comparison of nsge installations in the alpine …...deliverable d 2.2.1 project start: 15th...

Deliverable D 2.2.1 Project Start: 15th December 2015

GRETA is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space programme. Send us an email at [email protected] and see more about GRETA at www.alpine-space.eu/projects/greta.

Comparison of NSGE installations in the

Alpine region selected for reproducibility and

transferability relevance

Version: DRAFT (GRETA_WP2A22_D 2.2.1 Comparison of NSGE inst 06.docx)

Deliverable D2.2.1 – Comparison of NSGE installations in the Alpine region selected for

reproducibility and transferability relevance

16/12/2016 – 15/06/2017: Status quo analysis of existing NSGE systems comparing at least 10

cases relevant from procedural, public awareness raising potential, technical and legislative

points of view. The analysis highlights a set of criteria for the final guidelines.

The analysis highlights a

set of criteria for the

final guidelines.

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.alpine-space.eu/projects/greta



Deliverable D 2.2.1

GRETA is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space programme. See more about GRETA at www.alpine-space.eu/projects/greta.

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)

Table of contents INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 5

PARTNERS’ INVOLVEMENT ...................................................................................................................... 7

1 SELECTION OF NSGE CASES TO COMPARE ...................................................................................... 8

2 PROCEDURAL ASPECTS .................................................................................................................. 10

2.1 Visualization of administrative procedure ............................................................................ 11

2.1.1 Austria ........................................................................................................................... 11

2.1.2 France ............................................................................................................................ 13

2.1.3 Germany ........................................................................................................................ 14

2.1.4 Italy – “Regione Lombardia” .......................................................................................... 15

2.1.5 Italy – “Valle d’Aosta” .................................................................................................... 17

2.1.6 Slovenia ......................................................................................................................... 17

2.2 Administrative entities involved in the procedures .............................................................. 18

2.2.1 Austria ........................................................................................................................... 18

2.2.2 Germany ........................................................................................................................ 19

2.2.3 Italy – “Regione Lombardia” .......................................................................................... 20

2.2.4 Slovenia ......................................................................................................................... 21

3 PUBLIC AWARENESS POTENTIAL ................................................................................................... 22

3.1 Instructions for the administrative procedure in steps ........................................................ 22

3.2 Explanations in which cases NSGE would not be allowed .................................................... 24

3.3 Explanations what are/could be special conditions for NSGE design ................................... 25

3.4 Appointed time from the submission till the decision .......................................................... 26

3.5 Recommendations for the economic efficiency of NSGE systems ........................................ 27

3.6 Explanations what are the incentives and how to apply for subsidies ................................. 28

3.7 Presentations of NSGE potential to applicants (in form of maps, geological and geothermal

information, databases, presentation of good practice cases,… ) ................................................... 30

3.8 Officially recommended sites/links for additional information ............................................ 32

3.9 Different official sources containing contradicting information ........................................... 33

4 TECHNICAL POINTS OF PROCEDURES ............................................................................................ 33

5 REPRODUCIBILITY AND TRANSFERABILITY RELEVANCE ................................................................ 34

5.1 Good practices examples ...................................................................................................... 34




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5.2 Good practice recommendations .......................................................................................... 35

5.2.1 Content of official «Near Surface Geothermal Energy» information portal ................. 35

5.2.2 Special areas presentation ............................................................................................ 36

5.2.3 Special geological conditions explanations ................................................................... 37

5.2.4 Temperature threshold values ...................................................................................... 39

5.2.5 Minimum distances from other objects ........................................................................ 40

5.2.6 Techical data in application forms................................................................................. 40

6 LITERATURE ................................................................................................................................... 42

7 ANNEX – GRAPHICAL PRESENTATIONS OF ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES ................................ 43

7.1 Common legend of graphical elements in visualizations ...................................................... 43

7.2 Austria ................................................................................................................................... 44

7.3 France .................................................................................................................................... 45

7.4 Germany – Bayern ................................................................................................................. 46

7.5 Italy – Lombardia ................................................................................................................... 47

7.5.1 Regione Lomabardia - SHC and BHE .............................................................................. 47

7.5.2 Regione Lomabardia - GWHP ........................................................................................ 48

7.6 Italy – Valle d’Aosta ............................................................................................................... 49

7.7 Slovenia ................................................................................................................................. 50

7.8 Switzerland ............................................................................................................................ 51

8 ANNEX – TECHNICAL DATA REQUIRED IN APPLICATION FORMS IN COUNTRIES – COMPARED TO

DATA SET FOR “INSTALLATION REGISTER” PROPOSED BY REGEOCITIES PROJECT ............................... 52

8.1 Austria ................................................................................................................................... 54

8.2 France .................................................................................................................................... 56

8.3 Germany ................................................................................................................................ 57

8.4 Italy – VdAosta ....................................................................................................................... 58

8.5 Italy – R Lombardia ................................................................................................................ 59

8.6 Slovenia ................................................................................................................................. 60

8.7 Switzerland ............................................................................................................................ 62

9 ANNEX – OVERVIEW OF CRITERIA - SPECIFIC FOR FACILITATED PROCEDURE .............................. 64

9.1 Special areas – initial information from national and local regulations specific for facilitated

procedure .......................................................................................................................................... 64

9.2 Special geological conditions – specific for facilitated procedures ....................................... 65

9.3 Technical data – specific threshold values for facilitated procedures .................................. 66

9.4 Required distances ................................................................................................................ 68




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10 APPENDIX – SELECTED CASES AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES IN THE EXCEL FILE .......... 69




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Comparison of NSGE installations in the Alpine region selected for

reproducibility and transferability relevance

Introduction

Administrative procedures for NSGE installations can be significantly different from country to

country, between regions and even between near communities. The reason is that these procedures

arise from different historical, economic, social and environmental backgrounds. They are based on

different codes systems and thus direct comparison and transferability is not possible without

profound understanding of the complex background. Furthermore, various criteria and threshold

values in the decision procedures are set up conventionally. Some of them originate in actual specific

markets development. For example, the drilling depth limits can be based on actual knowledge of

deeper geological layers or on the other hand by the actual technology and performance of drilling.

Complexity of background conditions is essentially decreasing the understanding of procedures. This

is one of the most mentioned barriers for higher harmonization of administrative procedures. What

is harmonization of NSGE procedures, anyway?

It is the most convenient to demonstrate the differences between procedures by using real existing

cases. Therefore we selected 14 installations in the Alpine Space. In the first step we demonstrate

procedures for different systems in different administrative environments. In the second step we

present the availability and accessibility of information about these procedures. And finally in the

third step, we present recommendations for good practices. Understanding specialties and

recognizing good practices is a foundation stone for harmonization activities.

Main target groups of this deliverable are public authorities and sectoral agencies. By the aid of this

deliverable, they can better compare different regulation procedures and easier decide how to

improve actual practices. Harmonization does not mean inducing additional changes, but above all,

to make the procedures easier to learn and to implement, to make them adaptable to similar

objectives in varying situations and to support a joint sense of ownership of decisions and actions.

Description of deliverable

In the first chapter of the deliverable we select representative installations in GRETA project’s

partner countries to present as much as possible different systems and installations, as well as

different administrative environments.

Partners then present in detail the administrative procedures, using selected representative

installations, in the second chapter. Key steps and activities in the procedures are presented in the




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Excel file in the Appendix of this Deliverable (10 APPENDIX – Selected cases and administrative

procedures in the Excel file). There are also links to competent or consent authorities and application

forms that have to be applied for submissions. Administrative procedures are presented also in

graphical visualization. In the frame of this deliverable, we developed harmonized graphical elements

to provide as much as possible comparable visualizations of procedures. Visualizations are adapted

to one page format so, they can be used for readable presentations in brochures, web pages or

publications.

In the third chapter there is an overview of availability and accessibility of official information

regarding administrative procedures and incentives or assistance to NSGE project promoters. The

overview is made by countries or regions and also contains links to information sources, where good

practices of providing information can be found.

The next, 4th chapter is more technical regarding administrative procedures. It provides a review of

technical data that are required about the planned NSGE installation in different administrative

procedures. The reference sample of technical data set is taken from “Installation register” proposed

by former project REGEOCITIES. On such a way, it can be compared and analyzed whether required

data set covers what would be needed for ideally harmonized „one stop shop“ procedure? Are these

data a minimum for integrated permitting – monitoring – reporting tasks sharing between energy

and environmental sectors? Are these data redundant? Are these data a minimum for investor/user

to control the efficiency of the installation?

In the last, the 5th chapter of the deliverable, we present some recommendations for good practices.

These are recommendations about 1) content of official information portal, 2) presentations of

special areas and 3) short explanations of special geological conditions. Finally, there are

recommendations of 4) presenting the temperature threshold values, 5) required distances from

other objects and also 6) a recommendation of an ideally harmonized technical data set for

application form that would fit all the procedural and renewable energy sources reporting

requirements.




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Partners’ involvement

PP

Contact (name, e-mail)

1 TUM

Kai Zosseder

Fabian Böttcher

Marcellus Schulze (LfU) [email protected]

[email protected]

2 ARPA VdA Pietro Capodaglio [email protected]

3 GBA Magdalena Bottig

Doris Rupprecht

[email protected]

[email protected]

4 GeoZS Joerg Prestor

Simona Pestotnik

[email protected]

[email protected]

5 BRGM

Charles Maragna

Jean-Claude Martin

Pierre Durst

[email protected]

[email protected]

[email protected]

6 POLITO Alessandro Casasso [email protected]

7 EURAC Pietro Zambelli

Roberto Vaccaro

[email protected]

[email protected]

8 Triple S-GmbH

9 INDURA James Gilbert [email protected]

10 CA

11 Uni Basel Peter Huggenberger [email protected]

12 RL

Francesco Spinolo

Marta Padoan

Alessandro Baietto

[email protected]

[email protected]

[email protected]




mailto:[email protected]%[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]%[email protected]





mailto:[email protected]@geo-zs.si

mailto:[email protected]@geo-zs.si


mailto:[email protected]@brgm.fr

mailto:[email protected]@brgm.fr


mailto:[email protected]@eurac.edu

mailto:[email protected]@eurac.edu





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1 Selection of NSGE cases to compare

Every partner country surveyed and provided a list of examples of existing near-surface geothermal

energy plants for further selection of legislative procedures analysis. Together we have collected 14

legislative procedures, located inside and outside pilot areas, in touristic, industrial and residential

applications (Figure 1, Table 1).

