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Community Engagement and Impactful Social Entrepreneurship
Albert Chu-Ying Teo [email protected]
NUS Business School and Chua Thian Poh Community Leadership Programme October 25, 2013
3 dimensions of social entrepreneurship
Sociality Innovation
Market orientation
Source: Alex Nicholls & Albert Cho (2006)
3 dimensions of social entrepreneurship
Source: Alex Nicholls & Albert Cho (2006)
• Sociality – Solving social problem, & creating social value
• Innovation – Being innovative, breaking patterns, & changing
systems • Market orientation
– Being entrepreneurial, taking advantage of opportunities, accepting risks, being resourceful, & practicing leveraging
Principles of impactful social entrepreneurship
• Principle 1 – Understand aspirations, dreams and
motivations of members of community
Principles of impactful social entrepreneurship
• Principle 2 – Understand priority, not just needs, of
members of community – Community members have many needs, but
they have only one priority – Based on identified priority, then scope
specific social problem to address
Source: Nora Lester Murad (2011)
Principles of impactful social entrepreneurship
• Principle 3 – Move beyond needs-based community
development – Practice asset-based community
development
Source: Alison Mathie & Gord Cunningham (2003)
Principles of impactful social entrepreneurship
• Principle 3 – Needs-based community development does
not encourage community to be self-reliant – Needs-based community development
causes community members to see themselves as deficient and incapable of taking charge of their lives and community
Source: Alison Mathie & Gord Cunningham (2003)
Principles of impactful social entrepreneurship
• Principle 3 – Asset-based community development
identifies and mobilizes community members’ assets, and creates opportunities
– Asset-based community development recognizes that community members’ capacities and their associations can be harnessed to build powerful community
Source: Alison Mathie & Gord Cunningham (2003)
Principles of impactful social entrepreneurship
• Principle 3 – Examples of community assets
• Individuals’ skills, expertise & knowledge • Individuals’ life experience & stories • Individuals’ personal income • Families’ history • Families’ customs, rituals & myths • Families’ cuisine • Families’ crafts & technologies
Principles of impactful social entrepreneurship
• Principle 3 – Examples of community assets
• Kinship ties & social networks • Citizens & business associations, &
cultural & religious organizations, & financial institutions
• Businesses (e.g., shops, factories & farms)
• Services (e.g., education, healthcare, transport, water supply & sanitation)
Principles of impactful social entrepreneurship
• Principle 3 – Examples of community assets
• Physical structures & spaces (e.g., houses, schools, libraries, religious buildings, hospitals, markets, shopping centers, cultural centers, recreation centers & parks)
• Natural assets (e.g., forests, mountains, wetlands, rivers, lakes, flora & fauna)
Principles of impactful social entrepreneurship
• Principle 3 – Asset-Based Community Development
Institute, Northwestern University http://www.abcdinstitute.org/ http://www.abcdinstitute.org/publications/ http://www.abcdinstitute.org/resources/
Principles of impactful social entrepreneurship
• Principle 3 – Indianapolis Neighborhood Resource
Center http://www.inrc.org/ http://www.inrc.org/resources/publications/
Principles of impactful social entrepreneurship
• Principle 4 – Obtain buy-in from community members for
planned intervention program – Buy-in ensures wholehearted participation in
intervention program by community members
Principles of impactful social entrepreneurship
• Principle 5 – Obtain buy-in from stakeholders (e.g.,
government, businesses, non-profits) for planned intervention program
– Buy-in ensures contribution of resources by stakeholders to support intervention program
Principles of impactful social entrepreneurship
• Principle 6 – Create conditions necessary for community
members to empower themselves and to live with dignity
– Community developer does not empower community members
– Community developer is only facilitator and catalyst for social change
Source: Pamela Hartigan (2008)
Social entrepreneurship in Singapore
• Teen Challenge Enterprises http://www.teenchallenge.org.sg/our-centres/dare-centre/ – Activities
• House & office removal services – Beneficiaries
• Ex-offenders, young offenders & recovering substance abusers
Social entrepreneurship in Singapore
• Circus In Motion http://circusinmotion.net/
– Activities • Social circus
workshops • Circus performances
– Beneficiaries • At-risk youth & children
Social entrepreneurship in Singapore
• O School http://www.oschool.com.sg/
– Activities • Street dance classes
– Beneficiaries • Out-of-school youth who are talented in
street dance
Social entrepreneurship in Singapore
• A-changin http://www.alteration.com.sg/
– Activity • Garment alteration
– Beneficiaries • Disadvantaged women
Social entrepreneurship in Taiwan
• Y-Mu Plant Dyeing http://www.y-mu.com.tw/
– Activities • Bags, cushions, hats, stuffed toys, gift
items, etc., made from traditionally dyed fabrics
– Beneficiaries • Rural ‘community mothers’
Social entrepreneurship in Taiwan
• Shihkang Traditional Food Store http://www.hakka-food.com.tw/
– Activities • Traditional Hakka dishes • Traditional Hakka cakes, rice dumplings,
sauces, etc. – Beneficiaries
• Rural ‘community mothers’
Social entrepreneurship in Taiwan
• Taomi Nature Preservation and Ecotourism Association http://www.taomi.tw/
– Activities • Eco-tours • Bed and breakfast lodgings • Restaurants
– Beneficiaries • Rural community members
Social entrepreneurship in China
• Shokay http://www.shokay.com/
– Activities • Production of handcrafted accessories
& home items from yak down – Beneficiaries
• Ethnic Tibetan villagers & disadvantaged ethnic Chinese communities
Social entrepreneurship in the Philippines
• Rags2Riches http://rags2riches.ph/
– Activity • Production of handcrafted accessories &
home items from scrap fabric materials – Beneficiaries
• Women from poor urban communities
Social entrepreneurship in Vietnam
• Bloom Microventures Vietnam http://www.bloom-microventures.org/vietnam/
– Activities • Tours to rural Vietnam • Transmission of money raised from tours to
villagers as loans – Beneficiaries
• Villagers
Social entrepreneurship in India
• Fabindia http://www.fabindia.com/
– Activities • Retail of textile-based products, home
products, organic food products & personal care products, that are handmade using traditional techniques
– Beneficiaries • Craft-based rural producers
Social entrepreneurship in India
• Shri Mahila Griha Udyog Lijjat Papad http://www.lijjat.com/
– Activities • Production of papad, chapati, khakhra,
appalam, masala, vadi, gehu atta, & bakery products
• Production of detergent powder, detergent cakes, & liquid detergent
– Beneficiaries • Women from poor communities
Social entrepreneurship: Essential steps to take
• Understand the community you want to help – Needs & priority – Aspirations, dreams & motivations – Assets – Environment (e.g., economic, social, cultural,
political, legal, technological, & natural factors) – Stakeholders (e.g., community leaders,
government, non-governmental organizations, & businesses)
Social entrepreneurship: Essential steps to take
• Based on community’s priority, scope specific social problem to address
• Based on community’s aspirations & assets, identify potential social enterprise ideas, & opportunities that they present
• Communicate ideas & opportunities to community • Work with community to select most feasible idea • Develop business plan for selected idea