cold war/ post war america unit notes · arms and space race arms race under president eisenhower,...

Cold War/ Post War America Unit Notes

Civics Text: Chapter 15- Economics and the American Economy “The American Economic System”- Text p. 243-249”

What are the basic differences between capitalism(free enterprise, market economy), socialism and communism (command economy)?

Communism/Command Economy:

1) This type of economy was started by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engel.

2) The government or central authority decides how the factors of production, land, labor and capital (man-made things of value that helps to produce goods and services) will be used. There is little individual choice in how to use the factors of production.

Example: The government will tell the people what goods and services to produce, how much of a good or service to produce, and how much it will cost.

3) Many command economies are found in countries that have dictatorships.

Marx Engel

“From each according to his ability, to each according to his need”

“Workers of the World Unite”


Communism/ Command Economy:

- All of the factors of production are owned collectively by the government.

- There is little or no private ownership of property.

- The government gives goods and services to people based on their needs.

- People are directed by the government into certain jobs and levels of education based on the needs of the economy.

- Tries to eliminate economic classes. ( Wealthy, Middle Class, Poor)

- Organized religion is outlawed.



Socialism: Is often times associated with communism. In between capitalism and communism

- Wealth should be distributed equally.

- Nationalization- government owns, or controls most of the important businesses and industries in the country.

- The government provides public services to all those in need. Like welfare if you lose your job, health care, retirement payments.

- Taxes are very high.



Market Economy- Free Enterprise, or Capitalism:

-In this type of economy private individuals decide how the factors of production are used, and how goods and services are produced and distributed.

-There is little or no government control of the economy.

-It is based on competition for profits.

- Adam Smith, a Scottish philosopher, economist and writer first developed the idea of a modern market economy.

-Wealth of Nations- 1776, a book written by Adam Smith that outlined the basic economic principles of capitalism.

Smith

“Invisible Hand”


What is a mixed economy?

Is an economy that has a combination of socialism and capitalism.

The United States is a mixed economy.

Example- Social Security, Medicare, regulating industries/stock market, stopping monopolies, using tax money to help large businesses if they are going to fail.


Cold War

After WWII, the U.S. and U.S.S.R. began to distrust each other more

than ever. They will become rival “Super Powers”, which will

start a forty year period of tension between the U.S. and the Soviet

Union (U.S.S.R.).

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=political+cartoon+US+v+USSR&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=_q0D-VmRXzT68M&tbnid=arn8S6X1hCe2IM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://wills330.blogspot.com/2010/12/cuban-relations-with-super-powers-of.html&ei=s5hHUcfMNueujALNroHoBg&bvm=bv.44011176,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNFMVEr3vz_X6vzQ5SwCfX6t1_GVDg&ust=1363732989272790

Cold War At the end of WWII, during the Potsdam Conference, Stalin had promised to allow free elections in Eastern Europe. He broke his promise and set up communist/ pro- Soviet governments in those countries. Winston Churchill said that an “Iron Curtain” had fallen over Eastern Europe. America was afraid of communism spreading around the world and eventually to the United States.

Berlin Blockade and Airlift

A couple of years after Germany had been defeated and divided in

two after WWII, The United States and Great Britain wanted to start

discussing the idea of reunifying Germany. Stalin was very upset

about the idea of Germany being one country again. To show his

unhappiness the Soviet Union blockaded West Berlin, which is

completely inside of communist East Germany.

Berlin

Berlin Blockade and Airlift

In response the U.S. launched a massive airlift of supplies into West

Berlin to break the blockade. This event can be seen as the starting

point for the Cold War between the U.S. and U.S.S.R. It had the

potential to start a third world war between the two countries.

Eventually, the Soviets lifted the blockade and the U.S. dropped the

idea of reunifying Germany.