Figure 1. Procedures examples collected in the Alpine Space area. (3 Italian are have to be added in the map)

Table 1. List of examples

Technique / system

Heating / Cooling / Domestic hot water

Short description of the case Country Altitude

1 BHE H/C/DHW Bus and train garage at Croviana (Val die Sole)

IT 1400 m

2 BHE H/DHW Hotel & pools, DHW-supply (Hotel Crystal)

AUT 1905 m

3 BHE H Bar (“Pit-stop”) IT 2400 m

4 BHE H Collective housing (Metz-Tessy, France) FRA 461 m

5 BHE H Industrial building (La Talaudière) FRA 507 m

6 BHE H Railway switch (Oberstdorf) GER 813 m

7 GWHP H Production hall and offices (company Euroclima)

AUT 1083 m

8 GWHP H/C ARSO (Ljubljana) SLO 300 m

9 GWHP H/C National interprofessional nordic center - heating, water cooling to produce snow (Kranj)

SLO 378 m

10 GWHP H/C Industrial building (Thônes) FRA 461 m

11 GWHP H/C Historical building "Maison Lostan", Aosta

IT 580 m

12 SHC H Chalet in winter sports region (Stiegeralm)

AUT 1487 m

13 SHC H/DHW Olympic swimming pool (Radovljica) SLO 439 m

14 Surface water use

H Lake-water-pool (Hotel Hochschober) AUT 1763 m




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Selected procedures are presenting different technologies (GWHP, BHE, SHC, SWHP). We have not

yet succeeded in getting examples for ATES, BTES and geostructures (e.g. energy piles) (Table 2).

Table 2. Number of examples from all partner countries

Country / Technique

GWHP BHE SHC SWHP BTES Geo-

structures

Total

AUT (GBA) 1 1 1 1

4

FRA (BRGM) 1 2

3

IT (ARPA, EURAC, RL)

1 2

3

SLO (GeoZS) 1 1 1

3

GER (TUM)

1

1

Total 4 7 2 1 0 0 14

According to the location of NSGE installations there are 11 of the 14 installations

embedded in hydro-geological risk environments, if we portray them on large scale maps (Table 3).

Two of them are located in conditions with very shallow water table where reinjection can be

problematic, of which one BHE and one GWHP installation. Five of them are located in conditions

with two or multiple aquifer layers, of which four BHE and one SHC. Two of them are located in

condition with unstable ground of which one BHE in anhydrite layers and one GWHP system in

landslide area. One of them, GWHP system is located in drinking water protection area. And finally

one BHE system is located in permafrost / glacier area.

Table 3. Number of examples embedded in hydro-geological risk environments, if we portray them on large scale maps.

Country / System GWHP BHE SHC Total

AUT (GBA)

1 1 2

FRA (BRGM) 1 2

3

IT (ARPA, EURAC)

2

2

SLO (GeoZS) 1 1 1 3

GER (TUM)

1

1

Total 3 6 2 11

Table 3 shows that one Slovenian installation - ARSO is situated in the water protected area. From

collected legislative procedures for Austria we can see that two installations – Hotel Crystal and

Stiegeralm are situated in the area whit two or multiple aquifer layers. For France we can see that

one installation (Metz-Tessy) is situated in the area with evaporites layers and one at landslides area

(Thones). For collected legislative procedure, one German installation is located in multiple aquifers

system area. For Italian part, one is located at multiple aquifers system area, the other at permafrost

area.




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Table 4. Installation of NSGE located in special geological conditions, protected areas or natural risk zones.

IT IT SLO AUT AUT FRA FRA GER

Criteria / Plant

Bu

s an

d t

rain

gar

age

at

Cro

vian

a (V

al d

ie S

ole

)

Bar

(“P

it-s

top

”)

AR

SO (

Lju

blja

na)

Ch

alet

in w

inte

r sp

ort

s

regi

on

(St

iege

ralm

)

Ho

tel &

po

ols

, DH

W-

sup

ply

(H

ote

l Cry

stal

)

Co

llect

ive

ho

usi

ng

(Met

z-

Tess

y, F

ran

ce)

Ind

ust

rial

bu

ildin

g

(Th

ôn

es)

Rai

lway

sw

itch

(Ob

erst

do

rf)

1_EURAC 2_ARPA 6_GeoZS 7_GBA 10_GBA 12_BRGM 13_BRGM 14_TUM

Spec

ial g

eolo

gica

l co

nd

itio

ns

15. Artesian aquifers

16. Very shallow water table where reinjection can be problematic

yes yes

17. Perched groundwater layers

18. Two or multiple aquifer layers

yes yes yes yes yes

19. Mineral water resources

20. Thermal water resources

21. Gas occurrences (a. gas; b. hydrocarbons)

22. Unstable ground (a. anhydrite; b. evaporites; c. ground movement / landslide; d. mining area; e. caverns)

yes (a.) yes (c.)

23. Contaminated soil

24. Karst area

Pro

tect

ed a

reas

25. Water protection area (WPA) (a. drinking water; b. Mineral water; c. Thermal water)

yes (a.)

26. Natura 2000 area

27. Nature protected ecosystem area

Nat

ura

l ris

k zo

nes

28. Flood and erosion areas

29. Landslide area

30. Riparian / coastal zone

31. Other areas (a. Permafrost / glacier areas: b. Earthquake risk)

yes (a.)

2 Procedural aspects

Renewable Energy Progress Report of EU Commission presented six measures that were used as

indicators showing how Member states progress in suppressing administrative barriers in renewable

energy resources development. The Renewable Energy Directive obligates Member States to outline,




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in their first progress report, whether they intended to (i) establish a single administrative body for

applications for renewable energy installations; (ii) provide for automatic approval of permit

applications where the authorizing body has not responded within the set time limits; (iii) and

indicate geographical locations suitable for exploitation of energy from renewable sources (European

Commission 2017, p. 11).

The report states that majority of Member states have established maximum time limits for

permitting procedures as well as facilitated procedures1 for small-scale projects, and most of them

identify geographical sites for renewable projects. An increasing number of Member States offer

project developers the possibility to submit online applications. However, barriers remain, e.g. for

one-stop shops or automatic permission granting after the deadline (European Commission 2017, p.

11). The latter is also absent in four of five Member states partners of the GRETA Alpine space

projects (Table 5).

Table 5. Abstract from Table 2: State of play of the availability of facilitated administrative procedures in EU Member

States in 2014 (source: Öko-Institut) (European Commission 2017, p. 12).

One stop shop

Online application

Maximum time limit

for procedures

Automatic permission

after deadline

Facilitated procedures

for small scale

producers

Identification of

geographical site

Austria absent existing absent absent existing absent

Germany existing existing existing existing existing existing

France existing existing existing absent existing existing

Italy existing absent existing absent existing absent

Slovenia absent absent absent absent absent absent

2.1 Visualization of administrative procedure

Visualization of administrative procedure shows essential steps in the procedure. Steps are

presented as the most significant actions, options, criteria and decisions, but also milestones during

the design of installation.

Visualization helps to compare and understand differences and common characteristics of

procedures in different environments. It also helps to clearly present the role and meaning of

“facilitated procedure” as a shortcut and its aid to the effectiveness of actions.

2.1.1 Austria (See Chapter 7.2 Austria, p. 44 and APPENDIX – Selected cases and administrative procedures in the

Excel file.)

1 Facilitated procedures are named, in everyday practices, also: «Notification», «Declaration»,

«Simplified procedure», «Evidenced use», ...




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The legal instrument is represented by the Austrian Water Act 1959. The Water Act regulates GWHP

in terms of extraction and reinjection of groundwater. For BHE and SHC situations are stated where a

submission for geothermal sites is necessary and how the submission is executed. Due to the fact

that the Water Act defines the regulation and application for geothermal systems very loosely, all

federal states have their own rules for the handling of geothermal systems.

In general, there are two declaration systems in Austria for geothermal systems: a permitting

procedure and a simplified notification procedure. One difference between both is that the

permitting procedure includes building negotiations with neighbours. The second distinction is the

appointed time from submission till decision. For installations submitted via notification procedure

the time from submission till decision is 2 months at the most. While for installations via permitting

procedure no specified time is given. Building and operating requirements laid down by the water

agency are mandatory for systems licensed with a permitting procedure and self-obligating in a

notification procedure. Application forms or submission documents are the same for both

procedures. Information about this and about geothermal systems in general can be found in the

guidelines of the federal states.

The choice of the procedure depends on the geological setting, on water protection zones and

possible interactions with other water rights and public installations.

In general, for GWHP-Systems and systems affecting other installations and water rights the

permitting procedure is mandatory. The notification procedure is only necessary for SHE-Systems if

they are installed within an aquifer or in a water protection zone. BHE-Systems must be submitted

via notification procedure when they lie within a water protection zone or in a sensitive location. The

water authority reserves the right to change the applied procedure if necessary due to the

circumstances. This is typically if the agency has suspicion that other water rights or public

installations could be influenced.

Sensitive locations are defined by the federal states and can be:

Karst areas

Contaminated sites

Areas with unstable ground

Areas with confined groundwater

Gas occurrences

Thermal or mineral water resources

Evaporites

Each state has its own definitions according to the geological and hydro(geo)logical conditions.

Sensitive zones can be checked at the internet platforms of the federal states. There all states mark

at least zones with confined aquifers. Information for other sensitive zones is available directly at the

water agencies (e.g.: telephone consultation) or by local planners and installers.

Submission procedures always end with the notification of completion and the acceptance by the

responsible water agency. Users are then obligated to keep an operating diary.




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Installations where no submission procedure is necessary are not subjected to any other actions.

Therefore, they are not recorded at the water agencies and potential damage to surroundings would

be undetected or not assignable.

2.1.2 France (See Chapter 7.3 France, p. 45 and APPENDIX – Selected cases and administrative procedures in the

Excel file.)

Following the mining law (Code Minier), all geothermal systems have to be declared except those

that are installed till 10 m deep and “puits canadiens”, and energy geostructures, including pile heat

exchangers. In the initial steps, before running into simplified declaration or permitting procedures

following the mining law, you have to take note of the "general requirements applicable to NSGE".

