Collaboration Multiplier:

A Tool to Strengthen Multi-Sector

Efforts to Prevent Violence at the

Regional Level

Larry Cohen, MSW

Mego Lien, MPH, MIA Prevention Institute

Violence Prevention Alliance Annual

Meeting

September 6, 2016

Fern Tiger

Fern Tiger

Cc RIBI Image Library

Significantly reduce all forms of violence and related death

rates everywhere (16.1)

End abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of

violence against and torture of children (16.2)

Eliminate all forms of violence against all women and

girls in the public and private spheres, including trafficking

and sexual and other types of exploitation (5.2)

Violence Prevention in SDGs

Poverty and inequality

Alcohol and drugs

Gender inequality

Mental health

Early childhood development

Housing and basic services

Rule of law

Violence Prevention in SDGs

Reduce poverty and inequality (1.1, 10.1, 10.4)

Limit access to alcohol and drugs (3.5)

End gender inequality; empower women and girls (5.1, 5c)

Improve mental health (3.4)

Early childhood development (4.2)

Adequate, safe, affordable housing and basic services (11.1)

Improve rule of law (16.3, 16.6)

Violence Prevention in SDGs

Targets:

Collaboration is critical to achieve targets

addressing violence and related risk factors

SDG 17: Revitalize global partnerships and

cooperation to achieve all targets

Multi-Sector Collaboration

Oakland

Seattle/King County

Minneapolis

Denver

St. Louis

Chicago

Louisville

Boston

New Orleans

Cleveland

Santa Clara County Salinas/Monterey County

Multnomah County

Kansas City

UNITY City Network

Houston

Baltimore

Updated

8/4/2016

Los Angeles Oxnard

Milwaukee

Hillsborough

County

Philadelphia

Phoenix

UNITY Assessment

Findings:

Youth violence is a serious issue for cities.

Primarily law enforcement and criminal justice

Public health departments rarely included

Most cities cited a lack of prevention and

comprehensive strategy

Cities with the greatest coordinated approach

also had the lowest rates of youth violence

Why

Collaborate?

Advantages of

Working Together

Reasons to Collaborate

Diverse expertise and more resources to

reach common goals

Access to new constituencies and networks

Improved outcomes, greater effectiveness

Less redundancy, greater efficiency

Sustainability, appeals to funders

Enhanced resources to achieve success

Meanings for “Multi-Sector”

Everyone has a role to play

The whole is greater than

the sum of its parts

Gaining traction in

tandems and trios

Beyond Access

Beyond Access

Fern Tiger

UNITY is a

national initiative

that brings us all

together. That way

we have greater

power to focus our

efforts so they’re not

piecemeal.

— JT Turner

Tucson Police Department

Tucson, Arizona

”

“

UNITY RoadMap

Who? Partnerships High-Level Leadership

Collaboration & Staffing

Community Engagement

How? Strategy Strategic Plans

Data & Evaluation

Funding

What? Prevention Programs, Organizational Practices & Policies

Communication

Training & Capacity Building

www.preventioninstitute.org/unitylinks

Photo credit: www.whitehouse.gov

Jason Taellious

Ren

popturf.com

Commerce

Arts and culture

Law enforcement

Youth wellness

Health Dept.

Education

1. Connect every young person to a trusted adult

2. Intervene at the first sign of at-risk behavior

3. Restore youth who have gone down

the wrong path

4. Unlearn the culture of violence

cc Doug Kerr

Blueprint for Action Goals

Blueprint for Action

Number of

youth homicide

victims down 60%

from 2006

4x as many high

school students

with year-round

jobs, internships

Results

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

Juveniles Arrested or Suspected

of Violent Crime

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Collaboration

Multiplier

Collaborator 4

Expertise:

Desired

Outcomes:

Key Strategies:

Collaborator 3

Expertise:

Desired

Outcomes:

Key Strategies:

Collaborator 1

Expertise:

Desired

Outcomes:

Key Strategies:

Collaborator 2

Expertise:

Desired

Outcomes:

Key Strategies:

Shared Outcomes

Partner Strengths

Joint Strategies

Collaboration Multiplier

Addressing the Intersection:

Preventing Violence and Promoting Healthy

Eating and Active Living

Healthy

Eating &

Physical

Activity

Safety &

Preventing

Violence

Preventing Violence through Urban Farming

Denver, CO

Collaboration Multiplier Approach

Information Gathering

Collaboration Multiplier Analysis

1 2

Public Health

Urban

Agriculture

Violence

Prevention

City Council

Preventing Violence through Urban Farming

Denver, CO

Urban

Ag.

City

Council

Violence

Prev.

Public

Health

Phase I: Information-Gathering

Expertise Assets Desired Outcomes Strategies

Urban

Ag.

City

Council

Violence

Prev.

Public

Health

Phase I: Information-Gathering

Expertise Assets Desired Outcomes Strategies

Urban

Ag.

