Common Sense 1 • The land of diversity

• The present population

of India: More than a billion.

• Almost certain that population of India will surpass that of China by 2050.

• Eighty per cent of India’s population: Hindus.

Four Classes & More than a Hundred Castes

• Dalit : ‘The suppressed one’; more than a hundred million untouchables.

• Gandhi called them the ‘children of God’

• Discrimination against them is illegal now.

Common Sense 2 • The biggest problem of India:

Hinduism vs Islam. • Islam: The second biggest

religion in India; more than a hundred and fifty million followers Except for the ancient Greece, India was the only country where logic was developed.

• Curry doesn’t exist, but masala (mixed spices) does.

• The anglicized word ‘curry’ originated from the Tamil word ‘kari’ (black pepper).

Common Sense 3-1 • The basic language of Indian Civilization: Sanskrit

• The most famous Indian classic: <Bhagavadgita>

• The most famous philosopher: Shankara (eighth century CE)

• The most famous poet: Kalidasa (fourth century CE)

Common Sense 3-2

• Bollywood: The second biggest movie industry in the world; Bombay+Hollywood

• Huge economic potential: English or Math.

Indian Geography 1

• The North: Aryan culture; the South: Dravidian culture

• India looks like an inverted triangle in a map.

Varanasi

Kolkata

Agra

Mumbai

Decan Plateau

Hinduism 1

• The two sources of Hinduism: Indus Valley Civilization & Aryan culture

• The oldest scripture: <Rigveda>

• Hinduism ⊅ Sikhism • A Hindu should

accept the authority of the Veda.

힌두교 (Hinduism) 2

힌두교

Hinduism

Shaivism

Shaktism Vaishnavism

Hinduism 3-1

Vaishnavism: Vishnu is the Supreme God.

Shaivism: Shiva is the Supreme God.

Shaktism: Devi (Goddess) is the Supreme Deity (Derived from

Hinduism 3-2

Bhakti: Vaishnavism (love or devotion to God)

Tantra: Shaivism & Shaktism (based on human desires)

Jainism

• 3.5 million Jains • The founder of

Jainism : Mahavira (lived a little earlier than the Buddha)

• Famous for asceticism & non-violence (Ahimsa).

Buddhism • The founder of Buddhism:

Shakhyamuni (sixth century BCE)

• Famous for various meditations & non-violence

• Now Jains < Buddhists in India

• Indian Buddhism: Officially ended in the land of its origin in 1307 CE with destruction of Vikramashila monastery by muslims of the Central Asian origin.

Indian History 1

• Indus Valley Civilization (climax: 2300 ~ 2000 BCE ), found by excavation in 1921.

• Centered on Mohenjodaro & Harappa> Developed around the fertile plain of the Indus Valley in Pakistan.

Indian History 2 • The Aryans invaded the

northern plain of India from the central Asia through the mountainous passes of Afganistan in 1500 BCE.

• Vedic Sanskrit developed into Classical Sanskrit; Indo-European language group

• Conquered indigenous Dravidians and made them slaves- the four classes were established.

• Aryan Civilization: established in Southern India by the sixth century.

Indian History 3-1

• Alexander the Great’s armies had retreated from northern India in 326 BCE.

• The Influence of Hellenism.

Indian History 3-2

• 321 BCE The Mauryan Dynasty:

• Founded by Chandragupta Maurya

• The first empire in Indian history

• Its golden age was accomplished by the famous Buddhist emperor Ashoka.

Indian History 3-3

321 CE. The Gupta

Dynasty • Hinduism as a

national religion • The golden age of

classical Indian Civilization.

Indian History 4-1

• Islam invasion from about

700 CE through the

northwestern frontier.

The religion and culture of

Islam have changed India.

• Since then, Islam prevailed

Northern India.

• The Chola dynasty

dominated Southern India

about 800 CE.

인도의 역사 4-2 • 1526 CE

The Mughal empire: founded by

• Babur (Tiger). • The most powerful

empire in Indian history • Akbar (the third

emperor ): The greatest emperor in the Mughal dynasty (tried to reconcile Hinduism with Islam). Taj Mahal: The most celebrated heritage of the Mughal empire.

Indian History 5-1

• From about 1690 CE • Portugal:

based on Goa. • The Great Britain:

Controlled India for about 250 years

인도의 역사 5-2 • Gandhi: Non-violence

(ahimsa)

• India was divided into India and Pakistan in 1947, the year of her independence

• Maintained for more than 50 years as the largest democratic country in the world.

• Recent years, spotlighted as one of the leading countries in the world for the future IT industry.

Indian Food 1-1

• The staple of Indian food: crops

• Rice in the South, wheat in the north – roti (bread) Basmati rice (fragrant rice) is particularly famous.

Indian Food 1-2 • Southern India:

Vegetarianism Southern Indian food is hard to get in South Korea. (dosa, etc.)

• Punjabi food: Most of Indian food in South Korea (Tandori chicken, Nan, Chicken Tikka

• Chai : The most universal beverage

• Beef and pork are taboos.

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