You have to respect objectives, provisions, restrictions or regulations from:

1. Water management plans,

1. Natural hazard prevention plans (PPR),

2. Drinking water protection areas,

3. Areas of underground storage of gas, oil, chemicals,…,

4. Soil pollution sites likely to affect aquifers, and

5. Departmental health regulations regarding water intended for human consumption.

If no restriction applies in one of the above mentioned documents, then a simple declaration is

foreseen for systems:

1. 10 < Depth [m] < 200

2. Power < 500 kW

3. Location of the system is on the area of green or orange colour on special webGIS map

4. If it is open water-water system from groundwater:

5. Tgroundwater < 25 °C

6. Abstracted water is reinjected into the same aquifer

7. All of abstracted water is used only for heat exchange purpose

8. Discharge Q < 80 m3/h

If your system doesn’t correspond to all those conditions, then simple declaration procedure is not

applicable. You have to contact specific institution, in most cases this is DREAL "Regional Directorate

for Environment, Planning and Housing" (Direction régionale de l'environnement, de l'aménagement

et du logement” (DREAL)), to get information how to proceed further on.

Criteria values for simple declaration are very clear and understandable: depth of installation,

installed power, temperature and volume of abstracted groundwater and reinjection. Threshold

values are high enough to arrange the biggest majority of cases in simple declaration procedure.

More complex and variable criteria concerning special geological conditions are elaborated by certain

algorithm to arrange territory in three different classes of risk (red, orange and green). Risks

originating from special geological conditions are caused by unstable ground, polluted land or

groundwater, artesian groundwater, aquifer communication, rising groundwater and saltwater

intrusion. Also a combination of these risks is taken into account.




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Three classes of risks are called Statuory zones. There is a link guiding you to a web GIS map (viewer)

where you can test your location. You can see the colour of the risk for your location, but also the

evaluation of each kind of a risk.

The decision of procedure regarding Statutory zones is also very clear and understandable. If the

location is on green zone, then the simple declaration procedure is appointed. If the location is on

the "orange" zone, then only declaration is needed, however the bidder is required to provide a

"certificate of compatibility" from an expert. "Red" zone means that geothermal project has to be

subject of authorization procedure (authorizations for research, opening of works and exploitation).

The French system of decision between declaration and authorization procedure uses a set of criteria

values that are very clear. Nevertheless, it uses also criteria about geological conditions which could

present risks to the installation. Definition of threshold values of these criteria could be very different

depending on local conditions. So these values are hard task to define. But the French system goes in

the direction of good practice, i.e. providing clear information to the user (applicant) for the whole

territory, for every location, what could be expected, what are risks and what are reasons for the

type of procedure.

The Chapter “Inform yourself !” on the web site of procedure draws your attention to get, first of all,

information of local constraints, for example, drinking water protection zones and the interventions

and activities in the vicinity of your location. It advises you to consult competent professionals

(certificated and experienced). It warns you that you are legally responsible for your installation and

its operation as you are project promoter or user. This is the reason that you are the one who has to

take all available resources on such a way, that your geothermal system will respect the environment

and it will not perturb other systems that are exploiting resources from the ground in the vicinity.

Simplified administrative procedure, i.e. declaration procedure has already established Online

application, which is available by a link “télédéclaration” on the same web page of procedure.

2.1.3 Germany (See graphical presentation in Chapter 7.4 Germany – Bayern, p. 46 and key steps and activities in

APPENDIX – Selected cases and administrative procedures in the Excel file.)

For SHC there will be no permitting procedures, if the system is installed below one-meter distance

from the highest groundwater level and not in water protection zone. In the other case, an

application for water permission is necessary, which must be submitted by the local administration.

If a BHE-system is not installed into the groundwater and the system production will be below 30 kW,

thenwater permission is not necessary. Only a notification at the local administration and an

approval of the system from an authorized expert is needed. The permission is then given by the

local administration. If there is no answer from the local administration after one month, the

permission is given per fiction and the drilling for the system can start. After the installation an

acceptance of the construction work, again from the authorized expert, is obligatory.

If the BHE-System will be in contact with groundwater or installed near to an aquifer that there could

be a danger of influencing the groundwater, water permission is mandatory. There are two possible




http://www.geothermie-perspectives.fr/cartographie?mapid=40

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ways of permitting, depending on the different site-specific conditions and again of the system

production.

Scenario 1: If the BHE system will be installed into the first groundwater horizon with a free water

table, the installation is not in a water protection zone (or another nature protected zone) or an

contaminated area and the system production will be below 30 kW, a simplified application for a

water permission is possible. The application form together with a report from a private authorized

expert must submit to the local administration, which evaluates the application. In this process, they

prove if there is a possible negative influence to the groundwater, which would make an evaluation

from the responsible water agency necessary. If this is not the case, the local administration gives the

permission and the drilling can start. If there is no answer from them, the permission is given per

fiction after three months. Again, after the installation an acceptance of the construction work, from

the authorized expert, is obligatory.

Scenario 2: If the installation of a BHE system is planned into a confined aquifer or other issues exist

regarding a probable danger of negative influence to the groundwater (karstic aquifer, contaminated

aquifer, Water Protection Zone, drilling through an aquitard…) an application for water permission

with a comprehensive report of the hydrogeological situation is required. It must be mentioned, that

permission in those areas are exceptions, which will be given only by from case to case decisions. A

comprehensive report with prognosis calculations and in situ measurements (e.g. Thermal response

Test) are always necessary, if the production of the BHE system will be more than 30 kW. In all that

cases, the permission is issued by the local water agency in the space of time up to 3-4 months.

An additional notification at the mining agency is necessary, if the drilling for a system is deeper than

100 m. That can be done easily on the same application form and the local administration passed this

information on to the mining agency. That counts for all procedure possibilities.

For GWHP system water permission is always mandatory. By special conditions for the installation-

site like water protection or contaminated area, karstic aquifer or a deeper groundwater horizon

without a free water table, there will be in general no permission given. In other cases the

application depends on the planned production of the system. If the production goes below 50 kW

and only heating is planned with the GWHP, a simplified application process is possible. The

application form together with a report from a private authorized expert must submit to the local

administration, which evaluates the application. The procedure is the same as for the BHE systems in

Scenario 1. If a GWHP system exceeds the production of 50 kW, a comprehensive report from a

hydrogeological expert must be submitted including prognosis calculations. The local water agency

evaluates the report and gives the permission in the space of time up to 3-4 months. A self-

monitoring with a yearly report including the used abstraction rate and temperature spreading is

obligated for GWHP system with an abstraction rate higher than 100.000 m3 per year.

2.1.4 Italy – “Regione Lombardia” (See graphical presentations in Chapter 7.5.1 Regione Lomabardia - SHC and BHE and in 7.5.2

Regione Lomabardia - GWHP, p. 47, 48 and key steps and activities in APPENDIX – Selected cases and

administrative procedures in the Excel file.)

SHC system




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For the SHC systems it is indispensable to make a registration on the “Registro Sonde Geotermiche”

(RGS) through the “Infrastrutture Lombarde” web-portal. The registration is free of charge. No

authorization is required for this type of system.

BHE system

For the BHE systems not located in an “Absolute Water Protected Zone” (AWPZ) no permission is

required if a BHE is located at depths less than 150 m. For depths larger than 150 m, it is necessary to

submit a permission request to the specific Province which it will release the authorization within 60

days from the date of request. The next steps are to make a registration and a notification of the

start of the construction on the “Registro Sonde Geotermiche” (RGS) database. This registration can

be accomplished through the “Infrastrutture Lombarde” web-portal.

A distinction is made between “small systems” and “big systems”, where the first is referred to

systems with less than 50 kW and the second to systems with more than 50 kW.

In the case of small systems, the dimensioning of the exchangers can be performed using

stratigraphic data and thermal values relative to the lithology that can be extrapolated from the

scientific literature. In the case of big systems, it is mandatory to execute a Ground Response Test

before installing the whole BHE-system. This test allows to determine the following parameters: i)

average thermal conductivity of the subsoil; ii) mean undisturbed subsoil temperature; iii) thermal

resistance of the BHE. Then it is necessary to test the system (leakage test) and to make a notification

of completion to the “Regione Lombardia” using again the RSG web portal. For big systems a

monitoring of the underground is mandatory.

The last steps are to make the attestation of the closure of the procedure and the registration on the

“Catasto Unico Regionale degli Impianti Termici” (CURIT) on the web-portal of “Infrastrutture

Lombarde”.

GWHP system

For GWHP System water permission is always mandatory. The first step is to verify whether the

system is located or not within a water protection area. In such a case, the installation cannot be

authorized. The second step is to verify if a EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is required or

not. For flow rates less than 50 l/s an EIA is not required, for flow rates between 50 and 100 l/s

verification to the subjectibility to the EIA is required, while for discharges more than 100 l/s an EIA is

mandatory. For flow rates less than 5 l/s no particular analysis is requested and only an attestation of

water quality is submitted by the proponent. For flow rates higher than 5 l/s, a monitoring of the

groundwater quality is mandatory.

For the authorization of a GWHP system, the proponent has to submit a request to the Province for:

i) drilling, ii) discharge and iii) extraction, together with an attestation of the groundwater quality

involved in the system and with a comprehensive report on the geological-hydrogeological context of

intervention. The request is published on the “Bollettino Ufficiale della Regione Lombardia” (BURL). If

there is some impeding motivation, further verification and modifications to the system design will

have to be performed by the proponent.




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Once the authorization for the drilling and for groundwater discharge is released, the proponent can

start with the constructions. After the certification of the Director’s regular performance and the

termination of work notice, the Province consents to the groundwater extraction. The last step is the

attestation of the closure of the procedure.

2.1.5 Italy – “Valle d’Aosta” (See graphical presentation in Chapter 7.6 Italy – Valle d’Aosta, p. 49 and key steps and activities in

APPENDIX – Selected cases and administrative procedures in the Excel file.)

2.1.6 Slovenia (See graphical presentation in Chapter 7.7 Slovenia, p. 50 and key steps and activities in APPENDIX –

Selected cases and administrative procedures in the Excel file.)

For SHC there are no permitting procedures. For BHE there are permitting procedures in case of

drilling into the aquifer. This installation requires the Research permit and Water consent. For GWHP

there are permitting procedures in any case: Research permit and Water consent are required for the

construction of installation. Water right is required for operation, i.e. water abstraction.

Water consent is required for interventions/constructions on waterside and coastal land, on

protected areas or natural risk zones, for special uses of water (water exploitation), waste water

emissions or where impact on groundwater is possible (aquifer recharge, reinjection) as well as for

other interventions/constructions that could have impact on water regime (Waters Act, A. 150).