City

Council

n Policies that promote

health and safety in the

district

n Help leverage funds

for long-term

sustainability

n Knowledge on

urban food system

infrastructure and

implementation

n Long-term partnerships

to achieve sustainable

food systems

n Create

mechanisms for

residents to access

fresh, affordable

healthy foods

Violence

Prev.

n Expertise in youth

violence prevention

and intervention

n Decreased gang

violence and increased

positive opportunities for

at-risk youth

n Build youth

leadership and connect

youth to training and

employment

opportunities

Public

Health

n Experience in

population-based

interventions and

collection of data on

chronic disease and

injury rates

n Unification of

collaborative efforts to

address violence and

chronic disease

n Facilitate system

and policy changes

that link healthy

eating active living

with violence

prevention efforts

Phase I: Information-Gathering

n Knowledge and

ability to influence

local policy decisions

n Strong community

infrastructure for

communication,

involvement, outreach

and education.

n Experienced in

street (community)

organizing

n Established and

trusted partner within

the community that

can provide data and

staff resources.

n Ability to influence

the allocation of City

resources for

programs and

services.

City Council

Expertise:

• Knowledge and ability to influence local policy

decisions

Desired Outcomes:

• Sponsor policies that promote health and

safety in the district

Key Strategies:

• Help leverage funds for long-term sustainability

CC

Public Health

Expertise:

• Provide credibility, data and in-kind staff

support

Desired Outcomes:

• Unification of collaborative efforts by partners to

address VP/HEAL

Key Strategies:

• Facilitate system and policy changes that link

healthy eating active living with violence

prevention efforts

PH

City Council

Expertise:

• Knowledge and ability to

influence local policy

decisions

Desired Outcomes:

•Policies that promote health

and safety in the district

Key Strategies:

•Help leverage funds for long-

term sustainability

Violence Prevention

VP

Expertise:

•Expertise in youth violence

prevention and intervention

Desired Outcomes:

•Decreased gang violence and

increased positive

opportunities for at-risk youth

Key Strategies:

•Build youth leadership and

connect youth to training and

employment opportunities

Public Health PH

Expertise:

•Experience in population-based

interventions and collection of data

on chronic disease and injury rates

Desired Outcomes:

•Unification of collaborative

efforts to address violence and

chronic disease

Key Strategies:

•Facilitate system and policy

changes that link healthy eating

active living with violence

prevention efforts

Urban Agriculture

Expertise/:

•Knowledge on urban food

system infrastructure and

implementation

Desired Outcomes:

•Long-term partnerships to

achieve sustainable food

systems

Key Strategies:

•Create mechanisms for

residents to access fresh,

affordable healthy foods

Shared Outcomes

• Strong partnerships among partner

organizations and community members

• Safe community gathering space: Urban farm

• Employment for youth and adults

• Increased access to healthy foods

• Institutional systems and local policies to

promote health and safety

Partner Strengths

• Established trust and respect in community

• Local policy maker involvement and support

• Experience in community engagement and

training

• Content expertise

• In-kind support

• Linked to broader city-wide initiatives

Joint Strategies

• Establish urban farm and farmer’s market

• Build youth capacity to understand goal and

advocate for environmental and policy changes

• Build capacity of leaders

• Cultivate relationships and partnerships

• Connect youth and community residents to

training and employment opportunities

UA CC

Phase II:

Collaboration Multiplier Analysis

Shared Outcomes

• Urban farm: Safe community

gathering space

• Strong partnerships among partner

organizations and community

members

• Employment for youth and adults

• Increased access to healthy foods

• Institutional systems and local

policies to promote health and

safety

PH VP UA + + + CC

SOURCE: Courtesy of the Denver convergence PV-HEAL Pilot Team

www.preventioninstitute.org/publications

Sectors in the Guide

Community Services (e.g., parks,

library)

Criminal Justice (e.g., police and courts)

Economic

Education

Governance (e.g., mayor’s office)

Public Health

Social Services

Private Sectors:

Business

Faith

Media

Departments:

Housing

Planning & Zoning

Public Works

Transportation

Sonke Gender Justice Network

South Africa

The Built Environment and Safety

Medellin, Colombia

Source: Vargas VA and García PV. Violencia urbana, seguridad ciudadana y políticas públicas: la reducción de la

violencia en las ciudades de Bogota y Medellin (Colombia) 1991- 2007.Bogota: Universidad Nacional de Colombia. 2008.

Providing Land Rights & Reducing

Alcohol Abuse

Diadema, Brazil

Source: Echeverri Restrepo, Alejandro . Hacia un Urbanismo Social. Medellin: Empresa de Desarrollo

Urbano de Medellin. Colombia. 2008.

