Comparison of ground-based FTIR measurements and EMAC model simulations of trace-gases columns near St. Petersburg (Russia) in 2009-2012Yana Virolainen (1), Maria Makarova (1), Dmitry Ionov (1), Alexander Polyakov (1), Oliver Kirner (2), Yury Timofeyev (1), Anatoly Poberovsky (1), and Hamud

Imhasin (1)(1)St.Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, (2) Steinbuch Centre for Computing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe,

Germany

Instrumentation

solar FTIR-spectrometer Bruker 125HR

Spectral resolutio

n~0.005 cm-1

LocationPeterhof - St. Petersburg (59.88 N, 29.82 E)

Time series 2009-2012

Gases Spectral windows, сm-1

Random error of

measurement

Influenced gases

H2O

1110.00-1113.001117.30-1117.901120.10-1122.001196.00-1200.401220.50-1221.501251.75-1253.00

0.9-1.3% N2O, CO2, CH4, O3

O3

991.25-993.801001.47-1003.041005.00-1006.901007.35-1009.001011.15-1013.55

1-2% H2O, CO2 , C2H4

ClONO2779.0-779.8780.0-780.3780.3-781.3

15-20% H2O, CO2, O3, HNO3, C2H2

HNO3867.00-869.60872.80-875.20 1-2% H2O, CO2, NO2

HCl2925.75-2926.002727.73-2727.832775.70-2775.802925.80-2926.00

2-5% CH4, H2O

CH42613.7-2615.42921.0–2921.62835.5-2835.8

0.3-0.5% H2O, HDO, CO2, NO2

CO2057.7-2058.0

2069.56-2069.762157.5-2159.15

1.1-1.4% O3,CO2,OCS,N2O,H2O

NO2 2914.590-2914.707 8-12% CH4, HDO

The EMAC model is a numerical chemistry and climate simulation system that includes sub-models describing troposphere and middle atmosphere processes and their interaction with oceans, land and human influences. The simulation includes a comprehensive atmospheric chemistry setup for the troposphere, the stratosphere and the lower mesosphere. We applied the EMAC (ECHAM5 version 5.3.01, MESSy version 1.10) in the T42L39MAresolution, i.e. with a spherical truncation of T42 (corresponding to a quadratic Gaussian grid of approximately 2.8 by 2.8 degrees in latitude and longitude) with 39 vertical hybrid pressure levels up to 0.01 hPa.

Gas (number of days)

Method Mean ± variability, cm-2

Bias ± SD, %

Correlation

coefficient

H2O (191)

FTIR (4.49±2.99) × 1022-3.1 ± 21.5

0.95±0.01EMAC (4.62±2.79) × 1022

O3 (189)FTIR (9.25±1.24) × 1018

-12.5 ± 8.2

0.91±0.01EMAC (10.4±1.7) × 1018

ClONO2 (89)

FTIR (1.12±0.50) × 1015-0.7 ± 32.5

0.70±0.06EMAC (1.13±0.41) × 1015

HNO3 (89)

FTIR (2.39±0.51) × 1016+33.2 ±

16.80.65±0.0

6EMAC (1.60±0.44) × 1016

HCl (309)FTIR (4.36±0.60) × 1015 +22 ±

8.10.81±0.0

2EMAC (3.40±0.44) × 1015

CH4 (232)FTIR (3.83±0.06) × 1019 +1.4 ±

1.00.82±0.0

2EMAC (3.77±0.04) × 1019

CO (452)FTIR (2.12±0.33) ×1018 +14.0 ±

5.70.93±0.0

1EMAC (1.82±0.31)×1018

NO2 (233)

FTIR (3.32±1.10) × 1015+14.1 ±

13.20.92±0.0

1EMAC (2.85±1.05) × 1015

Comparison of ground-based FTIR measurements and EMAC model simulations of trace-gases columns near St. Petersburg (Russia) in 2009-2012