New Rules on the recorded special use of water (Ur. l. RS, št. 48/15 in 62/16) is introducing simplified

water permit procedure. From 01.10.2018 on, these Rules will be operational and “facilitated

procedures for small scale producers” will function also for groundwater heat exchangers in Slovenia

(Table 5).

Conditions for simplified water permit procedure:

1. Water is abstracted from aquifer by well or from the sea (not from spring or surface water)

2. Groundwater research permit was already obtained, if required

3. Location not on WPA

4. Heat exchange < 16 kW in heat power

5. Groundwater is not abstracted from thermal water aquifer (T < 20 °C)

6. L > 50 m from observation well in national monitoring network (owned by the governmental

institutions)

7. In accordance with River basin management plans

8. In accordance with legislation of drinking water supply

9. All abstracted water has to be returned in the same aquifer

Data that is required in the declaration:

1. General data about water right claimant, plot of land, supplied building or structure, …

2. Aim of the heat exchange (heating, cooling or both)

3. Heat power of exchanger

4. Type of water source (groundwater well or sea)




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5. Data of pumping site (name, coordinates, plot, depth of borehole, static groundwater level,

average temperature of water, transmissivity of aquifer, hydraulic conductivity of aquifer)

6. Data of reinjection site (name, coordinates, plot, depth of borehole)

User has to install a measuring gauge so that abstraction rate is visible at any moment and he has to

have at disposal a logbook on request. Yearly kumulative amount of abstracted water has to be

recorded once a year on the same month.

Subsidies

The submission for subsidy/credit to Eco Fund has to be equipped by tender or supporting

documents showing the eligibility of geothermal heat pump or other investments. Water permit

notice is not required to be presented to Eco Fund before approval of subsidy or credit but just

before payement.

2.2 Administrative entities involved in the procedures

Table 6 describes which administrative entities are involved in the procedures (including subsidies

granting) and which of them are entry points for submission of application forms.

Table 6. Distribution of regulative procedures between authorities, N – number of administrative entities involved in

procedures, AF – application form to submit [y/n].

Country N Permitting

AF1

Permitting

AF2

Permitting

AF3

AF4

AUSTRIA 3

National state government - Dep. Water

agency

Local department of

the water agency

Federal Ministry of Agriculture,

Forestry, Envir. and Water Management

FRANCE Permitting

1 DREAL y Agence de l’eau Mairies Expert agréé GERMANY Permitting Permitting Permitting Permitting

4 Bavarian

Environmental Agency

Local authority LRA

Oberallgäu

Water management office (WWA

Kempten) PSW

ITALY Permitting

(Well drilling) Permitting (Water

discharge) Permitting

Aosta Valley 3 Servizio

Geologico y Regione y Municipality n

Regione Lombardia

SLOVENIA Permitting Permitting Permitting Subsidies

3 DRSV - national y DRSV-regional y DRSV – national y Eco Fund y SWITZERLAND

DREAL - Directions Régionales de L'environnement,d L'aménagement et du Logement

PSW - Privater Sachverständiger der Wasserwirtschaft

DRSV – Direkcija za vode Republike Slovenije

PSW - Private surveyor of water management

2.2.1 Austria For submission of application form there are two entry points in Austria:

The federal state government water agencies for GWHP with water abstraction > 5l/s




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The local departments of the water agencies for all SHC, BHE and GWHP with water

abstraction < 5l/s

The water agencies in general belong to the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and

Water Management. The legal instrument is represented by the Austrian Water Act 1959.

Application forms are partly provided by the federal states but are not mandatory. Submission

documents just need to contain predetermined information! This information is predetermined by

the legislator (water act 1959) and can be extended by the federal states. In general, there is one

application form or one submission report to submit.

The submission is exclusively carried out by the water agencies. Possible interactions with other

entities are also carried out by the water agency. Documents submitted at the local water agencies

are also forwarded to the federal state government water agencies for a second proof.

Concerning subsidies for smaller geothermal sites, there is no funding for the installation directly.

The funding refers to the whole building project and is managed individually by the national states.

Extensive application forms are provided. At the funding by the Kommunalkredit Public Consulting

GmbH there are two procedures. Each requires one application form.

(See APPENDIX – Selected cases and administrative procedures in the Excel file, worksheet

«Austria».)

COMMENTS:

Submission procedures in Austria are similar in all national states. There are also no differences in

the submission between the different NSGE installations and between notification and permitting

procedure.

Information is easy to find and all water agencies provide telephone consultation.

2.2.2 Germany There are two general entry points in Germany for a submission of an application form:

1. The water agencies, responsible for administrative districts for GWHP < 50kW, BHE > 30kw,

and all probable special cases, which can have a possible danger for negative groundwater

influence.

2. The local administration (responsible for water issues) for all SHE, BHE and GWHP

3. In the special situation that a drilling for a system installation exceed 100 m depth (or the

system exceed a production of 2 MW), also the Federal Mining Agency is involved in the

process.

The water agencies belong to the federal state agencies of environment, e.g. the Bavarian

Environmental Agency, respectively to the Bavarian Ministry of Environment and Consumer

Production.

The legal instrument is represented by the German Water Act (WHG) and federal state acts like the

Bavarian Water Act (BayWG). The Water Acts regulated the situations which way of submission is




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applicable, who is involved (e.g. private authorized expert, mining agency) and in which situations

permission is not possible.

Application forms are generally provided by the local administrations, the water agencies and the

Federal Environmental Agencies. The submission must be carried out at the local administration and

for complex cases at the water agencies. The mining agency is informed by the local administration, if

necessary. Generally, every federal state has an application form and a slightly different application

procedure. At the moment the responsible federal state departments are figuring out coinciding

benchmarks for the installations and procedures.

In general, the decision for permission is given by the local administrations. In special

hydrogeological situations and for GWHP > 50 kW and BHE > 30 KW the responsible water agency is

involved. For drilling deeper than 100 m the mining agency is also informed and partly involved in the

decision process (only in case of special cases like gas intrusion or other risks).

There is a directly funding for heat pump installation from the National Agency of Economics and

Export Controlling. The amount of funding depends on installation cases, like integrating in new

constructions or in old buildings or installation in combination with other renewable technics, like

solar energy systems. There is a funding possible up to 15.000 €. Besides this funding there are

additional funding possible e.g. from the KfW Group.


«Germany».)

COMMENTS:

Information for submission is easy to find at all local administrations, water agencies and at the

Federal Environmental Agencies. The general submission procedure is well documented and clear.

The internet portal of the Bavarian Environmental Agency, for instant, offers a comprehensive

information platform, where you can find all necessary information for installers, planners and

costumers. Nevertheless, the decision of the permitting is not clearly synchronized in the Federal

States and even in the different water agencies, respectively districts. This leads to an uncertainty for

planners of NSGE-Systems and so also for the costumers.

2.2.3 Italy – “Regione Lombardia” In “Regione Lombardia”, two different administrative entities are involved in the procedures: the

Region and the Provinces.

The Region defines the regulation and the procedures to be followed and it is responsible also for the

data collection and for the publication of these data online, using the “Registro Sonde Geotermiche”

(RGS), for the BHE-system.

For the GWHP-system the Region uses another type of instrument that is the “Bollettino Ufficiale

della Regione Lombardia” (BURL).

COMMENTS:




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In Italy, specific national regulations concerning shallow geothermal energy do not exist yet. The

Legislative Decree 28/2011, which adopts the 2009/28/CE European Directive, would have had to

introduce decrees and regulations for all renewable energy systems, and hence also for Ground

Source Heat Pumps. Local decisional authorities like Regions and Provinces are responsible for the

permitting. The decisional authority of reference depends on the type of shallow geothermal systems

that has to be authorized. The completeness of information relative to the procedure that has to be

followed for the submission of the authorization request varies from region to region. Regione

Lombardia provides complete information on these procedures required for both GSHP and GWHP.

2.2.4 Slovenia Four different administrative entities are involved in the procedures for shallow geothermal energy

in Slovenia: the main unit of Slovenian Water Agency (DRSV), one of the eight regional units of DRSV

agency, Slovenian Environmental Public Fund (Eco Fund) and Ministry of Infrastructure (MZI). DRSV is

a body of Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning. Its role is protection of water resources,

water environment and health and wellfare in natural risks zones. MZI is responsible for mineral

resources including energy resources. In the case of geothermal energy, it is granting exploration

mining rights, for boreholes deeper than 300 m or boreholes that would cross coal or hydrocarbons.

However, it is managing authority for National renewable energy action plan and it is reporting yearly

progress of meeting the objectives.

Adminstrative procedures usually require up to four different application forms that must be

submitted for installations not deeper than 300 m. There are two entry points for submission of

those application forms, i.e. DRSV and Eco Fund.

At the main unit of DRSV agency there are two procedures (Research permit and Water right) and

two application forms that must be submitted (two pages for «Research permit» and three pages for

«Water right». At the regional unit of DRSV agency there is one procedure (Water consent) and one

application form on five pages. At the Eco Fund there is one procedure (Subsidy) and application

form has seven pages. All together up to 17 pages of application forms needs to be submitted.


«Slovenia».)

COMMENTS:

There are 4 different application forms in a 17 page forms and 2 entry points. In general those forms

are not complicated. But some data are iterated.

The three entities, that are responsible for procedures, are a body of the Ministry of the Environment

and Spatial Planning. The fourth administrative entity is the Ministry of Infrastructure, responsible for

reporting progress in deploying renewable energy. The link between mentioned ministries is very

weak. Evidence of geothermal energy contribution is not adequately reliable.

Other concerns which may have been encountered are that drilling into aquifers requires research

permit and water consent, but aquifers are not predefined and the official service to provide official

information is not established. This means that the applicant doesn’t know in advance if he will be

obliged to get a research permit.




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The declaration procedure has not yet been established. As regards the establishments of zones

were standard obligations and special obligations apply, they have not been set up yet.

Not evidenced BHE drilled in aquifers are significant issue, many data about aquifers are lost (not

stored and evaluated), thus risks to groundwater are not adequately managed, and design conditions

of some NSGE applications are not adequately avilable to new coming investors.

3 Public awareness potential

Public awareness is essential for rising effectiveness of NSGE installations. It helps to promote good

practices and innovative approach for technical solutions, but it also helps to avoid eventual conflicts

in siting of installation.

