-430-0 92045-49-3 649-284-00-3 Naphtha (petroleum), C4-12 butane-alkylate, isooctane-rich295-436-3 92045-55-1 649-285-00-9 Hydrocarbons, hydrotreated light naphtha distillates, solvent-refined295-440-5 92045-58-4 649-286-00-4 Naphtha (petroleum), isomerization, C6-fraction295-446-8 92045-64-2 649-287-00-X Hydrocarbons, C6-7, naphtha-cracking, solvent-refined309-871-4 101316-67-0 649-288-00-5 Hydrocarbons, C6-rich, hydrotreated light naphtha distillates, solvent-

refined

LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHAS (GASOLINES) Short name: Low boiling point cat-cracked naphtha


265-055-7 64741-54-4 649-289-00-0 Naphtha (petroleum), heavy catalytic cracked265-056-2 64741-55-5 649-290-00-6 Naphtha (petroleum), light catalytic cracked270-686-6 68476-46-0 649-291-00-1 Hydrocarbons, C3-C11 catalytic cracker distillates272-185-8 68783-09-5 649-292-00-7 Naphtha (petroleum), catalytic cracked light distd.295-311-3 91995-50-5 649-293-00-2 Distillates (petroleum), naphtha steam cracking-derived, hydrotreated

light arom.295-431-6 92045-50-6 649-294-00-8 Naphtha (petroleum), heavy catalytic cracked, sweetened295-441-0 92045-59-5 649-295-00-3 Naphtha (petroleum), light catalytic cracked sweetened295-794-0 92128-94-4 649-296-00-9 Hydrocarbons, C8-12, catalytic-cracking, chem. neutralized309-974-4 101794-97-2 649-297-00-4 Hydrocarbons, C8-12, catalytic cracker distillates309-987-5 101896-28-0 649-298-00-X Hydrocarbons, C8-12, catalytic cracking, chem. neutralized,

sweetened

LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHAS (GASOLINES) Short name: Low boiling point cat-reformed naphtha


265-065-1 64741-63-5 649-299-00-5 Naphtha (petroleum), light catalytic reformed265-070-9 64741-68-0 649-300-00-9 Naphtha (petroleum), heavy catalytic reformed

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270-660-4 68475-79-6 649-301-00-4 Distillates (petroleum), catalytic reformed depentanizer270-687-1 68476-47-1 649-302-00-X Hydrocarbons, C2-6, C6-8 catalytic reformer270-794-3 68478-15-9 649-303-00-5 Residues (petroleum), C6-8, catalytic reformer270-993-5 68513-03-1 649-304-00-0 Naphtha (petroleum), light catalytic reformed, arom.-free271-008-1 68513-63-3 649-305-00-6 Distillates (petroleum), catalytic reformed straight-run naphtha

overheads271-058-4 68514-79-4 649-306-00-1 Petroleum products, hydrofiner-powerformer reformates272-895-8 68919-37-9 649-307-00-7 Naphtha (petroleum), full-range reformed273-271-8 68955-35-1 649-308-00-2 Naphtha (petroleum), catalytic reformed285-509-8 85116-58-1 649-309-00-8 Distillates (petroleum), catalytic reformed hydrotreated light, C8-12

arom.295-279-0 91995-18-5 649-310-00-3 Aromatic hydrocarbons, C8, catalytic reforming-derived297-401-8 93571-75-6 649-311-00-9 Aromatic hydrocarbons, C7-12, C8-rich297-458-9 93572-29-3 649-312-00-4 Gasoline, C5-C11, high-octane stabilized reformed297-465-7 93572-35-1 649-313-00-X Hydrocarbons, C7-12 C>9-arom.-rich, reforming heavy fraction297-466-2 93572-36-2 649-314-00-5 Hydrocarbons, C5-11, nonaroms.-rich, reforming light fraction

LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHAS (GASOLINES) Short name: Low boiling point thermally cracked naphtha


265-075-6 64741-74-8 649-316-00-6 Naphtha (petroleum), light thermal cracked265-085-0 64741-83-9 649-317-00-1 Naphtha (petroleum), heavy thermal cracked267-563-4 67891-79-6 649-318-00-7 Distillates (petroleum), heavy arom.267-565-5 67891-80-9 649-319-00-2 Distillates (petroleum), light arom.270-344-6 68425-29-6 649-320-00-8 Distillates (petroleum), naphtha-raffinate pyrolyzate-derived,

gasoline-blending270-658-3 68475-70-7 649-321-00-3 Aromatic hydrocarbons, C6-8, naphtha-raffinate pyrolyzate-derived271-631-9 68603-00-9 649-322-00-9 Distillates (petroleum), thermal cracked naphtha and gas oil271-632-4 68603-01-0 649-323-00-4 Distillates (petroleum), thermal cracked naphtha and gas oil, C5-

dimer-contg.271-634-5 68603-03-2 649-324-00-X Distillates (petroleum), thermal cracked naphtha and gas oil,

extractive273-266-0 68955-29-3 649-325-00-5 Distillates (petroleum), light thermal cracked, debutanized arom.295-447-3 92045-65-3 649-326-00-0 Naphtha (petroleum), light thermal cracked, sweetened

LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHAS (GASOLINES) Short name: Low boiling point hydrogen treated naphtha


265-150-3 64742-48-9 649-327-00-6 Naphtha (petroleum), hydrotreated heavy265-151-9 64742-49-0 649-328-00-1 Naphtha (petroleum), hydrotreated light265-178-6 64742-73-0 649-329-00-7 Naphtha (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized light265-185-4 64742-82-1 649-330-00-2 Naphtha (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized heavy270-092-7 68410-96-8 649-331-00-8 Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated middle, intermediate boiling270-093-2 68410-97-9 649-332-00-3 Distillates (petroleum), light distillate hydrotreating process, low-

boiling270-094-8 68410-98-0 649-333-00-9 Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated heavy naphtha, deisohexanizer

overheads270-988-8 68512-78-7 649-334-00-4 Solvent naphtha (petroleum), light arom., hydrotreated285-511-9 85116-60-5 649-335-00-X Naphtha (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized thermal cracked light285-512-4 85116-61-6 649-336-00-5 Naphtha (petroleum), hydrotreated light, cycloalkane-contg295-432-1 92045-51-7 649-337-00-0 Naphtha (petroleum), heavy steam-cracked, hydrogenated295-433-7 92045-52-8 649-338-00-6 Naphtha (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized full-range295-438-4 92045-57-3 649-339-00-1 Naphtha (petroleum), hydrotreated light steam-cracked295-443-1 92045-61-9 649-340-00-7 Hydrocarbons, C4-12, naphtha-cracking, hydrotreated295-529-9 92062-15-2 649-341-00-2 Solvent naphtha (petroleum), hydrotreated light naphthenic296-942-7 93165-55-0 649-342-00-8 Naphtha (petroleum), light steam-cracked, hydrogenated.297-852-0 93763-33-8 649-343-00-3 Hydrocarbons, C6-11, hydrotreated, dearomatized.297-853-6 93763-34-9 649-344-00-9 Hydrocarbons, C9-12, hydrotreated, dearomatized.

LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHAS (GASOLINES) Short name: Low boiling point naphtha – unspecified


232-489-3 8052-41-3 649-345-00-4 Stoddard solvent

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265-047-3 64741-47-5 649-346-00-X Natural gas condensates (petroleum)265-048-9 64741-48-6 649-347-00-5 Natural gas (petroleum), raw liq. mix265-071-4 64741-69-1 649-348-00-0 Naphtha (petroleum), light hydrocracked265-079-8 64741-78-2 649-349-00-6 Naphtha (petroleum), heavy hydrocracked265-089-2 64741-87-3 649-350-00-1 Naphtha (petroleum), sweetened265-115-2 64742-15-0 649-351-00-7 Naphtha (petroleum), acid-treated265-122-0 64742-22-9 649-352-00-2 Naphtha (petroleum), chemically neutralized heavy265-123-6 64742-23-0 649-353-00-8 Naphtha (petroleum), chemically neutralized light265-170-2 64742-66-1 649-354-00-3 Naphtha (petroleum), catalytic dewaxed265-187-5 64742-83-2 649-355-00-9 Naphtha (petroleum), light steam-cracked265-199-0 64742-95-6 649-356-00-4 Solvent naphtha (petroleum), light arom.268-618-5 68131-49-7 649-357-00-X Aromatic hydrocarbons, C6-10, acid-treated, neutralized270-690-8 68476-50-6 649-401-00-8 Hydrocarbons, C>=5, C5-6-rich270-695-5 68476-55-1 649-402-00-3 Hydrocarbons, C5-rich*270-725-7 68477-34-9 649-358-00-5 Distillates (petroleum), C3-C5, 2-methyl-2-butene-rich270-735-1 68477-50-9 649-359-00-0 Distillates (petroleum), polymd. steam-cracked petroleum distillates,

C5-12 fraction270-736-7 68477-53-2 649-360-00-6 Distillates (petroleum), steam-cracked, C5-12 fraction270-738-8 68477-55-4 NONE Distillates (petroleum), steam-cracked, C5-10 fraction-, mixed with

light steam-cracked petroleum naphtha C5 fraction270-741-4 68477-61-2 NONE Extracts (petroleum), cold-acid, C4-6270-771-8 68477-89-4 649-363-00-2 Distillates (petroleum), depentanizer overheads270-791-7 68478-12-6 649-364-00-8 Residues (petroleum), butane splitter bottoms270-795-9 68478-16-0 649-365-00-3 Residual oils (petroleum), deisobutanizer tower270-991-4 68513-02-0 649-366-00-9 Naphtha (petroleum), full-range coker271-138-9 68516-20-1 649-367-00-4 Naphtha (petroleum), steam-cracked middle arom.271-262-3 68527-21-9 649-368-00-X Naphtha (petroleum), clay-treated full-range straight-run271-263-9 68527-22-0 649-369-00-5 Naphtha (petroleum), clay-treated light straight-run271-264-4 68527-23-1 649-370-00-0 Naphtha (petroleum), light steam-cracked arom.271-266-5 68527-26-4 649-371-00-6 Naphtha (petroleum), light steam-cracked, debenzenized271-635-0 68603-08-7 649-372-00-1 Naphtha (petroleum), arom.-contg271-726-5 68606-10-0 649-373-00-7 Gasoline, pyrolysis, debutanizer bottoms272-206-0 68783-66-4 649-374-00-2 Naphtha (petroleum), light, sweetened272-896-3 68919-39-1 649-375-00-8 Natural gas condensates272-932-8 68921-09-5 649-376-00-3 Distillates (petroleum), naphtha unifiner stripper285-510-3 85116-59-2 649-377-00-9 Naphtha (petroleum), catalytic reformed light, arom.-free fraction289-220-8 86290-81-5 649-378-00-4 Gasoline292-695-4 90989-39-2 NONE Aromatic hydrocarbons, C8-10292-698-0 90989-42-7 649-379-00-X Aromatic hydrocarbons, C7-8, dealkylation products, distn. residues295-298-4 91995-38-9 649-380-00-5 Hydrocarbons, C4-C6, depentanizer lights, arom. hydrotreater295-302-4 91995-41-4 649-381-00-0 Distillates (petroleum), heat-soaked steam-cracked naphtha, C5-

rich295-331-2 91995-68-5 649-382-00-6 Extracts (petroleum), catalytic reformed light naphtha solvent295-434-2 92045-53-9 649-383-00-1 Naphtha (petroleum), hydrodesulphurized light, dearomatized295-442-6 92045-60-8 649-384-00-7 Naphtha (petroleum), light, C5-rich, sweetened295-444-7 92045-62-0 649-385-00-2 Hydrocarbons, C8-11, naphtha-cracking, toluene cut295-445-2 92045-63-1 649-386-00-8 Hydrocarbons, C4-11 naphtha-cracking, arom.-free296-028-8 92201-97-3 649-387-00-3 Naphtha (petroleum), light heat-soaked, steam-cracked296-903-4 93165-19-6 649-388-00-9 Distillates (petroleum), C6-rich302-639-3 94114-03-1 649-389-00-4 Gasoline, pyrolysis, hydrogenated305-750-5 95009-23-7 649-390-00-X Distillates (petroleum), steam-cracked, C8-12 fraction, polymd., distn.

lights308-261-5 97926-43-7 649-391-00-5 Extracts (petroleum), heavy naphtha solvent, clay-treated308-713-1 98219-46-6 649-392-00-0 Naphtha (petroleum), light steam-cracked, debenzenized, thermally

treated308-714-7 98219-47-7 649-393-00-6 Naphtha (petroleum), light steam-cracked, thermally treated309-862-5 101316-56-7 649-394-00-1 Distillates (petroleum), C7-9, C8-rich, hydrodesulfurized

dearomatized309-870-9 101316-66-9 649-395-00-7 Hydrocarbons, C6-8, hydrogenated sorption-dearomatized, toluene

raffination309-879-8 101316-76-1 649-396-00-2 Naphtha (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized full-range coker309-976-5 101795-01-1 649-397-00-8 Naphtha (petroleum), sweetened light310-012-0 102110-14-5 649-398-00-3 Hydrocarbons, C3-6, C5-rich, steam-cracked naphtha310-013-6 102110-15-6 649-399-00-9 Hydrocarbons, C5-rich, dicyclopentadiene-contg.310-057-6 102110-55-4 649-400-00-2 Residues (petroleum), steam-cracked light, arom.