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=berlin+airlift&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=YI72EgK4FlaDcM&tbnid=e7uIwdRxkQW3DM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://profbutler.watermelon-kid.com/students/reading/1302_maps-4.htm&ei=4ZtHUYqAF-XmiwLSpoDwBQ&bvm=bv.44011176,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNGlDd2jg8WyUj4fYaCYphgg8Y1ZFA&ust=1363733840229298

East (Warsaw Pact) v. West (NATO)

West (U.S., Democracies) vs. East (U.S.S.R., Communism)

West East

East v. West

Communists

Socialists

Reds

Democratic

Democracy

Free World

Capitalism

East v. West NATO and Warsaw Pact

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization), was created as a defensive alliance for Western Europe as the communists gained control of Eastern Europe. In response to NATO, the Soviet Union created the Warsaw Pact alliance for the nations of Eastern Europe.

Ch. 27 p. 247-249

East v. West

NATO and the Warsaw Pact

•Soviet Union •Albania (until 1968) •Bulgaria •Czechoslovakia •East Germany (until 1990) •Hungary •Poland •Romania

U.S., Canada, Belgium, Denmark, France, Great Britain,, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Turkey. Original members 1949

Truman Doctrine and Containment This was President Harry Truman’s main strategy to fight the Cold War. Through the Marshall Plan and other programs, the U.S. gave money and military support to help rebuild Europe after the war. To receive this aid countries had to pledge to support democracy (couldn’t be Communist).

President Harry S. Truman

Truman Doctrine and Containment

The U.S’s policy of stopping the spread of communism. The U.S felt

that if they could stop communism from spreading to other countries,

Then it could be “rolled back” and pro-western governments

(democracies) could be set up in those countries.

Fear of Communism “ Second Red Scare”

Ever since the end of WWI Americans had a fear of communism spreading to the U.S. During the 1950s the country will go through another fear of communism spreading to the U.S. and around the world.

Communism

House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)

The HUAC’s role was to find communists in American society and government. Their actions sparked a panic in the country, and many people had their lives ruined simply by being accused or investigated for doing things that seemed un-American.

Many people were investigated and some were put on trial to spying on the U.S. during the Cold War.

Communism

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg- executed for spying on the U.S.

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=rosenbergs&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=fNQ4gSGH_1CbgM&tbnid=Q38kv_9rWwPCqM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.faqs.org/espionage/Re-Se/Rosenberg-Ethel-and-Julius-Espionage-Case.html&ei=7qNHUaDPB6iDjALe34C4Dg&bvm=bv.44011176,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNFMsaR8FAqpIfNkCTTj9tpD9HPZYw&ust=1363735890393807http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=alger+hiss&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=hGvcCvlnIxuDHM&tbnid=H4hC9L4GHab_3M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=https://files.nyu.edu/th15/public/&ei=YKRHUd7pIK_MigLmkoHQCw&bvm=bv.44011176,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNFl19VHS0Zr-uANVCBL-0bYUtCpUw&ust=1363735999521764

McCarthyism and the Cold War

McCarthyism? Senator Joseph McCarthy used American’s fear of communism to gain

political power.

He claimed to have the names of communists working within the

government. His claims were never proven. His accusations ruined the

lives of many people. The word “McCarthyism” refers to anyone

making reckless accusations against other people.

In 1954, McCarthy held televised public hearings to expose communists

in America. During the hearings he accused members of the U.S.

military of being communists. After these hearings, McCarthy lost

credibility with the American people.

Senator Joseph McCarthy

Arms and Space Race

Arms Race

Under President Eisenhower, the U.S. developed a policy of “Brinksmanship”,

which meant the U.S would go to the brink of war (nuclear war) with the

Soviet Union to stop the spread of communism. This started a nuclear arms

build up by both countries. Both countries developed a Hydrogen bomb by the

middle of the 1950’s. The idea of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD) in

some ways actually kept the U.S. and U.S.S.R from attacking each other.

H-Bomb Test

Arms and Space Race

Space Race The United States and the Soviet Union competed against each

other to be the first to go into space. The Soviet Union launched the

first satellite in 1957, named “Sputnik”. At first the U.S. was losing the

“space race”, but eventually caught up and passed the Russians by

landing men on the Moon.

Sputnik

Spying and the U2 Incident

U2 Incident

Both countries spied on each other. May 1, 1960, a U-2 spy plane piloted

by Francis Gary Powers was brought down over Soviet Union. The

U.S. had always denied that it was spying on the Soviet Union, now the

Soviets had proof that we were. Here in the U.S., Julius and Ethel

Rosenberg were tried and executed for allegedly selling atomic bomb

secrets to the Soviets.

