climatic impact assessment models of the upper thames ......presentation outline ... −climate...

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Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames River Basin The University of Western Ontario P. Prodanovic and S. P. Simonovic CFCAS Project Meeting, October 26, 2006, London, Ontario

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Page 1: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames River Basin

The University of Western Ontario

P. Prodanovic and S. P. Simonovic

CFCAS Project Meeting, October 26, 2006, London, Ontario

Page 2: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Presentation Outline

• Inverse approach

• Hydrologic models (Event, Continuous)

• Example of hydrologic model use

• Need for combined models

• Outlines of Event, Continuous, and Combined model reports

• Project book outline

Page 3: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

WeatherGenerator

GlobalCirculation

Model

LocalClimate

Data

Hydrologic Model

Locationof interest

Critical Events

User

Scenarios

Guidelines

System Dynamics Model

InflowState

Auxiliary Constant

Outflow

Inverse Models

Page 4: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Use of Event Model @ Byron

Peak Flow Hazard Situation

460 cms Water overtops banksat the forks

990 cms Top of dykes at London

1080 cms Property flooding begins

Page 5: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

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Flow

 @ S

t. M

arys

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Gumbel Return Period (yrs)

Hist B11 B21

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Flow

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ms)

Gumbel Return Period (yrs)

Hist B11 B21

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yron

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Gumbel Return Period (yrs)

Hist B11 B21

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LP3 Return Period (yrs)

Hist B11 B21

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ow @

 Eal

ing 

(cm

s)LP3 Return Period (yrs)

Hist B11 B21

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 @ B

yron

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s)

LP3 Return Period (yrs)

Hist B11 B21

Event Model 

Results

Page 6: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Current Hydrologic Models

• What the impacts are (increased flood frequency, more property flooding, droughts, etc.)

• What should be done (evaluate current safety/design levels, rehabilitate infrastructure, educate, etc.)

•  How to select and implement new guidelines???

Page 7: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Combined Model

• Test impact of different management options/guidelines as they evolve over time

• Guide a selection of particular set of policies

• Show interaction between social and physical domains

• Can be used to gain insight into driving forces of change and help users learn 

Page 8: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Combined Model Schematic

PotentialEvapotranspiration

Canopy andSurface Storage

FloodDamage

Population andBusiness Sectors

UrbanLand

ConcentrationTime Of

DirectRunoff

GroundwaterStorage

DroughtLevel

PrecipitationTemperature

InfiltrationCapacity

MaximumSurfaceStorage

Soil Storage

Percolation

GW Recharge

Excess

Water Use

Baseflow

Vegetation

Infiltration

Page 9: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Combined Model Scenarios

ClimateScenarios Scenarios

Socio­economic

Scenario

Base

InfWat

RedWat

RedWatLimLand

SwitchToSW

Base

InfWat

RedWat

RedWatLimLand

SwitchToSW

B11

Base

InfWat

RedWat

RedWatLimLand

SwitchToSW

Hist

B21

Page 10: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Event/Continuous Model Report

• Introduction− Problem of Climate Change− Climate Change Research− Outline of the Report

• Inverse Approach to Climate Change− Methodology− Event Hydrologic Model− Weather Generator Model− Inverse Hydro­Climatic Link

Page 11: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Event/Continuous Model Report

• Upper Thames Case Study Watershed− Watershed Description− Climate Scenario Modelling− Weather Generator Modelling− Hydrologic Modelling− Regional Analysis

• Results and Discussions− Hazard Identifications− Inverse Flood/Drought Risk Relationship

Page 12: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Event/Continuous Model Report

− Use of the Inverse Approach− Summary of Results− Recommendations for new Management 

Guidelines

• Conclusions

• References

Page 13: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Combined Model Report

• Introduction− The Problem of Climate Change− Climate Change Research− Integrated Water Resources Management

• Systems Thinking Approach• System Dynamics Simulation

− Organization of the Report

Page 14: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Combined Model Report

• Methodology− Inverse Approach to Climate Change− Weather Generator Modelling− Continuous Hydrologic Modelling− System Dynamics Modelling