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STRAIGHT RUN KEROSINES Short name: Straight run kerosine


232-366-4 8008-20-6 649-404-00-4 Kerosine (petroleum)265-191-7 64742-88-7 649-405-00-X Solvent naphtha (petroleum), medium aliph.265-200-4 64742-96-7 649-406-00-5 Solvent naphtha (petroleum), heavy aliph.295-418-5 92045-37-9 649-407-00-0 Kerosine (petroleum), straight-run wide-cut

CRACKED KEROSINES Short name: Cracked kerosine


265-194-3 64742-91-2 649-408-00-6 Distillates (petroleum), steam-cracked270-728-3 68477-39-4 649-409-00-1 Distillates (petroleum), cracked stripped steam-cracked petroleum

distillates, C8-10 fraction270-729-9 68477-40-7 649-410-00-7 Distillates (petroleum), cracked stripped steam-cracked petroleum

distillates, C10-12 fraction270-737-2 68477-54-3 649-411-00-2 Distillates (petroleum), steam-cracked, C8-12 fraction285-507-7 85116-55-8 649-412-00-8 Kerosine (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized thermal cracked292-621-0 90640-98-5 649-413-00-3 Aromatic hydrocarbons, C>=10, steam-cracking, hydrotreated292-637-8 90641-13-7 649-414-00-9 Naphtha (petroleum), steam-cracked, hydrotreated, C9-10-arom.-rich309-866-7 101316-61-4 649-415-00-4 Distillates (petroleum), thermal-cracked, alkylarom. hydrocarbon-rich309-881-9 101316-80-7 649-417-00-5 Solvent naphtha (petroleum), hydrocracked heavy arom.309-938-8 101631-13-4 649-416-00-X Distillates (petroleum), catalytic cracked heavy tar light309-940-9 101631-15-6 649-418-00-0 Distillates (petroleum), steam-cracked heavy tar light

OTHER KEROSINES Short name: Kerosine – unspecified


265-074-0 64741-73-7 649-419-00-6 Distillates (petroleum), alkylate265-099-7 64741-98-6 649-420-00-1 Extracts (petroleum), heavy naphtha solvent265-132-5 64742-31-0 649-421-00-7 Distillates (petroleum), chemically neutralized light265-149-8 64742-47-8 649-422-00-2 Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated light265-184-9 64742-81-0 649-423-00-8 Kerosine (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized265-198-5 64742-94-5 649-424-00-3 Solvent naphtha (petroleum), heavy arom.269-778-9 68333-23-3 649-425-00-9 Naphtha (petroleum), heavy coker285-508-2 85116-57-0 649-426-00-4 Naphtha (petroleum), catalytic reformed hydrodesulfurized heavy,

arom. fraction294-799-5 91770-15-9 649-427-00-X Kerosine (petroleum), sweetened295-416-4 92045-36-8 649-428-00-5 Kerosine (petroleum), solvent-refined sweetened297-854-1 93763-35-0 649-429-00-0 Hydrocarbons, C9-16, hydrotreated, dearomatized307-033-2 97488-94-3 649-430-00-6 Kerosine (petroleum), solvent-refined hydrodesulfurized309-864-6 101316-58-9 649-431-00-1 Distillates (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized full-range middle coker309-882-4 101316-81-8 649-432-00-7 Solvent naphtha (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized heavy arom.309-884-5 101316-82-9 649-433-00-2 Solvent naphtha (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized medium309-944-0 101631-19-0 649-434-00-8 Kerosine (petroleum), hydrotreated

STRAIGHT RUN GAS OILS Short name: Straight run gas oil


265-043-1 64741-43-1 NONE Gas oils (petroleum), straight-run265-044-7 64741-44-2 NONE Distillates (petroleum), straight-run middle272-341-5 68814-87-9 NONE Distillates (petroleum), full-range straight-run middle272-817-2 68915-96-8 NONE Distillates (petroleum), heavy straight-run272-818-8 68915-97-9 NONE Gas oils (petroleum), straight-run, high-boiling294-454-9 91722-55-3 NONE Distillates (petroleum), solvent-dewaxed straight-run middle295-528-3 92062-14-1 NONE Solvent naphtha (petroleum), heavy296-468-0 92704-36-4 NONE Gas oils (petroleum), straight-run, clay-treated309-695-8 100684-24-0 NONE Gas oils (petroleum), straight-run, carbon-treated

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CRACKED GAS OILS (excluding hydrocracked gas oils) Short name: Cracked gas oil


265-060-4 64741-59-9 649-435-00-3 Distillates (petroleum), light catalytic cracked265-062-5 64741-60-2 649-436-00-9 Distillates (petroleum), intermediate catalytic cracked265-084-5 64741-82-8 649-438-00-X Distillates (petroleum), light thermal cracked269-781-5 68333-25-5 649-439-00-5 Distillates (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized light catalytic cracked270-662-5 68475-80-9 649-440-00-0 Distillates (petroleum), light steam-cracked naphtha270-727-8 68477-38-3 649-441-00-6 Distillates (petroleum), cracked steam-cracked petroleum distillates271-260-2 68527-18-4 649-442-00-1 Gas oils (petroleum), steam-cracked285-505-6 85116-53-6 649-443-00-7 Distillates (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized thermal cracked middle295-411-7 92045-29-9 649-444-00-2 Gas oils (petroleum), thermal-cracked, hydrodesulfurized295-514-7 92062-00-5 649-445-00-8 Residues (petroleum), hydrogenated steam-cracked naphtha295-517-3 92062-04-9 649-446-00-3 Residues (petroleum), steam-cracked naphtha distn.295-991-1 92201-60-0 649-447-00-9 Distillates (petroleum), light catalytic cracked, thermally degraded297-905-8 93763-85-0 649-448-00-4 Residues (petroleum), steam-cracked heat-soaked naphtha308-278-8 97926-59-5 649-450-00-5 Gas oils (petroleum), light vacuum, thermal-cracked

hydrodesulfurized309-865-1 101316-59-0 649-451-00-0 Distillates (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized middle coker309-939-3 101631-14-5 649-452-00-6 Distillates (petroleum), heavy steam-cracked

HYDROCRACKED GAS OILS Short name: Cracked gas oil


265-078-2 64741-77-1 649-437-00-4 Distillates (petroleum), light hydrocracked307-662-2 97675-88-2 649-449-00-X Hydrocarbons, C16-20, solvent-dewaxed hydrocracked paraffinic

distn. residue

VACUUM GAS OILS Short name: Vacuum gas oil


265-049-4 64741-49-7 NONE Condensates (petroleum), vacuum tower265-059-9 64741-58-8 NONE Gas oils (petroleum), light vacuum265-190-1 64742-87-6 NONE Gas oils (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized light vacuum295-407-5 92045-24-4 NONE Gas oils (petroleum), hydrotreated light vacuum295-408-0 92045-26-6 NONE Gas oils (petroleum), light vacuum, solvent-dewaxed295-409-6 92045-27-7 NONE Gas oils (petroleum), solvent-refined light vacuum307-750-0 97722-01-5 NONE Gas oil light naphthenic vacuum307-754-2 97722-05-9 NONE Hydrocarbons, C16-20, hydrotreated distillate, vacuum distn. lights307-756-3 97722-07-1 NONE Hydrocarbons, C11-17, naphthenic middle309-693-7 100684-22-8 NONE Gas oils (petroleum), light vacuum, carbon-treated309-694-2 100684-23-9 NONE Gas oils (petroleum), light vacuum, clay-treated

OTHER GAS OILS Short name: Gas oil – unspecified


265-088-7 64741-86-2 649-212-00-0 Distillates (petroleum), sweetened middle265-092-9 64741-90-8 649-213-00-6 Gas oils (petroleum), solvent-refined265-093-4 64741-91-9 649-214-00-1 Distillates (petroleum), solvent-refined middle265-112-6 64742-12-7 649-215-00-7 Gas oils (petroleum), acid-treated265-113-1 64742-13-8 649-216-00-2 Distillates (petroleum), acid-treated middle265-114-7 64742-14-9 649-217-00-8 Distillates (petroleum), acid-treated light265-129-9 64742-29-6 649-218-00-3 Gas oils (petroleum), chemically neutralized265-130-4 64742-30-9 649-219-00-9 Distillates (petroleum), chemically-neutralized middle265-139-3 64742-38-7 649-220-00-4 Distillates (petroleum), clay-treated middle265-148-2 64742-46-7 649-221-00-X Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated middle265-182-8 64742-79-6 649-222-00-5 Gas oils (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized265-183-3 64742-80-9 649-223-00-0 Distillates (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized middle270-719-4 68477-29-2 649-228-00-8 Distillates (petroleum), catalytic reformer fractionator residue, high-

boiling

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270-721-5 68477-30-5 649-229-00-3 Distillates (petroleum), catalytic reformer fractionator residue,intermediate-boiling

270-722-0 68477-31-6 649-230-00-9 Distillates (petroleum), catalytic reformer fractionator residue, low-boiling

292-454-3 90622-53-0 649-242-00-4 Alkanes, C12-26-branched and linear292-615-8 90640-93-0 649-231-00-4 Distillates (petroleum), highly refined middle295-294-2 91995-34-5 649-232-00-X Distillates (petroleum), catalytic reformer, heavy arom. conc.300-227-8 93924-33-5 649-233-00-5 Gas oils, paraffinic307-035-3 97488-96-5 649-234-00-0 Naphtha (petroleum), solvent-refined hydrodesulfurized heavy307-659-6 97675-85-9 649-235-00-6 Hydrocarbons, C16-20, hydrotreated middle distillate, distn. lights307-660-1 97675-86-0 649-236-00-1 Hydrocarbons, C12-20, hydrotreated paraffinic, distn. lights307-757-9 97722-08-2 649-237-00-7 Hydrocarbons, C11-17, solvent-extd. light naphthenic308-128-1 97862-78-7 649-238-00-2 Gas oils, hydrotreated309-667-5 100683-97-4 649-239-00-8 Distillates (petroleum), carbon-treated light paraffinic309-668-0 100683-98-5 649-240-00-3 Distillates (petroleum), intermediate paraffinic, carbon-treated309-669-6 100683-99-6 649-241-00-9 Distillates (petroleum), intermediate paraffinic, clay-treated

OTHER GAS OILS – DISTILLATE FUEL OILS Short name: Gas oil – unspecified


269-822-7 68334-30-5 649-224-00-6 Fuels, diesel270-671-4 68476-30-2 649-225-00-2 Fuel oil, no. 2270-673-5 68476-31-3 649-226-00-7 Fuel oil, no. 4270-676-1 68476-34-6 649-227-00-2 Fuels, diesel, no. 2

HEAVY FUEL OIL COMPONENTS Short name: Heavy fuel oil


265-045-2 64741-45-3 649-008-00-1 Residues (petroleum), atm. tower265-058-3 64741-57-7 649-009-00-7 Gas oils (petroleum), heavy vacuum265-063-0 64741-61-3 649-010-00-2 Distillates (petroleum), heavy catalytic cracked265-064-6 64741-62-4 649-011-00-8 Clarified oils (petroleum), catalytic cracked265-069-3 64741-67-9 649-048-00-X Residues (petroleum), catalytic reformer fractionator265-076-1 64741-75-9 649-012-00-3 Residues (petroleum), hydrocracked265-081-9 64741-80-6 649-013-00-9 Residues (petroleum), thermal cracked265-082-4 64741-81-7 649-014-00-4 Distillates (petroleum), heavy thermal cracked265-162-9 64742-59-2 649-015-00-X Gas oils (petroleum), hydrotreated vacuum265-181-2 64742-78-5 649-016-00-5 Residues (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized atmospheric tower265-189-6 64742-86-5 649-017-00-0 Gas oils (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized heavy vacuum265-193-8 64742-90-1 649-018-00-6 Residues (petroleum), steam-cracked269-777-3 68333-22-2 649-019-00-1 Residues (petroleum), atmospheric269-782-0 68333-26-6 649-020-00-7 Clarified oils (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized catalytic cracked269-783-6 68333-27-7 649-021-00-2 Distillates (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized intermediate catalytic

cracked269-784-1 68333-28-8 649-022-00-8 Distillates (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized heavy catalytic cracked270-674-0 68476-32-4 649-023-00-3 Fuel oil, residues-straight-run gas oils, high-sulfur270-675-6 68476-33-5 649-024-00-9 Fuel oil, residual270-792-2 68478-13-7 649-025-00-4 Residues (petroleum), catalytic reformer fractionator residue distn.270-796-4 68478-17-1 649-026-00-X Residues (petroleum), heavy coker gas oil and vacuum gas oil270-983-0 68512-61-8 649-027-00-5 Residues (petroleum), heavy coker and light vacuum270-984-6 68512-62-9 649-028-00-0 Residues (petroleum), light vacuum271-013-9 68513-69-9 649-029-00-6 Residues (petroleum), steam-cracked light271-384-7 68553-00-4 649-030-00-1 Fuel oil, no. 6271-763-7 68607-30-7 649-031-00-7 Residues (petroleum), topping plant, low-sulfur272-184-2 68783-08-4 649-032-00-2 Gas oils (petroleum), heavy atmospheric272-187-9 68783-13-1 649-033-00-8 Residues (petroleum), coker scrubber, condensed-ring-arom.-contg.273-263-4 68955-27-1 649-034-00-3 Distillates (petroleum), petroleum residues vacuum273-272-3 68955-36-2 649-035-00-9 Residues (petroleum), steam-cracked, resinous274-683-0 70592-76-6 649-036-00-4 Distillates (petroleum), intermediate vacuum274-684-6 70592-77-7 649-037-00-X Distillates (petroleum), light vacuum274-685-1 70592-78-8 649-038-00-5 Distillates (petroleum), vacuum285-555-9 85117-03-9 649-039-00-0 Gas oils (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized coker heavy vacuum292-657-7 90669-75-3 649-040-00-6 Residues (petroleum), steam-cracked, distillates292-658-2 90669-76-4 649-041-00-1 Residues (petroleum), vacuum, light295-396-7 92045-14-2 649-042-00-7 Fuel oil, heavy, high-sulfur

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295-511-0 92061-97-7 649-043-00-2 Residues (petroleum), catalytic cracking295-990-6 92201-59-7 649-044-00-8 Distillates (petroleum), intermediate catalytic cracked, thermally

degraded298-754-0 93821-66-0 649-045-00-3 Residual oils (petroleum)308-733-0 98219-64-8 649-046-00-9 Residues, steam cracked, thermally treated309-863-0 101316-57-8 649-047-00-4 Distillates (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized full-range middle

LUBRICATING GREASES Short name: Grease


278-011-7 74869-21-9 649-243-00-X Lubricating greases

UNREFINED/ACID TREATED OILS Short name: Unrefined or mildly refined base oil


265-051-5 64741-50-0 649-050-00-0 Distillates (petroleum), light paraffinic265-052-0 64741-51-1 649-051-00-6 Distillates (petroleum), heavy paraffinic265-053-6 64741-52-2 649-052-00-1 Distillates (petroleum), light naphthenic265-054-1 64741-53-3 649-053-00-7 Distillates (petroleum), heavy naphthenic265-117-3 64742-18-3 649-054-00-2 Distillates (petroleum), acid-treated heavy naphthenic265-118-9 64742-19-4 649-055-00-8 Distillates (petroleum), acid-treated light naphthenic265-119-4 64742-20-7 649-056-00-3 Distillates (petroleum), acid-treated heavy paraffinic265-121-5 64742-21-8 649-057-00-9 Distillates(petroleum), acid-treated light paraffinic265-127-8 64742-27-4 649-058-00-4 Distillates (petroleum), chemically neutralized heavy paraffinic265-128-3 64742-28-5 649-059-00-X Distillates (petroleum), chemically neutralized light paraffinic265-135-1 64742-34-3 649-060-00-5 Distillates (petroleum), chemically neutralized heavy naphthenic265-136-7 64742-35-4 649-061-00-0 Distillates (petroleum), chemically neutralized light naphthenic

