Colonial Beginnings

RoanokeThe Lost Colony

Gov. John White made 2 trips to Virginia

1st trip – check out the area 2nd trip – bring 100 settlers for settlement

Food was scarce…many starved to death

RoanokeThe Lost Colony

White returned to England to get supplies

When he returned, he found NOTHING…nosigns of civilization

The only clue…“CRO”carved in tree

CRO

Jamestown, Virginia Why is Jamestown so important? It was the

1st permanent English settlement

Named in honor of King James

Chartered by the Virginia Company

Motivation forsettlement – gold/silver

Problems: Area low-lying/swampy (mosquitos

carried malaria) Summers – hot & humid Winters – bitter cold; settlers arrived

too late to plant crops Attacks from the

Natives

By the end of the first year only 38 of 103 settlers were alive

Gentlemen were “too good” to work…they were there to search for gold ($$$)

The colony desperately needed leadership…and John Smith stepped up

JOHN SMITH Ruthless man

Arrived during the 2nd winter (1608)

Created work ethic among the colonists – “Work or die” during this “starving time”

Smith kept notes that were made into a book

He was captured by the Powhatan Indians. His life was spared when he befriended Pocahontas.

A gunpowder accident caused John Smith toreturn to England.

JOHN ROLFE

John Rolfe takes over and brings 800 more settlers with him to Jamestown

He becomes the 1st successful European tobacco farmer

Tobacco caused increased problems with the Natives.

Why? Planting tobacco fields meant expanding the size of the Jamestown colony

John Rolfe meets and marries Pocahontas

She becomes a Christian and is baptized as Rebecca

Rolfe returns to England with Rebecca when he is summoned by the Virginia Company

Jamestown Housing

House of Burgesses 1st representative government in

the New World – allowed for elected officials to represent colonists

Created local laws

Dutch ships bring in Africans to work tobacco crops in Jamestown

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BACON’s REBELLION (#31-40)

Separatists Better known as the Pilgrims

Separated from the Church of England

Fled to Holland…and were dissatisfied w/ Holland

Contacted the Virginia Company regarding sailing to New World

Mayflower 35 of the 102 passengers were Separatists

(the others were commoners from England)

Leader – William Bradford

Sailed for 66 days

What did they have to eat? Nothing but cheese, hard bread, fish, beer

Were sailing to Plymouth

Mayflower Compact A storm blew them off course,

and they landed outside the Virginia Company limits in which later became Massachusetts

– this meant their charter was no good

A compact was created – established laws for the good of the colony

Created self-government (majority rule) – ”civil government”

8 males did not sign – they were under 15 or indentured servants