2007-2-7 IGU 1

Color Reproduction on High Density Printing

Doosan Chung, DaimuYasuhira,

Nippon Heihan Kizai Takei, IGU Kinoshita2007-02-07

2007-2-7 IGU 2

１、 IntroductionWeb Offset Test

ＩＰＣＣ（Ｉｎｔｅｒｇｏｖｅｒｍｅｎｔａｌ Ｐａｎｅｌ Climate Change)Sustainability

　　１、 Yellow Ink (Red Shift)２、 Magenta, Cyan３、 RI Tester４、 Ink Transfer Model５、 CMS６、 Korea Color vs. Japan Color７、 High Density Printing (Nova Space, Wide Color)

2007-2-7 IGU 3

２、 Preliminary Experimental （ Photo1)

RI Tester （ Akira Manufacturing Co.)

2007-2-7 IGU 4

３、 Calibration by X-Rite ５３０S （ Photo2)

N01No2

No3 No4

No5Size=24× ５　cm

※ Ink : 韓國特殊 INK 工業　 ；両面 Art 　 Paper

2007-2-7 IGU 5

４、 ResultsInk Transfer (mg) from paper weight

　 sheetsY

Difference

M Differ C Differ

1 0.16 0.12 0.14

2 0.12 0.06 0.11

3 0.06 0.07 0.12

4 0.04 0.05 0.1

5 0.02 0.02 0.06

2007-2-7 IGU 6

Ink Transfer Quantity原色インキ転移量

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

1 2 3 4 5回数

重量（ｇ）

Y DifferM DifferC Differ

2007-2-7 IGU 7

Fig.1 Yellow Ink Transfer modified Quantity

Y ink 修正値 インキ転移量

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

1 2 3 4 5回数

重量（ｇ）

Ymod Differ

M Differ

C Differ

2007-2-7 IGU 8

Table1 Yellow Ink L*,a*,b* & Density

Yellow

Sheets

L* a* b* c* HA D

1 84.44 4.35 108.51108.

687.7 1.44

3 86.03 0.10 95.20 95.289.9

81.14

5 87.44 -2.57 92.03 92.191.5

51.04

2007-2-7 IGU 9

Yellow Ink DensityYellow 0.1CC 0.15CC 0.2CC 0.25CC

1 Grip 1.44 1.57 1,69 1.72Middle 1.42 1.61 1.71 1.76

End 1.38 1.60 1.69 1.71Ave 1.41 1.59 1.70 1.73 ２ Grip 1.27 1.46 1.62 1.66

Middle 1.31 1.51 1.61 1.66End 1.30 1.51 1.61 1.69Ave 1.29 1.49 1.61 1.67 ３ Grip 1.14 1.35 1.52 1.60

Middle 1.21 1.41 1.51 1.61End 1.16 1.37 1.54 1.63Ave 1.17 1.38 1.52 1.61４ Grip 1.06 1.27 1.42 1.55Middle 1.08 1.30 1.47 1.53