HIGHLY REFINED BASE OILS Short name: Highly refined base oil


232-455-8 8042-47-5 NONE White mineral oil (petroleum)276-735-8 72623-83-7 NONE Lubricating oils (petroleum), C>25, hydrotreated bright stock-based295-425-3 92045-44-8 NONE Lubricating oils (petroleum), hydrotreated bright stock-based295-426-9 92045-45-9 NONE Lubricating oils (petroleum), hydrotreated solvent-refined bright

stock-based295-550-3 92062-35-6 NONE White mineral oil (petroleum), light

OTHER LUBRICANT BASE OILS Short name: Base oil – unspecified


265-077-7 64741-76-0 649-453-00-1 Distillates (petroleum), heavy hydrocracked265-090-8 64741-88-4 649-454-00-7 Distillates (petroleum), solvent-refined heavy paraffinic265-091-3 64741-89-5 649-455-00-2 Distillates (petroleum), solvent-refined light paraffinic265-096-0 64741-95-3 649-456-00-8 Residual oils (petroleum), solvent deasphalted265-097-6 64741-96-4 649-457-00-3 Distillates (petroleum), solvent-refined heavy naphthenic265-098-1 64741-97-5 649-458-00-9 Distillates (petroleum), solvent-refined light naphthenic265-101-6 64742-01-4 649-459-00-4 Residual oils (petroleum), solvent-refined265-137-2 64742-36-5 649-460-00-X Distillates (petroleum), clay-treated heavy paraffinic265-138-8 64742-37-6 649-461-00-5 Distillates (petroleum), clay-treated light paraffinic265-143-5 64742-41-2 649-462-00-0 Residual oils (petroleum), clay-treated265-146-1 64742-44-5 649-463-00-6 Distillates (petroleum), clay-treated heavy naphthenic265-147-7 64742-45-6 649-464-00-1 Distillates (petroleum), clay-treated light naphthenic265-155-0 64742-52-5 649-465-00-7 Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated heavy naphthenic265-156-6 64742-53-6 649-466-00-2 Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated light naphthenic265-157-1 64742-54-7 649-467-00-8 Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated heavy paraffinic265-158-7 64742-55-8 649-468-00-3 Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated light paraffinic265-159-2 64742-56-9 649-469-00-9 Distillates (petroleum), solvent-dewaxed light paraffinic265-160-8 64742-57-0 649-470-00-4 Residual oils (petroleum), hydrotreated265-166-0 64742-62-7 649-471-00-X Residual oils (petroleum), solvent-dewaxed265-167-6 64742-63-8 649-472-00-5 Distillates (petroleum), solvent-dewaxed heavy naphthenic

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265-168-1 64742-64-9 649-473-00-0 Distillates (petroleum), solvent-dewaxed light naphthenic265-169-7 64742-65-0 649-474-00-6 Distillates (petroleum), solvent-dewaxed heavy paraffinic265-172-3 64742-68-3 649-475-00-1 Naphthenic oils (petroleum), catalytic dewaxed heavy265-173-9 64742-69-4 649-476-00-7 Naphthenic oils (petroleum), catalytic dewaxed light265-174-4 64742-70-7 649-477-00-2 Paraffin oils (petroleum), catalytic dewaxed heavy265-176-5 64742-71-8 649-478-00-8 Paraffin oils (petroleum), catalytic dewaxed light265-179-1 64742-75-2 649-479-00-3 Naphthenic oils (petroleum), complex dewaxed heavy265-180-7 64742-76-3 649-480-00-9 Naphthenic oils (petroleum), complex dewaxed light276-736-3 72623-85-9 649-481-00-4 Lubricating oils (petroleum), C20-50, hydrotreated neutral oil-based,

high-viscosity276-737-9 72623-86-0 649-482-00-X Lubricating oils (petroleum), C15-30, hydrotreated neutral oil-based276-738-4 72623-87-1 649-483-00-5 Lubricating oils (petroleum), C20-50, hydrotreated neutral oil-based278-012-2 74869-22-0 649-484-00-0 Lubricating oils292-613-7 90640-91-8 649-485-00-6 Distillates (petroleum), complex dewaxed heavy paraffinic292-614-2 90640-92-9 649-486-00-1 Distillates (petroleum), complex dewaxed light paraffinic292-616-3 90640-94-1 649-487-00-7 Distillates (petroleum), solvent dewaxed heavy paraffinic, clay-

treated292-617-9 90640-95-2 649-488-00-2 Hydrocarbons, C20-50, solvent dewaxed heavy paraffinic,

hydrotreated292-618-4 90640-96-3 649-489-00-8 Distillates (petroleum), solvent dewaxed light paraffinic, clay-treated292-620-5 90640-97-4 649-490-00-3 Distillates (petroleum), solvent dewaxed light paraffinic, hydrotreated292-656-1 90669-74-2 649-491-00-9 Residual oils (petroleum), hydrotreated solvent dewaxed294-843-3 91770-57-9 649-492-00-4 Residual oils (petroleum), catalytic dewaxed295-300-3 91995-39-0 649-493-00-X Distillates (petroleum), dewaxed heavy paraffinic, hydrotreated295-301-9 91995-40-3 649-494-00-5 Distillates (petroleum), dewaxed light paraffinic, hydrotreated295-306-6 91995-45-8 649-495-00-0 Distillates (petroleum), hydrocracked solvent-refined, dewaxed295-316-0 91995-54-9 649-496-00-6 Distillates (petroleum), solvent-refined light naphthenic, hydrotreated295-423-2 92045-42-6 649-497-00-1 Lubricating oils (petroleum), C17-35, solvent-extd., dewaxed,

hydrotreated295-424-8 92045-43-7 649-498-00-7 Lubricating oils (petroleum), hydrocracked nonarom. solvent-

deparaffined295-499-7 92061-86-4 649-499-00-2 Residual oils (petroleum), hydrocracked acid-treated solvent-

dewaxed295-810-6 92129-09-4 649-500-00-6 Paraffin oils (petroleum), solvent-refined dewaxed heavy297-474-6 93572-43-1 649-501-00-1 Lubricating oils (petroleum), base oils, paraffinic297-857-8 93763-38-3 649-502-00-7 Hydrocarbons, hydrocracked paraffinic distn. residues, solvent-

dewaxed300-257-1 93924-61-9 649-503-00-2 Hydrocarbons, C20-50, residual oil hydrogenation vacuum distillate305-588-5 94733-08-1 649-504-00-8 Distillates (petroleum), solvent-refined hydrotreated heavy,

hydrogenated305-589-0 94733-09-2 649-505-00-3 Distillates (petroleum), solvent-refined hydrocracked light305-594-8 94733-15-0 649-506-00-9 Lubricating oils (petroleum), C18-40, solvent-dewaxed hydrocracked

distillate-based305-595-3 94733-16-1 649-507-00-4 Lubricating oils (petroleum), C18-40, solvent-dewaxed

hydrogenated raffinate-based305-971-7 95371-04-3 649-508-00-X Hydrocarbons, C13-30, arom.-rich, solvent-extd. naphthenic distillate305-972-2 95371-05-4 649-509-00-5 Hydrocarbons, C16-32, arom. rich, solvent-extd. naphthenic distillate305-974-3 95371-07-6 649-510-00-0 Hydrocarbons, C37-68, dewaxed deasphalted hydrotreated vacuum

distn. residues305-975-9 95371-08-7 649-511-00-6 Hydrocarbons, C37-65, hydrotreated deasphalted vacuum distn.

residues307-010-7 97488-73-8 649-512-00-1 Distillates (petroleum), hydrocracked solvent-refined light307-011-2 97488-74-9 649-513-00-7 Distillates (petroleum), solvent-refined hydrogenated heavy307-034-8 97488-95-4 649-514-00-2 Lubricating oils (petroleum), C18-27, hydrocracked solvent-dewaxed307-661-7 97675-87-1 649-515-00-8 Hydrocarbons, C17-30, hydrotreated solvent-deasphalted atm. distn.

residue, distn. lights307-755-8 97722-06-0 649-516-00-3 Hydrocarbons, C17-40, hydrotreated solvent-deasphalted distn.

residue, vacuum distn. lights307-758-4 97722-09-3 649-517-00-9 Hydrocarbons, C13-27, solvent-extd. light naphthenic307-760-5 97722-10-6 649-518-00-4 Hydrocarbons, C14-29, solvent-extd. light naphthenic308-131-8 97862-81-2 649-519-00-X Hydrocarbons, C27-42, dearomatized308-132-3 97862-82-3 649-520-00-5 Hydrocarbons, C17-30, hydrotreated distillates, distn. lights308-133-9 97862-83-4 649-521-00-0 Hydrocarbons, C27-45, naphthenic vacuum distn.308-287-7 97926-68-6 649-522-00-6 Hydrocarbons, C27-45, dearomatized308-289-8 97926-70-0 649-523-00-1 Hydrocarbons, C20-58, hydrotreated308-290-3 97926-71-1 649-524-00-7 Hydrocarbons, C27-42, naphthenic309-710-8 100684-37-5 649-525-00-2 Residual oils (petroleum), carbon-treated solvent-dewaxed309-711-3 100684-38-6 649-526-00-8 Residual oils (petroleum), clay-treated solvent-dewaxed

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309-874-0 101316-69-2 649-527-00-3 Lubricating oils (petroleum), C>25, solvent-extd., deasphalted,dewaxed, hydrogenated

309-875-6 101316-70-5 649-528-00-9 Lubricating oils (petroleum), C17-32, solvent-extd., dewaxed,hydrogenated

309-876-1 101316-71-6 649-529-00-4 Lubricating oils (petroleum), C20-35, solvent-extd., dewaxed,hydrogenated

309-877-7 101316-72-7 649-530-00-X Lubricating oils (petroleum), C24-50, solvent-extd., dewaxed,hydrogenated

RESIDUAL AROMATIC EXTRACTS Short name: Residual aromatic extract


265-110-5 64742-10-5 NONE Extracts (petroleum), residual oil solvent295-332-8 91995-70-9 NONE Extracts (petroleum), deasphalted vacuum residue solvent

UNTREATED DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACTS Short name: Distillate aromatic extract


265-102-1 64742-03-6 649-001-00-3 Extracts (petroleum), light naphthenic distillate solvent265-103-7 64742-04-7 649-002-00-9 Extracts (petroleum), heavy paraffinic distillate solvent265-104-2 64742-05-8 649-003-00-4 Extracts (petroleum), light paraffinic distillate solvent265-111-0 64742-11-6 649-004-00-X Extracts (petroleum), heavy naphthenic distillate solvent295-341-7 91995-78-7 649-005-00-5 Extracts (petroleum), light vacuum gas oil solvent.307-753-7 97722-04-8 649-006-00-0 Hydrocarbons, C26-55, arom. rich

TREATED DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACTS Short name: Distillate aromatic extract (treated)


272-175-3 68783-00-6 649-531-00-5 Extracts (petroleum), heavy naphthenic distillate solvent, arom. conc.272-180-0 68783-04-0 649-532-00-0 Extracts (petroleum), solvent refined heavy paraffinic distillate solvent272-342-0 68814-89-1 649-533-00-6 Extracts (petroleum), heavy paraffinic distillates, solvent deasphalted292-631-5 90641-07-9 649-534-00-1 Extracts (petroleum), heavy naphthenic distillate solvent,

hydrotreated292-632-0 90641-08-0 649-535-00-7 Extracts (petroleum), heavy paraffinic distillate solvent, hydrotreated292-633-6 90641-09-1 649-536-00-2 Extracts (petroleum), light paraffinic distillate solvent, hydrotreated295-335-4 91995-73-2 649-537-00-8 Extracts (petroleum), hydrotreated light paraffinic distillate solvent295-338-0 91995-75-4 649-538-00-3 Extracts (petroleum), light naphthenic distillate solvent,

hydrodesulfurized295-339-6 91995-76-5 649-539-00-9 Extracts (petroleum), light paraffinic distillate solvent, acid treated295-340-1 91995-77-6 649-540-00-4 Extracts (petroleum), light paraffinic distillate solvent,

hydrodesulfurized295-342-2 91995-79-8 649-541-00-X Extracts (petroleum), light vacuum gas oil solvent, hydrotreated296-437-1 92704-08-0 649-542-00-5 Extracts (petroleum), heavy paraffinic distillate solvent, clay-treated297-827-4 93763-10-1 649-543-00-0 Extracts (petroleum), heavy naphthenic distillate solvent,

hydrodesulfurized297-829-5 93763-11-2 649-544-00-6 Extracts (petroleum), solvent-dewaxed heavy paraffinic distillate309-672-2 100684-02-4 649-545-00-1 Extracts (petroleum), light paraffinic distillate solvent, carbon-treated309-673-8 100684-03-5 649-546-00-7 Extracts (petroleum), light paraffinic distillate solvent, clay-treated309-674-3 100684-04-6 649-547-00-2 Extracts (petroleum), light vacuum, gas oil solvent, carbon-treated309-675-9 100684-05-7 649-548-00-8 Extracts (petroleum), light vacuum gas oil solvent, clay-treated

OTHER AROMATIC EXTRACTS Short name: Aromatic extract – unspecified


265-105-8 64742-06-9 NONE Extracts (petroleum), middle distillate solvent265-211-4 64743-06-2 NONE Extracts (petroleum), gas oil solvent272-173-2 68782-98-9 NONE Extracts (petroleum), clarified oil solvent, condensed-ring arom.-

contg.272-174-8 68782-99-0 NONE Extracts (petroleum), heavy clarified oil solvent, condensed-ring

arom. contg.

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272-177-4 68783-02-8 NONE Extracts (petroleum), intermediate clarified oil solvent, condensedring arom. contg.

272-179-5 68783-03-9 NONE Extracts (petroleum), light clarified oil solvent, condensed-ring arom.contg.

