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COALITION NAME

Natural Gas Vehicles Overview Presenter

TitleE-mail

Date

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About Clean Cities

Mission To advance the energy, economic, and environmental security of the United States by supporting local decisions to reduce petroleum use in transportation.

Goal

Reduce petroleum use by 2.5 billion gallons per year

• Replacement • Reduction• Elimination

Accomplishments• Saved nearly 3 billion gallons of petroleum since 1993• Put more than 775,000 alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) on the road• Installed more than 6,600 alternative fueling stations

Red

uce R

eplace

Eliminate

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Clean Cities Coalitions

• Nearly 100 coalitions in 45 states

• 775,000 AFVs using alternative fuels

• 6,600 fueling stations

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Natural Gas

• Hydrocarbons, predominantly methane (CH4)

• High octane rating

• Nontoxic, noncorrosive, and noncarcinogenic

• Not a threat to soil, surface water, or groundwater

• Lower ozone-forming emissions than gasoline

• Extracted from gas and oil wells

• Existing pipeline distribution system

Basics

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Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)• Stored in onboard tanks under high

pressure• Fuel economy similar to gasoline• 1 GGE = 5.7 lb CNG

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)• Kept at cold temperatures• Stored in double-wall, vacuum-insulated

pressure vessels• Heavy-duty vehicles• 1 GGE = 1.5 gal LNG

Basics: CNG and LNG

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Basics: Natural Gas Vehicles

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Dedicated Natural Gas Vehicles (NGV)• Run only on natural gas• Better performance• Lower emissions• Increased cargo capacity

Bi-fuel NGVs• Two fueling systems

o Natural gaso Gasoline

• Fueling flexibility

Dual-fuel NGVs• Run on diesel and natural gas• Heavy-duty vehicles only

Basics: Natural Gas Vehicles

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Basics: Natural Gas Vehicles

A: Gas fill valve

B: Cylinders

C: Master manual shut-off valve

D: High-pressure fuel line

E: Regulator

F: Natural gas solenoid valve

G: Fuel-injection system

Adapted from Compressed Natural Gas: A Suite of Tutorials. Courtesy of Thomason & Associates, Inc.

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Benefits and Considerations

Public Health and Environment• Lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions• Lower particulate pollution• Lower carcinogens

Energy Security• Plentiful in U.S.• Existing infrastructure

Driving Range• Shorter than gasoline• Comparable power and speed

Deployment• Proven and established• 114,000 natural gas vehicles in U.S. in 2008

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Light-Duty NGVs• Suitable for light-duty needs in private and

government fleets• Honda Civic GX

Medium-Duty NGVs• Vans and shuttles• Airports and taxi fleets

Heavy-Duty NGVs• Refuse haulers• Transit buses• School buses• Long-haul trucks• Street sweepers• Snowplows• Short-haul delivery trucks

Use: Fleet Applications

Natural Gas Vehicles for Americawww.ngvamerica.org

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Offsite, Public Access• Utilize an existing public station• Operated by retailer, utility, or fleet• Anchor fleet or pool of multiple fleets

Onsite, Private Access• Exclusive use by fleets• Time-fill stations always private access

Onsite, Public Access• Often located outside of restricted areas• Benefit from economy of scale• Promotes public use of NGVs• Must have fast-fill capabilities for public

Use: Fueling Stations

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Fleet-Owned and -Operated• Fleet works with vendors on station development• Fleet owns and operates station

Outsourced to Independent Provider• Outside development, ownership, and operation• Fleet provides demand threshold• Long-term price agreement• Public access possible

Fleet-Owned, Contractor-Operated• Reduces fleet risk• Fleet relies on experienced operator• Usually a 5-7 year contract

Use: Station Ownership and Operation

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Time-Fill Fueling• Good for centrally-based fleets with consistent schedules• CNG is dispensed slowly, often overnight• Lower cost investment

Fast-Fill Fueling• Fueling takes place in minutes• Necessary for public-access stations• Good for vehicles with little downtime

Combo-Fill Fueling• Time-fill and fast-fill• More flexibility in fueling

Use: CNG Fueling

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Mobile Fueling• Tanker truck with metering and dispensing equipment• Provides temporary fueling option

Starter/Containerized System• Complete fueling station, including storage tank, dispensing,

metering, and required containment• Turn-key solution

Custom Station• Larger storage tanks• Multiple dispensers• LNG and/or CNG dispensing

Use: LNG Fueling

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Questions to Ask• How many vehicles will be fueled each day?• How much fuel will each vehicle need?• When and how often will vehicles need to be fueled?• What are the site development requirements?

Use: Getting Started

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Prepare Fleet Inventory and Replacement Schedule• Identify vehicle replacement potential• Determine station sizing plan

Explore Your Options• Contact vehicle vendors• Contact equipment vendors• Meet with station developers

Visit Existing Sites• Fast-fill and time-fill• Private and public

Ask Questions• Clean Cities coordinators• Station developers• Vendors

Use: Getting Started

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For More Information

Clean Cities

AFDC

FuelEconomy.gov

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For More Information

Clean Cities websitewww.cleancities.energy.gov

Alternative Fuels & Advanced Vehicles Data Center websitewww.afdc.energy.gov

Clean Cities Coordinator Contact Information and Coalitionswww.afdc.energy.gov/cleancities/progs/coordinators.php

Natural Gas Vehicles for Americawww.ngvamerica.org

Some of the information in this presentation was provided by Natural Gas Vehicles for America, in the presentation, “The Compelling Case for NGVs in Public and Private Fleets,” by Stephe Yborra, Director of Communications for the Clean Vehicle Education foundation and NGVAmerica, May 26, 2010.

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