• Definition of Concept of Feedback

− Integrated Water Resources Modelling− Hydrologic and Socio­Economic Outputs

Page 15: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Combined Model Report

• Upper Thames River Basin Study− Watershed Description− Climatic Impact Analysis

• Climate Scenarios• Socio­Economic Scenarios

− Integrated Water Resources Model• Continuous Hydrologic Model• System Dynamics Model• Coupling of Hydrologic and System 

Dynamics Models

Page 16: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Combined Model Report

• Results and Discussions− Climate Scenario Outputs− Socio­Economic Outputs

• Floods• Droughts• Urban Sectors• Rural Sectors• Land and Water Use

− Summary− Recommendations for new Management 

Guidelines

Page 17: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Combined Model Report

• Conclusions

• References

• Appendix− Flood and Drought Frequency Analysis− Results (~300 pages)− Model Code (~300 pages)

Page 18: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Project book outline

Assessment of Water Resources Risk and Vulnerability to Changing Climatic Conditions

Page 19: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Front matter

• Project Information

• Project Team

• Executive Summary

• Table of Contents

• List of Figure, List of Tables

• Appendices, CD ROM

• Remarks by the editors

Page 20: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Introduction

• Modelling climate change

• Impacts of climatic change on the management of water resources systems

• Scale issues

• Downscalling methods

• Alternative approaches

• Inverse method

• Practical implications

Page 21: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Introduction cont'd

• Integration of socio­economic­climatic feedbacks for water resources management

• Introduction of the Upper Thames River basin and water management problems

• Outline of the rest of the report 

Page 22: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Inverse approach to modelling impacts of climatic change

• Identification of critical hydrologic exposures

• Hydrologic modelling – transformation of critical hydrologic exposures into corresponding critical meteorological conditions

• Weather generator – simulation of critical meteorologic conditions under present and future climate scenarios

Page 23: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Inverse approach to modelling impacts of climatic change cont'd

• Assessment of frequency of critical meteorological events causing specific water resources risks from the weather generator outputs

• System dynamics modelling of socio­economic­climatic feedbacks

Page 24: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Water resources management in the Upper Thames River basin

• Description of the basin

• Water resources management issues

• Vulnerabilities of the Upper Thames River basin to climatic change

Page 25: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Aspects of vulnerability to droughts and floods in the Upper Thames River basin

• Stakeholder engagement

• Perspective on droughts

• Perspective on floods

• Case study design – identification of vulnerable areas of the watershed

Page 26: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Hydrologic modelling of the Upper Thames River basin

• Flow and precipitation regimes in the Upper Thames River basin

• Hydrologic model selection− Event model− Continuous model

• Selection of calibration and verification data for hydrologic modelling− Event hydrologic modelling− Continuous hydrologic modelling

Page 27: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Hydrologic modelling of the Upper Thames River basin cont'd

• Hydrologic model of the Upper Thames River basin− Event model− Continuous model

• Calibration, verification and sensitivity analysis of hydrologic models

• Generation of synthetic design storms for the Upper Thames River basin

Page 28: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Development and application of a K­NN weather generating model for the Upper Thames River basin

• The K­NN algorithm

• Strategic resampling

• Model applications

• Model improvements and Karen's work

Page 29: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Analyses of climatic change impacts of the Upper Thames River basin management

• Flood risk analysis− Flood damage estimation in the Upper 

Thames River basin− Results of Linda's work

• Drought risk analysis− Results of Linda's work

Page 30: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

System dynamics model of socio­economic­climatic feedbacks in the Upper Thames River basin

• Model development

• System description (model sectors)

• Identification of feedback mechanisms

• Model data

• Simulation scenarios

• Results (including CD ROM)

• Discussion of model results

Page 31: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Guidelines for management of the Upper Thames River basin under climatic change

• Results of Linda's work

• Main conclusions from the system dynamics simulations− Scenarios− Conclusions

Page 32: Climatic Impact Assessment Models of the Upper Thames ......Presentation Outline ... −Climate Scenario Modelling ... −Hydrologic Modelling −Regional Analysis • Results and

Questions?