295-330-7 91995-67-4 NONE Extracts (petroleum), C15-30-arom., hydrotreated295-333-3 91995-71-0 NONE Extracts (petroleum), gas oil solvent, chem. neutralized295-334-9 91995-72-1 NONE Extracts (petroleum), gas oil solvent, hydrotreated305-590-6 94733-10-5 NONE Extracts (petroleum), hydrocracked residual oil solvent307-012-8 97488-75-0 NONE Extracts (petroleum), hydrocracked heavy solvent309-670-1 100684-00-2 NONE Extracts (petroleum), carbon-treated gas oil solvent309-671-7 100684-01-3 NONE Extracts (petroleum), clay-treated gas oil solvent309-676-4 100684-06-8 NONE Extracts (petroleum), middle distillate solvent, carbon-treated309-678-5 100684-07-9 NONE Extracts (petroleum), middle distillate solvent, clay-treated

PARAFFIN AND HYDROCARBON WAXES Short name: Petroleum wax


232-315-6 8002-74-2 NONE Paraffin waxes and Hydrocarbon waxes264-038-1 63231-60-7 NONE Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon waxes, microcryst.265-126-2 64742-26-3 NONE Hydrocarbon waxes (petroleum), acid-treated265-134-6 64742-33-2 NONE Hydrocarbon waxes (petroleum), chemically neutralized265-144-0 64742-42-3 NONE Hydrocarbon waxes (petroleum), clay-treated microcryst.265-145-6 64742-43-4 NONE Paraffin waxes (petroleum), clay-treated265-154-5 64742-51-4 NONE Paraffin waxes (petroleum), hydrotreated265-163-4 64742-60-5 NONE Hydrocarbon waxes (petroleum), hydrotreated microcryst.285-095-9 85029-72-7 NONE Hydrocarbon waxes (petroleum), deodorized292-640-4 90669-47-9 NONE Paraffin waxes (petroleum), acid-treated295-456-2 92045-74-4 NONE Paraffin waxes (petroleum), low-melting295-457-8 92045-75-5 NONE Paraffin waxes (petroleum), low-melting, hydrotreated295-458-3 92045-76-6 NONE Paraffin waxes and Hydrocarbon waxes, microcryst, hydrotreated307-045-8 97489-05-9 NONE Paraffin waxes and Hydrocarbon waxes, C19-38308-140-7 97862-89-0 NONE Paraffin waxes (petroleum), carbon-treated308-141-2 97862-90-3 NONE Paraffin waxes (petroleum), low-melting, carbon-treated308-142-8 97862-91-4 NONE Paraffin waxes (petroleum), low-melting, clay-treated308-143-3 97862-92-5 NONE Paraffin waxes (petroleum), low-melting, silicic acid-treated08-144-9 97862-93-6 NONE Paraffin waxes (petroleum), silicic acid-treated308-145-4 97862-94-7 NONE Paraffin waxes and Hydrocarbon waxes, microcryst, carbon-treated308-147-5 97862-95-8 NONE Paraffin waxes and Hydrocarbon waxes, microcryst, clay-treated308-148-0 97862-96-9 NONE Paraffin waxes and Hydrocarbon waxes, microcryst, silicic acid-

treated

FOOTS OILS Short name: Foots oil


265-171-8 64742-67-2 649-549-00-3 Foots oil (petroleum)295-394-6 92045-12-0 649-550-00-9 Foots oil (petroleum), hydrotreated300-225-7 93924-31-3 649-175-00-0 Foots oil (petroleum), acid-treated300-226-2 93924-32-4 649-176-00-6 Foots oil (petroleum), clay-treated308-126-0 97862-76-5 649-211-00-5 Foots oil (petroleum), carbon-treated308-127-6 97862-77-6 649-315-00-0 Foots oil (petroleum), silicic acid-treated

SLACK WAXES Short name: Slack wax


265-165-5 64742-61-6 649-244-00-5 Slack wax (petroleum)292-659-8 90669-77-5 649-245-00-0 Slack wax (petroleum), acid-treated292-660-3 90669-78-6 649-246-00-6 Slack wax (petroleum), clay-treated295-523-6 92062-09-4 649-247-00-1 Slack wax (petroleum), hydrotreated295-524-1 92062-10-7 649-248-00-7 Slack wax (petroleum), low-melting295-525-7 92062-11-8 649-249-00-2 Slack wax (petroleum), low-melting, hydrotreated308-155-9 97863-04-2 649-250-00-8 Slack wax (petroleum), low-melting, carbon-treated308-156-4 97863-05-3 649-251-00-3 Slack wax (petroleum), low-melting, clay-treated308-158-5 97863-06-4 649-252-00-9 Slack wax (petroleum), low-melting, silicic acid-treated

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309-723-9 100684-49-9 649-253-00-4 Slack wax (petroleum), carbon-treated

PETROLATUMS Short name: Petrolatum


232-373-2 8009-03-8 649-254-00-X Petrolatum265-206-7 64743-01-7 649-255-00-5 Petrolatum (petroleum), oxidized285-098-5 85029-74-9 649-256-00-0 Petrolatum (petroleum), alumina-treated295-459-9 92045-77-7 649-257-00-6 Petrolatum (petroleum), hydrotreated308-149-6 97862-97-0 649-258-00-1 Petrolatum (petroleum), carbon-treated308-150-1 97862-98-1 649-259-00-7 Petrolatum (petroleum), silicic acid-treated309-706-6 100684-33-1 649-260-00-2 Petrolatum (petroleum), clay-treated

USED AND RE-REFINED OILS Short name: Used or re-refined oil


265-125-7 64742-25-2 NONE Lubricating oils (petroleum), acid-treated, spent265-133-0 64742-32-1 NONE Lubricating oils (petroleum), chemically neutralized spent265-152-4 64742-50-3 NONE Lubricating oils (petroleum), clay-treated spent265-161-3 64742-58-1 NONE Lubricating oils (petroleum), hydrotreated spent270-697-6 68476-77-7 NONE Lubricating oils, refined used274-635-9 70514-12-4 NONE Lubricating oils, used293-258-0 91052-94-7 NONE Hydrocarbon oils, clay-treated spent295-421-1 92045-40-4 NONE Lubricating oils, used, distd.295-422-7 92045-41-5 NONE Lubricating oils, used, vacuum distd.295-516-8 92062-03-8 NONE Lubricating oils (petroleum), solvent-refined dist. used297-104-3 93334-30-6 NONE Lubricating oils, refined used, arom.-contg.308-935-9 99035-68-4 NONE Distillates (petroleum), C10-50, used, refined309-878-2 101316-73-8 NONE Lubricating oils (petroleum), used, noncatalytically refined

BITUMEN Short name: Bitumen or vacuum residue


232-490-9 8052-42-4 NONE Asphalt265-057-8 64741-56-6 NONE Residues (petroleum), vacuum265-188-0 64742-85-4 NONE Residues (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized vacuum265-196-4 64742-93-4 NONE Asphalt, oxidized295-284-8 91995-23-2 NONE Asphaltenes (petroleum)295-518-9 92062-05-0 NONE Residues (petroleum), thermal cracked vacuum302-656-6 94114-22-4 NONE Residues (petroleum), dewaxed heavy parafinnic, vacuum309-712-9 100684-39-7 NONE Residues (petroleum), distn. residue hydrogenation309-713-4 100684-40-0 NONE Residues (petroleum), vacuum distn. residue hydrogenation

PETROLEUM COKE Short name: Petroleum coke


265-080-3 64741-79-3 NONE Coke (petroleum)265-209-3 64743-04-0 NONE Coke (petroleum), recovery265-210-9 64743-05-1 NONE Coke (petroleum), calcined

OTHER PETROLEUM GASES Short name: Refinery gas


270-746-1 68477-65-6 649-120-00-0 Gases (petroleum), amine system feed270-747-7 68477-66-7 649-121-00-6 Gases (petroleum), benzene unit hydrodesulfurizer off270-748-2 68477-67-8 649-122-00-1 Gases (petroleum), benzene unit recycle, hydrogen-rich270-749-8 68477-68-9 649-123-00-7 Gases (petroleum), blend oil, hydrogen-nitrogen-rich270-759-2 68477-77-0 649-124-00-2 Gases (petroleum), catalytic reformed naphtha stripper overheads270-761-3 68477-80-5 649-125-00-8 Gases (petroleum), C6-8 catalytic reformer recycle270-762-9 68477-81-6 649-126-00-3 Gases (petroleum), C6-8 catalytic reformer

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270-763-4 68477-82-7 649-127-00-9 Gases (petroleum), C6-8 catalytic reformer recycle, hydrogen-rich270-766-0 68477-84-9 649-128-00-4 Gases (petroleum), C2-return stream270-774-4 68477-92-9 649-129-00-X Gases (petroleum), dry sour, gas-concn.-unit-off270-776-5 68477-93-0 649-130-00-5 Gases (petroleum), gas concn. reabsorber distn.270-779-1 68477-96-3 649-131-00-0 Gases (petroleum), hydrogen absorber off270-780-7 68477-97-4 649-132-00-6 Gases (petroleum), hydrogen-rich270-781-2 68477-98-5 649-133-00-1 Gases (petroleum), hydrotreater blend oil recycle, hydrogen-nitrogen-

rich270-783-3 68478-00-2 649-134-00-7 Gases (petroleum), recycle, hydrogen-rich270-784-9 68478-01-3 649-135-00-2 Gases (petroleum), reformer make-up, hydrogen-rich270-785-4 68478-02-4 649-136-00-8 Gases (petroleum), reforming hydrotreater270-787-5 68478-03-5 649-137-00-3 Gases (petroleum), reforming hydrotreater, hydrogen-methane-rich270-788-0 68478-04-6 649-138-00-9 Gases (petroleum), reforming hydrotreater make-up, hydrogen-rich270-789-6 68478-05-7 649-139-00-4 Gases (petroleum), thermal cracking distn.270-805-1 68478-25-1 649-140-00-X Tail gas (petroleum), catalytic cracker refractionation absorber270-807-2 68478-27-3 649-141-00-5 Tail gas (petroleum), catalytic reformed naphtha separator270-808-8 68478-28-4 649-142-00-0 Tail gas (petroleum), catalytic reformed naphtha stabilizer270-809-3 69478-29-5 649-143-00-6 Tail gas (petroleum), cracked distillate hydrotreater separator270-810-9 68478-30-8 649-144-00-1 Tail gas (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized straight-run naphtha

separator270-999-8 68513-14-4 649-145-00-7 Gases (petroleum), catalytic reformed straight-run naphtha stabilizer

overheads271-003-4 68513-18-8 649-146-00-2 Gases (petroleum), reformer effluent high-pressure flash drum off271-005-5 68513-19-9 649-147-00-8 Gases (petroleum), reformer effluent low-pressure flash drum off271-258-1 68527-15-1 649-148-00-3 Gases (petroleum), oil refinery gas distn. off271-623-5 68602-82-4 649-149-00-9 Gases (petroleum), benzene unit hydrotreater depentanizer

overheads271-625-6 68602-84-6 649-150-00-4 Gases (petroleum), secondary absorber off, fluidized catalytic

cracker overheads fractionator271-750-6 68607-11-4 649-151-00-X Petroleum products, refinery gases272-182-1 68783-06-2 649-152-00-5 Gases (petroleum), hydrocracking low-pressure separator272-338-9 68814-67-5 649-153-00-0 Gases (petroleum), refinery272-343-6 68814-90-4 649-154-00-6 Gases (petroleum), platformer products separator off272-775-5 68911-58-0 649-155-00-1 Gases (petroleum), hydrotreated sour kerosine depentanizer

stabilizer off272-776-0 68911-59-1 649-156-00-7 Gases (petroleum), hydrotreated sour kerosine flash drum272-873-8 68919-01-7 649-157-00-2 Gases (petroleum), distillate unifiner desulfurization stripper off272-874-3 68919-02-8 649-158-00-8 Gases (petroleum), fluidized catalytic cracker fractionation off272-875-9 68919-03-9 649-159-00-3 Gases (petroleum), fluidized catalytic cracker scrubbing secondary

absorber off272-876-4 68919-04-0 649-160-00-9 Gases (petroleum), heavy distillate hydrotreater desulfurization

stripper off272-880-6 68919-07-3 649-161-00-4 Gases (petroleum), platformer stabilizer off, light ends fractionation272-881-1 68919-08-4 649-162-00-X Gases (petroleum), preflash tower off, crude distn.272-884-8 68919-11-9 649-163-00-5 Gases (petroleum), tar stripper off272-885-3 68919-12-0 649-164-00-0 Gases (petroleum), unifiner stripper off273-173-5 68952-79-4 649-165-00-6 Tail gas (petroleum), catalytic hydrodesulfurized naphtha separator273-174-0 68952-80-7 649-166-00-1 Tail gas (petroleum), straight-run naphtha hydrodesulfurizer273-269-7 68955-33-9 649-167-00-7 Gases (petroleum), sponge absorber off, fluidized catalytic cracker

and gas oil desulfurizer overhead fractionation273-563-5 68989-88-8 649-168-00-2 Gases (petroleum), crude distn. and catalytic cracking295-397-2 92045-13-5 649-169-00-8 Gases (petroleum), gas oil diethanolamine scrubber off295-398-8 92045-16-4 649-170-00-3 Gases (petroleum), gas oil hydrodesulfurization effluent295-399-3 92045-17-5 649-171-00-9 Gases (petroleum), gas oil hydrodesulfurization purge295-400-7 92045-18-6 649-172-00-4 Gases (petroleum), hydrogenator effluent flash drum off295-401-2 92045-19-7 649-173-00-X Gases (petroleum), naphtha steam cracking high-pressure residual295-402-8 92045-20-0 649-174-00-5 Gases (petroleum), residue visbreaking off

RECLAIM PETROLEUM SUBSTANCES Short name: Refinery reclaim substance


265-124-1 64742-24-1 NONE Sludges (petroleum), acid265-213-5 64743-07-3 NONE Sludges (petroleum), chemically neutralized270-692-9 68476-53-9 NONE Hydrocarbons, C>=20, petroleum wastes270-716-8 68477-26-9 NONE Wastes, petroleum272-867-5 68918-73-0 NONE Residues (petroleum), clay-treating filter wash

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273-314-0 68956-70-7 NONE Petroleum products, C5-12, reclaimed, wastewater treatment295-448-9 92045-66-4 NONE Naphtha (petroleum), sulfurized light, sweetening catalyst

regeneration295-521-5 92062-07-2 NONE Residues (petroleum), wastewater purifn. dense-phase separator295-526-2 92062-12-9 NONE Slimes and Sludges, petroleum refining297-488-2 93572-57-7 NONE Petroleum products, C>5, reclaimed, wastewater treatment308-527-0 98072-71-0 NONE Wastewater, petroleum-refining309-943-5 101631-18-9 NONE Hydrocarbon oils, lubricating oil manuf. waste skimmings

OTHER PETROLEUM SUBSTANCES Short name: Petroleum substance - unspecified


232-384-2 8012-95-1 NONE Paraffin oils265-087-1 64741-85-1 NONE Raffinates (petroleum), sorption process265-116-8 64742-16-1 NONE Petroleum resins265-233-4 64771-72-8 NONE Paraffins (petroleum), normal C5-20270-072-8 69410-00-4 NONE Distillates (petroleum), crude oil270-739-3 68477-58-7 NONE Distillates (petroleum), steam-cracked petroleum distillates, C5-18

fraction272-930-7 68921-07-3 NONE Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated light catalytic cracked274-686-7 70592-79-9 NONE Residues (petroleum), atm. tower, light292-655-6 90669-60-6 NONE Pitch, petroleum, arom., distillates293-299-4 91053-35-9 NONE Kerosine (petroleum), high-boiling fraction295-307-1 91995-46-9 NONE Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated full-range295-317-6 91995-55-0 NONE Distillates (petroleum), steam-cracked residue, arom.295-513-1 92061-99-9 NONE Residues (petroleum), hydrocracked, light end-contg.308-252-6 97926-35-7 NONE Distillates (petroleum), full-range steam-cracked, arom.-contg.

