Md. Abdul Kader Lecturer

Department of EnglishCambrian College

Mobile: +8801715447430Email : has83abdulkader@gmail.com

Welcome to all of youEnglish Grammar

Class: XI-XII

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LESSON: TIME CLAUSE

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Learning Outcome• say what the past & future time clause

are.• say the tense form of the verb of main

clause used with time clause.• say the tense form of verb in the past

and future time clause.• avoid using “will or will be going to”

in the future time clause.• mention the clause order of the time

clause.

By the end of

the lesson

you will be

able to …

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TIME CLAUSEThere are two kinds of time clause:

They are-

PAST TIME CLAUSE

FUTURE TIME CLAUSE

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PAST ACTIONWhen I came home, he was working. OrHe was working when I came home. (no comma)

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PAST ACTIONWhen I went to zoo, I saw elephants. Or, I saw elephants when I went to zoo.

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PAST ACTIONBefore I went to bed, I finished my homework. Or, I finished my homework before I went to bed.

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PAST ACTIONWhile I was having a shower, the phone rang.Or, The phone rang while I was having a shower.

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PAST TIME CLAUSEClauses that refer to past time are formed with the verb in the PAST tense:More examples:When I finished my lunch, we played golf.After we played golf, we went to a party.As soon as we arrived at the party, they put the steaks on.While they were having dinner, the baby woke up.

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Don’t be surprise!When the phone rang, I answered it.

In a sentence with a time clause introduced by when, both the time clause verb and the main verb can be simple past. In this case, the action in the “when clause” happened first. In the example: First: the phone rang. Then: I answered it.

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Form

Francois went to the movies after he ate dinner.

A complex sentence about past time has two clauses: a main clause and a past time clause.

Main ClauseMain Clause Time ClauseTime Clause

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Main Clause

PAST TIME CLAUSE

MAIN CLAUSE

when it got dark

while she was taking a shower

after the movie ended

travelThey

rang The door bell

homewentWe

Other information

Verb (Past simple form)

Subject

The verb in the main clause is always past simple with the past time clause.

To sleep

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Past Time Clause

PAST TIME CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

, the fireworks show started.

, the baby woke up

,they drove to San Diego

Were having theywhen

dinnerWere having theywhile

A carrentedtheyAfter

Other information

Verb( present)

SubjectTime word

The verb of past time clause most often is past simple but it can be past progressive as well.

dinner

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FUTURE DREAM

I’m going to be an astronaut when I grow up.

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Before we have a baby, we’ll buy a bigger house.

FUTURE DREAM

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FUTURE DREAM

I won’t quit my job until I win the lottery.

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FUTURE DREAM

After we retire, we’re going to travel.

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FUTURE TIME CLAUSEClauses that refer to future time are formed with the verb in the PRESSENT tense because Future tense is not used in Time Clause:More Examples:▪ As soon as we arrive at the party, they will put the steaks on.▪ Before we eat our steaks, we will sit around and talk.▪ Until the party ends, there will be plenty of good wine.I will return your book on Monday when I have read it.Mr. Akram will telephone you as soon as he returns.

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Form

I’m going to be an astronaut when I grow up.

A complex sentence about future time has two clauses: a main clause and a time clause.

Main ClauseMain Clause Time ClauseTime Clause

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Main Clause

will

TIME CLAUSE

MAIN CLAUSE

after we retire.

until he wins the lottery.

before we have a baby.

travelare going toWe

his jobquit won’tHe

a housebuyWe

Other information

Verb (base form)

Will or be + going to

Subject

The verb in the main clause is often in the future.

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Future Time Clause

FUTURE TIME CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

we are going to travel.

he won’t quit his job.

we will buy a house.

retireweAfter

the lotterywins heUntil

a babyhaveweBefore

Other information

Verb( present)

SubjectTime word

The verb in the time clause is often in the present.

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Be Careful!Don’t use will or will be going to in the future time clause.

When I save enough money, I’m going to buy a car.When I save enough money, I’m going to buy a car.willX

When I save enough money, I’m going to buy a car.When I save enough money, I’m going to buy a car.

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Before we have a baby we’ll buy a bigger house.,

Clause Order in time clause

Use a comma only when the time clause begins the sentence.

I’m going to be an astronaut when I grow up.

Time clauses can come at the beginning or end of sentences.

Time ClauseTime Clause

Time ClauseTime Clause

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Clause Order in time clauseWhen I finished my lunch, we played golf.

I won’t get married until I meet the right person.

As soon as we arrived at the party, they put the steaks on

Time Clause(past)

Time Clause(past)

Time Clause(present)

Time Clause(present)

Main Clause(past)

Main Clause(past)

Main Clause(future)

Main Clause(future)

Time Clause(past)

Time Clause(past)

Main Clause(past)

Main Clause(past)

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Time Expressions 1

Introduce the first event

When they save money,

past

now

future

they’ll buy a new car.

whenafternot . . . untilas soon as

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Pair workPut the verbs in the correct tense. Add commas where necessary.For example: After he (graduate) ___ he (go) ___ to law school. After he graduates, he’ll go to law school.

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Practice 11. They (own) __ a house by the time they (be)

___ married.

2. She (not/start) __ her own business until she (get) ___ more experience.

3. As soon as he (become) __ manager he (take) __ a vacation.

They will own a house by the time they are married.

She won’t start her own business until she gets more experience.

As soon as he becomes manager, he’s going to take a vacation.

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Time Expressions 2Introduce the second event

Before he gets married,

past

now

future

he’ll find a good job.

beforeuntil

by the time

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Pair workCombine the sentences using the time word provided. In each pair, A is the first event.Example: A. The children will go to college.B. B. She will go back to school. [as soon as]As soon as the children go to college, she’ll go back to school.

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Practice 21. A. You will finish your exams.

B. We will (not) celebrate. [until]We won’t celebrate until you finish your exams.

2. A. My brother will buy a new suit.B. He will go on an interview. [before]

My brother will buy a new suit before he goes on an interview.

3. A. She will pass the driving test.B. She will borrow the family car. [after]

After she passes the driving test, she will borrow the family car.

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Pair workComplete the sentences of the next slides. (1-10)

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Practice-31) Kate __________________ when she fell and broke her leg.[ ]was skated[ ]was skating[ ]skated2) I __________________ to the radio when I heard about this terrible carcrash.[ ]listened[ ]was listening[ ]was listened

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Practice-33) When the teacher __________________, the pupils were speakingnoisily.[ ]come in[ ]came in[ ]was coming in4) The fans __________________ impatient when their favourite star cameon the stage, at last![ ]were getting[ ]was getting[ ]got

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Practice-35) We __________________ mushrooms when a fox suddenly ran in frontof us.[ ]picked up[ ]were picking up[ ]were picked up6) When the teacher __________________ him to answer the question, thelittle boy was looking out of the window.[ ]was asking[ ]asked[ ]asks

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Practice-37) I __________________ on anglaisfacile when I got a private messagefrom another member.[ ]was working[ ]worked[ ]am working8) The mother __________________ dinner when she cut her finger.[ ]was cooked[ ]was cooking[ ]cooked

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Practice-39) When her boyfriend __________________ the bell, the young girl wasstill doing her hair.[ ]rang[ ]rung[ ]was ringing10) When the police __________________ him, the thief was rushing out ofthe bank.[ ]were arrested[ ]was arrested[ ]arrested

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Check your answerANSWERS:1. was skating2. was listening3. came in4. were getting5. were picking up6. asked7. was working8. was cooking9. rang10. arrested

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Home workWrite 5 sentences each using past and future time clause.

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Departure