Higher public awareness also facilitates the procedure and communication between project

promoter and consent authority.

Public awareness potential is founded on basic questions: “Are information relative to the

administrative procedures clearly accessible/visibile to public”? “Are information relative to the

available incentives clearly accessible/visibile to public”?

Administrative entities use different possibilities to equip the public by official information (web

sites, flyers, brochures, guidelines, recommendations). Integrity of official information given by

responsible authorities can be surveyed by systematically checking the availability and accessibility of

following information:

1. instructions for the administrative procedure in steps

2. explanations in which cases NSGE would not be allowed

3. explanations what are/could be special conditions for NSGE design

4. appointed time from the submission till the decision

5. recommendations for the economic efficiency of NSGE systems

6. explanations what are the incentives and how to apply for subsidies

7. presentations of NSGE potential to applicants (in form of maps, geological and

geothermal information, databases, presentation of good practice cases,… )

8. officially recommended sites/links for additional information

9. different official sources containing contradicting information

3.1 Instructions for the administrative procedure in steps

Competent and very short clear, but complete official information about the administrative

procedure is the most important incentive. Probably, the explanation “which geothermal systems

have to be declared at all” is the first, the most needed information. This could be also an effective

introduction to the further administrative procedures.




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Design of NSGE installation, including administrative procedure, requires quite a lot of information.

Project promoter has to be aware of this, and know from the early beginning, where this

information is available from the official sources or where to begin.

As well as design also the submission for declaration or authorization can be approached by different

experiences, skills and dynamics. Official explanation of significant steps in administrative procedure

will contribute to efficient communication between applicant and public servant.

Country / Region / Example

Location of Instructions for the administrative procedure in steps

AUSTRIA Each federal state provides its own information concerning the regulation of geothermal systems. Basic information is available at the internet platforms from the federal states. Detailed information concerning the exact location is provided by telephone consultation.

Salzburg

Detailed information is provided, for example, by Salzburg (GRETA pilot area Saalbach): Guideline for BHE in Salzburg: https://www.energieaktiv.at/download/index/mediafile/599/leitfaden_tiefensonden_2014.pdf. Guideline for GWHP in Salzburg: https://www.salzburg.gv.at/umweltnaturwasser_/Documents/grundwasser_waermepumpe.pdf.

FRANCE

One page instructions for the administrative procedure in steps are provided on a website co-founded by BRGM and ADEME, the French Environment and Energy Management Agency : http://www.geothermie-perspectives.fr/article/etape-3-reglementation-demarches This web outlines three basic questions: 1 - Which geothermal systems have to be declared?, 2-Where to get basic information? and 3 – How to declare my project?.

GERMANY

The administrative procedures, especially for BHE-Systems, are well documented and the application forms with explanations are available at the internet platforms from the different entities: the Bavarian Environmental Agency, the water agencies and the local administrations. Regarding the application, respectively the application rules for SHC-systems with possible groundwater relevance, the rules are not clearly documented. This is also the case for GWHP-Systems. A code of practice for GSHP-systems is in preparation since 2011, but not yet available. The access to the online information of the Bavarian Environmental Agency is below: https://www.lfu.bayern.de/geologie/geothermie/geothermie_oberflaechennah/index.htm http://www.umweltatlas.bayern.de/mapapps/resources/apps/lfu_angewandte_geologie_ftz/index.html?lang=de&layers=service_ageo_18 The most important and comprehensive information material for the criteria for all system (SHC, BHE and GWHP) is provided by the VDI 4640, prepared by the Association of German Engineers (Verband Deutscher Ingenieure). The official guidelines from the government is basically relating to the VDI 4640 https://www.vdi.de/technik/fachthemen/energie-und-umwelt/fachbereiche/energiewandlung-und-anwendung/richtlinien/vdi-4640/richtlinienreihe-vdi-4640-thermische-nutzung-des-untergrunds/

ITALY




https://www.energieaktiv.at/download/index/mediafile/599/leitfaden_tiefensonden_2014.pdf

https://www.energieaktiv.at/download/index/mediafile/599/leitfaden_tiefensonden_2014.pdf

https://www.salzburg.gv.at/umweltnaturwasser_/Documents/grundwasser_waermepumpe.pdf

https://www.salzburg.gv.at/umweltnaturwasser_/Documents/grundwasser_waermepumpe.pdf

http://www.geothermie-perspectives.fr/article/etape-3-reglementation-demarches

https://www.lfu.bayern.de/geologie/geothermie/geothermie_oberflaechennah/index.htm

http://www.umweltatlas.bayern.de/mapapps/resources/apps/lfu_angewandte_geologie_ftz/index.html?lang=de&layers=service_ageo_18


https://www.vdi.de/technik/fachthemen/energie-und-umwelt/fachbereiche/energiewandlung-und-anwendung/richtlinien/vdi-4640/richtlinienreihe-vdi-4640-thermische-nutzung-des-untergrunds/



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Location of Instructions for the administrative procedure in steps

Aosta Valley Yes, instructions for the administrative procedure in steps are available

Regione Lombardia

Each Regions and then Provinces provide their own information concerning the regulation of geothermal systems. Detailed information is provided by “Regione Lombardia”, in particular:

1) for SHP and BHE-systems: http://www.rinnovabililombardia.it/normativa_regionale in particular: http://smtp.consiglio.regione.lombardia.it/NormeLombardia/Accessibile/main.aspx?view=showdoc&iddoc=rr002010021500007

2) for GWPH-system inside “Città Metropolitana di Milano”: https://inlinea.cittametropolitana.mi.it/newsletter/doc/DGR_6203_8feb2017.pdf

SLOVENIA

Specialized instructions how to follow and fulfil administrative procedures in steps for NSGE are not available on the official websites or publications. There is only a separate short instruction for Water permits procedure, available on the website of Slovenian Water Agency. This is general instruction and is not adapted for NSGE project applicants. http://www.dv.gov.si/si/delovna_podrocja/raba_vode/vodna_dovoljenja/

SWITZERLAND

Genève: http://ge.ch/geologie/sous-sol/geothermie Getting authorization step by step Vaud: http://www.vd.ch/fileadmin/user_upload/themes/environnement/eau/fichiers_pdf/Info_PAC_V2.0.pdf

3.2 Explanations in which cases NSGE would not be allowed

NSGE is renewable energy source, which is available practically everywhere. In fact there are few

cases in which installations for NSGE are not allowed. The most common explicit interdiction in

different regulations is the narrowest water protection zone of water supply intended for human

consumption. But there could be some other interdictions, depending from local resources values or

specific risks that aim to be avoided. Such cases should be clearly announced and officially explained

as well.


Explanations in which cases NSGE would not be allowed

AUSTRIA General explanations in which cases NSGE are not allowed are also included in the guidelines by the federal states (see point 3.1 for an example). Information is also provided by telephone consultation.

FRANCE

?

Information related to regulation is provided on a website co-founded by BRGM and ADEME, the French Environment and Energy Management Agency : http://www.geothermie-perspectives.fr/article/etape-3-reglementation-demarches




http://www.rinnovabililombardia.it/normativa_regionale

http://smtp.consiglio.regione.lombardia.it/NormeLombardia/Accessibile/main.aspx?view=showdoc&iddoc=rr002010021500007

http://smtp.consiglio.regione.lombardia.it/NormeLombardia/Accessibile/main.aspx?view=showdoc&iddoc=rr002010021500007

http://www.dv.gov.si/si/delovna_podrocja/raba_vode/vodna_dovoljenja/

http://ge.ch/geologie/sous-sol/geothermie

http://www.vd.ch/fileadmin/user_upload/themes/environnement/eau/fichiers_pdf/Info_PAC_V2.0.pdf

http://www.vd.ch/fileadmin/user_upload/themes/environnement/eau/fichiers_pdf/Info_PAC_V2.0.pdf


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GERMANY

ITALY

Aosta Valley YES

Regione Lombardia

SLOVENIA

Special explanations, in which cases installation of NSGE are not allowed, are not provided by permitting/consent authorities. (Generally, as it is defined in the Waters Act, “water consent” is needed in the case of possible permanent or temporary impact on water regime or status, water abstraction or reinjection, location on coastal or waterside land, on water or other protected areas or on natural risk zones. Explicit interdictions or some specific provisions or conditions for GWHP, BHE and SHT are only in different Decrees and Ordinances for individual water protection areas. Official information, what is checked by authorities in the submitted application for “water permit”, is available on FAQ page of DRSV: http://www.dv.gov.si/si/delovna_podrocja/raba_vode/vodna_dovoljenja/pogosta_vprasanja_in_odgovori/ ).

SWITZERLAND

Genève: http://ge.ch/geologie/sous-sol/geothermie existing restrictions

3.3 Explanations what are/could be special conditions for NSGE design

It is very practical if project promoter and investor know in advance what will be eventual special

requirements for the design of the system in special conditions, for example, multiple aquifers, water

protection zone, presence of mineral water resources, contaminated soil, … This enables him to take

into account some advanced technical solutions already in the early phase of design (for example

additional soil and water sampling at the site, permanent tubing, sealing or pressurized cementation

following instructions of the authority or responsible geologist, use of water as a heat carrier fluid

without anti-freezing additives, limited depth of boreholes,...).


Explanations what are/could be special conditions for NSGE design

AUSTRIA General explanations for special conditions for NSGE included in the guidelines by the federal states (see point 3.1 for an example). Information is also provided by telephone consultation.

FRANCE

?

Information related to regulation is provided on a website co-founded by BRGM and ADEME, the French Environment and Energy Management Agency : http://www.geothermie-perspectives.fr/article/etape-3-reglementation-demarches

GERMANY

The special conditions are explained in the guidelines and the internet portal of the Bavarian Environmental Agency. They provide an online information system which includes a location specific advice for BHE and SHC installations. This information includes the technical potential and a short report of next steps for an application, contact points and further information. For GSHP the information is very general and the technical information is not available.




http://www.dv.gov.si/si/delovna_podrocja/raba_vode/vodna_dovoljenja/pogosta_vprasanja_in_odgovori/

http://www.dv.gov.si/si/delovna_podrocja/raba_vode/vodna_dovoljenja/pogosta_vprasanja_in_odgovori/



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The access to the online information of the Bavarian Environmental Agency is below: https://www.lfu.bayern.de/geologie/geothermie/geothermie_oberflaechennah/index.htm http://www.umweltatlas.bayern.de/mapapps/resources/apps/lfu_angewandte_geologie_ftz/index.html?lang=de&layers=service_ageo_18

ITALY

Aosta Valley NO

Regione Lombardia

SLOVENIA

Specific official information or recommendations are not provided about special conditions for NSGE design and construction. (There are such recommendations in new « Guidelines for shallow geothermal drillings till 300 m depth ». Guidelines are actually still in the phase of trial and public consultation on the MZI’s energy portal: http://www.energetika-portal.si/podrocja/rudarstvo/plitva-geotermalna-energija/).