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APPENDIX 3B

Petroleum Substances (EINECS No. order) with short names

EINECS CAS No. INDEX No. GROUP (SHORT NAME)

200-827-9 74-98-6 601-003-00-5 PETROLEUM GAS203-448-7 106-97-8 601-004-00-0 PETROLEUM GAS232-298-5 8002-05-9 649-049-00-5 CRUDE OIL232-315-6 8002-74-2 NONE PETROLEUM WAX232-349-1 8006-61-9 649-261-00-8 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA232-366-4 8008-20-6 649-404-00-4 STRAIGHT RUN KEROSINE232-373-2 8009-03-8 649-254-00-X PETROLATUM232-384-2 8012-95-1 NONE PETROLEUM SUBSTANCE - UNSPECIFIED232-443-2 8030-30-6 649-262-00-3 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA232-453-7 8032-32-4 649-263-00-9 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA232-455-8 8042-47-5 NONE HIGHLY REFINED BASE OIL232-489-3 8052-41-3 649-345-00-4 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED232-490-9 8052-42-4 NONE BITUMEN OR VACUUM RESIDUE264-038-1 63231-60-7 NONE PETROLEUM WAX265-041-0 64741-41-9 649-264-00-4 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA265-042-6 64741-42-0 649-265-00-X LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA265-043-1 64741-43-1 NONE STRAIGHT RUN GAS OIL265-044-7 64741-44-2 NONE STRAIGHT RUN GAS OIL265-045-2 64741-45-3 649-008-00-1 HEAVY FUEL OIL265-046-8 64741-46-4 649-266-00-5 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA265-047-3 64741-47-5 649-346-00-X LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED265-048-9 64741-48-6 649-347-00-5 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED265-049-4 64741-49-7 NONE VACUUM GAS OIL265-051-5 64741-50-0 649-050-00-0 UNREFINED OR MILDLY REFINED BASE OIL265-052-0 64741-51-1 649-051-00-6 UNREFINED OR MILDLY REFINED BASE OIL265-053-6 64741-52-2 649-052-00-1 UNREFINED OR MILDLY REFINED BASE OIL265-054-1 64741-53-3 649-053-00-7 UNREFINED OR MILDLY REFINED BASE OIL265-055-7 64741-54-4 649-289-00-0 LOW BOILING POINT CAT-CRACKED NAPHTHA265-056-2 64741-55-5 649-290-00-6 LOW BOILING POINT CAT-CRACKED NAPHTHA265-057-8 64741-56-6 NONE BITUMEN OR VACUUM RESIDUE265-058-3 64741-57-7 649-009-00-7 HEAVY FUEL OIL265-059-9 64741-58-8 NONE VACUUM GAS OIL265-060-4 64741-59-9 649-435-00-3 CRACKED GAS OIL265-062-5 64741-60-2 649-436-00-9 CRACKED GAS OIL265-063-0 64741-61-3 649-010-00-2 HEAVY FUEL OIL265-064-6 64741-62-4 649-011-00-8 HEAVY FUEL OIL265-065-1 64741-63-5 649-299-00-5 LOW BOILING POINT CAT-REFORMED NAPHTHA265-066-7 64741-64-6 649-274-00-9 LOW BOILING POINT MODIFIED NAPHTHA265-067-2 64741-65-7 649-275-00-4 LOW BOILING POINT MODIFIED NAPHTHA265-068-8 64741-66-8 649-276-00-X LOW BOILING POINT MODIFIED NAPHTHA265-069-3 64741-67-9 649-048-00-X HEAVY FUEL OIL265-070-9 64741-68-0 649-300-00-9 LOW BOILING POINT CAT-REFORMED NAPHTHA265-071-4 64741-69-1 649-348-00-0 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED265-073-5 64741-70-4 649-277-00-5 LOW BOILING POINT MODIFIED NAPHTHA265-074-0 64741-73-7 649-419-00-6 KEROSINE - UNSPECIFIED265-075-6 64741-74-8 649-316-00-6 LOW BOILING POINT THERMALLY CRACKED NAPHTHA265-076-1 64741-75-9 649-012-00-3 HEAVY FUEL OIL265-077-7 64741-76-0 649-453-00-1 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-078-2 64741-77-1 649-437-00-4 CRACKED GAS OIL (HYDROCRACKED GAS OIL)265-079-8 64741-78-2 649-349-00-6 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED265-080-3 64741-79-3 NONE PETROLEUM COKE265-081-9 64741-80-6 649-013-00-9 HEAVY FUEL OIL265-082-4 64741-81-7 649-014-00-4 HEAVY FUEL OIL

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265-084-5 64741-82-8 649-438-00-X CRACKED GAS OIL265-085-0 64741-83-9 649-317-00-1 LOW BOILING POINT THERMALLY CRACKED NAPHTHA265-086-6 64741-84-0 649-278-00-0 LOW BOILING POINT MODIFIED NAPHTHA265-087-1 64741-85-1 NONE PETROLEUM SUBSTANCE - UNSPECIFIED265-088-7 64741-86-2 649-212-00-0 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)265-089-2 64741-87-3 649-350-00-1 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA – UNSPECIFIED265-090-8 64741-88-4 649-454-00-7 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-091-3 64741-89-5 649-455-00-2 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-092-9 64741-90-8 649-213-00-6 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)265-093-4 64741-91-9 649-214-00-1 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)265-095-5 64741-92-0 649-279-00-6 LOW BOILING POINT MODIFIED NAPHTHA265-096-0 64741-95-3 649-456-00-8 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-097-6 64741-96-4 649-457-00-3 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-098-1 64741-97-5 649-458-00-9 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-099-7 64741-98-6 649-420-00-1 KEROSINE - UNSPECIFIED265-101-6 64742-01-4 649-459-00-4 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-102-1 64742-03-6 649-001-00-3 DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT265-103-7 64742-04-7 649-002-00-9 DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT265-104-2 64742-05-8 649-003-00-4 DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT265-105-8 64742-06-9 NONE AROMATIC EXTRACT - UNSPECIFIED265-110-5 64742-10-5 NONE RESIDUAL AROMATIC EXTRACT265-111-0 64742-11-6 649-004-00-X DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT265-112-6 64742-12-7 649-215-00-7 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)265-113-1 64742-13-8 649-216-00-2 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)265-114-7 64742-14-9 649-217-00-8 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)265-115-2 64742-15-0 649-351-00-7 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED265-116-8 64742-16-1 NONE PETROLEUM SUBSTANCE - UNSPECIFIED265-117-3 64742-18-3 649-054-00-2 UNREFINED OR MILDLY REFINED BASE OIL265-118-9 64742-19-4 649-055-00-8 UNREFINED OR MILDLY REFINED BASE OIL265-119-4 64742-20-7 649-056-00-3 UNREFINED OR MILDLY REFINED BASE OIL265-121-5 64742-21-8 649-057-00-9 UNREFINED OR MILDLY REFINED BASE OIL265-122-0 64742-22-9 649-352-00-2 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED265-123-6 64742-23-0 649-353-00-8 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED265-124-1 64742-24-1 NONE REFINERY RECLAIM SUBSTANCE265-125-7 64742-25-2 NONE USED OR RE-REFINED OIL265-126-2 64742-26-3 NONE PETROLEUM WAX265-127-8 64742-27-4 649-058-00-4 UNREFINED OR MILDLY REFINED BASE OIL265-128-3 64742-28-5 649-059-00-X UNREFINED OR MILDLY REFINED BASE OIL265-129-9 64742-29-6 649-218-00-3 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)265-130-4 64742-30-9 649-219-00-9 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)265-132-5 64742-31-0 649-421-00-7 KEROSINE - UNSPECIFIED265-133-0 64742-32-1 NONE USED OR RE-REFINED OIL265-134-6 64742-33-2 NONE PETROLEUM WAX265-135-1 64742-34-3 649-060-00-5 UNREFINED OR MILDLY REFINED BASE OIL265-136-7 64742-35-4 649-061-00-0 UNREFINED OR MILDLY REFINED BASE OIL265-137-2 64742-36-5 649-460-00-X BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-138-8 64742-37-6 649-461-00-5 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-139-3 64742-38-7 649-220-00-4 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)265-143-5 64742-41-2 649-462-00-0 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-144-0 64742-42-3 NONE PETROLEUM WAX265-145-6 64742-43-4 NONE PETROLEUM WAX265-146-1 64742-44-5 649-463-00-6 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-147-7 64742-45-6 649-464-00-1 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-148-2 64742-46-7 649-221-00-X GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)265-149-8 64742-47-8 649-422-00-2 KEROSINE - UNSPECIFIED265-150-3 64742-48-9 649-327-00-6 LOW BOILING POINT HYDROGEN TREATED NAPHTHA265-151-9 64742-49-0 649-328-00-1 LOW BOILING POINT HYDROGEN TREATED NAPHTHA265-152-4 64742-50-3 NONE USED OR RE-REFINED OIL265-154-5 64742-51-4 NONE PETROLEUM WAX

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265-155-0 64742-52-5 649-465-00-7 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-156-6 64742-53-6 649-466-00-2 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-157-1 64742-54-7 649-467-00-8 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-158-7 64742-55-8 649-468-00-3 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-159-2 64742-56-9 649-469-00-9 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-160-8 64742-57-0 649-470-00-4 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-161-3 64742-58-1 NONE USED OR RE-REFINED OIL265-162-9 64742-59-2 649-015-00-X HEAVY FUEL OIL265-163-4 64742-60-5 NONE PETROLEUM WAX265-165-5 64742-61-6 649-244-00-5 SLACK WAX265-166-0 64742-62-7 649-471-00-X BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-167-6 64742-63-8 649-472-00-5 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-168-1 64742-64-9 649-473-00-0 BASE OIL – UNSPECIFIED265-169-7 64742-65-0 649-474-00-6 BASE OIL – UNSPECIFIED265-170-2 64742-66-1 649-354-00-3 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED265-171-8 64742-67-2 649-549-00-3 FOOTS OIL265-172-3 64742-68-3 649-475-00-1 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-173-9 64742-69-4 649-476-00-7 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-174-4 64742-70-7 649-477-00-2 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-176-5 64742-71-8 649-478-00-8 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-178-6 64742-73-0 649-329-00-7 LOW BOILING POINT HYDROGEN TREATED NAPHTHA265-179-1 64742-75-2 649-479-00-3 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-180-7 64742-76-3 649-480-00-9 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED265-181-2 64742-78-5 649-016-00-5 HEAVY FUEL OIL265-182-8 64742-79-6 649-222-00-5 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)265-183-3 64742-80-9 649-223-00-0 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)265-184-9 64742-81-0 649-423-00-8 KEROSINE - UNSPECIFIED265-185-4 64742-82-1 649-330-00-2 LOW BOILING POINT HYDROGEN TREATED NAPHTHA265-187-5 64742-83-2 649-355-00-9 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED265-188-0 64742-85-4 NONE BITUMEN OR VACUUM RESIDUE265-189-6 64742-86-5 649-017-00-0 HEAVY FUEL OIL265-190-1 64742-87-6 NONE VACUUM GAS OIL265-191-7 64742-88-7 649-405-00-X STRAIGHT RUN KEROSINE265-192-2 64742-89-8 649-267-00-0 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA265-193-8 64742-90-1 649-018-00-6 HEAVY FUEL OIL265-194-3 64742-91-2 649-408-00-6 CRACKED KEROSINE265-196-4 64742-93-4 NONE BITUMEN OR VACUUM RESIDUE265-198-5 64742-94-5 649-424-00-3 KEROSINE - UNSPECIFIED265-199-0 64742-95-6 649-356-00-4 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED265-200-4 64742-96-7 649-406-00-5 STRAIGHT RUN KEROSINE265-206-7 64743-01-7 649-255-00-5 PETROLATUM265-209-3 64743-04-0 NONE PETROLEUM COKE265-210-9 64743-05-1 NONE PETROLEUM COKE265-211-4 64743-06-2 NONE AROMATIC EXTRACT - UNSPECIFIED265-213-5 64743-07-3 NONE REFINERY RECLAIM SUBSTANCE265-233-4 64771-72-8 NONE PETROLEUM SUBSTANCE - UNSPECIFIED267-563-4 67891-79-6 649-318-00-7 LOW BOILING POINT THERMALLY CRACKED NAPHTHA267-565-5 67891-80-9 649-319-00-2 LOW BOILING POINT THERMALLY CRACKED NAPHTHA268-618-5 68131-49-7 649-357-00-X LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED268-629-5 68131-75-9 649-177-00-1 PETROLEUM GAS269-617-2 68307-98-2 649-178-00-7 PETROLEUM GAS269-618-8 68307-99-3 649-179-00-2 PETROLEUM GAS269-619-3 68308-00-9 649-180-00-8 PETROLEUM GAS269-620-9 68308-01-0 649-181-00-3 PETROLEUM GAS269-623-5 68308-03-2 649-183-00-4 PETROLEUM GAS269-624-0 68308-04-3 649-184-00-X PETROLEUM GAS269-625-6 68308-05-4 649-185-00-5 PETROLEUM GAS269-626-1 68308-06-5 649-186-00-0 PETROLEUM GAS269-627-7 68308-07-6 649-187-00-6 PETROLEUM GAS

