CORPORATE STANDARD

AA0622101

Rev. No. 03

PAGE 1 of 12

Revisions: Clause 3.2.b, Table-2, Table-5

Leg lengths

APPROVED:

INTERPLANT MATERIAL RATIONALISATION

COMMITTEE – MRC (W)

Rev. No. 03 Amd. No. Reaffirmed Prepared

HEP, Bhopal

Issued

Corp. R&D

Dt. of 1st Issue

16-01-1978 Dt: 20-04-2019 Dt: Year:

CO

PY

RIG

HT

AN

D C

ON

FID

EN

TIA

L

Th

e I

nfo

rmati

on

on

th

is d

ocu

men

t is

th

e p

rop

ert

y o

f B

HA

RA

T H

EA

VY

EL

EC

TR

ICA

LS

LIM

ITE

D.

It m

ust

not

be u

sed

dir

ect

ly o

r in

dir

ect

ly i

n a

ny w

ay d

etr

imen

tal

to t

he I

nte

rest

of

the c

om

pan

y.

CLASSIFICATION OF WELDS, THEIR INSPECTION,

TESTING AND ACCEPTANCE

1.0 SCOPE

This standard defines four grades of welds in steels viz. grade-I, grade-II, grade-III and

grade-IV that are carried out in BHEL. It also covers the inspection requirements, testing

and acceptance standards for these grades of welds to ensure that quality welds are

produced.

Welds occurring on products manufactured to any particular code of practice by

contractual or statutory obligations shall follow welding, inspection, testing acceptance

etc. as per the relevant codes.

The grade of welds shall be chosen and specified in the drawings based on considerations

of weld joint efficiency and the type of joints.

2.0 CLASSIFICATION

GRADE-I

Grade-I shall apply to full penetration butt welds, full throat welds and corner welds for

following applications.

a) Welds subjected to stresses more than 60% of yield point of the welded metal at

working temperature.

OR

b) Structures subjected to highly dynamic or severe alternating stresses.

OR

c) Structures operating above 250°C or below 0°C

Grade-II

Grade-II shall apply to full penetration or partial penetration butt welds for following

applications

a) Welds subjected to stresses between 40 to 60% of yield point of the welded metal at

working temperature

OR

b) Structures subjected to dynamic or alternating stresses of medium intensity or severe

static stresses.

OR

c) Structures operating above 150° C to 250° C

AA0622101

CORPORATE STANDARD

Rev. No. 03

PAGE 2 of 12

Grade-II partial penetration welds are not desirable and shall only be used where stress

concentration at the root of welds is not of in significance.

GRADE-III

Grade-III shall apply to full penetration or partial penetration butt welds and fillet welds

for following applications

a) Welds subjected to stresses below 40% of yield point of the welded metal at working

temperature.

OR

b) Structures subjected to light to medium static stresses and no dynamic loading is

involved.

OR

c) Weld seams which are not possible to be checked for leaks by conventional methods of

testing such as hydraulic testing etc.

Grade-IV

Grade-IV shall be specified for all general production welding of lightly stressed nature

and for weld seams which can be checked by hydraulic testing for leaks.

Qualified welding procedure and welders shall be used for all grades of welds.

For the purpose of classification of welds a compound weld i.e. a combination of butt and

fillet welds, shall be considered as butt weld.

Type of joints not covered in the standard shall be decided by the designer in consultation

with welding technologist.

3.0 INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS

Table-1 indicates the inspection requirements during various stages of welding for each

grade of weld.

CORPORATE STANDARD

AA0622101

Rev. No. 03

PAGE 3 of 12

Ta

ble

-1 I

nsp

ecti

on

Req

uir

em

en

ts d

urin

g v

ario

us s

tag

es o

f w

eld

ing

Gra

de

-IV

All

types

of

genera

l

pro

duction

we

lds.

Ca

n b

e

used

for

part

ial,

full

pene

tration

fille

t or

butt

weld

s,

we

lded

form

both

the s

ides o

r o

ne s

ide.

