coal bed methane
DESCRIPTION
A brief overview of what the Coal Bed Methane isTRANSCRIPT
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Amol Agarwal
CBM as an energy source
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What is CBM ?
It is a natural gas produced from coal seams
Sweet gas- mostly contains methane
Other components are ethane, propane , butane
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Origin
Organic material with temperature and pressure effect
Volatile substances such as methane , water result in contraction
Contraction further results in formation of cleats
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How methane is trapped in coal bed?
Methane is adsorbed in the coal
Adsorption
Physisorption Chemisorption
• Physisorption involves intermolecular forces b/w gas molecules & coal. It is more endothermic.
• Chemisorption involves sharing & transfer of electrons.
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ExtractionCoal bed pressure is decreased
which make the gas come out
Water is pumped out for decreasing pressure
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INDIAN RESERVESIdentified Blocks/Coalfields Reserves
(in BCM)Reserves(in TCF)
Rajmal, Jharkhand 158 5.58
Birbhum, W.B 50 1.77
Sohagpur 16.72 0.59
Singrauli Main Basin, MP 31 1.1
Tatapani-Ramkola, Chhattisgarh 53.78 1.9
Mand-Raigarh, Chhattisgarh 119 4.2
Southern Godavari Valley(Kothaguden) AP
87.2 2.2
Northern Godavari Valley AP 29.65 1.05
Barmer Basin, Rajasthan 120 4.24
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COMPARISON OF CBM FROM OTHER NATURAL RESOURCES
On the basis of E&P
On the basis of environmental impacts of resources
On the basis of exploration and production cost(Pricing)
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Indian scenario3rd largest proven coal reserve
4th largest coal producer in the world
CBM reserve – 4.6 TCM
33 CBM blocks awarded in 4 rounds
DGH awarded 1.8 tcm reserves
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Commercial development
Absence of E & P activity till 1997
2001, DGH invited bids through PSC
4 rounds have been completed till date
33 blocks were awarded
Gas in place (GIP) - 8.92 tcf
ONGC, RIL , Essar Oil , GEECL –main players
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Indian projectsRaniganj(WB) -ONGC 90%
Coal India 10%
Bokaro & Karanpura – ONGC 80%,
Indian Oil 20%
Sohagpur (MP) - RIL
Private sector operators – Dart Energy, GEECL, Deep industries & a consortium by Jindal petroleum
Satpura(MP) – Dart energy 80% ,
Tata power 20%
Assam – Dart energy 60%
Oil India 40%
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CURRENT & FUTURE CHALLENGES
Surface Disturbance
Air Pollution
Hydraulic fracturing
Sand, proppants and particulates produced water
Contamination risks to ground and surface water
Methane contamination of water
Flaring
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Major challenges for commercial development of CBM assets
Lack of technical expertise and experience in CBM related project development
Lack of data/information on field characterization and hence technology selection toward reserve development
Regulatory challenges in the form of clearances and pricing policies
Poor quality of reserves in terms of CBM saturation level