Classify matter using our understandings of properties of matter, changes of matter, and atoms.

Chemistry is the study of ▪ the composition/properties of matter▪ the changes that matter undergoes

Matter: Anything that has mass and takes up space (has volume)

REMINDER: All matter has 2 types of properties 1.) Physical Properties 2.) Chemical Properties

There are two basic ways matter can change: 1.) Physically2.) Chemically

...A chemical reaction MUST TAKE PLACE.

Matter: Anything that has mass and takes up space (has volume)

Matter is made of atoms

An atom is a particle of matter that uniquely defines an element

Atoms can exist alone or combine with other atoms to form molecules

A

B(MUDDY WATER)

C(PURE GOLD)

D

E

Since matter comes in many forms and has many properties it is useful to classify matter based on its composition in order to better study it

Ultimately all matter can be classified as either a pure substance or a mixture

Pure substances: Cannot be broken down into simpler components; the smallest possible particle will have the same properties as the largest possible particle

Fixed composition and properties

Include elements and compounds

Made up of one type of atomFound on the Periodic TableExamples: aluminum, helium,

hydrogen, potassium, etc.

Two or more elements combined chemically with bonds in a fixed proportionHave chemical formulas Examples: NaCl (salt), H2O (water), etc.

Made up of a combination of compounds and/or elements that can be taken apart physically (not bonded together)

Ex. Salt water, kool-aid, salad dressing, pizza; trail mix, etc.

2 types of mixtures:HeterogeneousHomogeneous

Looks different (hetero) throughoutNot always the same proportionComponents easily distinguished

Has two or more gases, liquids, or solids mixed evenly

Looks the same (homo) throughoutAlso called solutions

1. Skim Milk

1. Vinegar

1. Mixture (Homogeneous)

1. Mixture (Homogeneous)

1. Muddy Water

1. Carbon monoxide

1. Mixture (Heterogeneous)

1. Compound

Matter: Anything that has mass and takes up space (has volume)

Matter is made of atoms

Matter can be classified as either a pure substance or a mixture

B(MUDDY WATER)

C (PURE GOLD)

A (TRAIL MIX)

E

D (WATER)