End 1.04 1.28 1.49 1.53Ave 1.06 1.28 1.46 1.54 ５ Grip 1.04 1.24 1.38 1.46

Middle 1.03 1.21 1.35 1.45End 1.06 1.23 1.37 1.47Ave 1.04 1.23 1.37 1.46

2007-2-7 IGU 10

Fig.1-2 Variation of Yellow Density

Y 濃度値の変化

1.41

1.29

1.17

1.06 1.04

1.731.67

1.611.54

1.46

1.001.10

1.201.30

1.401.50

1.601.70

1.80

1 Ave 2 Ave 3 Ave 4 Ave 5 AveSheets

Den

sity

0.1CC0.15CC0.2CC0.25CC

2007-2-7 IGU 11

Yellow Chromaticity magnified

Yellow 色度 部分

4.35

0.10

- 2.57

9092949698

100102104106108110

-4 -2 0 2 4 6a*

b*

1

3

5

2007-2-7 IGU 12

Yellow ChromaticityYellow 色度 全体

0102030405060708090

100110120

-4 -2 0 2 4 6

a*

b*

1 =1.44

3=1.145=1.04

2007-2-7 IGU 13

Yellow No5 Sheet Chromaticity

Yellow No.5 Sheet Chromaticity

80.00

85.00

90.00

95.00

100.00

105.00

110.00

115.00

- 4.00 - 2.00 0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00

a*

b*

0.1cc

0.15cc

0.2cc0.25cc

2007-2-7 IGU 14

Yellow 　 Density & Hue AngleYellow D & HA

1.281.29 1.371.38

1.411.461.49

1.521.541.59

1.611.61

1.70

1.73

1.46

1.67

1.041.06

1.231.17

y = - 11.308x + 103.54R2 = 0.9708

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

0.80 0.90 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80

D

HA

2007-2-7 IGU 15

Fig.2 Yellow 　 Density & ｃ＊Yellow D & c* 多項式近似曲線

1.17

1.23

1.28

1.371.38

1.411.49

1.521.54 1.59

1.611.61 1.701.73

1.29

1.46

1.67

1.46

1.041.06

y = -42.269x2 + 152.41x - 23.011

R2 = 0.9924

90

92

9496

98

100

102

104

106108

110

112

114

1.00 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80

D

c*

2007-2-7 IGU 16

Magenta No.5 Sample

NO.5 50.1CC 0.15CC 0.2CC 0.25CC Weight

Density 1.31 1.82 2.04 2.18 Printing 前L* 50.09 44.47 42.09 40.50 9.71ga* 72.02 77.04 76.67 75.99 Printing 後b* -2.65 10.03 19.57 27.55 9.73g

Density 1.32 1.82 2.04 2.20L* 49.64 44.14 42.32 40.28a* 71.36 76.49 76.94 75.75b* -2.63 10.12 19.12 27.59

Density 1.35 1.84 2.07 2.17L* 49.35 43.72 41.87 40.56a* 72.37 76.25 76.73 76.05b* -1.48 11.58 20.18 28.11