SWITZERLAND BAFU 2009 http://www.fws.ch/tl_files/download_d/Broschueren/Waermenutzung2009.pdf?phpMyAdmin=6b841e574b7e027ebeb2ac08849f32af

Genève: http://ge.ch/geologie/sous-sol/geothermie

3.4 Appointed time from the submission till the decision

Generally, a reasonable time-limit for taking decisions by officials shall not be longer than two

month. If this time limit is not feasible because of complexity of the matters, then applicant should

be informed about this as soon as possible (The European Code of Good Administrative Behaviour, A.

17). However, it is very helpful and motivating if the timeframe for specific steps, in which the

submitted application shall be solved by the authority, is explicitly and specifically announced.

Certainly, it is also very interesting information how much time is needed to prepare the submission.

This time is needed for study, concepts and design. It depends very much also on skills of experts and

consultants. This time frame can be estimated only by experiences. So, it is important to differentiate

between those two time frames: 1 - appointed time from the submission till the decision by the

consent authority, and 2 – the overall time for all actions from the preparation for submission(s) till

the end of all procedures.


Appointed time from the submission till the decision

AUSTRIA For BHE and SHC submitted via notification procedure the time from submission till decision is 2 months at the most. For all other installations there is no official specified time.

FRANCE

No official appointed time. However, regarding the mining code as described in WP2_A22_Selection of legislative procedure_v02_brgm.xlsx: - Green zones are declarative zones, so there is no waiting time since there is no

submission for decision; - in orange zones the bidder needs a certificate from a certified expert. From experiences,

it is a matter of a few weeks.




https://www.lfu.bayern.de/geologie/geothermie/geothermie_oberflaechennah/index.htm



http://www.energetika-portal.si/podrocja/rudarstvo/plitva-geotermalna-energija/

http://www.fws.ch/tl_files/download_d/Broschueren/Waermenutzung2009.pdf?phpMyAdmin=6b841e574b7e027ebeb2ac08849f32af

http://www.fws.ch/tl_files/download_d/Broschueren/Waermenutzung2009.pdf?phpMyAdmin=6b841e574b7e027ebeb2ac08849f32af

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Appointed time from the submission till the decision

In red zone, the bidder must obtain a research authorization and an exploitation permit from the DREAL, which may take several months.

GERMANY

As displayed in the visualized workflow (7.4 Germany – Bayern, p. 46) it is foreseen from the administration entities that the duration for a permission can take between one and four months. A simple SHC can be built without permission. Hence, there is no waiting period. For an application for a BHE, which is installed in groundwater free horizon and which production is less than 30 kW, the permission is given within one month by the local administration or by fiction. The permission for a GWHP-system with a production less than 50 kW or a BHE-system, which is installed into the first groundwater horizon with a free water table, is given after three month. If the local administration has not answered within this time, the permission is given by fiction. In the case of an application where comprehensive water permission is necessary, the duration time for permission is specified with three to four month. These conditions are published in the guidelines.

ITALY

Aosta Valley No information or unclear information.

Regione Lombardia

For SHC and BHE-systems via notification procedures the time from submission till notification of completion of the construction is 1 year at the most. In fact the registration on the “Registro Sonde Geotermiche” (RGS) is valid until 1 year and if the proponent doesn’t finish the installation, another code must be required. For GWHP-system is more longer than above system, typically 2 years.

SLOVENIA

Time frames for administrative procedures for NSGE systems are not presented in any official page. (Appointed time is explicitly given for “Water consent” procedure, directly in Waters Act. Water consent decision have to be given in 15 – 60 days, depends on type of construction (Water Act, A. 153) with regard to its complexity (Ur. l. RS, No. 18/13, 24/13 in 26/13). If construction will not be subject to water consent, ministry has to inform applicant in 15 days.)

SWITZERLAND

Genève: http://ge.ch/geologie/sous-sol/geothermie Request for additional preliminary

information (answer in 2 – 3 days) ; Request for building permit (approximately 4 to 5 weeks from submission till solution)

3.5 Recommendations for the economic efficiency of NSGE systems

The main public interest and task of administrative procedures and incentives is to achieve that NSGE

would be exploited on the most efficient way. NSGE is the “energy from environment (glej EGEC)” .

Similar like for solar or wind energy installations, it is important that siting of NSGE installations takes

into consideration local natural conditions and takes the maximum advantage of them. Official

information about the most important operational criteria and specific natural conditions in the

community can significantly contribute to the efficiency of individual installation and furthermore the

overall performance of the NSGE in the economy of the community.





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Recommendations for the economic efficiency of NSGE systems

AUSTRIA Information is provided within the guidelines of the federal states.

FRANCE

Q5-6: - For collective housings, collectivities and industries: ADEME manages the “Fonds Chaleur” http://www.ademe.fr/expertises/energies-renouvelables-enr-production-reseaux-stockage/passer-a-laction/produire-chaleur/fonds-chaleur-bref See http://www.ademe.fr/sites/default/files/assets/documents/geothermie_fds_chal_2017_07-04-17.pdf for the founding rules associated with shallow geothermal energy. For small installations the incentive is based on a flat rate, while for larger one the incentive is based on a comparison with a reference solution (fossil fuels).

GERMANY

Some (but not comprehensive) information about the efficiency contains the information portal from the Bavarian Environmental Agency and the VDI 4640, in relation with other engineering standards. http://www.umweltatlas.bayern.de/mapapps/resources/apps/lfu_angewandte_geologie_ftz/index.html?lang=de&layers=service_ageo_18) https://www.vdi.de/technik/fachthemen/energie-und-umwelt/fachbereiche/energiewandlung-und-anwendung/richtlinien/vdi-4640/richtlinienreihe-vdi-4640-thermische-nutzung-des-untergrunds/

ITALY

Aosta Valley No

Regione Lombardia

Information is provided on: http://www.rinnovabililombardia.it/geotermia http://www.rinnovabililombardia.it/approfondimenti

SLOVENIA

Recommendations for the economic efficiency of NSGE systems are not available on the official pages or publications of competent authorities. (One of specialized publications is a handbook: Shallow geothermal energy in preinvestment analysis, available on free access site: https://issuu.com/visart.studio/docs/plitvageotermalnaenergija_prirocnik )

SWITZERLAND

3.6 Explanations what are the incentives and how to apply for subsidies

“Geothermal energy - the earth’s thermal energy - is economical both to the wallet and to the

environment…”2 Various incentives, including subsidies, are available for NSGE installations in all

countries. The main aim is to promote the renewable energy sources, use of local resources and

2 (EASME - The Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (EASME) has been set-up by the

European Commission to manage on its behalf several EU programmes.) https://ec.europa.eu/easme/en/news/tapping-earth-heat-and-cool




http://www.ademe.fr/expertises/energies-renouvelables-enr-production-reseaux-stockage/passer-a-laction/produire-chaleur/fonds-chaleur-bref


http://www.ademe.fr/sites/default/files/assets/documents/geothermie_fds_chal_2017_07-04-17.pdf







http://www.rinnovabililombardia.it/geotermia

http://www.rinnovabililombardia.it/approfondimenti

https://issuu.com/visart.studio/docs/plitvageotermalnaenergija_prirocnik

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energy independency. Incentives are … All incentives are important to be informed about, financial

and non-financial.


Explanations what are the incentives and how to apply for subsidies

AUSTRIA

Funding information can also be found here: https://www.umweltfoerderung.at/betriebe/waermepumpen.html https://www.energyagency.at/fakten-service/foerderungen.html Besides that, information is available at the internet platform of the federal states.

FRANCE

Q5-6: For collective housings, collectivities and industries: ADEME manages the “Fonds Chaleur” http://www.ademe.fr/expertises/energies-renouvelables-enr-production-reseaux-stockage/passer-a-laction/produire-chaleur/fonds-chaleur-bref See http://www.ademe.fr/sites/default/files/assets/documents/geothermie_fds_chal_2017_07-04-17.pdf f or the founding rules associated with shallow geothermal energy. For small installations the incentive is based on a flat rate, while for larger one the incentive is based on a comparison with a reference solution (fossil fuels).

GERMANY

The most informative portal for NSGE- incentives is provided at the internet portal of the National Agency of Economics and Export Controlling: http://www.bafa.de/DE/Energie/Heizen_mit_Erneuerbaren_Energien/Waermepumpen/waermepumpen_node.html More information is available at Websites and leaflets from Associations, like “Bundesverband Wärmepumpen e.V.” (http://www.waermepumpe.de/) or Bundesverband Geothermie e.V. (www.geothermie.de). Other information sources from official government institutions are rare.

ITALY

Aosta Valley Yes, explanations what are the incentives and how to apply for subsidies are available.

Regione Lombardia

Information is provided within the guidelines of the Regions: http://www.rinnovabililombardia.it/incentivi;jsessionid=0C59FA01D66DBF64FF29DEAB4910A1EF.tomcatliferay

SLOVENIA

There is no specific information from governmental institutions about incentives including subsidies for NSGE, like, for example, for feed-in tariffs for the production of electricity from renewable energy sources and the cogeneration of heat and power. There is no official site containing information or overview of all actual available sources of subsidies (for example also by local communities, energy producers, etc. Regarding incentives, there are guidelines for general increment of energy efficiency including NSGE, like, for example, Guidelines for refurbishment of cultural heritage buildings and public buildings or Guidelines for elaboration of Local energy concept for Local Communities… http://www.energetika-portal.si/podrocja/energetika/ and public procurement: http://www.energetika-portal.si/javne-objave/ Good information about subsidies (grants and credits) is provided on Eco Fund web site:

https://www.ekosklad.si/ Search for “toplotne črpalke” (heat pumps) SWITZERLAND

Genève: http://ge.ch/energie/subventions-energie




https://www.umweltfoerderung.at/betriebe/waermepumpen.html

https://www.energyagency.at/fakten-service/foerderungen.html





http://www.energetika-portal.si/podrocja/energetika/

http://www.energetika-portal.si/javne-objave/

https://www.ekosklad.si/

http://ge.ch/energie/subventions-energie

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3.7 Presentations of NSGE potential to applicants (in form of maps,

geological and geothermal information, databases, presentation of

good practice cases,… )


Presentations of NSGE potential to applicants

AUSTRIA

Most national states provide geological information and information on existing GWHP via GIS-applications (“Wasserbuch”) and for more detailed information by telephone consultation. Some federal states, like Salzburg and Vienna, also provide maps of NSGE potential for BHE and GWHP..