0.5

5

(a)

We

ld

pre

para

tion

sh

all

be m

ade b

y f

lam

e c

utt

ing o

r

grind

ing

(b)

Vis

ua

l exam

ina

tio

n

of

weld

pre

para

tion a

nd

fit u

p.

Gra

de

-III

Full

pene

tration o

r p

art

ial

pene

tration b

utt w

eld

s or

fille

t w

eld

s,

we

lded

fro

m

both

th

e

sid

es

or

on

e

sid

e.

0.7

0

(a)

We

ld

pre

para

tion

sh

all

be

made

by

flam

e

cu

ttin

g

and g

rin

din

g.

(b)

Vis

ua

l exam

ina

tio

n

of

weld

pre

para

tion and

fo

r fit

up.

Gra

de

-II

Str

ess

relie

ved

full

pene

tration

or

part

ial

pene

tration

butt

join

ts

weld

ed f

rom

both

sid

es o

r

one s

ide.

0.8

5

(a)

We

ld

pre

para

tion

sh

all

be

made

by

flam

e

cu

ttin

g

and g

rin

din

g.

(b)

Vis

ua

l exam

ina

tio

n

of

weld

pre

para

tion and

fo

r fit

up.

Gra

de

-I

Str

ess r

elie

ved f

ull

pen

etr

ation

butt

join

ts w

eld

ed f

rom

both

the

sid

es o

r

one s

ide.

1.0

0

(a)

Weld

pre

para

tion s

hall

be m

ade b

y

machin

ing/

fla

me

cutt

ing

as c

alle

d f

or

in d

rg.

Th

e f

lam

e c

ut

pre

pa

ration

sha

ll

be

gro

un

d

to

ab

out

1.5

m

m

to

get

bright

sm

oo

th f

ace.

(b)

Vis

ual

exa

min

ation

of

we

ld

pre

para

tio

n,

sup

ple

me

nte

d b

y r

ando

m

dye

pen

etr

ants

te

stin

g

and

vis

ual

exam

ination

fo

r fit

up.

In

case

of

Ste

am

Turb

ine C

ylin

ders

& C

hest

etc

.

100 m

m w

idth

to b

e r

adio

gra

ph

ed a

s

specifie

d in r

ele

van

t dra

win

g.

(c)

Exam

ine

ultra

son

ically

fo

r

lam

ination a

nd h

arm

ful

seg

regation i

n

an a

rea 7

5 m

m d

eep a

lon

g t

he e

dge

pre

para

tio

n,

if

the

vis

ual

or

dye

pene

trant

insp

ectio

n r

evea

ls d

efe

ct

Re

qu

ire

me

nt

3.1

.1 Type o

f jo

int

3.1

.2

We

ld join

t E

ffic

iency

(App

licab

le f

or

full

Pen

etr

ation b

utt

We

lds o

nly

)

3.1

.3

Edg

e p

repara

tion

befo

re w

eld

ing

AA0622101

CORPORATE STANDARD

Rev. No. 03

PAGE 4 of 12

Gra

de

-IV

(a)

Back c

hip

pin

g n

ot

require

d.

(a)

We

ld s

ha

ll be

subje

cte

d to

vis

ua

l

exam

ination

, on

ly

zones o

f dou

bt m

ay

be s

ub

jecte

d to d

ye

pene

trant/

mag

netic

part

icle

testing

.

Gra

de

-III

(a)

Back c

hip

pin

g s

ha

ll be d

one

only

in t

he c

ase o

f fu

ll

pene

tration w

eld

s.

(b)

100%

vis

ual exam

inatio

n

shall

be c

arr

ied o

ut (m

ag

nifyin

g

gla

sses m

ay b

e u

sed).

If

consid

ere

d n

ecessary

will

be

exam

ined

by d

ye

pene

trant/

mag

netic p

art

icle

s

test.

