colon cancer (inggirs)

8/12/2019 Colon Cancer (Inggirs)

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Colon cancer

Septi rahadian

030-10-249


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What is colon cancer?

Colon cancer is cancer that occurs in the cells of the colon that starts in

the large intestine (colon) or the rectum (end of the colon).

Stage of colon cancer :

-Stage 0: Very early cancer on the innermost layer of the intestine

-Stage I: Cancer is in the inner layers of the colon

-Stage II: Cancer has spread through the muscle wall of the colon

-Stage III: Cancer has spread to the lymph nodes

-Stage IV: Cancer has spread to other organs


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Etiology

Age

Diabetes

Diet

Genetics

Lack of exercise

Obesity

Personal medical history

smoking


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Epidemiologyinsidence rates


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Epidemiologydeath rates


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Symptoms

Blood in stool

Thin stool

Constipation Abdominal pain

Fatigue

Feeling like you have to empty your bowel,even when you dont


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Diagnosis

A person with colon cancer will be diagnosed in one

of two ways:

It is found on a routine screening test.

Symptoms lead a person to the doctor, and tests to findthe cause of the symptoms reveal colon cancer.

Ideally, every case of colon cancer would be found withroutine screening. This is because in the early stages,

people with colon cancer typically have no symptomsat all, and colon cancer is most curable when foundearly, at the time itsleast likely to cause symptoms.


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Diagnosis

Anyway, There are several different tests to

look for colon cancer. Tests that are used to

make a colon cancer diagnosis include:

Flexible sigmoidoscopy

Colonoscopy

Double contrast barium enema (DCBE) Fecal occult blood test (FOBT)


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Treatment

Colon Cancer Surgery

Stage 0 colon cancer may be treated by removing thecancer cells, often during a colonoscopy. For stages I, II,and III cancer, more extensive surgery is needed toremove the part of the colon that is cancerous.

Chemotherapy

Almost all patients with stage III colon cancer shouldreceive chemotherapy after surgery for approximately6 - 8 months. Chemotherapy is also used to improvesymptoms and prolong survival in patients with stageIV colon cancer.


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Treatment

Radiation Therapy

Although radiation therapy is occasionally used in patients withcolon cancer, it is usually used in combination with chemotherapyfor patients with stage III rectal cancer. For patients with stage IVdisease that has spread to the liver, various treatments directed

specifically at the liver can be used.This may include:

-Burning the cancer (ablation)

-Delivering chemotherapy or radiation directly into the liver

-Freezing the cancer (cryotherapy)

-Surgery


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Prevention

Get Screened

Exercise Regularly

Eat Right Maintain a Healthy Body Weight and Shape

Avoid Tobacco and Don't Smoke


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CONCLUSION

Colorectal cancer is cancer that occurs in thecolon or rectum. Colon cancer affects men andwomen of all racial and ethnic groups, and ismost often found in people aged 50 years or

older. In the United States, it is the third mostcommon cancer for men and women. Of cancersthat affect both men and women, colon cancer isthe second leading cancer killer in the United

States, but it doesn't have to be. If everybodyaged 50 or older had regular screening tests, asmany as 60% of deaths from colon cancer couldbe prevented.


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colon cancer (inggirs)

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