Salzburg

(including GRETA pilot area Saalbach): https://www.salzburg.gv.at/sagisonline/(S(ma14jjkn5x3qm0cck5gg54rf))/init.aspx?karte=basis&geojuhuschema=Wasser&defaultlogo=wasser&gdiservices=naturgefahren&gdiservices=wasser&sichtbar=alle%20Wasserpunkte Salzburg also implemented a query tool for the geothermal potential: https://www.salzburg.gv.at/sagisonline/(S(fx2yob1xmkq1liri3i5ubdm0))/init.aspx?karte=basis&geojuhuschema=Adressen/Namensgut&defaultlogo=sagis&gdiservices=wasser&gdiservices=umwelt&gdiservices=raumordnung&gdiservices=naturgefahren&gdiservices=energie&sichtbar=DKM%20Grundst%C3%BCcke&sichtbar=DKM%20Grundst%C3%BCcksnummern

FRANCE

Examples of the resource mapping done by BRGM in 4 regions of the French AS3 Recently Ademe has produced a brochure on NSGE sector in order increase the visibility of the technology for residential areas, tertiary, industrial and agricultural buildings. This document is intended mainly for private and public sector contractors, prescribers, developers, developers, architects, design offices, etc. Its promotional and educational content is illustrated by various examples of achievements throughout France and numerous testimonials from project developers who have successfully launched a geothermal installation. http://www.ademe.fr/chauffer-rafraichir-energie-renouvelable-geothermie-tres-basse-energie

GERMANY

The Bavarian Environmental Agency provides comprehensive information material for geological and geothermal conditions like drilling risks, heat maps, potential maps and other database. The potential maps are prepared for BHE and SHC-systems and are available via an internet information portal, the Environmental Atlas of Bavaria. There is also a location specific request tool available, which creates a report about the assessment of the

3 Clermont Communauté (H. Lesueur e tal. , 2014.), . région Franche-Comté (C. Legrand et al., 2010),

région Rhône-Alpes (R. Chartier et al. 2012), région Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (Moulin M. e tal.,

2013).




https://www.salzburg.gv.at/sagisonline/(S(ma14jjkn5x3qm0cck5gg54rf))/init.aspx?karte=basis&geojuhuschema=Wasser&defaultlogo=wasser&gdiservices=naturgefahren&gdiservices=wasser&sichtbar=alle%20Wasserpunkte



https://www.salzburg.gv.at/sagisonline/(S(fx2yob1xmkq1liri3i5ubdm0))/init.aspx?karte=basis&geojuhuschema=Adressen/Namensgut&defaultlogo=sagis&gdiservices=wasser&gdiservices=umwelt&gdiservices=raumordnung&gdiservices=naturgefahren&gdiservices=energie&sichtbar=DKM%20Grundst%C3%BCcke&sichtbar=DKM%20Grundst%C3%BCcksnummern




http://www.ademe.fr/chauffer-rafraichir-energie-renouvelable-geothermie-tres-basse-energie

http://www.ademe.fr/chauffer-rafraichir-energie-renouvelable-geothermie-tres-basse-energie

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installation possibility and the application procedures. Information for GWHP-systems is not included so far. At the related Soil Information System of Bavaria (BIS, www.bis.bayern.de) information of existing drillings, water uses and installed BHE-systems is available. Existing GWHP-systems are also included but at his stage of the information tool not at all complete. This information is normally not public available and, in case of a planning, it must be requested at the responsible water agency. This is also the way to get information about relatively new installed NSGE-systems, which are maybe not yet updated in the information portal. The Website of the Bavarian Environmental Agency provides also descriptions of good practice examples.

ITALY

Aosta Valley No presentations of NSGE potential to applicants

Regione Lombardia

“Regione Lombardia” provides a lot of information material for geological and geothermal conditions like potential maps (geoenegertic maps): http://www.rinnovabililombardia.it/cartageoenergetica and other database like the energy certification of the buildings (APE) held and archived by “Catasto Energetico Edifici Regionale” (CEER): http://www.cened.it/oda

SLOVENIA

Specialized presentations of NSGE potential to applicants are not yet present on official/governmental institutions websites. Actually available only an overview map 1:250.000 of suitability for different NSGE systems. (Prestor, J., Rajver, D., Pestotnik, S., 2016). Partial information can be browsed on sporadic sites and sources. Maps, geological and geothermal information: Geological Survey of Slovenia – e Geologija: General - http://peridot.geo-zs.si/geonetwork/srv/slv/catalog.search#/home Geological map 1:100.000 - http://biotit.geo-zs.si/ogk100/ Databases: ENGIS - Web GIS viewer (NSGE systems subsidized by ECO FUND):

http://www.engis.si/portal.html (Energy of environment, Select different heat pump systems) Good practice examples: NEP - National Energy Path: http://nep.vitra.si/?napredno=1 (advanced search by energy system, also “groundwater”, “borehole“ and “horizontal collector”)

SWITZERLAND

Basel / Aargau / Schaffhouse / Genève

Basel: Geothermal boreholes:

http://www.stadtplan.bs.ch/geoviewer Thema, Bohrkataster (profile of some borehole also accessible) Aargau: Suitability for geothermal system and geothermal boreholes with energy data: https://www.ag.ch/app/agisviewer4/v1/ Schaffhouse: Suitability for geothermal system (allowed, conditionally allowed, not allowed) and geothermal boreholes with energy data: http://map.geo.gr.ch/gr_webmaps/wsgi/theme/Erdwaermenutzung?lang=de Genève: NSGE potential (BHE: Average thermal conductivity and volumetric heat capacity 0-




http://www.bis.bayern.de/

http://peridot.geo-zs.si/geonetwork/srv/slv/catalog.search#/home

http://biotit.geo-zs.si/ogk100/

http://www.engis.si/portal.html

http://nep.vitra.si/?napredno=1

http://www.stadtplan.bs.ch/geoviewer

https://www.ag.ch/app/agisviewer4/v1/

http://map.geo.gr.ch/gr_webmaps/wsgi/theme/Erdwaermenutzung?lang=de

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50, 0-100, 0-200, 0-300, 0-molasse; GWHP: potential of groundwater [W/m2]) https://www.etat.ge.ch/geoportail/pro/?mapresources=GEOTHERMIE,GEOLOGIE&hidden=GEOTHERMIE Presentations of NSGE potential: Canton de Genève (Groupe de travail PGG, 2011), Neuchâtel (Groupe de travail PDGN, 2010

3.8 Officially recommended sites/links for additional information


Officially recommended sites/links for additional information

AUSTRIA There are no officially recommended sites/links for additional information on NSGE.

FRANCE

Please note that there are 3 guidelines (norms AFNOR), which are not legally binding but constitute state of the art: - NF X10-960-1 to NF X10-960-4 (Mars 2013) related to BHE pipes - NF X10-970 (January 2011) related to BHE realization, maintenance, monitoring and

closing. - NF X10-999 (August 2014) related to well realization, monitoring and closing.

GERMANY

The water agencies and the local administration entities refer normally to the internet portal for NSGE-system, the Environmental Atlas of Bavaria (Umweltatlas Bayern) from the Bavarian Environmental Agency. The Bavarian Environmental Agency linked the Website of the German Heat Pump Association as additional information.

ITALY Aosta Valley There are no officially recommended sites/links for additional information on NSGE. Regione Lombardia

There are no officially recommended sites/links for additional information on NSGE.

SLOVENIA

The governmental site of the ministry responsible for renewable energy resources (MZI) doesn’t recommend any link, specific for additional information on shallow geothermal energy. (There are dominantly links to main producers and distributors of energy and some research institutions.) On the sites of ministry responsible for environment including water resources (MOP) and its agencies (ARSO, DRSV) there are also not recommended links specific to shallow geothermal installations. (However there are a lot of links to information sources that are needed for GSHP design. One of the most important link is Environmental data portal (http://gis.arso.gov.si), containing metadata and data about protected areas, natural risk zones, existing water rights and water consents locations,…).

SWITZERLAND

Genève: http://ge.ch/geologie/sous-sol/geothermie To learn more regarding energy concepts, associations of professionals, local development programs)




https://www.etat.ge.ch/geoportail/pro/?mapresources=GEOTHERMIE,GEOLOGIE&hidden=GEOTHERMIE

https://www.etat.ge.ch/geoportail/pro/?mapresources=GEOTHERMIE,GEOLOGIE&hidden=GEOTHERMIE


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3.9 Different official sources containing contradicting information


Location of Different official sources containing contradicting information

AUSTRIA Not known FRANCE Not known

GERMANY No, there is no contradicting information. Only little parts of the procedure are not very clear described.

ITALY Aosta Valley No Regione Lombardia

No

SLOVENIA

Not known. (Official information/clarification would be very helpful about following issues: - is any drilling deeper than 30 m into the aquifer (saturated or unsaturated zone) or below groundwater level a groundwater research that needs “research permit” procedure; - when to start the “water consent” procedure; - what is relation/limit between water right and mining right (concessions) for open loops doublets.)

SWITZERLAND

4 Technical points of procedures

This chapter aims to present information on technical matters about procedures.

An overview of data that are required for the application form in different countries or regions is

given in the ANNEX – Technical data required in application forms in countries – compared to data

set for “Installation register” proposed by REGEOCITIES project.

We are using the technical data set taken from “Installation register” proposed by former project

REGEOCITIES4 as the reference sample of technical data.

There are more additional parameters that are used in administrative procedures and they are not

provided in reference sample. These parameters are than added on the additional table below the

reference sample.

The comparison of parameters from application form and reference table and comparison between

countries or regions shall help in the consideration: “Do these data set covers all the data that are

needed for ideally harmonized „one stop shop“ procedure? Are these data a minimum for integrated

permitting – monitoring – reporting tasks sharing between energy and environmental sectors? Are

4 http://regeocities.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Handbook_Database_Regeocities_EN.pdf http://regeocities.eu/results/ Tools for public authorities Database for public authorities Excel sheet (in different languages)




http://regeocities.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Handbook_Database_Regeocities_EN.pdf

http://regeocities.eu/results/

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these data redundant? Are these data a minimum for investor/user to control the efficiency of the

installation?