(a)

100%

vis

ual exam

inatio

n

shall

be c

arr

ied o

ut

in t

he

vic

inity o

f w

eld

s f

or

arc

str

ikes,

underc

uts

, cle

ats

, ta

cks &

goug

es &

sh

all

be g

round a

nd

ble

nde

d. T

he e

ntire

butt w

eld

are

a s

ha

ll be d

ye

pene

trant/

mag

netic p

art

icle

s

teste

d.

(b)

Ultra

son

ic o

r ra

dio

gra

ph

ic

testin

g is n

ot re

quire

d u

nle

ss

specifie

d b

y c

usto

mer/

pro

duct

needs.

Gra

de

-II

(a)

Back c

hip

pin

g s

ha

ll be d

one

only

in t

he c

ase o

f fu

ll pe

ne

tratio

n

weld

s.

(b)

100%

vis

ual exam

inatio

n s

hall

be c

arr

ied o

ut (m

ag

nifyin

g g

lasses

can b

e u

sed)

and s

upple

mente

d b

y

rando

m d

ye p

en

etr

ant

test/m

agnetic p

art

icle

s t

est.

(a)

100%

vis

ual exam

inatio

n s

hall

be c

arr

ied o

ut in

th

e v

icin

ity o

f

weld

s f

or

arc

str

ikes, un

derc

uts

,

cle

ats

, ta

cks &

gou

ges &

shall

be

gro

un

d a

nd b

len

ded

. T

he

entire

butt w

eld

are

a &

hea

t aff

ecte

d z

on

e

shall

be d

ye p

enetr

ant/

mag

netic

part

icle

s teste

d.

(b)

10%

of

we

ld len

gth

sh

all

be

exam

ined

by r

ad

iogra

ph

ic/

ultra

son

ic tests

depe

nd

ing o

n th

e

pro

duct

& c

usto

mer

req

uire

ment.

We

ld t

o b

e r

ad

iogra

phe

d n

eed n

ot

be g

round

or

oth

erw

ise

sm

ooth

ene

d for

the p

urp

ose o

f

radio

gra

ph

ic test

un

less its

surf

ace

irre

gu

larities o

r ju

nctio

n w

ith the

base m

eta

l cou

ld c

ause

obje

ctio

nab

le w

eld

defe

cts

to b

e

observ

ed in t

he r

ad

iogra

ph

s.

Gra

de

-I

(a)

Back c

hip

pin

g s

ha

ll be d

one

.

(b)

100%

vis

ual exam

inatio

n s

hall

be

carr

ied o

ut (m

agn

ifyin

g g

lasses c

an

be u

se

d)

an

d s

upp

lem

en

ted b

y

rando

m d

ye p

en

etr

ant

test/

magn

etic

part

icle

s test.

(a)

100%

vis

ual exam

inatio

n s

hall

be

carr

ied o

ut in

th

e v

icin

ity o

f w

eld

s f

or

the s

trik

ers

, u

nderc

uts

, cle

ats

, ta

cks &

ble

nde

d. T

he e

ntire

butt w

eld

are

a &

heat

affecte

d z

on

e s

ha

ll be d

ye

pene

trant/

mag

netic p

art

icle

s teste

d.

(b)

25 to

10

0%

of

we

ld len

gth

sha

ll be

exam

ined

by r

ad

iogra

ph

ic/u

ltra

son

ic

tests

dep

end

ing

up

on t

he p

roduct an

d

custo

mer

req

uire

men

t. E

xte

nt o

f

perc

enta

ge o

f te

sting

shall

be

specifie

d o

n th

e d

raw

ing b

y the

desig

ner.

We

ld t

o b

e r

ad

iogra

phe

d n

eed n

ot

be

gro

un

d o

r oth

erw

ise s

mo

oth

ene

d for

the p

urp

ose o

f ra

dio

gra

ph

ic test

unle

ss its

surf

ace irr

egu

larities o

r

junction w

ith b

ase

me

tal w

ould

inte

rfere

with t

he inte

rpre

tation o

f w

eld

defe

cts

observ

ed in th

e r

ad

iogra

phs.