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=ML4_uSDEUcB_AM&tbnid=06L1qxT0oEuTtM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.aerospaceweb.org/question/history/q0013.shtml&ei=nf9ZUZ3HHan4iwKRvICIAw&bvm=bv.44442042,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNEHqmtTXNsJ90L0i8f5imaFahxw_A&ust=1364939027289606http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=weZenLD1QLpuNM&tbnid=U9HfSIMcC8IFRM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/Feb/On-This-Day--Captured-U-2-Pilot-Returned-to-U-S-.html&ei=agBaUcmTC6eniQK07YDoCw&bvm=bv.44442042,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNGEsEP_tsmWuK32dpOgaQFqs1jcRQ&ust=1364939206154331http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=mSNdg99vPcUnCM&tbnid=xzZ-vXhSTUGNmM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.pakistantalk.com/forums/military-history/6881-u2-flights-peshawar-cia-s-gary-powers-legends.html&ei=pgBaUfjCG6ryiQLlwoGwCg&bvm=bv.44442042,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNHEmYc8UlSta8QE-ZI00UI0VreUiQ&ust=1364939287391396

Korean War

Causes of the Korean War

After WWII, Korea was divided into two countries at the 38th Parallel

line(38o N Latitude). North Korea became a communist country with

the support of China and the Soviet Union. South Korea had a non-

communist government and was supported by the United States. In June

1950, North Korea invaded South Korea. President Truman asked for

the United Nations to send a peace keeping force into Korea to stop the

fighting. The U.S. made up the biggest part of the U.N. forces.

Korean War Memorial, Washington DC

Korean War


Korean War


The U.N. forces under the command of General Douglas MacArthur

were able to push the North Koreans back across the 38th Parallel.

MacArthur continued to advanced deeper into North Korea. At this

point China became alarmed and warned that if U.N. forces continued to

move closer to their border they would enter the war on the side of

North Korea. The U.N. forces did not withdraw and China entered the

war. MacArthur wanted to attack China directly, but President Truman

did not allow him for fear that Korea would grow into a larger conflict.

Truman eventually replaces (fires) MacArthur.

Truman and MacArthur

Korean War

Effects of the Korean War

A cease fire went into effect on July 27, 1953. President Eisenhower

brought the war to an end as he had promised in his election campaign.

The war ended in a stalemate. The border between North and South

Korea remained at the 38th Parallel. A demilitarized zone (DMZ) has

been created between the two countries. Many Americans felt frustrated

by the indecisive war.

Korean War Effects of the Korean War

In the 50 years since the end of the war North Korea has become

more and more isolated. South Korea in contrast, has become a

strong economic power in Asia. Technically, a state of war still

exists between the two sides, since no formal peace agreement was

ever signed.

Combat Deaths

Over 33,000 Americans were killed.

227,000 South Koreans killed

132,000 Chinese Killed

North Korea- 527,000 killed est.

Over 3 million civilian casualties. Industry destroyed,

agriculture ruined, millions of refugees

Spying and the U2 Incident- Cuban Missile Crisis

Bay of Pigs

In 1959, the island nation of Cuba became communist. Fidel Castro and

Che Guevara led a revolt that overthrew the old Cuban government,

which was friendly with the U.S.. Many Cubans had fled Cuba and

came to the U.S. when the communist took over.

Fidel Castro

Che Guevara

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=CRx6PPjw0LdaZM&tbnid=n_wu5LJzxG_GBM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://damelesego.blogspot.com/2011/06/che-guevara-and-fidel-castro-beware.html&ei=gARaUc_UMcOaiQKQi4G4Aw&bvm=bv.44697112,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNHWhG6m8Zx7kMmcEMtdpdicPB0w4g&ust=1364940271244556


Bay of Pigs

President Kennedy and the CIA trained and organized these exiles into an

Army. The plan was to send them back to Cuba to overthrow the new

communist government. The Cuban exile army landed at the Bay of

Pigs in Cuba. They were supposed to be supported by the U.S.

military. Once the invasion started the U.S. didn’t give the support

they had promised and most of the Cuban exiles were killed or

captured. The whole event was very embarrassing for the U.S. and Cuba

formed a close relationship with the Soviet Union after the Bay of Pigs.

