comparative digestion systems & processes
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Comparative Digestion Systems & Processes. Modified by Ashlee Gibson. The Digestion Process. Food is broken down Animals have digestive systems adapted to the foods that they consume Four types of digestive systems _____________________________________ _____________________________________ - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Comparative Digestion Systems & Processes
Modified by Ashlee Gibson
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The Digestion Process
• Food is broken down• Animals have digestive systems adapted to the
foods that they consume• Four types of digestive systems
– _____________________________________– _____________________________________– _____________________________________– ______________________________________
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Ruminant Digestive System
Modified to handle the breakdown of large amounts of
_________________
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Ruminant Digestive System
• Mouth– no upper ___________________, hard palate– molars for grinding coarse vegetation– saliva does not contain ___________________
• _______________________________– muscular tube connecting the mouth to the
stomach
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Ruminant Digestive SystemsThe Four Compartmented Stomach
• Rumen: storage area and _______________________________
• Reticulum: nails and wire may be found here-_____________________ stomach
• Omasum: eliminates excess ___________from feed
• Abomasum: true stomach, _____________ and __________________ are secreted
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Ruminant Digestive Systems
Stomach (cont.)• _______________: first step in rumination
– large quantities of roughage are consumed and are chewed just enough to swallow
– after swallowing, regurgitation (“cud chewing”) takes place, food is re-chewed
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Ruminant Digestive System
• Small Intestine– connects stomach to large intestine– ______________________________________– contains bile and pancreatic juices– pushes food through by muscle contractions
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Ruminant Digestive System
• Large Intestine– Contains Cecum, Colon and Rectum
• ____________________: sac at junction of small intestine and large intestine
• Colon and rectum: at end of system– not as long as small intestine, but larger in
diameter– water and some nutrient absorption occurs here– where residue solidifies before excretion
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Monogastric Digestive System
Characterized by inability to digest roughage efficiently
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Monogastric Digestive System
• Mouth– has upper and lower incisors– ________________________ secreted which
breaks down nutrients• Esophagus
– connects mouth to stomach
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Monogastric Digestive System
• Stomach – secretes _________________________ to
break down nutrients– enzymes such as ______________ also
secreted here– churning action mixes food
• Small and Large Intestine• function just as in ruminant systems
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Avian Digestive Systems
Characterized by several organs not found in other species that are
adapted for grinding hard or encased food
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Avian Digestive Systems
• Mouth – ____________________________________– Salivation excretion ____________________
• Esophagus – has a modification called the _____________
which stores and moistens food– connects mouth and stomach
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Avian Digestive Systems
• Stomach– Contains two parts
• _______________________________: same as monogastric stomach and provides digestive excretions
• _______________________________: located after proventriculus, very muscular, used to grind food
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Avian Digestive Systems• Small Intestine
– similar functions as in ruminants and monogastric systems• Large Intestine
– similar functions as in ruminants and monogastric systems– _____________________ chamber into which urinary and
genital canals open– ___________________ aids in fiber digestion and
absorption
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Equine Digestive Systems
Characterized by non-ruminant animals that consume and digest
feeds high in fiber
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Equine Digestive Systems
• Mouth – intact top and bottom incisors– molars adapted to chewing fibrous feeds– no digestive enzymes in saliva
• Esophagus– not well adapted for _____________________– connects mouth and stomach
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Equine Digestive System
• Stomach– similar to monogastric system
• Small intestine– similar to monogastric and ruminant systems– ____________________ to store bile – enlarged _______________ to aid in fiber
breakdown
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Equine Digestive System
• Large Intestine – similar to monogastric systems– _________________________ (at junction of
small and large intestines) and colon take up most of the volume of the equine digestive system
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