Re

qu

ire

me

nt

3.1

.4

Back c

hip

pin

g o

f

run in

jo

ints

weld

ed fro

m b

oth

sid

es

3.2

On c

om

ple

tion

of

butt w

eld

s

CORPORATE STANDARD

AA0622101

Rev. No. 03

PAGE 5 of 12

G

ra

de

-IV

Note

: U

ltra

so

nic

test or

Ra

dio

gra

ph

ic test sh

all

be

carr

ied o

ut

befo

re h

eat tr

eatm

ent. F

or

item

s s

ubje

ct

to c

ritical serv

ice c

on

ditio

ns s

pecifie

d b

y th

e

desig

ners

, u

ltra

son

ic/r

adio

gra

phic

tests

may b

e r

ep

eate

d a

fter

he

at tr

eatm

ent.

We

ld s

hall

be s

ub

jecte

d t

o

vis

ual

exa

min

ation

and

only

zones

of

doubt

may

be

sub

jecte

d

to

dye

pene

trant/

mag

netic p

art

icle

testin

g.

Gra

de

-III

(c)

Weld

surf

ace s

ha

ll be

gro

un

d s

moo

th w

hen t

este

d

by u

ltra

so

nic

means a

nd

sharp

rip

ple

s o

n w

eld

surf

aces

to b

e r

em

ove

d b

y g

rind

ing o

r

chip

pin

g.

Qualit

y o

f w

eld

sha

ll be

assessed o

n t

he

basis

of;

(a)

Fit u

p o

f th

e jo

int

(b)

Vis

ual

appea

rance

of

the

finis

hed

wel

d

(c)

Dye p

en

etr

an

t/m

agne

tic

part

icle

s insp

ectio

n o

f

the c

om

ple

te le

ngth

of

weld

shall

be c

arr

ied

out o

nly

in c

ase o

f

doub

t.

(d)

Air t

estin

g s

ha

ll be

carr

ied o

ut if

consid

ere

d n

ecessary

.

Gra

de

-II

(c)

Weld

surf

ace s

ha

ll be

sm

ooth

whe

n teste

d b

y

ultra

son

ic m

eans a

nd s

harp

ripple

s o

n w

eld

surf

ace

to b

e

rem

oved b

y g

rindin

g o

r

chip

pin

g.

Not a

pplic

ab

le,

as fill

et w

eld

s

are

not

to b

e u

se

d f

or

gra

de

-

II w

eld

s.

Gra

de

-I

(c)

Weld

surf

ace s

ha

ll be g

round

sm

ooth

whe

n teste

d b

y u

ltra

sonic

means. O

n e

ither

sid

e w

here

the

pro

be h

as to t

ravers

e, th

e s

earc

h

surf

ace s

hou

ld b

e fre

e o

f w

eld

spatter,

dirt a

nd loose

scale

so a

s to

perm

it intim

ate

conta

ct w

ith

the

surf

ace.

Not a

pplic

ab

le,

as fill

et w

eld

s a

re n

ot

to b

e u

sed f

or

gra

de

-I w

eld

s.

Re

qu

ire

me

nt

As

above

3.3

On

com

ple

tion

of

fill

et

weld

s

AA0622101

CORPORATE STANDARD

Rev. No. 03

PAGE 6 of 12

JOINT EFFICIENCY

a) The joint efficiency will be less by 5% of the specified joint efficiency, if the joint is

welded from one side only.

b) The joint efficiency for un-stress relieved fabrication of grade-I and grade-II will be 5%

less than the specified joint efficiency. For the other grades joint efficiency is given on

the basis of joints without stress relieving.

ULTRASONIC/RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION-EVALUATION AND RETESTS

a) In case the above examination reveals that the examined length of the weld is

acceptable as per the standard, the entire representative length of the weld shall be

considered acceptable.

b) In case this examination reveals that the examined weld is un-acceptable as per this

standard the quantum of length of weld inspected adjacent to the defective region

shall be doubled for radiographic/ultrasonic test. If the additional examination also

shows that the weld is unacceptable the 100% radiographic/ultrasonic examination of

all welds must follow, for acceptance or rejection.

c) If on examination of double the length it is found acceptable then the defective portion

noticed earlier shall be rectified and retested for ultrasonic/ radiographic examination.

