classification viruses, bacteria, protista, fung
TRANSCRIPT
A. VIRUSES
• Viruses are simple structures made of protein and nucleic acids.
• They are difficult to classify as living or non living. Why?
• Name some diseases caused by viruses.– (See chart on page 489)
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Head
Capsid(protein sheath)
DNA
Whiskers
Tail
Tail fiber
Neck
Baseplate
.05 m
C. VIRUS: Bacteriophage
• What type of cell do bacteriophages infect?
• Bacteriophages are used in biotechnology for _______
E. BACTERIA• Bacteria are living organisms.
• They are made of cells.
• They have their own kingdom, Bacteria
• List 5 diseases caused by bacteria.– See page 486
• List 5 benefits of bacteria to humans
• Decomposition, nitrogen fixation, photosynthesis, make pharmaceuticals, make vitamins in intestines and aid digestion.
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CytoplasmPlasmamembrane
Cell wall
DNA
Flagellum
RibosomesCapsule
Pili
G. BACTERIA
• Describe the 3 shapes of bacteria
• Bacilli, Cocci, Spirilla
• Bacteria can reproduce by binary fission and conjugation. Compare these methods. See page 475.
• When and why do bacteria produce spores?
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Anterior contractile vacuole
Micronucleus
Macronucleus
Pellicle
Posteriorcontractilevacuole
Foodvacuole
Gullet
Cilia
Cytoproct
I. PROTISTA
• List 3 types of protist movement and give an example for each.– Crawling with pseudopodia, ex: Amoeba– Swimming with flagella, ex: Euglena– Swimming with cilia, ex: Paramecium
• Which types of protists did you see?
J. PROTISTA
• Protists can reproduce asexually by mitosis and cytokinesis, by conjugation, or sexually with gametes.
• Malaria is caused by a protist called Plasmodium falciparum. This protist requires both a mosquito and a human to complete its life cycle.
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Mosquito injectssporozoites
Gametocytesingested bymosquito
Oocysts
Sporozoites form withinmosquito
Gametocytes
Sporozoites
Stagesin liver
Merozoites
Stages inred blood
cells
Zygote
6
1
2
3
45
Certainmerozoites develop intogametocytes
Protists like these diatoms can be quite lovely.
Do you like ice cream? I do.
Many ice creams are thickened by brown algae, another protist. Yumm.
K. FUNGI• How many types of fungi can you think of?• How can fungi be beneficial?• They can decompose, bread yeast makes bread rise,
alcohol fermentation makes alcohol.• What diseases do you know of that are caused by
fungi?• Yeast infections, Athlete’s foot, ringworm (not
really a worm), Corn smut infects corn.
Cordyceps-see page 539- “Eww!”