Cloud Computing: Background and Examples

Dr. Adil YousifUniversity of Science & Technology

The Next Revolution in ITThe Big Switch in IT

• Classical Computing– Buy & Own

• Hardware, • System Software,• Applications often to meet

peak needs.

– Install, Configure, Test, Verify

– Manage– ..– Finally, use it– $$$$....$(High CapEx)

■ Cloud Computing– Subscribe– Use

– $ - pay for what you use, based on QoS

Ever

y 18

mon

ths?

Cloud Computing

• Definition…

Cloud Computing

The “Cloud” is the default symbol of the Internet in

diagrams.

The broader term of “Computing” encompasses:- Computation- Coordination logic- Storage

Cloud Computing is about moving computing from the single desktop pc/data centers to commercial service providers on

the Internet.

Cloud Computing

• Essential characteristics:– On-demand self service– Broad network access– Resource pooling– Rapid elasticity– Measured service

• Extras– Pay-per-use– SLA– Distribution

Cloud Computing

• Service Models– What do we make available through Internet?

Development Platform

Infrastructure

Applications& Services

Virtual servers, virtual storage, and networking

Development Platforms, Runtime environments for applications, APIs

Office Applications, CRM, E-mail, Media, Gaming

HerokuMicrosoft Azure

PaaS

Amazon EC2, S3Joyent, Rightscale

IaaS

SalesForce.comGoogle Docs

SaaS

Cloud Computing

• Deployment models– Public Clouds: The cloud infrastructure is made available

to the general public or a large industry group and is owned by an organization selling cloud services.

– Private Clouds: The cloud infrastructure is operated solely for an organization. It may be managed by the organization or a third party and may exist on premise or off premise.

– Community Clouds: Available to members of a community.– Hybrid Clouds: Composition of the above models.

Cloud Computing

• Advantages:– No capacity planning– No upfront commitment– Elastic infrastructure– Ease of management

Cloud Computing

• Threats… and negative sides?– Security & Confidentiality

– Performance

– Vendor lock-in

Where is my data?Who owns it?

Who has access to this information?

Is the cloud really fast?Can the cloud be efficient for my applications?

Can it deliver the performance I paid for?

Can I afford to move to a proprietary platform?Are there any standards?

Examples

Amazon AWS

• Solutions in various service models– IaaS: EC2, S3, ELB, AutoScaler

PaaS: Elastic Beanstalk, EMR– SaaS: CloudSearch, Elastic Transcoder

• Other services:– Networking: DNS, CDN– Data bases: Relational, no-SQL, memcache– Scripted deployment...

EC2 Pricing (worst case)

TypeU$ per hour

Ratio to

Small

Compute Units

VirtualCores

Compute Unit/ Core

Memory(GB)

Disk (GB)

Addr.(bits)

Standard Small 0,115 1 1 1 1 1,7 160 32/64 Standard Medium 0,230 2 2 1 2 3,75 410 32/64

Standard Large 0,460 4 4 2 2 7,5 850 64Standard Extra Large 0,920 8 8 4 2 15 1690 64High-Memory Extra Large 0,680 5,9 6,5 2 3,25 17,1 420 64High-Memory Double Extra Large 1,360 14,1 13 4 3,25 34,2 850 64High-Memory Quadruple Extra Large 2,720 28,2 26 8 3,25 68,4 1690 64High-CPU Medium 0,230 2 5 2 2,5 1,7 350 32/64High-CPU Extra Large 0,920 8 20 8 2,5 7 1690 64Cluster Quadruple Extra Large --- 15,3 33,5 16 2,09 23 1690 64Eight Extra Large --- 28,2 88 32 2,75 60,5 1690 64

1 Amazon Compute Unit = power of a Xeon/Opteron 2007 1.0-1.2 GHz CPU

Heroku

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Management

Monitoring

Load balancing

Heroku pricing

• Number of web servers (per hour)• Number of application services (per hour)• Database (per month)

– Type– Number of connections– Cache size– Processing capacity

• Lightweight Container hosting multiple services.

• All programming models available from within the same container (unlike others)

• SDK containing APIs for multiple programming models and tools

• Runtime Environment for managing application execution management

• Suitable for– Development of Enterprise

Cloud Applications– Cloud enabling legacy applications

• Portability for Customer Apps:– Enterprise ↔ Public Clouds – .NET/Win ↔ Mono/Linux

Aneka: The Cloud Application Platform (CAP) for Resource-Intensive Apps(Available as a Manjrasoft Product)

Multiple Infrastructures

Multi-core Cluster Grid Cloud

Thread Task ... MapReduce

2100 2100 2100 2100

2100 2100 2100 2100

Aneka

Multiple Applications

1. SDK

2. Runtime

Aneka

• Lightweight Container hosting multiple services.

• All programming models available from within the same container (unlike others)

• SDK containing APIs for multiple programming models and tools

• Runtime Environment for managing application execution management

• Suitable for– Development of Enterprise

Cloud Applications– Cloud enabling legacy

applications• Portability for Customer Apps:

– Enterprise ↔ Public Clouds – .NET/Win ↔ Mono/Linux

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Patent

(PCT)

Aneka as a Cloud Application Platform

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Datacenters Clusters Desktop PCs Public Clouds

Platform

Infrastructure

Applications& Services Application Development

Cloud Middleware

Aneka

Scheduling & Execution

Monitoring Billing

SLA & QoS UserManagement Application

Management DynamicProvisioning

Bag of Tasks Dist. Threads MapReduce …

Aneka Support for InterCloud / Federation of Resource Pools

• XenServer Pool– Aneka + Xen

Server private Cloud

• VMWare Pool– Aneka + VMWare

private Cloud• Amazon EC2 Pool

– Aneka + public EC2

• Windows Azure– Aneka + public

Azure

Executors/Schedulers

Executor

Client Libraries

Executors

Scheduler

Public Cloud

publicly available resources(physical and virtual)

Scheduler

internet

Private Cloud

private enterprise network

VPN(virtual resources)

Executor

•Scientific/Tech Applications•Business Applications•Consumer/Social Applications

Science and Technical Applications

Business Applications

Consumer/Social Applications

Cloud applications

Open challenges

Data Center ManagementEnergy Efficient Computing

Virtualization Formats

Virtualization

Billing, pricing,Service Level Agreement,

Quality of Service

Market-Oriented Computing

Privacy & TrustProtection of Data

Cloud-based Security Threats

Security

Elasticity & ScalabilityProvisioning on Demand

Service Integration

Application Development

InteroperabilityExchange FormatsReference Models

Standardization

Organizational aspectsLegislation

Social aspects …..

And more..

Questions