Welded joints will be subjected to hydraulic or other leak tests called for on the drawing.

Hydraulic tests if called for shall be carried out after stress relieving (if stress relieving is

required).

4.0 ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS

Unacceptable defects in any grade of weld are detailed below and are dependent upon

whether the joint being welded is a full penetration butt weld, partial penetration butt

weld or a fillet weld. If these defects are not present then the welds are considered

acceptable.

UNACCEPTABLE DEFECTS

Table 2, 3, 4, 5 below give unacceptable defects for grade-I, grade-II, grade-III & grade-IV

welds respectively.

CORPORATE STANDARD

AA0622101

Rev. No. 03

PAGE 7 of 12

T

AB

LE

-2 U

NA

CC

EP

TA

BL

E D

EF

EC

TS

FO

R G

RA

DE

-I W

EL

DS

FIL

LE

T W

EL

DS

Not a

pplic

ab

le

Not a

pplic

ab

le

BU

TT

WE

LD

S

Part

ial

Pen

etr

ati

on

Not a

pplic

ab

le

Not a

pplic

ab

le

Fu

ll P

en

etr

ati

on

Unaccepta

ble

U

naccepta

ble

Unaccepta

ble

(a)

If t

he i

nd

ivid

ua

l sla

g l

ine

is g

reate

r th

an ⅓

T f

or

T u

pto

56m

m. 1

9m

m for

T a

bove 5

6m

m.

OR

(b)

If t

he

wid

th o

f th

e i

nd

ivid

ual

sla

g l

ine i

s g

rea

ter

than 1

.6

mm

for

weld

th

ickness u

pto

19m

m.

2.4

mm

for

weld

th

ickness f

rom

19

mm

to 5

6 m

m.

3.2

mm

for

weld

th

ickness a

bove 5

6 m

m.

Any

gro

up

of

sla

g

inclu

sio

ns in

a

line

w

ith

an

ag

gre

gate

len

gth

gre

ate

r th

an

T

in

a

length

sh

ort

er

than

12T

is

unaccepta

ble

, except

wh

en

the

dis

tance

betw

ee

n

the

successiv

e im

perf

ectio

ns e

xceeds 6

L w

here

L is t

he le

ngth

of

the lon

gest im

perf

ectio

n in

the g

roup.

Poro

sity in

excess o

f th

at

show

n i

n t

he A

SM

E S

ec V

III

Div

-1

appe

nd

ix 8

is a

ccepta

ble

. T

he r

ad

ial

(thro

ugh w

all)

natu

re o

f

worm

hole

s a

s t

o b

e c

onsid

ere

d i

n s

trin

gent

leve

l co

mpare

d

to p

oro

sity.

We

ld

bea

d

sha

ll sm

ooth

ly

matc

h

the

base

meta

l.

No

underc

ut

is a

ccepta

ble

.

Natu

re o

f d

efe

ct

Cra

ck

Lack o

f fu

sio

n

Lack o

f P

ene

tration

Gro

up o

f sla

g inclu

sio

n

Poro

sity

Surf

ace d

efe

cts

AA0622101

CORPORATE STANDARD

Rev. No. 03

PAGE 8 of 12

POROSITY FOR GRADE-I WELDS OF STEAM TURBINE COMPONENTS ONLY

In case of grade-I welds of Steam Turbine components e.g. H.P & I.P. Cross under pipe

welds and any other primary H.P or I.P. Steam Pipe welds, the porosity shall be adjudged

as given below

a) The total area of porosity which when projected radially through the weld shall not

exceed 0.025 cm²/cm thickness of the weld in any square cm. of projected weld area (or

shall not exceed 0.01 sq. inch per inch thickness of the weld, in any sq. inch of

projected weld area). If it exceeds the weld is not acceptable.

b) Any single pore or gas hole having a diameter greater than those below shall be

unacceptable

1.6 mm for weld thickness upto and including 12 mm.