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=SkGns62jkSDQcM&tbnid=Jzg49nUAaFMDnM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bay_of_Pigs_Invasion&ei=7ANaUaKbGLH4igKrlYGwBA&bvm=bv.44442042,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNGWmEm9GtVZFAXElzd1Efq6sw8x4g&ust=1364940111214282http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=2GtEuvPtGfZ3yM&tbnid=B1KNLjbkpkIb2M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.ashland.edu/~jmoser1/eikenberryinvasion.html&ei=JwRaUa-jKoHhiAKo-oDABA&bvm=bv.44442042,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNGWmEm9GtVZFAXElzd1Efq6sw8x4g&ust=1364940111214282


Cuban Missile Crisis

In response to the Bay of Pigs, The Soviet Union placed nuclear missiles

in Cuba to help protect them from a another U.S. invasion. The U.S.

put up a naval blockaded of Cuba to stop any more ships from reaching

Cuba, and threatened nuclear war if the Soviets did not remove

the missiles.

Soviet missile sites in Cuba

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=bbQpDeeDxY9ntM&tbnid=uN1gPgYiW0OEgM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2012/10/50-years-ago-the-cuban-missile-crisis/100387/&ei=YAdaUda_K6OkigKU2YHYAg&bvm=bv.44697112,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNExl4SjDby3wyGQkSpnB41urnEEIw&ust=1364941018115540http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=mfg6Nilj3WlWxM&tbnid=LBZCBB63kajgDM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.atomicarchive.com/History/coldwar/page13.shtml&ei=HwhaUevBMYepiALKgoDgCA&bvm=bv.44697112,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNExl4SjDby3wyGQkSpnB41urnEEIw&ust=1364941018115540


Cuban Missile Crisis

The Soviets backed down and took the missiles out of Cuba,

but in response completed the Berlin Wall in Germany as a way to stop

people from East Germany from escaping into West Berlin. The U.S.

also took its nuclear missile out of Turkey. This event brought the U.S.

and Soviet Union to the edge of nuclear war, and in many ways marks the

height of the Cold War

Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev and President Kennedy Berlin Wall being constructed

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=VsOSVFP5YnT0GM&tbnid=ww4JRdf2N5YrKM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/war_stories/2012/10/cuban_missile_crisis_50th_anniversary_what_this_cold_war_crisis_should_teach.html&ei=lgdaUcPwDeK7igKDsIHIBQ&bvm=bv.44697112,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNExl4SjDby3wyGQkSpnB41urnEEIw&ust=1364941018115540http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=glbh7XSQ_Njq8M&tbnid=3G05xNscUI5vOM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.euinfrastructure.com/news/construction-of-the-berlin-wall/&ei=dQhaUd__Ns6ajAKwzIHYDQ&bvm=bv.44697112,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNHfRwxbsyAEGAq0gI84eAc3_iP-iA&ust=1364941282776195

Life in America after WWII and during the 1950s Text p. 859-863

Baby Boom

After WWII, many people wanted to get back to their normal lives.

As a result many couples wanted to start families. There was a large

growth in the population from 1945-1960. This period of time became

know as a the “Baby Boom”. About 50 million babies are born during

this time.

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=iVGyKFlZbSYOBM&tbnid=LXBsL8AUtl82FM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.conservapedia.com/Baby_boom&ei=AgFeUeztN8PkiAL984GgBQ&bvm=bv.44770516,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNEh-fwqTZyyb-9r7J0p80X5sRrIMw&ust=1365201534271389


Growth of Suburbs

The strong economy and the surge in birth rates (baby boom) led to

more people wanting a house of their own. This led to the building of

affordable homes in-between the country and city (suburbs). The

suburbs allowed many Americans to own a home for the first time.

For the first time since before the Civil War more people were moving

to the South and West (Sun Belt) rather than the East and North.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Suburbia_by_David_Shankbone.jpg


Consumerism- Economic Changes

Industries had to switch from making military equipment to consumer

goods. The America economy expanded and was stronger than ever.

