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Nuclear Families Biological parents andtheir offspring areLEGALLY PROTECTED

The parents has thefreedom to direct theupbringing andeducation of children

(Meyer v. State ofNebraska, 1925, p. 399)

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Single Parent Families There are more singlemothers than fathers.

Divorce is one of themain cause of havingsingle parent families.

Many homes headed by

single mothers areeconomically poor.

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Single Parent Families The lack or loss ofincome to a family affectswhere children live andgo to school.

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Single - Parent Families Povertys most importanteffect on children is theirstatuswith peers.

Not only do they lack the

advantages others assume as theirrights but often they never evenconsider attending college becauseno one they know has considered it.

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Single Parent Families Single fathers are muchfewer, and less likely tobe poor.

The fatherscommunicate MOREfrequently with theirchildren than didtraditional fathers.

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Post Divorce Families(bi-residential)

Where children mustlive in two householdssimultaneously.

Children face a difficultsituation as they learn toadapt to at least twosystems of rules as wellas a variety of roles.

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Post Divorce Families(bi-residential)

How to make post-divorce, bi-

residential, co

parentingsuccesful?

1. Authoritative parentingstyles.

2. Continued communication

of warmth towards the child.3. Maintaining mutual interest

and mutual involvement inthe childs life.

4. Responsiveness to the childsgrowing needs.

5. Effective management ofconflict.

(Lewis, Johnson-Reitz, & Wallerstein, 2004)

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Custodial Grandparenting Grandparents providemuch of the nurturancethat parents would

traditionally give.Adults who return to

their childhood homes,with or without their

children, are reffered toas BoomerangChildren

(Vogl-Bauer, 2009)

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Custodial Grandparenting Given recent increases inunemployment and homeforeclosures, the numbers ofboomerang children and

their children are gettinghigher.

Grandparents who take onparenting role reportedlower satisfaction with

grandparenting and areduced sense of wellbeing. (Shore & Hayslip,

1995)

Most custodialgrandparenting is inresponse to distress in thenuclear family.

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Custodial Grandparenting When triad ofgrandparent, parent andchild are equally linked in

these configurations, thenmost parties are satisfied.

When grandmother is thelink between child andparent, she expresses high

satisfaction.

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Custodial Grandparenting When the child is the linkbetween parent andgrandparent, grandmother

expresses lowersatisfaction.

Whats most important isthat thismiddle position isunhealthy for the child.

If the appropriateauthoritative party thegrandparent who is the

caregiver links the familytriad, then outcomes arefairly positive.

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Custodial Grandparenting Most grandparents wouldprefer simply to beGRANDPARENTS to

have freedom to spoil theirgrandchildren and stillhave their own adult lives.