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269-628-2 68308-08-7 649-210-00-X PETROLEUM GAS269-629-8 68308-09-8 649-188-00-1 PETROLEUM GAS269-630-3 68308-10-1 649-182-00-9 PETROLEUM GAS269-631-9 68308-11-2 649-189-00-7 PETROLEUM GAS269-632-4 68308-12-3 649-190-00-2 PETROLEUM GAS269-777-3 68333-22-2 649-019-00-1 HEAVY FUEL OIL269-778-9 68333-23-3 649-425-00-9 KEROSINE - UNSPECIFIED269-781-5 68333-25-5 649-439-00-5 CRACKED GAS OIL269-782-0 68333-26-6 649-020-00-7 HEAVY FUEL OIL269-783-6 68333-27-7 649-021-00-2 HEAVY FUEL OIL269-784-1 68333-28-8 649-022-00-8 HEAVY FUEL OIL269-822-7 68334-30-5 649-224-00-6 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (DIST. FUEL OILS)270-071-2 68409-99-4 649-191-00-8 PETROLEUM GAS270-072-8 69410-00-4 NONE PETROLEUM SUBSTANCE - UNSPECIFIED270-077-5 68410-05-9 649-268-00-6 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA270-088-5 68410-71-9 649-280-00-1 LOW BOILING POINT MODIFIED NAPHTHA270-092-7 68410-96-8 649-331-00-8 LOW BOILING POINT HYDROGEN TREATED NAPHTHA270-093-2 68410-97-9 649-332-00-3 LOW BOILING POINT HYDROGEN TREATED NAPHTHA270-094-8 68410-98-0 649-333-00-9 LOW BOILING POINT HYDROGEN TREATED NAPHTHA270-344-6 68425-29-6 649-320-00-8 LOW BOILING POINT THERMALLY CRACKED NAPHTHA270-349-3 68425-35-4 649-281-00-7 LOW BOILING POINT MODIFIED NAPHTHA270-651-5 68475-57-0 649-193-00-9 PETROLEUM GAS270-652-0 68475-58-1 649-194-00-4 PETROLEUM GAS270-653-6 68475-59-2 649-195-00-X PETROLEUM GAS270-654-1 68475-60-5 649-196-00-5 PETROLEUM GAS270-658-3 68475-70-7 649-321-00-3 LOW BOILING POINT THERMALLY CRACKED NAPHTHA270-660-4 68475-79-6 649-301-00-4 LOW BOILING POINT CAT-REFORMED NAPHTHA270-662-5 68475-80-9 649-440-00-0 CRACKED GAS OIL270-667-2 68476-26-6 649-197-00-0 PETROLEUM GAS270-670-9 68476-29-9 649-198-00-6 PETROLEUM GAS270-671-4 68476-30-2 649-225-00-2 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (DIST. FUEL OILS)270-673-5 68476-31-3 649-226-00-7 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (DIST. FUEL OILS)270-674-0 68476-32-4 649-023-00-3 HEAVY FUEL OIL270-675-6 68476-33-5 649-024-00-9 HEAVY FUEL OIL270-676-1 68476-34-6 649-227-00-2 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (DIST. FUEL OILS)270-681-9 68476-40-4 649-199-00-1 PETROLEUM GAS270-682-4 68476-42-6 649-200-00-5 PETROLEUM GAS270-686-6 68476-46-0 649-291-00-1 LOW BOILING POINT CAT-CRACKED NAPHTHA270-687-1 68476-47-1 649-302-00-X LOW BOILING POINT CAT-REFORMED NAPHTHA270-689-2 68476-49-3 649-201-00-0 PETROLEUM GAS270-690-8 68476-50-6 649-401-00-8 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED270-692-9 68476-53-9 NONE REFINERY RECLAIM SUBSTANCE270-695-5 68476-55-1 649-402-00-3 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED270-697-6 68476-77-7 NONE USED OR RE-REFINED OIL270-704-2 68476-85-7 649-202-00-6 PETROLEUM GAS270-705-8 68476-86-8 649-203-00-1 PETROLEUM GAS270-716-8 68477-26-9 NONE REFINERY RECLAIM SUBSTANCE270-719-4 68477-29-2 649-228-00-8 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)270-721-5 68477-30-5 649-229-00-3 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)270-722-0 68477-31-6 649-230-00-9 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)270-724-1 68477-33-8 649-204-00-7 PETROLEUM GAS270-725-7 68477-34-9 649-358-00-5 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED270-726-2 68477-35-0 649-205-00-2 PETROLEUM GAS270-727-8 68477-38-3 649-441-00-6 CRACKED GAS OIL270-728-3 68477-39-4 649-409-00-1 CRACKED KEROSINE270-729-9 68477-40-7 649-410-00-7 CRACKED KEROSINE270-735-1 68477-50-9 649-359-00-0 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED270-736-7 68477-53-2 649-360-00-6 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED270-737-2 68477-54-3 649-411-00-2 CRACKED KEROSINE

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270-738-8 68477-55-4 NONE LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED270-739-3 68477-58-7 NONE PETROLEUM SUBSTANCE - UNSPECIFIED270-741-4 68477-61-2 NONE LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED270-746-1 68477-65-6 649-120-00-0 REFINERY GAS270-747-7 68477-66-7 649-121-00-6 REFINERY GAS270-748-2 68477-67-8 649-122-00-1 REFINERY GAS270-749-8 68477-68-9 649-123-00-7 REFINERY GAS270-750-3 68477-69-0 649-206-00-3 PETROLEUM GAS270-751-9 68477-70-3 649-207-00-3 PETROLEUM GAS270-752-4 68477-71-4 649-208-00-9 PETROLEUM GAS270-754-5 68477-72-5 649-209-00-4 PETROLEUM GAS270-755-0 68477-73-6 649-062-00-6 PETROLEUM GAS270-756-6 68477-74-7 649-063-00-1 PETROLEUM GAS270-757-1 68477-75-8 649-064-00-7 PETROLEUM GAS270-758-7 68477-76-9 649-065-00-2 PETROLEUM GAS270-759-2 68477-77-0 649-124-00-2 REFINERY GAS270-760-8 68477-79-2 649-066-00-8 PETROLEUM GAS270-761-3 68477-80-5 649-125-00-8 REFINERY GAS270-762-9 68477-81-6 649-126-00-3 REFINERY GAS270-763-4 68477-82-7 649-127-00-9 REFINERY GAS270-765-5 68477-83-8 649-067-00-3 PETROLEUM GAS270-766-0 68477-84-9 649-128-00-4 REFINERY GAS270-767-6 68477-85-0 649-068-00-9 PETROLEUM GAS270-768-1 68477-86-1 649-069-00-4 PETROLEUM GAS270-769-7 68477-87-2 649-070-00-X PETROLEUM GAS270-771-8 68477-89-4 649-363-00-2 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED270-772-3 68477-90-7 649-071-00-5 PETROLEUM GAS270-773-9 68477-91-8 649-072-00-0 PETROLEUM GAS270-774-4 68477-92-9 649-129-00-X REFINERY GAS270-776-5 68477-93-0 649-130-00-5 REFINERY GAS270-777-0 68477-94-1 649-073-00-6 PETROLEUM GAS270-778-6 68477-95-2 649-074-00-1 PETROLEUM GAS270-779-1 68477-96-3 649-131-00-0 REFINERY GAS270-780-7 68477-97-4 649-132-00-6 REFINERY GAS270-781-2 68477-98-5 649-133-00-1 REFINERY GAS270-782-8 68477-99-6 649-075-00-7 PETROLEUM GAS270-783-3 68478-00-2 649-134-00-7 REFINERY GAS270-784-9 68478-01-3 649-135-00-2 REFINERY GAS270-785-4 68478-02-4 649-136-00-8 REFINERY GAS270-787-5 68478-03-5 649-137-00-3 REFINERY GAS270-788-0 68478-04-6 649-138-00-9 REFINERY GAS270-789-6 68478-05-7 649-139-00-4 REFINERY GAS270-791-7 68478-12-6 649-364-00-8 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED270-792-2 68478-13-7 649-025-00-4 HEAVY FUEL OIL270-794-3 68478-15-9 649-303-00-5 LOW BOILING POINT CAT-REFORMED NAPHTHA270-795-9 68478-16-0 649-365-00-3 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED270-796-4 68478-17-1 649-026-00-X HEAVY FUEL OIL270-802-5 68478-21-7 649-076-00-2 PETROLEUM GAS270-803-0 68478-22-8 649-077-00-8 PETROLEUM GAS270-804-6 68478-24-0 649-078-00-3 PETROLEUM GAS270-805-1 68478-25-1 649-140-00-X REFINERY GAS270-806-7 68478-26-2 649-079-00-9 PETROLEUM GAS270-807-2 68478-27-3 649-141-00-5 REFINERY GAS270-808-8 68478-28-4 649-142-00-0 REFINERY GAS270-809-3 69478-29-5 649-143-00-6 REFINERY GAS270-810-9 68478-30-8 649-144-00-1 REFINERY GAS270-813-5 68478-32-0 649-080-00-4 PETROLEUM GAS270-814-0 68478-33-1 649-081-00-X PETROLEUM GAS270-815-6 68478-34-2 649-082-00-5 PETROLEUM GAS

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270-983-0 68512-61-8 649-027-00-5 HEAVY FUEL OIL270-984-6 68512-62-9 649-028-00-0 HEAVY FUEL OIL270-988-8 68512-78-7 649-334-00-4 LOW BOILING POINT HYDROGEN TREATED NAPHTHA270-990-9 68512-91-4 649-083-00-0 PETROLEUM GAS270-991-4 68513-02-0 649-366-00-9 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED270-993-5 68513-03-1 649-304-00-0 LOW BOILING POINT CAT-REFORMED NAPHTHA270-999-8 68513-14-4 649-145-00-7 REFINERY GAS271-000-8 68513-15-5 649-084-00-6 PETROLEUM GAS271-001-3 68513-16-6 649-085-00-1 PETROLEUM GAS271-002-9 68513-17-7 649-086-00-7 PETROLEUM GAS271-003-4 68513-18-8 649-146-00-2 REFINERY GAS271-005-5 68513-19-9 649-147-00-8 REFINERY GAS271-008-1 68513-63-3 649-305-00-6 LOW BOILING POINT CAT-REFORMED NAPHTHA271-010-2 68513-66-6 649-087-00-2 PETROLEUM GAS271-013-9 68513-69-9 649-029-00-6 HEAVY FUEL OIL271-025-4 68514-15-8 649-269-00-1 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA271-032-2 68514-31-8 649-088-00-8 PETROLEUM GAS271-038-5 68514-36-3 649-089-00-3 PETROLEUM GAS271-058-4 68514-79-4 649-306-00-1 LOW BOILING POINT CAT-REFORMED NAPHTHA271-138-9 68516-20-1 649-367-00-4 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED271-258-1 68527-15-1 649-148-00-3 REFINERY GAS271-259-7 68527-16-2 649-090-00-9 PETROLEUM GAS271-260-2 68527-18-4 649-442-00-1 CRACKED GAS OIL271-261-8 68527-19-5 649-091-00-4 PETROLEUM GAS271-262-3 68527-21-9 649-368-00-X LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED271-263-9 68527-22-0 649-369-00-5 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED271-264-4 68527-23-1 649-370-00-0 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED271-266-5 68527-26-4 649-371-00-6 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED271-267-0 68527-27-5 649-282-00-2 LOW BOILING POINT MODIFIED NAPHTHA271-384-7 68553-00-4 649-030-00-1 HEAVY FUEL OIL271-623-5 68602-82-4 649-149-00-9 REFINERY GAS271-624-0 68602-83-5 649-092-00-X PETROLEUM GAS271-625-6 68602-84-6 649-150-00-4 REFINERY GAS271-631-9 68603-00-9 649-322-00-9 LOW BOILING POINT THERMALLY CRACKED NAPHTHA271-632-4 68603-01-0 649-323-00-4 LOW BOILING POINT THERMALLY CRACKED NAPHTHA271-634-5 68603-03-2 649-324-00-X LOW BOILING POINT THERMALLY CRACKED NAPHTHA271-635-0 68603-08-7 649-372-00-1 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED271-726-5 68606-10-0 649-373-00-7 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA – UNSPECIFIED271-727-0 68606-11-1 649-270-00-7 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA271-734-9 68606-25-7 649-093-00-5 PETROLEUM GAS271-735-4 68606-26-8 649-094-00-0 PETROLEUM GAS271-737-5 68606-27-9 649-095-00-6 PETROLEUM GAS271-742-2 68606-34-8 649-096-00-1 PETROLEUM GAS271-750-6 68607-11-4 649-151-00-X REFINERY GAS271-763-7 68607-30-7 649-031-00-7 HEAVY FUEL OIL272-173-2 68782-98-9 NONE AROMATIC EXTRACT - UNSPECIFIED272-174-8 68782-99-0 NONE AROMATIC EXTRACT - UNSPECIFIED272-175-3 68783-00-6 649-531-00-5 DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT (TREATED)272-177-4 68783-02-8 NONE AROMATIC EXTRACT - UNSPECIFIED272-179-5 68783-03-9 NONE AROMATIC EXTRACT - UNSPECIFIED272-180-0 68783-04-0 649-532-00-0 DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT (TREATED)272-182-1 68783-06-2 649-152-00-5 REFINERY GAS272-183-7 68783-07-3 649-097-00-7 PETROLEUM GAS272-184-2 68783-08-4 649-032-00-2 HEAVY FUEL OIL272-185-8 68783-09-5 649-292-00-7 LOW BOILING POINT CAT-CRACKED NAPHTHA272-186-3 68783-12-0 649-271-00-2 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA272-187-9 68783-13-1 649-033-00-8 HEAVY FUEL OIL272-203-4 68783-64-2 649-098-00-2 PETROLEUM GAS272-205-5 68783-65-3 649-099-00-8 PETROLEUM GAS

