Cloud computing

By- Jagriti Rai

What is cloud computing?• Cloud Computing refers to manipulating, configuring, and accessing the

applications online.• Provide services over network i.e. on public networks or on private

networks i.e. WAN, LAN or VPN.• Virtualization of network that are manage & maintain by itself.• Making resources available to end user.• Technology that are working behind cloud computing are as follow - Virtualization -Service oriented architecture(SOA) - Grid computing - Utility computing

Architecture of Cloud

Cloud infrastructure component• Cloud infrastructure consist of servers, storage, network, management

software, and deployment software and platform virtualization.• Hypervisor is low level program allows to share the single physical

instance of cloud resources between several tenants.• Management Software helps to maintain and configure the infrastructure.• Deployment software helps to deploy and integrate the application on the

cloud• Server helps to compute the resource sharing and offer other services

such as resource allocation and de allocation, monitoring resources, security etc.

• Network: It allows to connect cloud services over the internet. It is also possible to deliver network as a utility over the internet i.e. the consumer can customize the network route and protocol.

Cloud deployment model• The Public Cloud Model allows systems and services to be easily accessible

to general public. e.g Google, Amazon, Microsoft offers cloud services via internet.

Benefits• Cost Effective• Reliability• Flexibility• Location Independence• Utility Style Costing• High ScalabilityDisadvantages• Low Security• Less customizable

Cont..• The Private Cloud allows systems and services to be accessible with in an

organization. The Private Cloud is operated only within a single organization.

However, It may be managed internally or by third-party.Higher Security and PrivacyMore ControlCost and energy efficiencyDisadvantages

Restricted AreaInflexible PricingLimited ScalabilityAdditional Skills

Contd.• The Hybrid Cloud is mixture of public and private cloud. Non Critical

activities are performed using public cloud while the critical activities are performed using private cloud.

Benefits• Here are the benefits of deploying cloud as hybrid cloud model:• Scalability• Flexibility• Cost EfficienciesDisadvantages

• Networking Issues• Security Compliance• Infrastructural Dependency

Contd..• The Community Cloud allows system and services to be accessible by

group of organizations. It shares the infrastructure between several organizations from a specific community. It may be managed internally or

by the third-party.BenefitsHere are the benefits of deploying cloud as community cloud model:Cost effectiveSharing Between OrganizationsSecurityIssues-Since all data is housed at one location, therefore one must be careful in storing data in community cloud because it might be accessible by others.-It is also challenging to allocate responsibilities of governance, security and cost.

Cloud service model1) IaaS model(Infrastructure as a service) Infrastructure as a Service is a provision model in which an organization

outsources the equipment used to support operations, including storage, hardware, servers and networking components. The service provider owns the equipment and is responsible for housing, running and maintaining it. The client typically pays on a per-use basis.

- Resources that are offered are as follow: - Load balancer - VLAN - IP addressees - Software bundlesBenefit: - Full control on computing resources -Flexible and efficient renting of softwareIssues: - loss of data - Compatibility with software

Contd..2) Platform as a service(PaaS)- It offer application development, testing and

deployment as well such as database integration, security, scalability and storage etc.

Benefit:Lower cost of ownershipConsume less time in development

Issues:- Security issue- Lack of portability with PaaS Cloud.

Contd.3)SaaS model(Software as a service) model allows to provide software

applications as a service to the end users. It refers to a software that is deployed on a hosted service and is accessible via internet. Some of them are listed below:

- CRM- Human resource solution- Helpdesk applicationsIssues:- Lack of portability with SaaS cloud- Browser based risk- Network dependence

Contd..4)IDaaS(Identity as a service):refers to set of attributes associated with something and

make it recognizable.Identity as a Service may include the following: - Directory Services• Federated Services• Registration• Authentication Services• Risk and Event monitoring• Single sign-on services• Identity and Profile managementSOS(Single sign on service): To solve the problem of using different username & password combination for

different servers, companies now employ Single Sign-On software, which allows the user to login only one time and manages the user's access to other systems

Single sign on service

FIDM(Federated Identity management)

• Enable a user to package security credentials across security domains.• A federated identity is the means of linking a person's electronic identity

and attributes, stored across multiple distinct identity management systems.

Contd..5)NaaS(Network as a service): access to network infrastructure directly and

securely. It is the responsibility of NaaS provider to maintain and manage the network resources, which decreases the workload from the consumer. Moreover, NaaS offers network as a utility.

How NaaS is delivered? Consumer is required to logon to the web portal, where he can get on line

API. Here, the consumer can customize the route.

How to create cloud storage system?• Cloud storage system create multiple copies of data and stored at multiple

location. So that in case of data loss they can fetched it from other sources.

• To aggregate data from different location cloud provide storage grid. It also create virtualization layer to fetch data from different storage as well as manage data from CIFS & NFS file system.

Virtual storage container• Virtual storage container offer high performance cloud storage system.• Logical Unit Number (LNU)of device, files and other objects are created in

virtual storage containers.

CHALLENGES

• Provision additional storage on demand.• Know and restrict the physical location of the stored data.• Verify how data was erased?• Have access to a documented process for surely disposing of data storage

hardware.• Administrator access control over data.

Cloud computing technologies1) Virtualization:means to create a virtual version of a device or resource,

such as server, storage device, network or even an operating system. There are three areas of IT where virtualization is making headroads, network virtualization, storage virtualization and server virtualization.

>Network virtualization is a method of combining the available resources in a network by splitting up the available bandwidth into channels, each of which is independent from the others.

>Storage virtualization is the pooling of physical storage from multiple network storage devices into what appears to be a single storage device that is managed from a central console. Storage virtualization is commonly used in storage area networks (SAN)

>Server virtualization is the masking of server resources (including the number and identity of individual physical servers, processors, and operating systems) from server users

Contd.2)Service oriented architecture: A service-oriented architecture is essentially

a collection of services. These services communicate with each other. The communication can involve either simple data passing or it could involve two or more services coordinating some activity.

Contd..3)Grid computing: refers to distributed computing in which a group

computers from multiple locations are connected with each other to achieve common objective. These computer resources are heterogeneous and geographically dispersed.

- It is division of complex work into different system and consolidating the task one at time.

Contd..4)Utility computing: Offering of services to customer and charging them for

the service as per demand. It is basically pay as you go services. On the basis of demand by customer they are being charged.

Few platform for Cloud computing• MapReduce is software built by Google to support distributed

computing .It utilize cloud resources and distribute the data to several computers known as cluster. It has capability to deal with structured and non structured source of data.

• Apache Hadoop is open source distributed computing platform. Its being written in Java. It creates a pool of computer each with hadoop file system. It then clusters the data elements and applies the hash algorithms that are similar. Then it creates copy of the files that already exist.

THANK YOU!!