collection and processing of crude drug

7/27/2019 Collection and Processing of Crude Drug

1/3

MUKESH KUMAR

COLLECTION AND PROCESSING OF CRUDE DRUG

Collection: Leaves and flowering tops collected before flowering stage:

e.g: Senna, digitalis, vinca, belladonna

Leaves of aloes collected when they are sufficiently thick Flowers collected before pollination:

e.g: saffron, clove buds

Barks are collected in spring or early summer when cambium is active, as it is easy to

detach them from stem Three methods to collect barks

(1) Felling: tree is cut at base and bark is peeled out

(2) uprooting: root are dug out and bark is stripped off from roots

(3) copping: bark is allow to grow for specific period and then cut off at specific

distance from soil

Copping is more economical and less time consuming

Cardamom fruit collected just before dehiscence (The spontaneous opening atmaturity of a plant structure )

Caraway, fennel, and coriander collected when they fully ripe Rhizomes are collected when they store sufficient food material and also contain

maximum content of chemical constitute

Acacia gum collected 2-3 week after making incision on this bark and when it is

sufficiently hard

Opium latex collected after coagulation of latex Turpentine oleo resin, balsam of peru collected when plant is 8-10 year old

Harvesting: Done according to type of deug to be harvested and pharmacopoeial standards which

need to be achieve

Digitalis, senna, tea, vinca harvested using hands not by machienebeating plant with

bamboos is used in case of clove Cochineal insect collected from tree by brushing


2/3

MUKESH KUMAR

Drying: For removal of water content from crude drug Make it resistant to microbes Inhibit partially enzymatic reaction In some case special attention is require like fermentation of cinnamomum zylenicum

bark

Drying can be of two types

(1) Natural (sun drying) :o Drying in shed

e.g: digitalis, clove senna, peppermint

o Drying in sun directly

e.g: gum acacia, seeds, fruits

(2) Artificial:

(a) Tray drying:o Use for those which do not contain volatile oilo Which are stable to heato If enzyme deactivation is requireo e.g: beladona roots, cinchona bark, tea and gums

(b) vaccum dryers:o for thrmolabile drugso e.g: tannic acid , digitalis

(c) spray drier:o use for those drugs which are highly sensitive to atmospheric conditiono e.g: papaya latex, pectin, tannins

Garbeling (dressing): desire when sand, dirt, foreign organic parts are require to be removed e.g: excessive stems in lobelia ad stramonium, stalks in case of cloves pieces of iron is removed by magnet in case of castor, vinca and senna

Packaging:


3/3

collection and processing of crude drug

Documents