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272-206-0 68783-66-4 649-374-00-2 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED272-338-9 68814-67-5 649-153-00-0 REFINERY GAS272-341-5 68814-87-9 NONE STRAIGHT RUN GAS OIL272-342-0 68814-89-1 649-533-00-6 DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT (TREATED)272-343-6 68814-90-4 649-154-00-6 REFINERY GAS272-775-5 68911-58-0 649-155-00-1 REFINERY GAS272-776-0 68911-59-1 649-156-00-7 REFINERY GAS272-817-2 68915-96-8 NONE STRAIGHT RUN GAS OIL272-818-8 68915-97-9 NONE STRAIGHT RUN GAS OIL272-867-5 68918-73-0 NONE REFINERY RECLAIM SUBSTANCE272-871-7 68918-99-0 649-100-00-1 PETROLEUM GAS272-872-2 68919-00-6 649-101-00-7 PETROLEUM GAS272-873-8 68919-01-7 649-157-00-2 REFINERY GAS272-874-3 68919-02-8 649-158-00-8 REFINERY GAS272-875-9 68919-03-9 649-159-00-3 REFINERY GAS272-876-4 68919-04-0 649-160-00-9 REFINERY GAS272-878-5 68919-05-1 649-102-00-2 PETROLEUM GAS272-879-0 68919-06-2 649-103-00-8 PETROLEUM GAS272-880-6 68919-07-3 649-161-00-4 REFINERY GAS272-881-1 68919-08-4 649-162-00-X REFINERY GAS272-882-7 68919-09-5 649-104-00-3 PETROLEUM GAS272-883-2 68919-10-8 649-106-00-4 PETROLEUM GAS272-884-8 68919-11-9 649-163-00-5 REFINERY GAS272-885-3 68919-12-0 649-164-00-0 REFINERY GAS272-893-7 68919-20-0 649-105-00-9 PETROLEUM GAS272-895-8 68919-37-9 649-307-00-7 LOW BOILING POINT CAT-REFORMED NAPHTHA272-896-3 68919-39-1 649-375-00-8 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED272-930-7 68921-07-3 NONE PETROLEUM SUBSTANCE - UNSPECIFIED272-931-2 68921-08-4 649-272-00-8 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA272-932-8 68921-09-5 649-376-00-3 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED273-169-3 68952-76-1 649-107-00-X PETROLEUM GAS273-170-9 68952-77-2 649-108-00-5 PETROLEUM GAS273-173-5 68952-79-4 649-165-00-6 REFINERY GAS273-174-0 68952-80-7 649-166-00-1 REFINERY GAS273-175-6 68952-81-8 649-109-00-0 PETROLEUM GAS273-176-1 68952-82-9 649-110-00-6 PETROLEUM GAS273-263-4 68955-27-1 649-034-00-3 HEAVY FUEL OIL273-265-5 68955-28-2 649-111-00-1 PETROLEUM GAS273-266-0 68955-29-3 649-325-00-5 LOW BOILING POINT THERMALLY CRACKED NAPHTHA273-269-7 68955-33-9 649-167-00-7 REFINERY GAS273-270-2 68955-34-0 649-112-00-7 PETROLEUM GAS273-271-8 68955-35-1 649-308-00-2 LOW BOILING POINT CAT-REFORMED NAPHTHA273-272-3 68955-36-2 649-035-00-9 HEAVY FUEL OIL273-314-0 68956-70-7 NONE REFINERY RECLAIM SUBSTANCE273-563-5 68989-88-8 649-168-00-2 REFINERY GAS274-635-9 70514-12-4 NONE USED OR RE-REFINED OIL274-683-0 70592-76-6 649-036-00-4 HEAVY FUEL OIL274-684-6 70592-77-7 649-037-00-X HEAVY FUEL OIL274-685-1 70592-78-8 649-038-00-5 HEAVY FUEL OIL274-686-7 70592-79-9 NONE PETROLEUM SUBSTANCE - UNSPECIFIED276-735-8 72623-83-7 NONE HIGHLY REFINED BASE OIL276-736-3 72623-85-9 649-481-00-4 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED276-737-9 72623-86-0 649-482-00-X BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED276-738-4 72623-87-1 649-483-00-5 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED278-011-7 74869-21-9 649-243-00-X GREASE278-012-2 74869-22-0 649-484-00-0 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED285-095-9 85029-72-7 NONE PETROLEUM WAX285-098-5 85029-74-9 649-256-00-0 PETROLATUM285-505-6 85116-53-6 649-443-00-7 CRACKED GAS OIL

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285-507-7 85116-55-8 649-412-00-8 CRACKED KEROSINE285-508-2 85116-57-0 649-426-00-4 KEROSINE - UNSPECIFIED285-509-8 85116-58-1 649-309-00-8 LOW BOILING POINT CAT-REFORMED NAPHTHA285-510-3 85116-59-2 649-377-00-9 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED285-511-9 85116-60-5 649-335-00-X LOW BOILING POINT HYDROGEN TREATED NAPHTHA285-512-4 85116-61-6 649-336-00-5 LOW BOILING POINT HYDROGEN TREATED NAPHTHA285-555-9 85117-03-9 649-039-00-0 HEAVY FUEL OIL289-220-8 86290-81-5 649-378-00-4 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED289-339-5 87741-01-3 649-113-00-2 PETROLEUM GAS292-454-3 90622-53-0 649-242-00-4 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)292-456-4 90622-55-2 649-114-00-8 PETROLEUM GAS292-613-7 90640-91-8 649-485-00-6 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED292-614-2 90640-92-9 649-486-00-1 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED292-615-8 90640-93-0 649-231-00-4 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)292-616-3 90640-94-1 649-487-00-7 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED292-617-9 90640-95-2 649-488-00-2 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED292-618-4 90640-96-3 649-489-00-8 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED292-620-5 90640-97-4 649-490-00-3 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED292-621-0 90640-98-5 649-413-00-3 CRACKED KEROSINE292-631-5 90641-07-9 649-534-00-1 DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT (TREATED)292-632-0 90641-08-0 649-535-00-7 DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT (TREATED)292-633-6 90641-09-1 649-536-00-2 DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT (TREATED)292-637-8 90641-13-7 649-414-00-9 CRACKED KEROSINE292-640-4 90669-47-9 NONE PETROLEUM WAX292-655-6 90669-60-6 NONE PETROLEUM SUBSTANCE - UNSPECIFIED292-656-1 90669-74-2 649-491-00-9 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED292-657-7 90669-75-3 649-040-00-6 HEAVY FUEL OIL292-658-2 90669-76-4 649-041-00-1 HEAVY FUEL OIL292-659-8 90669-77-5 649-245-00-0 SLACK WAX292-660-3 90669-78-6 649-246-00-6 SLACK WAX292-695-4 90989-39-2 NONE LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED292-698-0 90989-42-7 649-379-00-X LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED293-258-0 91052-94-7 NONE USED OR RE-REFINED OIL293-299-4 91053-35-9 NONE PETROLEUM SUBSTANCE - UNSPECIFIED294-454-9 91722-55-3 NONE STRAIGHT RUN GAS OIL294-799-5 91770-15-9 649-427-00-X KEROSINE - UNSPECIFIED294-843-3 91770-57-9 649-492-00-4 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED295-279-0 91995-18-5 649-310-00-3 LOW BOILING POINT CAT-REFORMED NAPHTHA295-284-8 91995-23-2 NONE BITUMEN OR VACUUM RESIDUE295-294-2 91995-34-5 649-232-00-X GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)295-298-4 91995-38-9 649-380-00-5 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED295-300-3 91995-39-0 649-493-00-X BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED295-301-9 91995-40-3 649-494-00-5 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED295-302-4 91995-41-4 649-381-00-0 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED295-306-6 91995-45-8 649-495-00-0 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED295-307-1 91995-46-9 NONE PETROLEUM SUBSTANCE - UNSPECIFIED295-311-3 91995-50-5 649-293-00-2 LOW BOILING POINT CAT-CRACKED NAPHTHA295-315-5 91995-53-8 649-283-00-8 LOW BOILING POINT MODIFIED NAPHTHA295-316-0 91995-54-9 649-496-00-6 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED295-317-6 91995-55-0 NONE PETROLEUM SUBSTANCE - UNSPECIFIED295-330-7 91995-67-4 NONE AROMATIC EXTRACT - UNSPECIFIED295-331-2 91995-68-5 649-382-00-6 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED295-332-8 91995-70-9 NONE RESIDUAL AROMATIC EXTRACT295-333-3 91995-71-0 NONE AROMATIC EXTRACT – UNSPECIFIED295-334-9 91995-72-1 NONE AROMATIC EXTRACT - UNSPECIFIED295-335-4 91995-73-2 649-537-00-8 DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT (TREATED)295-338-0 91995-75-4 649-538-00-3 DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT (TREATED)295-339-6 91995-76-5 649-539-00-9 DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT (TREATED)295-340-1 91995-77-6 649-540-00-4 DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT (TREATED)

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295-341-7 91995-78-7 649-005-00-5 DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT295-342-2 91995-79-8 649-541-00-X DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT (TREATED)295-394-6 92045-12-0 649-550-00-9 FOOTS OIL295-396-7 92045-14-2 649-042-00-7 HEAVY FUEL OIL295-397-2 92045-13-5 649-169-00-8 REFINERY GAS295-398-8 92045-16-4 649-170-00-3 REFINERY GAS295-399-3 92045-17-5 649-171-00-9 REFINERY GAS295-400-7 92045-18-6 649-172-00-4 REFINERY GAS295-401-2 92045-19-7 649-173-00-X REFINERY GAS295-402-8 92045-20-0 649-174-00-5 REFINERY GAS295-404-9 92045-22-2 649-115-00-3 PETROLEUM GAS295-405-4 92045-23-3 649-116-00-9 PETROLEUM GAS295-407-5 92045-24-4 NONE VACUUM GAS OIL295-408-0 92045-26-6 NONE VACUUM GAS OIL295-409-6 92045-27-7 NONE VACUUM GAS OIL295-411-7 92045-29-9 649-444-00-2 CRACKED GAS OIL295-416-4 92045-36-8 649-428-00-5 KEROSINE - UNSPECIFIED295-418-5 92045-37-9 649-407-00-0 STRAIGHT RUN KEROSINE295-421-1 92045-40-4 NONE USED OR RE-REFINED OIL295-422-7 92045-41-5 NONE USED OR RE-REFINED OIL295-423-2 92045-42-6 649-497-00-1 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED295-424-8 92045-43-7 649-498-00-7 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED295-425-3 92045-44-8 NONE HIGHLY REFINED BASE OIL295-426-9 92045-45-9 NONE HIGHLY REFINED BASE OIL295-430-0 92045-49-3 649-284-00-3 LOW BOILING POINT MODIFIED NAPHTHA295-431-6 92045-50-6 649-294-00-8 LOW BOILING POINT CAT-CRACKED NAPHTHA295-432-1 92045-51-7 649-337-00-0 LOW BOILING POINT HYDROGEN TREATED NAPHTHA295-433-7 92045-52-8 649-338-00-6 LOW BOILING POINT HYDROGEN TREATED NAPHTHA295-434-2 92045-53-9 649-383-00-1 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED295-436-3 92045-55-1 649-285-00-9 LOW BOILING POINT MODIFIED NAPHTHA295-438-4 92045-57-3 649-339-00-1 LOW BOILING POINT HYDROGEN TREATED NAPHTHA295-440-5 92045-58-4 649-286-00-4 LOW BOILING POINT MODIFIED NAPHTHA295-441-0 92045-59-5 649-295-00-3 LOW BOILING POINT CAT-CRACKED NAPHTHA295-442-6 92045-60-8 649-384-00-7 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED295-443-1 92045-61-9 649-340-00-7 LOW BOILING POINT HYDROGEN TREATED NAPHTHA295-444-7 92045-62-0 649-385-00-2 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED295-445-2 92045-63-1 649-386-00-8 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED295-446-8 92045-64-2 649-287-00-X LOW BOILING POINT MODIFIED NAPHTHA295-447-3 92045-65-3 649-326-00-0 LOW BOILING POINT THERMALLY CRACKED NAPHTHA295-448-9 92045-66-4 NONE REFINERY RECLAIM SUBSTANCE295-456-2 92045-74-4 NONE PETROLEUM WAX295-457-8 92045-75-5 NONE PETROLEUM WAX295-458-3 92045-76-6 NONE PETROLEUM WAX295-459-9 92045-77-7 649-257-00-6 PETROLATUM295-463-0 92045-80-2 649-117-00-4 PETROLEUM GAS295-499-7 92061-86-4 649-499-00-2 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED295-511-0 92061-97-7 649-043-00-2 HEAVY FUEL OIL295-513-1 92061-99-9 NONE PETROLEUM SUBSTANCE - UNSPECIFIED295-514-7 92062-00-5 649-445-00-8 CRACKED GAS OIL295-516-8 92062-03-8 NONE USED OR RE-REFINED OIL295-517-3 92062-04-9 649-446-00-3 CRACKED GAS OIL295-518-9 92062-05-0 NONE BITUMEN OR VACUUM RESIDUE295-521-5 92062-07-2 NONE REFINERY RECLAIM SUBSTANCE295-523-6 92062-09-4 649-247-00-1 SLACK WAX295-524-1 92062-10-7 649-248-00-7 SLACK WAX295-525-7 92062-11-8 649-249-00-2 SLACK WAX295-526-2 92062-12-9 NONE REFINERY RECLAIM SUBSTANCE295-528-3 92062-14-1 NONE STRAIGHT RUN GAS OIL295-529-9 92062-15-2 649-341-00-2 LOW BOILING POINT HYDROGEN TREATED NAPHTHA