Pachuca Paints Itself

Pachuca, Mexico

Source: Great Big Story

Source: Great Big Story

Source: Great Big Story

Source: Great Big Story

Source: Great Big Story

Violence is not the problem of

one neighborhood or group, and

the response and solutions are

not the responsibility of one

sector or one agency. Coming

together and owning this problem

and its solutions are central. ”

“

— Deborah Prothrow-Stith Charles R. Drew School of Medicine

www.preventioninstitute.org

Photo credit: Emily Barney

TOOLS

Developing Effective Coalitions:

The 8-Step Process

1. Analyze program objectives, determine whether

to form a coalition

2. Recruit the right people

3. Devise preliminary objectives and activities

4. Convene the coalition

5. Anticipate necessary resources

6. Develop a successful structure

7. Maintain coalition vitality

8. Improve through evaluation

The

Tension

of

Turf

Influencing Policy & Legislation

Changing Organizational Practices

Fostering Coalitions & Networks

Educating Providers

Promoting Community Education

The Spectrum of Prevention

Strengthening Individual Knowledge & Skills

www.preventioninstitute.org/unitylinks

Expertise Assets Desired Outcomes Strategies

Urban

Ag.

City

Council

Violence

Prev.

Public

Health

Phase I: Information-Gathering

NGOs

Expertise:

Desired Outcomes:

Key Strategies:

Criminal Justice

CJ

Expertise:

Desired Outcomes:

Key Strategies:

Health Care HC

Expertise:

Desired Outcomes:

Key Strategies:

Education

Expertise:

Desired Outcomes:

Key Strategies:

Shared Outcomes

Partner Strengths

Joint Strategies

ED NGO

Phase II:

Collaboration Multiplier Analysis

Leveraging Collaboration

Multiplier’s Impact to

Advance Violence Prevention

Efforts Internationally

Larry Cohen, MSW

Mego Lien, MPH, MIA Prevention Institute

Violence Prevention Alliance Annual

Meeting

September 6, 2016

Fern Tiger

Fern Tiger

Cc RIBI Image Library

www.preventioninstitute.org/publications

Proposed Objectives

To support efforts to reduce violence:

n Develop implementation toolkit and training materials for LMICs

Disseminate to practitioners and stakeholders in LMICs

Align tools and training materials with SDGs

Proposed Activities

Advisory group from VPA membership representing LMICs

Outreach to key UN partners

Literature scan

Survey VPA

Draft materials

Stakeholder review and finalize materials

Dissemination and web-based trainings

For Discussion

Thoughts on the proposal? Any

suggested additions, modifications?

Where could this tool be used?

How could we spread the word?

Who would be helpful—e.g. funding,

examples, dissemination?

Relationship to Violence

Violence injures, maims and kills people

before they’ve lived a full life

Violence increases the risk of other poor

health outcomes and is a health inequity

Communities cannot be healthy unless they are

safe

Public Health

Why Prevent Violence?

Save money for this sectors, for patients and

for taxpayers

Reduce re-injury, pain and suffering

Positive multiplier effect

Stronger partnerships, expanded referral

networks and improved health outcomes

Public Health

What Can

Public Health

Do?

Prevent violence

on your own &

with others

Champion the Importance of Preventing Violence

Make the case, reiterate it is possible to prevent violence

Serve as a Resource on the Public Health Approach

Train public health staff and other sectors

Build community capacity and support mobilization

Develop a high-profile website for residents to access

resources that help prevent violence locally

Embed Prevention Strategies in the Department

Prioritize activities, services and funding for populations

and communities at greatest risk for violence

Support Other Sectors in Preventing Violence

Facilitate data-sharing and utilization across

departments and with other agencies

Relationship to Violence

Violence and fear of violence:

Interferes with students’ learning and

decreases school attendance

Interferes with teaching and administration

Undermines community support for

quality schools

Reduces funding for schools

Schools

Why Prevent Violence?

A multi-sector effort to prevent violence would:

Free up school resources

Improve school safety

Mobilize community support for schools

Expand capacity to improve academic

outcomes for students most affected by

violence

Schools

What Can

Schools Do?

Prevent violence

on your own &

with others

Establish universal school-based programs that prevent

violence and cultivate social skills

Improve campus climate, and use data on students

Enter into a joint use agreement, so school facilities are

available for community use on evenings and weekends

Hire teachers and staff who reflect the local culture and

have strong community ties

Deliver trauma-informed education

Develop alternatives to suspension, such as restorative

justice, to replace zero-tolerance disciplinary policies

Relationship to Violence

Addressing violence is central to its mandate

Violence puts officers in harm’s way and at

risk for trauma

Responding to community violence is

expensive

A multi-sector effort to address violence

could help reduce recidivism

Criminal Justice

By sharing the responsibility

of addressing violence, the

criminal justice sector can focus

its expertise and resources

where they’re most needed.

— from Multi-Sector Partnerships

for Preventing Violence

”

“

What Are Roles

for Criminal

Justice?

Ways to support

efforts that

prevent violence

Roles for Criminal Justice

Insist on the need for a comprehensive approach

that includes prevention strategies

Prioritize community policing

Emphasize the value of community-police

relations

Prioritize re-entry efforts to minimize recidivism

and re-arrest

Everyone Has a Role

Roles for Criminal Justice

Share knowledge of crime prevention so other

sectors can integrate techniques into their work

Develop robust referral systems so officers can

connect residents to needed support services

Enhance alternatives to incarceration

With Other Sectors

www.preventioninstitute.org

221 Oak Street

Oakland, CA 94607

Tel: (510) 444-7738

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