The hard economic times of the Great Depression (1929-1945) were

finally over. The 1950s, in general, can be characterized as a period of

economic prosperity, and growth of the middle-class. More people

could afford luxury goods, like cars and appliances. The 1950s, were

also marked by a growth in consumerism (people buying goods and

services).

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=pzIWkUNnHnvtvM&tbnid=QY51cPIebCarxM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://cookit.e2bn.org/historycookbook/36-833-Life-in-postwar-modern.html&ei=7K9cUa37JOvliwLtvoGIAw&bvm=bv.44770516,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNE_Eho_uahfDEsTSu31Dkh2rmlW9w&ust=1365115240015772http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=diP_ODpYe1_JHM&tbnid=HwPs_w6f-C0ETM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/about-us/history/timeline/index.htm&ei=b7FcUYSVNuXDigK9s4D4Bw&bvm=bv.44770516,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNHLvVWgLvLxUJNXY9Z5Cic9q6Tctg&ust=1365115602042868http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=_hUxIrpU3uaqhM&tbnid=cslL9vdnQM2PlM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.neh.gov/humanities/2011/mayjune/feature/californias-cold-war-museum&ei=vbFcUb_lKuyzigLRxIHQBw&bvm=bv.44770516,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNGNTWXeq5OkNaB4Q8hoecgAvoztfQ&ust=1365115700109190


Consumerism- Role of Women

Many women had to give up their jobs to returning servicemen

after the war. They were encouraged to return to more domestic or

traditional female occupations.

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=qST_ZFBR6VHuQM&tbnid=4MwRmAd0WhitOM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.muscogeemoms.com/2011/05/29/rosie-the-riveter-and-d-day-observance/&ei=F7NcUYjmC6LtiwKIpYHgBQ&bvm=bv.44770516,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNEj1Tx55rCLMzkhzLrtr2I-MINuOA&ust=1365116043769473http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Ye139HMyGAx8JM&tbnid=t8OJZw29AYMzmM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://hartfordinformer.com/2012/10/opinions/sorry-men-we-arent-in-the-1950s/attachment/women-in-the-1950s-sivaramaswami-com/&ei=mLNcUayoL5DciQKGvoCwAw&bvm=bv.44770516,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNEOfnrHd2rofV028zkozvhduMV5ag&ust=1365116181238750


Consumerism- African Americans

African Americans had hoped that after the war

discrimination and segregation would end in the workforce and

throughout America society, but it did not. Only in the military did

segregation end. Africa-Americans continued to lag behind

economically and didn’t fully enjoy the prosperity of the 1950s.

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=_XwZeXEArcM5xM&tbnid=GaFR2MovI5OgxM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://dingeengoete.blogspot.com/2012/06/this-day-in-history-jun-25-1950-korean.html&ei=O7RcUZ_FM7H9iQL-_YDIDQ&psig=AFQjCNHPAZzagLJjoYYPAhs3omWM5-ZEVA&ust=1365116347185010http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=xvFiQLDbysTfrM&tbnid=RYjLWrVxnbOnEM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/aaohtml/exhibit/aopart9.html&ei=5LRcUa7iGLH4igLqoIHoBA&bvm=bv.44770516,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNGyc1gjYW1HZN-0JMpokmZk1-wG3A&ust=1365116490870733http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=KKLEWtbn6VfSSM&tbnid=Qz2yXtKgsxyR3M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.bnyee.org/edeconomicinequity.htm&ei=XbVcUZZKh6eIApafgZAK&psig=AFQjCNH89b7r9_BUOpIKzvawHwHVupJILA&ust=1365116585272894http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=s1PNJ3PL-d_1YM&tbnid=hGqsqjKHSIJTxM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://minorityrepublican.com/category/businesseconomics/&ei=sLVcUenxBuHniwKKs4CQCw&psig=AFQjCNH89b7r9_BUOpIKzvawHwHVupJILA&ust=1365116585272894


Consumerism- Poor in America

Even though the 1950s can be seen a prosperous

time in American history, there was still large amounts of poverty.

