Cloud Computing Definitions• Cloud

• The set of hardware, networks, storage, services and interfaces that combine to deliver computing as a service

• Cloud services• The delivery of software, infrastructure and storage over the Internet (either as separate

components or a complete platform) based on user demand• Cloud computing

• A networking solution in which computing power, computing infrastructure, applications, business processes and personal collaboration, is all delivered as a service, on demand

• Cloud technology• A model for delivering services where resources are retrieved from the internet through web-

based tools and hosted applications, rather than a direct connection to a server. So being connected to the internet is key. Data and software programs are stored in servers at data centers.

• Cloud storage• Space on a virtual server in a data center where data is stored and/or hosted

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Cloud Computing Characteristics

• Characteristics:– Elasticity and the ability to scale up and down– Self-service provisioning

• Self-provisioning aka cloud self-service, is a system that allows end users to set up and launch applications and services in a cloud computing environment without the direct intervention of an IT organization or a service provider. User self-provisioning can be used in public, private and hybrid cloud scenarios. Source

– Automatic deprovisioning• Release of cloud services that are no longer needed

– Application programming interfaces (APIs)– Pay-as-you-go business model

Cloud Computing models• Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

– Offers storage and computer resources• Platform as a Service (PaaS)

– Offers black-box services with which developers can build applications on top of the computer infrastructure. Might include developer tools to build services, data access, database services or billing services

• Software as a Service (SaaS)– Service provider hosts the software so you don’t need to install, manage or buy it,

or buy hardware for it. All you have to do is connect and use it. Examples include customer relationship management as a service.

• Everything available as a cloud Service (EaaSe)

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Public, private and hybrid clouds• Cloud computing happens on a public cloud, private cloud, or hybrid cloud.

Governance and security are crucial to computing on the cloud, whether the cloud is in your company’s firewall or not.

• Public clouds – Virtualized data centers outside of your company’s firewall. Generally, a service

provider makes resources available to companies, on demand, over the public Internet.

• Private clouds– Virtualized cloud data centers inside your company’s firewall. It may also be a

private space dedicated to your company within a cloud provider’s data center. • Hybrid clouds

– Combine aspects of both public and private clouds.

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Cloud Computing Benefits• Cloud computing:

– Elastic capacity: Can scale up and down in minutes to manage predictable and unexpected peaks, fast growth and on/off cycles

– Easy deployment: Physical IT infrastructure no longer needed and wait times are drastically reduced

– No capital expenditures: No initial investment needed, no termination fees and no commitments

– Pay as you go: Pay for servers by the hour, pay for storage per month, pay for data transfers per Gigabyte

– Automated: Since it’s automated less repetitive tasks and no need to build from scratch

– Collaborative – Accessible

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Companies involved

• In the last 18 months, 13 cloud computing companies have gone public (July 2013)

• According to Bessemer Venture Partners the top 30 public software-as-a-service (SaaS) companies represented more than $100 billion in market capitalization and $12.5 billion in estimated 2013 revenue

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Amazon Web Services (AWS) Partners

Market Value

Spend

Uses• Netflix

– 26 million subscribers – makes up ~25% of North American internet traffic (in 2011) source– 100% on AWS (Amazon Web Services)

• NASA– AWS processed 200k Cassini probe images

• Microsoft– Microsoft Research launched a program called Windows Azure for Research which helps the community advance scientific

discovery with cloud computing• Photofeed

– Stores photos in the cloud through an Android and desktop app that takes photos from Facebook, Flickr and Gmail attachments and organizes them automatically based on their metadata, and deletes duplicates automatically

• Google– Over 50% of all devices connected to the internet are sending traffic to Google’s servers on any one day (July 2013)– Google’s traffic is more evenly spread and when added up it’s larger than that of Facebook, Twitter and Netflix combined (July

2013)• Google Glass

– Software to link the glasses to the apps in the cloud• NASDAQ • Apps (mobile and Facebook) where users can soar from zero to millions in a few days

Challenges

• Security• Encryption• Cloud standards• Managing data in the cloud

Future• Investment companies are talking a lot about cloud companies and why they should

invest, how they are getting bought and how it’s the future of business • By 2020, there will be 50 billion devices connected to the Internet • IPv6 creates more addresses than there are atoms on the surface of the Earth • Forrester expects the global cloud computing market will grow from $35bn (£22.5bn) in

2011 to around $150bn by 2020 as it becomes key to many organisations' IT infrastructures– They also project that by 2020 cloud natives will be the next CIO’s ready to adopt this technology

• According to North Bridge Venture Partners the future will be: – A cloud computing industry worth $158 billion by 2014 – Companies using open APIs to create new business processes and models, to bring about “out-

servicing” (outsourcing everything but their core competencies)– EaaSe (Everything available as a cloud Service ) will shift the era of Bring Your Own Device (BYOD)

to BYOC (Bring Your Own Cloud Services) and we will enter an era of “boundary-less” computing– Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) leads but fastest growth is in Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS),

which will give way to Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) by 2018– Agility and scalability are the primary drivers for cloud adoptionSource

Future• By 2020, according to ZD Net the following will be taking place:

– Hardware and software will be separate from each other as it moves to the cloud

– Software will be written so it goes through several filters before it interacts with hardware, so front-end applications or applications built on top of a platform-as-a-service, will be hardware agnostic

• Social software– Software could take on traits currently found in social-media applications,

so it will look like a cloud, but be engineered so a database will 'like' a server or will 'like' a storage array

– In other words, the infrastructure and software of a data centre will mould itself around the task required, rather than the other way around

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