collids by shashi bhusan rath
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Collids by shashi bhusan rath](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070518/58e4fce31a28abdf698b5b4d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
PURIFICATION PROCEDURES OF
COLLOIDS
Prepared By:Shashi Bhusan Rath
B.Pharm
![Page 2: Collids by shashi bhusan rath](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070518/58e4fce31a28abdf698b5b4d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Purification
It is the process of rendering something pure, i.e., clean of foreign elements.
The act of process of purifying or the removal of impurities.
![Page 3: Collids by shashi bhusan rath](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070518/58e4fce31a28abdf698b5b4d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Procedures
A particular method for performing a task. A series of small tasks or steps taken to
accomplish an end. Similar to METHOD, PROCESS & ROUTINE.
![Page 4: Collids by shashi bhusan rath](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070518/58e4fce31a28abdf698b5b4d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Colloids
A colloid is a substance in which microscopically dispersed insoluble particles are suspended throughout another substances.
Ex: Milk is an emulsified colloid of liquid butterfat globules dispersed within a water-based solution.
![Page 5: Collids by shashi bhusan rath](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070518/58e4fce31a28abdf698b5b4d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Example of Colloidal systems…
![Page 6: Collids by shashi bhusan rath](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070518/58e4fce31a28abdf698b5b4d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What is purification of collids?
The separation of constituents of the collidal solution with the help of any separation process such as centrifugation, dialysis,etc is known as Purification of Collids.
![Page 7: Collids by shashi bhusan rath](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070518/58e4fce31a28abdf698b5b4d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Why purification of collids?
When a collidal solution is prepared is often contains certain electrolytes which tend to destabile it that is why the purification of collids is done.
![Page 8: Collids by shashi bhusan rath](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070518/58e4fce31a28abdf698b5b4d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Procedure of Purification of Collids
The procedure or method for purification of collids are:-
DialysisElectro-dialysisUltrafiltrationCentrifugarion
![Page 9: Collids by shashi bhusan rath](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070518/58e4fce31a28abdf698b5b4d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Dialysis A method of separating molecules or
particles of different sizes by differential diffusion through semi-permeable memebrane is known as Dialysis.
The process of separating particles of collid from those of crystalloid by means of diffusion through a suitable membrane is called Dialysis.
Thomas Graham (chemist), the founder of dialysis and father of colloid chemistry.
![Page 10: Collids by shashi bhusan rath](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070518/58e4fce31a28abdf698b5b4d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Principle or Technique of Dialysis
Its principle based upon the fact that collidal particles can not pass through membrane while the ions of electrolyte can pass through it.
This process is based on the fact that membranes contain very small pores through which only dissolved molecules and ions of the true solution can pass readily.
![Page 11: Collids by shashi bhusan rath](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070518/58e4fce31a28abdf698b5b4d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Continue.....
The impurities slowly diffused out the bag leaving behind pure collidal solution.
The fresh or distilled water is changed frequently to avoid accumulation of the crystalloids other wise they may start diffusing back into the bag.
![Page 12: Collids by shashi bhusan rath](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070518/58e4fce31a28abdf698b5b4d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Figure Representation….
![Page 13: Collids by shashi bhusan rath](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070518/58e4fce31a28abdf698b5b4d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Application of Dialysis…
Used in purifying blood through a membrane.
Can be used for removing HCL from the Ferric Hydroxide 80%.
![Page 14: Collids by shashi bhusan rath](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070518/58e4fce31a28abdf698b5b4d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Electro-dialysis
To increase the process of purification the dialysis is carried out by applying electric field. This process is called electrodialysis.
Electrodialysis is done in the presence of an electric potential across the membrane especially one using an ion selective membrane.
![Page 15: Collids by shashi bhusan rath](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070518/58e4fce31a28abdf698b5b4d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Principle of Electodialysis…
Used when the substances being removed is an electrolyte, substance is removed under an electronic field.
The electolyte ions pass through the membrane due to electrostatic pull of oppositely charges electrodes.
![Page 16: Collids by shashi bhusan rath](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070518/58e4fce31a28abdf698b5b4d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Figure Representation….
![Page 17: Collids by shashi bhusan rath](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070518/58e4fce31a28abdf698b5b4d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Application.... The important application of
electrodialysis process in the artificial kindney machine used for purification of blood of the patients whose kidneys have failed to work.
The artificial kidney machines work on the priciple of dialysis.
It is also used for deionization the aqueous solution.
Used for Glycerin purification.
![Page 18: Collids by shashi bhusan rath](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070518/58e4fce31a28abdf698b5b4d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Simple Mechanism…..
![Page 19: Collids by shashi bhusan rath](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070518/58e4fce31a28abdf698b5b4d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Ultra-filtration It is a filtration in which forces like pressure
leads to a separation through a semi-permeable membrane.
Filtration which only allows small molecules through semi-permeable membrane.
Here colloids are separated from crystalloids with the help of ultra filter paper.
The ultra filter paper was obtained by treating simple filter paper with gelatin.
In this ultra filter paper the pores are less or narrow in size through which only crystalloids particles can pass.
![Page 20: Collids by shashi bhusan rath](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070518/58e4fce31a28abdf698b5b4d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Figure Representation….
![Page 21: Collids by shashi bhusan rath](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070518/58e4fce31a28abdf698b5b4d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Centrifugation
Impurities are removed from colloids with the help of a machine of high speed called centrifugal machine. Colloids settle down while impurities remains in centrifuge.
![Page 22: Collids by shashi bhusan rath](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070518/58e4fce31a28abdf698b5b4d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Figure Representation….
![Page 23: Collids by shashi bhusan rath](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070518/58e4fce31a28abdf698b5b4d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)