This was especially true in the cities. With wealthier and middle class

families leaving for the suburbs that left the poor to live in urban

(cities) areas. Many could not buy the consumer goods, or take

advantage of the economic prosperity created after WWII.

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=ikJSBsP-GiMAmM&tbnid=IjzhXDxhRO667M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://trcs.wikispaces.com/Poverty&ei=ROdeUaSkHMW9iwLRvYDQDw&bvm=bv.44770516,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNEH1beRSocAZ2Pj04J9jVBLP_fVJg&ust=1365260464120900http://www.flickr.com/photos/spaceshoe/5372030437/


Conformity

The red scare and the fear of being labeled as different or un-American

put a great deal of pressure on people to “conform” with the rest of

society. It went beyond just dressing or looking a similar way, into

people being concerned that they held similar idea and values to those

around them they would not stand out from the rest of society.

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=SndFj12oVGUHNM&tbnid=hAwJU7VE-nfDbM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://thefrailestthing.com/2010/09/10/warning-a-liberal-education-leads-to-independent-thinking/&ei=wQheUcjHGcjmigL684CoCg&bvm=bv.44770516,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNH0pgGxtWGzsPbXaJR5Nu2xZhbYkw&ust=1365203511610760


Conformity

Some Americans were upset about the amount of conformity they

saw in society and openly challenged the status quo. One such

group became known as “beatniks”. Novelist Jack Kerouac is one

of several people credited with starting the beatnik movement

during the 1950s.

Jack Kerouac


Entertainment Rock n’ Roll and television were just starting to grow in popularity. Both

became major industries during the 50s.

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=jqlTKkt95PFzDM&tbnid=iC_2prgV6Hkv5M:&ved=&url=http://faculty.polytechnic.org/gfeldmeth/0110415a.html&ei=hgxeUd3RB6HKigLQ4oCoBA&bvm=bv.44770516,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNGa1hnJj3E0E5yqOC1qXNXZ_w3Pkw&ust=1365204486430505http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Rx4-2NizgmgiHM&tbnid=Ps28602KpDpqlM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.eftekasat.net/details.php?image_id=278443&ei=9AxeUffKL4rmiAL-goDYBA&bvm=bv.44770516,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNG2J640YTWgehkD5a9gkU_vbY2fyw&ust=1365204555474666

Life in America after WWII and during the 1950s

Text p. 859-863 Medical and Technological Changes

Polio Vaccine- Polio had been a major disease inflicting tens of

thousands of people in America prior to WWII. Scientist and

doctors develop a vaccine to prevent people from getting polio.

Interstate Highway System- President Eisenhower directs the

building highways connecting the entire country.

Computers- First mainframe computers are developed. The space

race with the Soviet Union advanced the use of computers.

Air Conditioning- allows people to move to the “Sun Belt” states in

the south and west.

Dr. Jonas Salk- Polio Vaccine

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wisdom-cover2.pnghttp://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=first+main+frame+computers&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=vBKpHgWFhPiVcM&tbnid=LQNhAo6garypHM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.extremetech.com/computing/98791-what-would-the-world-be-like-if-steve-jobs-had-never-existed&ei=zw0rU6ybA9CDogSjsIHQBA&bvm=bv.63316862,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNEmc_yRUX9rXzRDBlJGUMAk9SBN9g&ust=1395416896740658http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=interstate+highways&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=K7RSEMuWkQgiOM&tbnid=tti2lc-7OXr3jM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.mixednumbers.org/hwy.html&ei=iw4rU87WFYOBogTLj4CwDA&bvm=bv.63316862,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNFJ8KiJzRsF_H9W9CZjWU19XKux_w&ust=1395417087646007

Life in America after WWII and during the 1950s

Text p. 859-863 Fear of Communist in America and Nuclear War

Despite all of the positive aspects of life in post-war America there

was still a great deal of fear and anxiety created because of the Cold

War with the Soviet Union. McCarthyism, the Red Scare,

Rosenberg spy case led many Americans to assume nuclear war was

coming and they must prepare for it.

cold war/ post war america unit notes · arms and space race arms race under president eisenhower,...

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