colloque ensm, marseille, 17-18 january 2012...colloque, page 3 . marseille . who we are •the a.p....

Colloque ENSM, Marseille, 17-18 January 2012

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Contents

• Introduction

• CO2 emissions and future targets

• Energy efficiency and emission reduction

• Tankers

• Containerships

• Design and operational measures

• Determination of EEOI

Slide no. 2 Colloque, Marseille


‘View/Header and Footer…’ Colloque,

Marseille PAGE 3

Who we are

• The A.P. Moller - Maersk Group is a diversified conglomerate, founded in 1904 by Mr A.P. Møller

• 110,000 employees and operations in more than 130 countries

• Business segments: • Container shipping, Logistics

• Tankers

• Offshore supply

• Tugs, salvage

• Container terminals

• Drilling and FPSOs

• Oil and gas production

• Retail activities

• Other companies


‘View/Header and Footer…’ Colloque, Marseille

S.S. Svendborg, 1904: first vessel in the Maersk fleet

Robert Maersk, 1920: first vessel delivered by Odense Steel

Shipyard

Leise Maersk, 1921: first motor vessel delivered by OSS

Emma Maersk, 1928: first tanker in the fleet

Gertrude Maersk, 1930: first purpose built liner vessel (OSS)

Henning Maersk, 1945: first fully welded vessel (OSS)

Eli Maersk, 1966: first ship with waste heat

recovery system (OSS)

Historical development of the Maersk fleet

Slide no. 4


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Eleo Maersk, 1993: world’s first double hull

tanker (OSS)

Svendborg Maersk, 1974: first container

ship (1815 TEU)

Novel vessels in the Maersk fleet

World records in shipuilding:

• Regina Mærsk: 1996, official capacity 6,000 TEU

• Sovereign Mærsk: 1997, official capacity 6,600 TEU

• Emma Mærsk: 2006, capacity 15,500 TEU

Slide no. 5



Ambitious Targets on GHG Reductions …

Relative emission targets

• Maersk Line:

25% reduction of g CO2 per

TEU-km from 2007 to 2020

• Maersk Tankers:

15% reduction per tonne-

km from 2007 to 2015

50

60

70

80

90

100

2007 2008 2009 2010

CO

2 in

dex w

rt

20

07

% CO2 per TEU-km since 2007 Maersk Line fleet

Colloque, Marseille Slide no. 6


‘View/Header and Footer…’ Slide no. 7 Colloque, Marseille

Hull form optimization

Reference Hull

Optimized Hull,

Bulbous Bow

Optimized Hull,

Vertical Bow



Reference Vessel

New Vessel

Bulbous Bow

New Vessel

Vertical Bow

Bulbous Bow: Minimize Wave Restistance



Optimized Aft Body Improves Wake Field

Wake Field for Reference Vessel

• Large variation in wake velocities in way of

Propeller Disk.

Wake Field for New Aft Body

• Reduced variation in wake velocities in way of

Propeller Disk ensures better propeller design

and performance



Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI)

Formula:

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000

EED

I [g

-CO

2 /

DW

T-n

m]

DWT [tonnes]

IMO EEDI Base Line - Tankers

IMO EEDI Base Line for Tankers

Reference Vessel - MAERSK EDWARD

K-Class Vessels

R-Class Vessels

New Vessel - Bulbous Bow



Innovation projects on the Maersk fleet

Slide no. 11

Laura Maersk

HT Pump optimization

Roy Maersk

CLT Propeller

Maersk Kalmar

Biofuel

Olivia Maersk

Air lubrication

Alexander Maersk

Exhaust gas recirculation

Gudrun Maersk

Main eng. cooling systems

Clementine Maersk

CRS autologging and

performance prediction

Maersk Attender

Crane pendulation

Maersk Belfast

Water based hydraulics

Thurø Maersk

BWTS testing

Maersk Kendal

Ventilation optimization

Jeppesen Maersk

Auto-tuning of main engine

Emma Maersk

Aux. engine waste

heat

Arthur Maersk

Cylinder lube oil reduction

Maersk Kate

Propeller boss cap fin

Colloque, Marseille



Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator

EEOI = gCO2/tonne x nm


Considerations for setting

targets

• Fuel efficiency

• Utilization

• Operational efficiency

• Asset management

• Time chartered fleet

• Baseline data



Commercial

Utilisation # fixtures

Speed Assets

Operational

Speed Harbour Efficiency

Virtual Arrival

distance

Technical Fuel Efficiency Optimization Innovation

EEOI

grams CO2 tonnes cargo × distance

tonnes cargo

grams CO2



‘View/Header and Footer…’ Slide no. 14

Speed and drafts of one vessel during 1 year

Average speed

Average draft

Colloque, Marseille


‘View/Header and Footer…’ Slide no. 15

Colloque,

Marseille

EEOI (1 months)

