COMMUNICATION SKILLS

THEIR PURPOSE & IMPORTANCE

Communication

DEFINITION:0Sending, giving, or exchanging information and ideas,

which is often expressed nonverbally and verbally. 0The activity of communicating or the activity of

conveying Information.0A collection of allowing access between person or

places.0Something that is communicated by or to or between

people.

Communication

Communication is commonly defined as "the imparting or interchange of thoughts, opinions, or information by speech, writing, or signs". Although there is such a thing as one-way communication, communication can be perceived better as a two-way process in which there is an exchange and progression of thoughts, feelings or ideas (energy) towards a mutually accepted goal or direction.

Communication

0Communication is a process whereby information is enclosed in a package and is channeled and imparted by a sender to a receiver via some medium. The receiver then decodes the message and gives the sender a feedback. All forms of communication require a sender, a message, and a receiver.

Purpose of Communication

0Communication is a method that allows people to exchange information by one of numerous methods. There are hearing means, such as words or singing, and nonverbal, material means, such as body talking, sign language, paralanguage, feel or eye contact. Communication is timothy by which in sequence is exchanged flanked by or among individuals through a ordinary system of symbols, signs, and performance.

Purpose of Communication

0As a course, communication has synonyms such as expressing outlook, conversing, verbal communication, corresponding, inscription, listening and exchanging. People communicate to satisfy needs in together their work and non-work lives.

0People want to be heard, to be appreciated and to be wanted. They also desire to complete tasks and to achieve goals. Obviously, then, a major purpose of communication is to help people feel good about themselves and concerning their friends, groups, and organizations.

Purpose of Communication

0To Initiate some Actions.

0 Imparting Information.

0Establishing Relations.

Importance of Communication

0 The importance of communication can be summed up in only a few words :

0 Happiness 0 Success 0 Harmonious relationships with the people around you

Benefits of effective communication :0 Rewarding and harmonious relationships with others 0 Easily build rapport with clients, customers, friends, new

acquaintances 0 Getting what you want 0 More time for yourself and others 0 Satisfaction and success in life

Importance of Communication

Failing to communicate effectively :It is often our failure to communicate effectively that leads to :0Professional setbacks 0Personal disappointment 0Breakdown of important relationships 0Wasting energy and time on frustration and dramas 0Not reaching our full potential

TYPES OF COMMUNICATION SKILLS:

There are four types of communication skills:0Listening skill0Speaking skill0Reading skill0Writing skill

Listening Skills

0Listening is the ability to understand the spoken words.

0 It involves understanding of a speech, accent or pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary and also grasping the meaning.

045% persons involve in listening.

Listening Skill

0Natural Skill:Listening is a natural skill. For natural skills a person need not to have a academic background. A child or person learns these skill through his natural interaction with the society.

Listening Skill

0Listening proceeds speaking because a child first listens and then speaks. So,0 Listening is input.0 Speaking is output

Kinds of listening:

0 Intensive listening.0Extensive listening.

Intensive listening:

0 Intensive listening is concerned with just one or two specific points.

Extensive listening:

0Extensive listening implies exposure to a wide variety of structures and sounds. It is also known as comprehension listening.

Process of listening:

0Hearing.0Understanding.0 Judging.

Hearing:

0 Just enough to catch words what the speaker is saying.

Understanding:

0 In your own way.0Meet to meet.0Sight to sight.

Judging:

0Which you hear is it make sense.

Importance:

0It is important because,0We listen praise of Allah for getting spiritual

satisfaction.0We listen with a purpose.0A child first listen then speak.0It may not need any academic career.0We listen to know each other ideas.0We listen while attending a lecture.0We listen to get information from T.V and Radio.0We listen for getting professional advice from doctors,

psychologist and professors.

How can improve listening skill:

0Full attention.0Make sure your mind is focused.0Let the speaker finish before you begin to

speak.0Let yourself finish listening before you begin

to speak.0Listen for more ideas.0Ask queries.0Take notes.0Give feedback.

• Ability to express thoughts orally by using the physical speaking apparatus (e.g., mouth, teeth, tongue, vocal cords)

• More then just pronouncing words.

Definition of Speaking

Speaking Situations• InteractiveThis involves face-to-face conversations or telephone calls, in which we speak alternatively and can ask questions and clarifications.• Partially interactiveSituations like giving a speech to a live audience, where the audience does not interrupt the speech. The speaker nevertheless can see the audience and judge from their expression how much they are interested they are.• Non-interactiveFew speaking situations may be totally non-interactive, such as when recording a speech for a radio broadcast .

0Forming:-Organizing your thoughts and ideas you want to convey.

Speaking Process

0Analyzing:-Giving your ideas a logical sequence.

