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FROMSHRUTHI BALC2054II ND BSC(AGRI)

TOJAYANTHI MAM DEPT SOIL CHM

TOPICCLASSIFICATION OF NITROGEN FERTILIZERS AND PROPERTIES

Nitrogen fertilizer may be classified into 4 groups . On the basis of the chemical form in which nitrogen is combined with other elements within a fertilizer.

NITRATE FERTILIZERS

Nitrogen is combined as NO3 or nitrate with other elements. Such fertilizers are, Sodium nitrate or chilean nitrate (NaNo3)-16%N , Calcium nitrate(Ca(No3)2)-15.5%N.

Out of these sodium nitrate is an important commercial fertilizer.

PROPERTIES:

Nitrate fertilizers are obtained both as natural product from salt deposits and as manufactured product from synthetic ammonia.

They are quality dissociated in soil solution, releasing the nitratetion for plant absorption.

There is increased danger of leaching of theese fertilizers.

Aii nitrate fertilizers are basic in their residual effect on the soils.

AMMONIUM FERTILIZERS

In theese fertilizers nitrogen is combined in ammonium (NH4) form with other elements. Such fertilizers are,

Ammonium sulphate[(NH4)2SO4]-20%NAmmonium phosphate (NH4H2PO4)-

20%N+20%P2O5Ammonium chloride(NH4cl)-24 to 26%NAmmonium sulphate , ammonium

phosphate and ammonium chloride are manufacturedin india.

PROPERTIES

Ammonia in theese fertilizers is obtained eaither by product from the destructive distillation of coal or from synthtic ammonia.

Amminium fertilizers are readily soluble in water and assuch readily available.

Ammonium fertilizers are much resistant to loss by leaching.

NITRATE AND AMMONIUM FERTILIZERS

Theese fertilizers contain nitrogen in the form of both nitrate and ammonium .Such fertilizers are,

Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3)-33 to34%NCalcium ammonium nitrate-26%NAmmonium sulphate nitrate-26%N .Out of theese calcium ammonium nitrate

and ammonium sulphate nitrate are manufactured in india.

PROPERTIES

Nitrogenousfertilizers containing nitrogen in both the ammoniacal and nitrate forms.

Fertilizers of this group are readily soluble in water and suitable to use under a wide variety of soils and cropping conditions.

Nitrate and ammoniacal fertilizers are acidic in theeir residual effect on the soils.

AMIDE FERTILIZERS

Theese fertilizers containe nitrogen in amide form .Such fertilizers are,

Urea [CO(NH2)2]-46%NCalcium cynamide (CaNCN)-21% N

PROPERTIES

The amide form of nitrogen for fertilizer use is available in urea and calcium cyanide.

Theese fertilizers are readily soluble in water and easily decomposed by micro-organisms in the soil.

In the soil , they are quickly changed into ammoniacal nitrogen and then to nitrate form.