EEOI (voyage leg)

EEOI of one vessel during 1 year

1 month EEOI

12 month EEOI



Average fleet EEOI

Slide no. 16

• Suggest 12 month rolling average per vessel

• Methodology for inputs to be confirmed

• Any particular vessel is rated against pool average

• Maersk Tankers is working with other Tanker companies to create an online EEOI

database with a rating scheme similar to current one on www.shippingefficiency.org

Colloque, Marseille

1, 6 and 12 month average for all vessels in same segment

http://www.shippingefficiency.org/



Energy Efficiency - Examples of how we minimize Energy Consumption of the Fleet

Systems (~5%) Electronically controlled engine Auto tuning of main engines Pumps and ventilation systems De-rating of main engine Turbo-charger cut out

Operation (~5%) Voyage Planning and Execution Vessel Performance Management Service - Optimisation of main and auxiliary engines

- Minimising of basic load consumption

- Optimisation of cylinder oil consumption

- Monitoring of antifouling paint

- Cleaning of hull and propeller

Optimum trim guidance for all vessel classes

Ballast water optimisation

New buildings (~20%) Waste Heat Recovery System Super long stroke engines Hull and propeller optimised for

operational profile

Reefer Containers Low energy reefer containers ~ 30% saving per reefer container




• Recover approx. 10% of engine

output

• Reduction of fuel consumption and

exhaust gas emissions by 10%

Waste heat recovery from main engine




Maersk Line – Super Slow Steaming development

• Although the full rollout of Super Slow

Steaming was introduced fleet wide in

January 2009, the process had started two

years earlier, as shown above.



‘View/Header and Footer…’ PAGE 20

Operational profile vinter 2007/8

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

0 12 16 18 20 22 23 24 25 26

Vessel speed [kn]

Pe

rce

nt

op

era

tin

g h

rs

Operational profile vinter 2008/9

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

0 12 15 18 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

Vessel speed [kn]

Pe

rce

nt

op

era

tin

g h

rs

Index

Capacity per vessel, TEU*km 100

Yearly FOC per vessel 100

NOx emission g/[TEU*km] 100

Index

Capacity per vessel, TEU*km 91,4

Yearly FOC per vessel 80,7

NOx emission g/[TEU*km] 87,5

Ex 1: Actual operational data winter 2007-2008 Average of 8 vessels over 6 months Average speed 22.1 kn

Ex 2: Actual operational data winter 2008-2009 Averaged over 6 months Average speed 20.2 kn

• Slow steaming does not exclude sailing at higher speeds – speed

reserve is necessary to compensate for delays or conduct certain

network legs at high speed. Flexibility is key.

Slow Steaming: change in engine load profile

Colloque, Marseille



Sulfur regulations in 2015 and 2020 (2025*)

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

2027 2026 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018

5.0

2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2017 2010 2009

4.5

4.0

3.5

2011

IMO Global

EU at berth

* 2020 reduction may be delayed to 2025 subject to review of fuel availability in 2018

** ECA areas comprise Baltics, North Sea and UK Channel. From Mid 2012 they also include North America

Year

Sulphur limit, %

Overview of main sulphur limit regulations

Order of magn.

cost increase for

fleet

(Mill USD/year)

$ x mill $x00 mill $x,000 mill

Mid 2012:

Expansion of ECA

to include NAM**

IMO Emission

Control Areas

(ECA)




ECA Operation

• ECA Operation is defined as the average percentage of

time spent in an Emission Control Area, where it is

required to switch to Low Sulphur fuel (LSFO) or use

equivalent (abatement) measures to reduce SOx

emissions

• Abatement technologies allow continued operation with

HFO

• CAPEX, OPEX (increased fuel consumption)

• Two most common wet scrubber types: straight

through-flow and Venturi type:



TripleE Class




EEE Dimensions

• Length: 400 m

• Beam: 59 m

• Height: 73 m

• Capacity: 18,000 TEU




EEE: Technology driven design • Larger block coefficient

• Hull lines optimized for operational profile

• Split machinery and accommodation

• Twin skeg design

• Super-long-stroke engines

• Waste heat recovery

• High efficiency pumps, ventilation, etc.

• 98% recyclable materials




Thank you for your attention


colloque ensm, marseille, 17-18 january 2012...colloque, page 3 . marseille . who we are •the a.p....

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