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295-550-3 92062-35-6 NONE HIGHLY REFINED BASE OIL295-794-0 92128-94-4 649-296-00-9 LOW BOILING POINT CAT-CRACKED NAPHTHA295-810-6 92129-09-4 649-500-00-6 BASE OIL – UNSPECIFIED295-990-6 92201-59-7 649-044-00-8 HEAVY FUEL OIL295-991-1 92201-60-0 649-447-00-9 CRACKED GAS OIL296-028-8 92201-97-3 649-387-00-3 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED296-437-1 92704-08-0 649-542-00-5 DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT (TREATED)296-468-0 92704-36-4 NONE STRAIGHT RUN GAS OIL296-903-4 93165-19-6 649-388-00-9 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED296-942-7 93165-55-0 649-342-00-8 LOW BOILING POINT HYDROGEN TREATED NAPHTHA297-104-3 93334-30-6 NONE USED OR RE-REFINED OIL297-401-8 93571-75-6 649-311-00-9 LOW BOILING POINT CAT-REFORMED NAPHTHA297-458-9 93572-29-3 649-312-00-4 LOW BOILING POINT CAT-REFORMED NAPHTHA297-465-7 93572-35-1 649-313-00-X LOW BOILING POINT CAT-REFORMED NAPHTHA297-466-2 93572-36-2 649-314-00-5 LOW BOILING POINT CAT-REFORMED NAPHTHA297-474-6 93572-43-1 649-501-00-1 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED297-488-2 93572-57-7 NONE REFINERY RECLAIM SUBSTANCE297-827-4 93763-10-1 649-543-00-0 DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT (TREATED)297-829-5 93763-11-2 649-544-00-6 DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT (TREATED)297-852-0 93763-33-8 649-343-00-3 LOW BOILING POINT HYDROGEN TREATED NAPHTHA297-853-6 93763-34-9 649-344-00-9 LOW BOILING POINT HYDROGEN TREATED NAPHTHA297-854-1 93763-35-0 649-429-00-0 KEROSINE - UNSPECIFIED297-857-8 93763-38-3 649-502-00-7 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED297-905-8 93763-85-0 649-448-00-4 CRACKED GAS OIL298-754-0 93821-66-0 649-045-00-3 HEAVY FUEL OIL300-225-7 93924-31-3 649-175-00-0 FOOTS OIL300-226-2 93924-32-4 649-176-00-6 FOOTS OIL300-227-8 93924-33-5 649-233-00-5 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)300-257-1 93924-61-9 649-503-00-2 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED302-639-3 94114-03-1 649-389-00-4 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED302-656-6 94114-22-4 NONE BITUMEN OR VACUUM RESIDUE305-588-5 94733-08-1 649-504-00-8 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED305-589-0 94733-09-2 649-505-00-3 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED305-590-6 94733-10-5 NONE AROMATIC EXTRACT - UNSPECIFIED305-594-8 94733-15-0 649-506-00-9 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED305-595-3 94733-16-1 649-507-00-4 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED305-750-5 95009-23-7 649-390-00-X LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED305-971-7 95371-04-3 649-508-00-X BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED305-972-2 95371-05-4 649-509-00-5 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED305-974-3 95371-07-6 649-510-00-0 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED305-975-9 95371-08-7 649-511-00-6 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED306-004-1 95465-89-7 649-118-00-X PETROLEUM GAS307-010-7 97488-73-8 649-512-00-1 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED307-011-2 97488-74-9 649-513-00-7 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED307-012-8 97488-75-0 NONE AROMATIC EXTRACT - UNSPECIFIED307-033-2 97488-94-3 649-430-00-6 KEROSINE - UNSPECIFIED307-034-8 97488-95-4 649-514-00-2 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED307-035-3 97488-96-5 649-234-00-0 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)307-045-8 97489-05-9 NONE PETROLEUM WAX307-659-6 97675-85-9 649-235-00-6 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)307-660-1 97675-86-0 649-236-00-1 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)307-661-7 97675-87-1 649-515-00-8 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED307-662-2 97675-88-2 649-449-00-X CRACKED GAS OIL (HYDROCRACKED GAS OIL)307-750-0 97722-01-5 NONE VACUUM GAS OIL307-753-7 97722-04-8 649-006-00-0 DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT307-754-2 97722-05-9 NONE VACUUM GAS OIL307-755-8 97722-06-0 649-516-00-3 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED307-756-3 97722-07-1 NONE VACUUM GAS OIL307-757-9 97722-08-2 649-237-00-7 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)

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307-758-4 97722-09-3 649-517-00-9 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED307-760-5 97722-10-6 649-518-00-4 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED307-769-4 97722-19-5 649-119-00-5 PETROLEUM GAS308-126-0 97862-76-5 649-211-00-5 FOOTS OIL308-127-6 97862-77-6 649-315-00-0 FOOTS OIL308-128-1 97862-78-7 649-238-00-2 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)308-131-8 97862-81-2 649-519-00-X BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED308-132-3 97862-82-3 649-520-00-5 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED308-133-9 97862-83-4 649-521-00-0 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED308-140-7 97862-89-0 NONE PETROLEUM WAX308-141-2 97862-90-3 NONE PETROLEUM WAX308-142-8 97862-91-4 NONE PETROLEUM WAX308-143-3 97862-92-5 NONE PETROLEUM WAX308-144-9 97862-93-6 NONE PETROLEUM WAX308-145-4 97862-94-7 NONE PETROLEUM WAX308-147-5 97862-95-8 NONE PETROLEUM WAX308-148-0 97862-96-9 NONE PETROLEUM WAX308-149-6 97862-97-0 649-258-00-1 PETROLATUM308-150-1 97862-98-1 649-259-00-7 PETROLATUM308-155-9 97863-04-2 649-250-00-8 SLACK WAX308-156-4 97863-05-3 649-251-00-3 SLACK WAX308-158-5 97863-06-4 649-252-00-9 SLACK WAX308-252-6 97926-35-7 NONE PETROLEUM SUBSTANCE - UNSPECIFIED308-261-5 97926-43-7 649-391-00-5 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED308-278-8 97926-59-5 649-450-00-5 CRACKED GAS OIL308-287-7 97926-68-6 649-522-00-6 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED308-289-8 97926-70-0 649-523-00-1 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED308-290-3 97926-71-1 649-524-00-7 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED308-527-0 98072-71-0 NONE REFINERY RECLAIM SUBSTANCE308-713-1 98219-46-6 649-392-00-0 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED308-714-7 98219-47-7 649-393-00-6 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED308-733-0 98219-64-8 649-046-00-9 HEAVY FUEL OIL308-935-9 99035-68-4 NONE USED OR RE-REFINED OIL309-667-5 100683-97-4 649-239-00-8 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)309-668-0 100683-98-5 649-240-00-3 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)309-669-6 100683-99-6 649-241-00-9 GAS OIL - UNSPECIFIED (OTHER GAS OILS)309-670-1 100684-00-2 NONE AROMATIC EXTRACT - UNSPECIFIED309-671-7 100684-01-3 NONE AROMATIC EXTRACT - UNSPECIFIED309-672-2 100684-02-4 649-545-00-1 DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT (TREATED)309-673-8 100684-03-5 649-546-00-7 DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT (TREATED)309-674-3 100684-04-6 649-547-00-2 DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT (TREATED)309-675-9 100684-05-7 649-548-00-8 DISTILLATE AROMATIC EXTRACT (TREATED)309-676-4 100684-06-8 NONE AROMATIC EXTRACT - UNSPECIFIED309-678-5 100684-07-9 NONE AROMATIC EXTRACT - UNSPECIFIED309-693-7 100684-22-8 NONE VACUUM GAS OIL309-694-2 100684-23-9 NONE VACUUM GAS OIL309-695-8 100684-24-0 NONE STRAIGHT RUN GAS OIL309-706-6 100684-33-1 649-260-00-2 PETROLATUM309-710-8 100684-37-5 649-525-00-2 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED309-711-3 100684-38-6 649-526-00-8 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED309-712-9 100684-39-7 NONE BITUMEN OR VACUUM RESIDUE309-713-4 100684-40-0 NONE BITUMEN OR VACUUM RESIDUE309-723-9 100684-49-9 649-253-00-4 SLACK WAX309-862-5 101316-56-7 649-394-00-1 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED309-863-0 101316-57-8 649-047-00-4 HEAVY FUEL OIL309-864-6 101316-58-9 649-431-00-1 KEROSINE - UNSPECIFIED309-865-1 101316-59-0 649-451-00-0 CRACKED GAS OIL309-866-7 101316-61-4 649-415-00-4 CRACKED KEROSINE309-870-9 101316-66-9 649-395-00-7 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED

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309-871-4 101316-67-0 649-288-00-5 LOW BOILING POINT MODIFIED NAPHTHA309-874-0 101316-69-2 649-527-00-3 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED309-875-6 101316-70-5 649-528-00-9 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED309-876-1 101316-71-6 649-529-00-4 BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED309-877-7 101316-72-7 649-530-00-X BASE OIL - UNSPECIFIED309-878-2 101316-73-8 NONE USED OR RE-REFINED OIL309-879-8 101316-76-1 649-396-00-2 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED309-881-9 101316-80-7 649-417-00-5 CRACKED KEROSINE309-882-4 101316-81-8 649-432-00-7 KEROSINE - UNSPECIFIED309-884-5 101316-82-9 649-433-00-2 KEROSINE - UNSPECIFIED309-938-8 101631-13-4 649-416-00-X CRACKED KEROSINE309-939-3 101631-14-5 649-452-00-6 CRACKED GAS OIL309-940-9 101631-15-6 649-418-00-0 CRACKED KEROSINE309-943-5 101631-18-9 NONE REFINERY RECLAIM SUBSTANCE309-944-0 101631-19-0 649-434-00-8 KEROSINE - UNSPECIFIED309-945-6 101631-20-3 649-273-00-3 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA309-974-4 101794-97-2 649-297-00-4 LOW BOILING POINT CAT-CRACKED NAPHTHA309-976-5 101795-01-1 649-397-00-8 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED309-987-5 101896-28-0 649-298-00-X LOW BOILING POINT CAT-CRACKED NAPHTHA310-012-0 102110-14-5 649-398-00-3 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED310-013-6 102110-15-6 649-399-00-9 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED310-057-6 102110-55-4 649-400-00-2 LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA - UNSPECIFIED

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APPENDIX 4

COMMON TERMS AND ACRONYMS USED IN CLASSIFICATION ANDLABELLING

HAZARD The inherently dangerous properties of a substance.

RISK The probability of the hazardous properties of a substancecausing harm to people or the environment.

CATEGORY OF DANGER A broad description of hazard.

CLASSIFICATION Precise identification of the hazards of a substance byassigning categories of danger and risk phrases using setcriteria. Examples: FLAMMABLE, CARCINOGEN (Cat. 1, 2 or3), DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT.

Note: The classification category does not necessarily appearon the label.

DANGER SYMBOL A pictogram on the label intended to draw attention to the typeof hazard associated with a substance. Examples: FLAME,SKULL & CROSSBONES, DEAD FISH/DEAD TREE. Tocommunicate these symbols where it is not practical to use thepictogram, letters such as F, T, N are used (See Table 2).These letters are often used in safety data sheets.

Note: While the pictogram appears on the label, its letterdesignation does not.

INDICATION OF DANGER A word appearing under the danger symbol on the label toenhance or clarify the symbol. Examples: HIGHLYFLAMMABLE, TOXIC.

Note: The Indication of Danger will not always appear on thelabel e.g. for a carcinogenic substance.

RISK PHRASE (R) A standard phrase which gives simple information about thehazards of a substance in normal use. Examples R43 "Maycause sensitization by skin contact.", R45 "May causecancer."

Note: Risk phrases are assigned according to Annex VI to theDSD.

SAFETY PHRASE(S) A standard phrase which gives advice on safety precautionswhich may be appropriate when using the substance.Examples: S16 "Keep away from sources of ignition - Nosmoking.", S24 "Avoid contact with skin.", S61 "Avoidrelease to the environment. Refer to specialinstructions/safety data sheet."

Note: Safety phrases are assigned according to Annex VI tothe DSD.

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SUBSTANCE A chemical element or its compounds, including impuritiesand/or stabilisers. A substance may be a complex and variablemixture of related chemical compounds e.g. petroleumsubstances are complex mixtures of mainly hydrocarbons. Bydefinition any material listed in EINECS is deemed to be asubstance.

PREPARATION A blend of two or more substances.

EINECS NUMBER A 7 figure number given to chemicals listed in EINECS(European Inventory of Existing Commercial ChemicalSubstances). All petroleum substances have such numbersand the inventory also includes their names and, in mostcases, definitions which indicate the origin and chemical natureof the substance.

INDEX NUMBER A 9 figure number allocated to each substance entered in theAnnex I list of dangerous substances associated with theDangerous Substances Directive. All complex petroleumsubstances have 649 as the first three digits in their indexnumbers e.g. crude oil, or petroleum has the index number649-049-00-5.

DSD Dangerous Substances Directive

DPD Dangerous Preparations Directive

ATP Adaptation to Technical Progress

TPC Technical Progress Committee

HEDSET Harmonised Electronic Data Set

WAF Water Accommodated Fraction

Kow Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient

BCF Bioconcentration Factor

LD50 Lethal Dose that will kill 50% of a population of animals

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APPENDIX 5

NOTES FROM 28TH ATP OF DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES DIRECTIVE

Nota E

Substances with specific effects on human health (see Chapter 4 of Annex VI) that are classifiedas carcinogenic, mutagenic and/or toxic to reproduction in categories 1 or 2 are ascribed Nota Eif they are also classified as Very Toxic (T+), Toxic (T) or Harmful (Xn). For these substances,the risk phrases R20, R21, R22, R23, R24, R25, R26, R27, R28, R39, R40 and R48 and allcombinations of these risk phrases shall be preceded by the word "also".

Examples: R 45-23 ‘May cause cancerAlso toxic by inhalation’

R 46-27/28 ‘May cause heritable genetic damageAlso very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed’.

Nota H

The classification and label shown for this substance applies to the dangerous property(ies)indicated by the risk phrase(s) in combination with the category(ies) of danger shown. Therequirements of Article 6 of this Directive on manufacturers, distributors and importers of thissubstance apply to all other aspects of classification and labelling. The final label shall follow therequirements of Section 7 of Annex VI of this Directive. This Nota applies only to certain coal-and oil-derived complex substances in Annex I.

Nota J

The classification as a carcinogen need not apply if it can be shown that the substance containsless than 0,1% w/w benzene (EINECS No 200-753-7). This Nota applies only to certain complexcoal- and oil-derived substances in Annex I.

Nota K

The classification as a carcinogen need not apply if it can be shown that the substance containsless than 0.1% w/w 1,3-butadiene (EINECS No 203-450-8). If the substance is not classified as acarcinogen, at least the S phrases (2)-9-16 should apply. This Nota applies only to certaincomplex oil-derived substances in Annex I.

Nota L

The classification as a carcinogen need not apply if it can be shown that the substance containsless than 3% w/w DMSO extract as measured by IP 346. This Nota applies only to certaincomplex oil-derived substances in Annex I.

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Nota N

The classification as a carcinogen need not apply if the full refining history is known and it can beshown that the substance from which it was produced is not a carcinogen. This Nota applies onlyto certain complex oil-derived substances in Annex I.

Nota P

The classification as a carcinogen need not apply if it can be shown that the substance containsless than 0.1% w/w benzene (EINECS No 200-753-7). When the substance is classified as acarcinogen, Nota E shall apply. When the substance is not classified as a carcinogen, at leastthe S-phrases (2)-23-24-62 shall apply. This Nota applies only to certain complex oil-derivedsubstances in Annex I.

Nota 4

Preparations containing these substances have to be classified as harmful with R65 if they meetthe criteria in Section 3.2.3 in Annex VI.

Nota 5

The concentration limits for gaseous preparations are expressed as volume per volumeprecentage.

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