Speaking Process

0Producing meaningful speech:-Speaking all ideas in your mind in a logical

sequence to produce a meaningful speech for audience to convey your message.

Speaking Process

Definition of writing skill;

Writing is the representation of language in a textual medium through the use of a set of signs or symbols.

Writing is an extension of human language across time and space.

Writing most likely began as a consequence of political expansion in ancient cultures, which needed reliable means for transmitting information, maintaining financial accounts, keeping historical records, and similar activities.

Introduction of Writing;

Writing is the expression of language in the form of letters, symbols, or words. The primary purpose of writing is communication.

People have used many tools for writing including paint, pencils, pens, typewriters, and computers. The writing can be formed on the wall of a cave, a piece of paper, or a computer screen.

The writing process includes prewriting, composing, revising, editing, and publishing. There are many kinds of writing such as expository, narrative, descriptive, imaginative, and persuasive. Literature is a type of writing that includes poetry, novels, plays, and short stories.

Writing Styles;

There are two styles of writing..

Formal

Informal

Formal Writing;

Formal writing is less personal and more objective than informal writing.

Formal writing is almost always targeted at an audience that has existing knowledge on a topic. Whether it is an academic paper or a business report, the key is to know how much existing knowledge those who are to read the publication possess.

when writing in a formal style is to not use contractions (e.g. 'don’t' or 'can’t'). Make sure you fully expand your words, such as ‘do not’ or ‘cannot’.

Cont.….

Formal styles dictate that writing should most often be done in the third person;

Business and academic writing – two main styles of formal writing – may seem similar, there are distinct differences.

One of the major divergences between these two writing styles is that often academic writing takes place to convey findings, results, and conclusions to other academics. Most often, the publication is an invitation to other academics to critically analyze or debate the findings.

In business, however, writing is often straight to the point: here are the facts and this is what we need to do. It makes for a more ‘to the point’ style of writing.

Informal Writing;

In formal writing, it is important that you steer clear of slang and colorful words that you’d normally find in a creative writing publication. These types of words, however, are fine in an informal setting.

In informal writing, particularly online content, it is acceptable – and sometimes essential – to use short sentences.

In formal settings, complexity in writing is not only fine but is often required.

Cont.…..

In formal writing, it is generally necessary to remain objective and not be seen as emotive.

Instead of using an active voice, formal writing sometimes requires that the passive voice be used. For example, don’t write ‘we are concerned that’, instead write ‘there has been concern that’.

It can be difficult to know what is right and what is wrong when writing for different audiences. This is particularly the case when you are constantly writing for different audiences that require different writing styles.

Introduction of Reading Skills

0Reading skills enable readers to turn writing into meaning and achieve the goal of independent, comprehension and fluency.

0Reading skills are specific abilities which enable a reader to reveal the written form as meaningful language.

0To mentally intact with the message.

Styles Of Reading

0There are two styles of reading which we use in different situations.

1. Scanning0 scanning is a technique you often use when looking up

a word in the telephone book or dictionary. you search for key word or ideas. In most cases, you know what you are looking for, so you are concentrating on finding a particular answer.

Cont.…

0Scanning involves moving your eyes quickly down the page seeking specific word or phrases. once you have scanned the document, you might go back and skim it.

2. Skimming0Skimming is used to quickly identify the main ideas of

a text. Skimming is done at a speed three to four times faster than normal reading.

Cont.…

0People often skim when they have lots of material to read in a limited amount of time. Use skimming when you want to see if an article may be of interest in your research.

0Skimming works well to find dates, names, and places. It might be used to review graphs, tables, and charts.

THE SQ3R techniques

5 STEPS:

0SURVEY0QUESTION0READ 0RECITE0REVIEW

THE SQ3R techniques

STEP 1 – SURVEYPreview the article or chapter:0Study the title – a short summary0Read the first & last paragraphs0Look over headings and subheadings0Explore the text by briefly review pictures, diagrams,

and graphs.

THE SQ3R techniques

STEP 2 – QUESTIONConvert the first heading in the selection into a question or a series of questions

For example: If the heading is: “The Uses of Plants in Cities”You could make that into: “What are the uses of plants in cities?”

THE SQ3R techniques

STEP 3 – READAs you read, make up more questions:0What is the main idea in this paragraph?0What are supporting examples?

Then read to find the answers to your questions.

THE SQ3R techniques

STEP4 – RECITE

0After completing a section of reading, look away and see if you can recite the answers to your questions.

0This will help you see exactly what you know and what you don’t know

THE SQ3R techniques

STEP 5 – REVIEW

0After you complete all the sections, review the entire selection.

0See if you can recite the answers to your questions