Climatology ReviewClimatology Review

Question 1Question 1

Why do gyres form?Why do gyres form?

The Coriolis effectThe Coriolis effect

Question 2Question 2

Name three factors that controls Name three factors that controls the movement of surface the movement of surface currents.currents.

The location of the continents, The location of the continents, Earth’s rotation, windsEarth’s rotation, winds

Question 3Question 3

Name two characteristics of a Name two characteristics of a body of water (saline) regarding body of water (saline) regarding salinity and density IF the body of salinity and density IF the body of water experiences high water experiences high evaporation and low rainfall.evaporation and low rainfall.

High salinity and high densityHigh salinity and high density

Question 4Question 4

Define wavelength…Define wavelength…

Two consecutive wave crests pass Two consecutive wave crests pass a given point.a given point.

Question 5Question 5

Name the three factors that Name the three factors that determine the size of a wave.determine the size of a wave.

Wind speed, Fetch, and length of Wind speed, Fetch, and length of time the wind blows.time the wind blows.

Question 6Question 6

What is the major force behind What is the major force behind the formation of tides?the formation of tides?

The gravitational pull of the moon The gravitational pull of the moon on the Earth and its waters.on the Earth and its waters.

Question 7Question 7

What is the curving of the path of What is the curving of the path of ocean currents and wind belts ocean currents and wind belts called?called?

The coriolis effectThe coriolis effect

Question 8Question 8

Are differences in density of Are differences in density of ocean water more likely to affect ocean water more likely to affect surface ocean currents or deep surface ocean currents or deep ocean currents?ocean currents?

Deep ocean currentsDeep ocean currents

Question 9Question 9

What is the highest point of wave What is the highest point of wave called? called? – CrestCrest

What is the lowest point of a What is the lowest point of a wave called? wave called? – TroughTrough

Question 10Question 10

What is a tsunami usually caused What is a tsunami usually caused by?by?

An earthquake or seismic activity An earthquake or seismic activity on the ocean floor (not tides)on the ocean floor (not tides)

Question 11Question 11

Describe the movement of a Describe the movement of a water particle in a wave.water particle in a wave.

Moves in a complete circleMoves in a complete circle

Question 12Question 12

Due to the Earth’s slow Due to the Earth’s slow absorption rate of solar energy, absorption rate of solar energy, the warmest part of the day is the warmest part of the day is when?when?

AfternoonAfternoon

Question 13Question 13

What are narrow bands of high What are narrow bands of high speed winds that blow in the speed winds that blow in the UPPER atmosphere?UPPER atmosphere?

Jet streamJet stream

Question 14Question 14

What are doldrums?What are doldrums?

Narrow zone of weak winds Narrow zone of weak winds located at the equator where the located at the equator where the trade winds of the Northern and trade winds of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres meet.Southern Hemispheres meet.

Question 15Question 15

What are the prevailing winds What are the prevailing winds that we experience here in the that we experience here in the United states?United states?

WesterliesWesterlies

Question 16Question 16

Due to the Coriolis effect, objects Due to the Coriolis effect, objects that travel North From the that travel North From the equator curve in what direction?equator curve in what direction?

East (right)East (right)

Question 17Question 17

What continues to absorb solar What continues to absorb solar energy and increase in energy and increase in temperature as long as the sun’s temperature as long as the sun’s rays hit it?rays hit it?

The landThe land

Question 18Question 18

What is rain shadow?What is rain shadow?

A weather event in which a A weather event in which a moving air mass hits a mountain, moving air mass hits a mountain, rises, cools, and loses most of its rises, cools, and loses most of its moisture through precipitationmoisture through precipitation

Question 19Question 19

Which of the following helps to Which of the following helps to moderate temperatures:moderate temperatures:

LandLand Oceans Oceans MountainsMountains Sun Sun

Question 20Question 20

Which climate has little or no life, Which climate has little or no life, temps below freezing year round, temps below freezing year round, and high winds?and high winds?

Polar icecapPolar icecap

Question 21Question 21

Which heats faster, water or land?Which heats faster, water or land?

LandLand

Question 22Question 22

How are deserts and polar How are deserts and polar icecaps similar? (Hint: think about icecaps similar? (Hint: think about temperature or precipitation)temperature or precipitation)

Low annual precipitationLow annual precipitation

Question 23Question 23

What is a gyre?What is a gyre?

A huge circle of moving ocean A huge circle of moving ocean water found above and below the water found above and below the equatorequator

Question 24Question 24

What is convection?What is convection?

Movement of matter due to differences in density that are caused by temperature variations