2

3

1

2007-2-7 IGU 17

Variation of Magenta DensityM濃度値の変化

1.85

1.731.67

1.55

1.33

2.462.36 2.32

2.242.18

y = -0.1233x + 1.9953

R2 = 0.951

y = -0.068x + 2.5193

R2 = 0.9863

1.30

1.40

1.50

1.60

1.70

1.80

1.90

2.00

2.10

2.20

2.30

2.40

2.50

1 2 3 4 5

Sheets

Den

sity

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

(0.1)線形 (0.25)線形

2007-2-7 IGU 18

Magenta No1,No3 & No5 Sample

M 色度図

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

a*

b*

１

３

５

2007-2-7 IGU 19

Fig.3 Magenta Density & Hue AngleMagenta D & HA 多項式近似

1.85

1.73

1.67

2.27

2.21

2.16

1.99

1.83

2.38

2.31

2.24

2.18

2.05

2.46

2.36

2.32

2.24

2.18

1.55

1.33

y = 22.763x2 - 53.929x + 31.311R2 = 0.9706

- 5

-

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6

D

HA

360

355

350

2007-2-7 IGU 20

Magenta Density & c*Magenta D & c*

1.851.73

2.27

2.21

2.161.83

2.38

2.31

2.242.18

2.05

2.46

1.55

1.33

1.67

1.99 2.18

2.242.32

2.36

y = 13.833x + 51.906R2 = 0.8803

70

72

74

76

78

80

82

84

86

88

90

1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6

D

c*

2007-2-7 IGU 21

Cyan No5 Density

Cyan 3 0.1CC 0.15CC 0.2CC 0.25CC ３ Grip 1.49 1.77 2.23 2.28

Middle 1.54 1.86 2.18 2.26End 1.50 1.90 2.22 2.28Ave 1.51 1.84 2.21 2.27

2007-2-7 IGU 22

Cyan No1,3 & 5 Density & ChromaticityDensity 1.89

L* 45.35a* -23.39b* -59.21

Density 1.49L* 50.28a* -27.90b* -54.06

Density 1.45L* 52.76a* -31.25b* -52.82

1

3

5

2007-2-7 IGU 23

Cyan Chromaticity Diagram

Cyan 色度図

-60

-59

-58

-57

-56

-55

-54

-53

-52-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0

a*

b*

1

3

5

2007-2-7 IGU 24

Fig.4 Cyan Density & Hue AngleCyan D & HA 多項式近似曲線

1.95

1.76

2.16

2.03

1.841.79

1.76

2.24

2.21

2.09

2.00

2.37

2.31

2.09

2.34

2.27

2.19

1.431.51

1.45

y = 22.735x2 - 62.019x + 283.33R2 = 0.9575

235

240

245

250

255

260

265

270

1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40

D

HA

2007-2-7 IGU 25

Cyan Density & ｃ＊Cyan D & c*

1.95

1.762.16

2.03

1.84

1.791.76

2.34

2.242.21

2.092.00

2.372.31

2.272.192.09

1.43

1.451.51

y = - 11.244x2 + 45.576x + 17.678R2 = 0.7499

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40

D

c*

2007-2-7 IGU 26

Y,M,C Chromaticity & Density Value

Y L* a* b* c* D1 84.44 4.35 108.51 108.6 1.443 86.03 0.10 95.20 95.2 1.145 87.44 -2.57 92.03 92.1 1.04M L* a* b* c* D1 42.31 75.34 19.11 77.7 1.853 45.65 75.86 7.19 76.2 1.675 50.09 72.02 -2.65 72.1 1.34C L* a* b* c* D1 45.35 -23.39 -59.21 63.7 1.953 50.28 -27.90 -54.06 60.8 1.515 52.76 -31.25 -52.82 61.4 1.45

2007-2-7 IGU 27

Table 2 　 Correlation 　 L* & c* for Density 　 and 　 HA

Y L* c* D HA1 84.44 108.6 1.44 87.73 86.03 95.2 1.14 89.95 87.44 92.1 1.04 91.6γ -0.970 0.998M L* c* D HA1 42.31 77.7 1.85 14.23 45.65 76.2 1.67 5.45 50.09 72.1 1.34 357.9γ -0.996 0.996C L* c* D HA1 45.35 63.7 1.95 248.53 50.28 60.8 1.51 242.75 52.76 61.4 1.45 239.4γ -0.975 0.958

2007-2-7 IGU 28

Y,M,C Chromaticity Diagram

色度図Red1, Blue3, Green5

72

0

- 31- 28

76

- 3

- 23

75

4

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100

a*

b*

2007-2-7 IGU 29

Fig.5 RI Tester No.5 & JCP2001

No5 Sheet & J CP2001

16.0

- 70.0

66.0

- 31.25- 36.0

72.02

72.0

- 2.57- 7.0

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

-80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80

a*

b*

2007-2-7 IGU 30

Nova Space Image From Daimu

2007-2-7 IGU 31

RI Tester No.1,No.5 & NovaSpace

RITester No1.No5 & Novaspace

- 42

78

- 3.1

25

- 70

68

72.02

- 31.25

- 2.57

- 23.39

75.34

4.35

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-100 -50 0 50 100

a*

b*

2007-2-7 IGU 32

Fig.6 　 Nova space, Wide Color & RI Tester No.3

Novaspace ,Wide Color & RI Tester No3

78

- 37

- 5.4

40

- 71

66

- 70

- 4225

78

68

- 3.1

- 27.90

75.86

0.10

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100

2007-2-7 IGU 33

Photo3 　 Comparison with Wide Color(A1) & 175 Line(A2) Printed Image

2007-2-7 IGU 34

A1-A2 c*& HA Difference

A!- A2 c* HA Difference＆

4.05.6

21.2

2.1

6.1

0.6

-5.2

-0.8

13.3

-3.8

5.7

- 0.5

- 10

- 5

-

5

10

15

20

25

C M Y B G R

Color

Diff

eren

ce

c*A1- A2HA A1- A2

2007-2-7 IGU 35

Table4 Comparison with NS and Wide Color

NS L* a* b* c* ΔEC 50 - 42 - 46 62.27 8.5M 48 78 - 12.3 78.47 4.5Y 85 - 3.1 106 105.87 6.7B 21 25 - 54 59.19 17.2G 43 - 70 26 74.25 6.3R 47 68 51 85.15 7.2