Seasonal cycle

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 122009-2012

3,7x1019

3,8x1019

3,8x1019

3,9x1019

3,9x1019

4,0x1019

4,0x1019

CH

4 col

umn,

cm

-2

Monthly meanFTIR (232)EMAC (232)

0,511,522,53

(FTIR-E

MA

C)/FTIR

, %

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 122009-2012

4,0x1014

8,0x1014

1,2x1015

1,6x1015

2,0x1015

2,4x1015

ClO

NO

2 col

umn,

cm

-2 Monthly meanFTIR (191)EMAC (191)EMAC (all)

-30-20-1001020

(FTIR-E

MA

C)/FTIR

, %

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 122009-2012

8,0x1018

1,0x1019

1,2x1019

1,4x1019

Ozo

ne c

olum

n, c

m-2

Monthly meanFTIR (189)EMAC (189)EMAC (all)

-25-20-15-10-5

(FTIR-E

MA

C)/FTIR

, %

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 122009-2012

0,0x100

1,0x1015

2,0x1015

3,0x1015

4,0x1015

5,0x1015

NO

2 col

umn,

cm

-2

Monthly meanFTIR (233)EMAC (233)EMAC (all)

020406080

(FTIR-E

MA

C)/FTIR

, %

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 122009-2012

5,0x1015

1,0x1016

1,5x1016

2,0x1016

2,5x1016

3,0x1016

3,5x1016

HN

O3 c

olum

n, c

m-2

Monthly meanFTIR (89)EMAC (89)EMAC (all)

1020304050

(FTIR-E

MA

C)/FTIR

, %1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 122009-2012

2,5x1015

3,0x1015

3,5x1015

4,0x1015

4,5x1015

5,0x1015

HC

l col

umn,

cm

-2

Monthly meanFTIR (309)EMAC (309)EMAC (all)

51015202530

(FTIR-E

MA

C)/FTIR

, %

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 122009-2012

0,0x100

2,0x1022

4,0x1022

6,0x1022

8,0x1022

1,0x1023

H2O

col

umn,

cm

-2

Monthly meanFTIR (191)EMAC (191)EMAC (all)

-20-1001020

(FTIR-E

MA

C)/FTIR

, %

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 122009-2012

1,2x1018

1,6x1018

2,0x1018

2,4x1018

2,8x1018

CO

col

umn,

cm

-2

Monthly meanFTIR (452)EMAC (452)

101214161820

(FTIR-E

MA

C)/FTIR

, %

Comparison of ground-based FTIR measurements and EMAC model simulations of trace-gases columns near St. Petersburg (Russia) in 2009-2012

Distribution of gases total columns

8,0x1014 1,6x1015 2,4x1015

ClONO2 column, cm-2

0

5

10

15

20

25

Num

ber o

f day

s

FTIREMAC

8,0x1015 1,6x1016 2,4x1016 3,2x1016 4,0x1016 4,8x1016

HNO3 column, cm-2

0

10

20

30

40

Num

ber o

f day

s

FTIREMAC

6,0x1018 8,0x1018 1,0x1019 1,2x1019 1,4x1019

Ozone column, cm-2

0

10

20

30

40

Num

ber o

f day

s

FTIREMAC

8,0x1017 1,6x1018 2,4x1018 3,2x1018

CO, cm-2

0

40

80

120

Num

ber o

f day

s

FTIREMAC

3,6x1019 3,7x1019 3,8x1019 3,9x1019 4,0x1019 4,1x1019

Methane column, cm-2

0

20

40

60

80

Num

ber o

f day

s

FTIREMAC

0,0x100 2,0x1015 4,0x1015 6,0x1015 8,0x1015

NO2 column, cm-2

0

20

40

60

Num

ber o

f day

s

FTIREMAC

1,6x1015 3,2x1015 4,8x1015 6,4x1015

HCl column, cm-2

0

20

40

60

80

100

Num

ber o

f day

s

FTIREMAC

0,0x100 4,0x1022 8,0x1022 1,2x1023

H2O column, cm-2

0

10

20

30

40

Num

ber o

f day

s

FTIREMAC