2.4 mm for weld thickness over 12 mm upto and including 25 mm.

4 mm for weld thickness over 25 mm upto and including 50mm.

4.3 mm for weld thickness over 50 mm upto and including 75 mm.

5.6 mm for weld thickness above 75 mm.

c) Aligned porosity shall be acceptable provided the summation of the diameters of the

pores is not more than T in a length of 12T and each pore is separated by a distance

atleast 6 times the diameter of the largest adjacent pore.

Surface defects: Welds with significant undercuts or overlaps which form a notch at the

toes of the welds or abrupt ridges or valleys or excessive weld reinforcements are not

acceptable.

Note: 'T' is the thickness of thinner plate being welded in mm.

CORPORATE STANDARD

AA0622101

Rev. No. 03

PAGE 9 of 12

T

AB

LE

-3 U

NA

CC

EP

TA

BL

E D

EF

EC

TS

FO

R G

RA

DE

-II

WE

LD

S

FIL

LE

T W

EL

DS

Not a

pplic

ab

le

BU

TT

WE

LD

S

Part

ial

Pen

etr

ati

on

Unaccepta

ble

Unaccepta

ble

Unaccepta

ble

if

the

in

div

idu

al sla

g lin

e is lo

nger

than ⅔

T.

The m

axim

um

le

ngth

of

accepta

ble

im

perf

ectio

ns s

hall

be 1

9 m

m.

Any i

mp

erf

ectio

n s

hort

er

than

6 m

m

shall

be a

ccepta

ble

for

any p

late

th

ickness.

Any g

rou

p o

f sla

g i

nclu

sio

n i

n l

ine w

ith a

n a

ggre

gate

len

gth

gre

ate

r th

an T

, in

a

len

gth

of

6 T

(or

pro

port

ion

ate

ly f

or

we

ld l

en

gth

short

er

than 6

T)

is u

naccepta

ble

when t

he d

ista

nce b

etw

ee

n t

he s

uccessiv

e i

mp

erf

ection

s e

xceeds 3

L,

where

‘L

’

is the le

ngth

of

lon

gest

imp

erf

ectio

n in th

e g

roup.

Excessiv

e poro

sity is

u

na

ccepta

ble

. It sh

all

be assessed as per

poro

sity cha

rt

giv

en in A

SM

E S

ec V

III D

iv-1

Ap

pen

dix

8.

The

underc

ut

sha

ll n

ot

exceed

0.5

m

m

for

the

th

ickness

of

pla

te

upto

an

d

inclu

din

g 2

0 m

m a

nd 0

.8 m

m b

eyond

20

mm

. T

he left

out

thic

kness a

fter

und

erc

ut

shall

not

be h

ow

ever

less t

han t

he m

inim

um

re

qu

ired t

hic

kness.

Fu

ll P

en

etr

ati

on

Unaccepta

ble

Unaccepta

ble

Natu

re o

f d

efe

ct

Cra

ck

Lack o

f fu

sio

n

Indiv

idu

al sla

g lin

e

Gro

up o

f sla

g inclu

sio

n

Poro

sity

Surf

ace d

efe

cts

AA0622101

CORPORATE STANDARD

Rev. No. 03

PAGE 10 of 12

TA

BL

E-4

UN

AC

CE

PT

AB

LE

DE

FE

CT

S F

OR

GR

AD

E-I

II W

EL

DS

FIL

LE

T W

EL

DS

Unaccepta

ble

Unaccepta

ble

Unaccepta

ble

Unaccepta

ble

In c

ase o

f fille

t w

eld

the v

ariation i

n

leg l

ength

s s

hall

not

exce

ed 3

mm

pro

vid

ed t

he s

hort

er

length

confo

rm

to r

equ

ired

min

. le

g le

ngth

s.

Rein

forc

em

ent: R

ein

forc

em

ent b

elo

w 1

.5 m

m &

beyo

nd 3

mm

is n

ot

accepta

ble

BU

TT

WE

LD

S

Part

ial

Pen

etr

ati

on

Unaccepta

ble

Unaccepta

ble

Unaccepta

ble

Unaccepta

ble

if

the indiv

idual sla

g lin

e is long

er

tha

n T

. T

he m

axim

um

le

ngth

of

accepta

ble

im

perf

ection s

hall

be 2

5 m

m.

