Classification

One Big Mess!

Three domains, 5 (or 6) Kingdoms

• Let’s make a big chart.

• Cell type? Chromosomes? Ribosomes?

• Cell wall or not? Made of what?

• Unicellular or multicellular?

• Autotroph or heterotroph?

• Muscles and nerves?

• Let’s practice…

SC.912.L.15.6: Discuss distinguishingcharacteristics of the domains and kingdoms of living organisms.SC.912.L.15.4: Describe how and why organisms are hierarchically classified and based on evolutionary relationshipsSC.912.L.15.5: Explain the reason for changes in how organisms are classified.

Levels number Scale standards

4 -Compare and contrast the characteristics and examples of the three domains

-Apply the characteristics to an unknown organisms, to categorize into a Domain and Kingdom

-Design/Invent a classification system based on real or imaginary organisms

3* -Discuss distinguishing characteristics of the domains and kingdoms of living organisms

-Explain the reasons for changes in how organisms are classified

-Describe how and why organisms are hierarchically classified and based on evolutionary relationships

2 -Identify the domain based on a list of distinguishing characteristics

-Identify the kingdom based on a list of distinguishing characteristics

1 -Define: Domain, Kingdom, Organism, Taxonomy, Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya,

-List the domains and kingdoms

Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Fungus Plant Animal

Cell Type prokaryotic prokaryotic eukaryotic eukaryotic eukaryotic eukaryotic

Number of Cells unicellular unicellular most unicellular most multicellular multicellular multicellular

Level of Organization cell cell most cell most tissue systems systems

Cell Wall peptidoglycancontains uncommon

lipidspectin or none

(green algae: cellulose)chitin cellulose none

Mode of Nutrition auto/heterotroph auto/heterotroph auto/heterotroph heterotroph (absorption) autotroph heterotroph

Reproduction asexual asexual sexual/asexual sexual/asexual sexual/asexual sexual/asexual

Motility some motile nonmotile motile/nonmotile most nonmotile nonmotile motile

Symbiotic Relationshipfix nitrogen

many pathogenicaid in human digestion

aid in digestion

many pathogenic (malaria, African sleeping sickness, amoebic

dysentery)cellulose digestion

many pathogenic (athlete’s foot, yeast infection,

ringworm)lichen

epiphytemycorrhizae mistletoe

parasitic worms, barnacles, clownfish

Ecological Importancefix nitrogen

decomposersdecomposers

algae major aquatic oxygen & food producers

algal bloomdecomposers

major oxygen & food source (photosynthesis -

trophic level 1)

human impact on environment

Othergave rise to eukaryote

organelles

can live in extreme conditions

ancestors of eukaryotestoothpaste teeth whiteners

fermented food productsfood sourceantibiotics

can’t live without ‘emmedicine source

invertebratesvertebrates

ExamplesEscherichia coliStreptococcus

methanobacteria algae, diatoms, amoebas, lichen, yeast, mushroomstrees

flowersgrass

sponges

mammals

.

Domains are the largest groups in the modern classification system. Which domain includes organisms that have a nucleus, a cell

membrane, and mitochondria?

A. Archaea

B. Eukarya

C. Prokarya

D. Animalia

Which group of organisms includes all of the following: species that are capable of photosynthesis, species that are consumer, and

species that are unicellular?

A. Protista

B. Plantae

C. Fungi

D. Animalia

Which of the following is found in all prokaryotes and fungi?

A. A cell wall

B. A nucleus

C. Chloroplasts

D. Mitochondria 0p

Which of the following characteristics is most useful when classifying a eukaryote into a kingdom?

A. How the organism feeds

B. How the organism moves

C. The organism’s color and mass

D. The organism’s form and structure

Some characteristics of a recently discovered organism are listed in the table below. Based on the given characteristics, into what kingdom would the organism be classified in? A. EubacteriaB. FungiC. PlantaeD. Protista

Prokaryotes are structurally simple organisms that have existed for over two billion years. Which of the following are prokaryotes?

A. Bacteria

B. Protists

C. Plants

D. Fungi

Which of the following characteristics is most useful when classifying a eukaryote into a kingdom?

A. How the organism feeds

B. How the organisms moves

C. The organism’s color and mass

D. The organism’s form and structure

Organisms are classified into kingdoms, which include Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. What characteristic do all organisms in these

4 kingdoms have in common?

A. They are eukaryotic

B. They are multicellular

C. They are capable of digestion

D. They are capable of locomotion

Which kingdoms contain organisms that have cell walls with

peptidoglycan?

• A. euBacteria

• B. euBacteria and Archaebacteria

• C. fungi

• D. fungi and protista

Within which domain/kingdom are mostly unicellular with some

multicellular cells found?

• A. Eukarya – fungi

• B. Eukarya – eubacteria

• C. Eukarya- Protista

• D. archaea – archaebacteria

Which kingdom contains only living things that are autotrophic or

heterotrophic?

• A. Protista

• B. Fungi

• C. Plants

• D. animalia

Which of the following organisms is eukaryotic, multicellular, and autotrophic?