Heidel A1 L a b c*C 54 - 37 - 51 62.95M 52 78 - 12.9 78.99Y 88 - 5.4 100 100.31

B 21 40 - 62 74.03G 47 - 71 31 76.83R 50 66 58 87.99

2007-2-7 IGU 36

Table3 　 RI Tester No.5 CMY & JCP2001

RI Tester No.5 CMY & J CP2001RI Tester L＊ a＊ b＊ c＊ HA Δ E

C 52.76 -31.25 -52.82 61.37 239.42 6.22M 50.09 72.02 -2.65 72.07 357.89 5.61Y 87.44 -2.57 92.03 92.07 91.60 4.66

J CP2001 L＊ a＊ b＊ c＊ HAC 54.0 - 36.0 - 49.0 60.8 233.72 M 45.0 72.0 - 5.0 72.2 356.03 Y 86.0 - 7.0 92.0 92.3 94.35

2007-2-7 IGU 37

Yellow 　 Magnified Color Diagram （ J,K)Nova Space, Wide Color,JCP2001,Doosan, RI Tester

Yellow Color Diagram(J ,K)

-1.8D-1.12

-2.6D-9.28

-5.4WCNo1

-3.1NS

-7.0J CP2001

0.1RINo5

4.4RINo.3

80

85

90

95

100

105

110

-8.0 -6.0 -4.0 -2.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0

a*

b*

2007-2-7 IGU 38

Red 　 Magnified Color Diagram （ J,K)Nova Space, Wide Color,JCP2001,Doosan

Red Color Diagram

66.4D-9.28

67.0D-1.12

66.7A2

66.2A1

67.8NS

66.0J CP2001

45

47

49

51

53

55

57

59

66 66 67 67 68 68

a*

b*

2007-2-7 IGU 39

Y,M,C Equations From Graph Polynomial expression approximate curve (D-HA)

y C= 22.735x2 - 62.019x + 283.33

R2 = 0.9575yM = 22.763x2 - 53.929x + 3

1.311R2 = 0.9706

y Y= -7.5322x2 + 9.6369x + 89.284

R2 = 0.9887

Cyan D & HA 多項式近似曲線

1.95

1.76

2.16

2.03

1.841.79

1.76

2.24

2.21

2.09

2.00

2.37

2.31

2.09

2.34

2.27

2.19

1.431.51

1.45

y = 22.735x2 - 62.019x + 283.33R2 = 0.9575

235

240

245

250

255

260

265

270

1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40

D

HA

Magenta D & HA 多項式近似

1.85

1.73

1.67

2.27

2.21

2.16

1.99

1.83

2.38

2.31

2.24

2.18

2.05

2.46

2.36

2.32

2.24

2.18

1.55

1.33

y = 22.763x2 - 53.929x + 31.311R2 = 0.9706

- 5

-

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6

D

HA

360

355

350

Yellow D & HA

1.281.29 1.371.38

1.411.461.49

1.521.541.59

1.611.61

1.70

1.73

1.46

1.67

1.041.06

1.231.17

y = - 7.5322x2 + 9.6369x + 89.284R2 = 0.9887

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

0.80 0.90 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80

D

HA

2007-2-7 IGU 40

c*-L* Diagram

色調図 No5 Sheet ,Blue line=Cyan,Red line=Magent,Greenline=Yelow

95

766461

78

109

7261

92

010

2030

405060

7080

90100

- 20 40 60 80 100 120

c*

L*

other dots No.1,No3

2007-2-7 IGU 41

５、 Summary

１、 Correlation for Density Value of Yellow ink (Y) is high for c* and reverse for L*& HA.２、 Increasing Y Ink trend to reddish.3、 These correlations between Ink density & chro

ma on Y,M,C are order of Y>M>C.4、 The a* minus values of chromaticity Y are unde

r Density=1.5、 The 2nd~4th sheets of each ink are stable in ink t

ransfer.6、 The 2nd Experiment of low density is necessary.