Any i

mpe

rfection s

hort

er

than 6

mm

sha

ll be a

ccepta

ble

for

any p

late

thic

kness.

Any g

roup o

f sla

g inclu

sio

n in lin

e w

ith

an

ag

gre

ga

te length

gre

ate

r th

an T

, in

a

length

4

T

(or

pro

port

ion

ate

ly

for

weld

le

ngth

short

er

than

4

T)

is

unaccepta

ble

except

when

the

d

ista

nce

betw

een

the

successiv

e

imp

erf

ections e

xcee

ds 3

L w

here

‘L

’ is

th

e l

ength

of

lon

gest

imperf

ectio

n i

n

the g

roup.

Excessiv

e p

oro

sity is u

naccepta

ble

We

ld w

ith p

ronou

nced u

nd

erc

uts

, overlaps o

r a

bru

pt

ridges o

r valle

ys a

re n

ot

accepta

ble

Not a

pp

licab

le

Fu

ll P

en

etr

ati

on

Unaccepta

ble

Unaccepta

ble

Unaccepta

ble

Not a

pp

licab

le

Natu

re o

f d

efe

ct

Cra

ck

Lack o

f fu

sio

n

Lack o

f p

enetr

ation

Sla

g inclu

sio

n

Gro

up o

f sla

g inclu

sio

n

Poro

sity

Surf

ace d

efe

cts

Leg len

gth

s

CORPORATE STANDARD

AA0622101

Rev. No. 03

PAGE 11 of 12

T

AB

LE

-5 U

NA

CC

EP

TA

BL

E D

EF

EC

TS

FO

R G

RA

DE

-IV

WE

LD

S

FIL

LE

T W

EL

DS

Rein

forc

em

en

t: R

ein

forc

em

en

t b

elo

w 1

.5 m

m &

beyo

nd 3

mm

is n

ot a

cce

pta

ble

BU

TT

WE

LD

S

Part

ial

Pen

etr

ati

on

Any c

rack v

isib

le o

n the

surf

ace w

ill n

ot

be a

ccepta

ble

Not a

pplic

ab

le

Not a

pplic

ab

le

Not a

pplic

ab

le

Not a

pplic

ab

le

Excessiv

e p

oro

sity e

xpose

d to s

urf

ace

is n

ot accep

tab

le

We

lds w

ith e

xcessiv

e a

mo

unt o

f pro

nou

nced u

nderc

uts

, abru

pt ri

dg

es

or

valle

ys a

nd s

patters

sha

ll no

t be

accepta

ble

Not a

pp

licab

le

Fu

ll P

en

etr

ati

on

Not a

pp

licab

le

Natu

re o

f d

efe

ct

Cra

ck

Lack o

f fu

sio

n

Lack o

f p

enetr

ation

Sla

g inclu

sio

n

Gro

ups o

f sla

g inclu

sio

n

Poro

sity

Surf

ace d

efe

cts

Leg len

gth

s

AA0622101

CORPORATE STANDARD

Rev. No. 03

PAGE 12 of 12

PERMISSIBLE DEFECTS IN PARTIAL PENETRATION AND FILLET WELDS

Permissible defects in Grade-II/III partial penetration Butt Welds

Defects not exceeding those permitted i.e. Table-3 for Grade-II and Table-4 for Grade-III

partial penetration butt welds and defects at the root of a weld in an area that shall not

extend further than 3 mm from the bottom of penetration, when examined by non-

destructive means.

Permissible defects in GRADE-III Fillet Welds

Defects not exceeding those permitted in Table-4 for grade-III fillet welds and defects at

the root of the weld not exceeding further than 1.5 mm from the junction of the plates

when examined by non-destructive testing means.

5.0 Referred Standards

1) ASME Sec VIII Div-1