Cold War Hot Spots

Unit 4

Lesson 11

(Sections 26.3 & 26.4)

Objectives:Describe how Communists rose to power in China and how the US reacted.Explain why the US became involved in the affairs of Korea and summarize the events of the war.Identify other Cold War “hot spots.”Explain how US foreign policy changed through the course of the Cold War.Analyze points of view towards the conflict and identify bias

Warm Up

How did the Red Scare manifest itself in the US?

FELP- LRB

HUAC

Espionage Cases

McCarthyism

Communists Take China- 1949Chinese Civil War (28-38)

Nationalists: Chiang Kai-shekCommunists: Mao Zedong

Unite to fight WW2… temporaryPeople’s Republic of China

Mao’s CommunistsChou En-lai - Premier

Republic of China – aka Taiwan (Formosa)

Chiang’s NationalistsRecognized as official govt (US & UN)

Click Photo

T-P-S

What do you know about Korea? From history and news today.

The Korean War

Japan occupied Korea from 1910-1945

Post WW2, Korea divided at 38th Parallel

USSR in North

US in South

Goal: reunification

UN in North Korea

USSR refuses UN-sponsored elections…

Republic of Korea in Seoul, S. Korea (Pres. Syngman Rhee)

Democratic People’s Republic of Korea in Pyongyang, N. Korea (Kim Il Sung)

Occupying troops withdrew 48 & 49.

Reading

Open HostilitiesJune to Sept- North captures Seoul, most S. Korea!

Sept to Oct – Mac pushes back…to Chinese border!

Nov to Jan 51- Chinese get involved to stop US from entering China… push back to 38th parallel

T-P-S

How should the US proceed? (i.e. what should the US do next???)

Butting Heads

MacArthur : Invade China! Truman: No!

MacArthur appeals to media, criticizes Truman

Mac fired April 11, 1951.

Armistice

1951-1953 stuck at 38th…nothing gained, much lost (54k dead, $67b)

Soviets suggest ceasefire38th Parallel

Demilitarized Zone

Exchange of POW’s

NK/UN signed July 1953No official NK/SK Treaty!http://app.discoveryeducation.com/

search?Ntt=korean+war

Impact of Korea

UN authorityN. Korea still communist – Still

hostilitiesUS precedent of intervention (Vietnam)

due to containmentUS rejects Dem Party, elects Republican

Military-industrial complex

Eisenhower and the Cold War

Brinksmanship1949- Soviet A Bomb

Nov 52/Aug 53- H Bomb

John Foster DullesUse “full force”

NSC triples defense $

Deterrence

MAD Arms RaceAir Raid Drills Bomb Shelters“Living Under the Button”

Cold War Takes to the SkiesOct 4, 1957- Sputnik

Fear ICBM attack

US tries to duplicate and fails

NASA

National Defense Education Act

U2 IncidentUS spy plane shot down over USSR

Other Confrontations

Asia: US doesn’t sign Geneva Accords, gives aid to S.Vietnam

Middle East: US supports creation Israel (‘47), Eisenhower Doctrine (‘57) after Suez Crisis – US force against communist aggression in ME

Latin America – Rio Pact & OAS Treaties

Closure

How did the US policy of deterrence influence US actions during the Cold War?

Brinksmanship as strategy

Diplomatic decisions made with threat of force

Build up of arms & arsenals

Always risk danger of outbreak of war

Homework

Activity: Analyzing the Korean War

You will receive two readings on the Korean War. Read both and respond to the questions on the back.