From the point of view of administrative procedures (permitting – monitoring – reporting) we can

recommend an optimized data set (see chapter 5.2.6, Techical data in application forms, p. 40).

However, from the point of view of investor/user this should be also reconsidered in the frame of

WP3 deliverable 2 of the GRETA project.

5 Reproducibility and transferability relevance

5.1 Good practices examples

Table 7. List of 10 installations examples to compare procedures from the point of view of the variations of country-

specific regulations and criteria.

ID System Heating/cooling/DHW Short description of the use Country

7 GWHP H Production hall and offices (company Euroclima) AUT

12 SHC H Chalet in winter sports region (Stiegeralm) AUT

14 SWHP H Lake-water-pool (Hotel Hochschober) AUT

4 BHE H Collective housing (Metz-Tessy, France) FRA

10 GWHP H/C Industrial building (Thônes) FRA

6 BHE H Railway switch (Oberstdorf) GER

1 BHE H/C/DHW Bus and train garage at Croviana (Val die Sole) IT

11 GWHP H/C Historical building "Maison Lostan", Aosta IT

8 GWHP H/C ARSO (Ljubljana) SLO

13 SHC H/DHW Olympic swimming pool (Radovljica) SLO

AUSTRIA

Every federal in state in Austria has its own guidelines for the submission of geothermal systems. The

guideline for BHE of the federal state Tyrol is due to its content particularly noteworhty. This detailed

guideline contains 35 pages with information about :

- Basic information about BHE and the legal framework

- Administrative procedure including links and adresses

- Geological basics about the underground including characteristic values for thermal

conductvites

- Potential risks for the installation of BHEs

- Basics and details about the installation

- Requirements for the submission documents

- Requirements during and after the installation




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The document is useful for public users as well as for technicians. It is available in German at the

tyrolean internet platform (section ‘Erdwärme’).5

ITALY - REGIONE LOMBARDIA

In the “Regione Lombardia” procedures, there are different good features which must be emphasized:

1) for the SHP-systems: - no permission and authorization required for this systems’ type; it is a good example

of simplification. - registration on the RSG is compulsory; this is a good practice for keeping an updated

cadaster of these systems on a geoportal (this is useful also in the perspective of the Energy Planning).

2) for the BHE-systems: - no permission required for systems with depths less than 150 m (in particular for the

system not located in an AWPZ); it is a good example of simplification; - monitoring required for those systems with more than 50 kW of thermal load; it is

good for the environmental impact assessment of big systems; - notification of completion to the Region using the RSG; it is good for keeping an

updated cadaster of the BHE-systems on a geoportal (this is useful also in the perspective of the Energy Planning).

3) for the GWHP-systems: - monitoring required for those systems with more than 5 l/s of pumping rate; it is

good for the environmental impact assessment of big systems; - the publication of all characteristics of the plans on a register (BURL) is required.

5.2 Good practice recommendations

5.2.1 Content of official «Near Surface Geothermal Energy» information portal

INSTALLATION OF GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMPS SYSTEMS

- Short explanation of shallow geothermal energy and ground source heat exchangers

- Link on existing report on shallow geothermal energy potential of the community

(recommendation to design, viewer and database)

- Link to Local energy concept, Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan

ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE FOR GSHP INSTALLATION

- Very short explanation of procedure

- Existing restirctions

5 https://www.tirol.gv.at/umwelt/energie/downloads/




https://www.tirol.gv.at/umwelt/energie/downloads/

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STEP BY STEP – GETTING THE AUTHORIZATION

A. Initial steps – preliminary inquiry

- What has to be checked

- Link to information source

- Contact point for additional questions, protocol and appointed time to get the reponse

B. Application form for authorization

- Short explanation of permitting authority – entry point

- Short note about the appointed time from the submission till the decision

- Link to application form (on-line or download)

- Short notes about What will be checked by the authority/expert body

- Special obligations that could be required by the administrative procedures in special

conditions

START OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS

- Obligation before start of construction works (minimum time to announce the start of

construction work, receiving specific conditions, ...)

- List of certified/quality label drillers

END OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS

- Obligations about report on works executed (content, data, surveillance,...)

- Authority to which the report/dat have to be submited/available and the time frame

GENERAL INFORMATION

Legal bases :

- Preclusions / disclaimers

- Deposition of excavated and waste materials

- Links to relevant legislative documents/rules/requiremets on national and local level (water

protection, geothermal energy, contaminated sites, environmental protection)

FURTHER INFORMATION

- Energy concept (Links to energy data sources)

- Proffessional asociations in the field of heat pumps

- Incentives (promotion of shallow geothermal energy objectives, programs, especially

efficient energy use, ...)

- Subsidies (links where and how to apply for subsidies)

5.2.2 Special areas presentation Spatial and other management plans, e.g. water management plan, nature conservation plan,

mineral resources management plans, etc., define areas, which are designated for implementing

different measures and activities. These areas can represent special rules or local restrictions (for




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example, respecting hinterland of drinking water well) that could have an impact to the design of

foreseen geothermal project. Ten the most expected special areasare presented in Table 8.

The first activity of the project promoter in the design of NSGE installation is to get informed about

these areas, as early as possible, before starting further activities. Municipality (local community)

should offer consultation and information sources which specific special areas could affect the

project and about the actual use of underground in the vicinity of the planned installation.

Nevertheless, it is responsibility of project promoter to take all dispositions that the project will

respect the environment and that it won’t have negative impact to other systems which are using

underground in the vicinity6.

Table 8. Ten the most expected special areas that could affect the design of NSGE installations.

Special areas Source of regulations

1. Drinking water protection areas I. Regulations for the protection areas of water resources intended for human consumption

2. Riparian, waterside and coastal land II. Regulations of the water management and management schemes & Objectives and provisions of the water management and management plans

3. Nature protected areas for water dependent ecosystems

4. Contaminated sites

5. Protection areas of other water uses (mineral, thermal, process water,…)

6. Areas of interaction with other installations and water rights

7. Areas of permanent or temporary impact on water regime or status

8. Flood and erosion areas III. Natural hazard prevention plans / natural risk zones 9. Landslide areas

10. Areas designated for underground storage facilities for gas, oil or chemicals

V. Mining rights, mineral resources management plans

5.2.3 Special geological conditions explanations Geological conditions represent natural / background conditions for NSGE design. Technical

fisibility and acceptability of NSGE installations depend, on the first hand, on geological conditions.

Eleven special geological conditions that are met in different regulations are represented in Ch. 9.2

(p. 65).

Hydrogeological study has to enable the competent authority to verify or to put to the proof

technical fisibility and acceptability of installations and also to put at disposal basic data which are

needed for theirs design and realization7.

6 http://www.geothermie-perspectives.fr/article/etape-3-reglementation-demarches

7 Utilization of heat from groundwater, SIA 384/7, Ch. 2.6.1.1, p.21.




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Table 9. Explanations of the most common special geological conditions.

Special geological conditions

Explanation Criteria

1. Artesian aquifers Expected hydraulic pressure (piezometric level) in the

aquifer is above surface > 0 m

Confined aquifers Drawdown and depression cone have wider impact

2. Very shallow water table

Thickness of cover layer / unsaturated zone thickness is so low that reinjecting could be problematic (because

high water levels, impact on neighboring constructions – foundation, basement)

2 m


Perched groundwater can be more contaminated (especially in urban area). Leakage along drillings or

inadequately sealed borehole could provoke contamination of lower groundwater level.

4. Two or multiple aquifer layers

Drilling through two or several pressurized aquifers at different pressure levels.

5. Mineral water resources

Mineral water could have a special value for human consumption and usually a concession is to be

obtained. Or, it could be problematic because of corrosion or precipitation and deposition of minerals.

6. Thermal water resources

Energy of thermal groundwater is of higher value and usually a concession is to be obtained.

Tgroundwater < 20-25 °C

7. Gas occurrences

Possibility of gas deposits, presence of hydrocarbons can represent a risk during drilling works. Presence of

these substances can also be indicators of mineral resources of higher importance.

8. Unstable ground

a. compressible soil

Compressible soil requires special measures to assure stable foundation conditions for constructions. Ground heat exchangers could be damaged by shearing stress or compression. In such a condition geostructures are

preferentially used (e.g. heat exchangers built in foundation piles).

b. landslide

Areas with the geometrical and lithological conditions susceptible of a landslide phenomenon may remain

stable in the absence of a trigger of the process. Nevertheless, even slight change of conditions can

release a land movement. In case of drilling, in particular an impact on surface water or groundwater communications can be such a trigger. In the case of uncontrolled perforation of a confined aquifer, also

leakage from lower layer may excessively change stability conditions of overlaying strata.8

8 Adapted after BRGM & CEREMA 2015., p. 44




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Special geological conditions

Explanation Criteria

c. evaporites / salts

Risk of subsidence or even a collapse or an uplift of the surface areas linked either to the dissolution of an

evaporite layer or to the swelling of this layer in the presence of anhydrite. These phenomena are caused by the communication of superficial or deep aquifers

with the evaporite horizons as a consequence of underground works poorly realized or difficult to

realize in this context.9

d. artificial cavities (and natural)

Underground cavities can represent a risk of subsidence or collapse during drilling for the installation or over the entire lifetime of the

installation. Underground works poorly realized or difficult to realize in this context, could release the flow

of surface water or water from superficial or deep aquifers to the cavities potentially filled with materials without coherence. This could provoke consolidation

and erosion of the material and consequently subsidence or collapse. Cavities of old karstification

networks (paleokarsts) are also concerned.10

9. Contaminated soil

Risk of « contaminated soil » is a possibility of mobilization of contaminants from the surface to the deeper ground or by bringing uncontaminated aquifer

in contact with contaminated aquifer. This phenomenon could be caused either by drilling during the installation of the geothermal installation or, over

the entire lifetime of the installation, by the infiltration of pollutants from the surface to the aquifer, in

particular, in the case of leakage along the borehole wall or casing.11

10. Karst area

11. Salt water intrusion

12. Permafrost

5.2.4 Temperature threshold values

Temperature diference

1. Temperature difference of the reinjected water (W = GWHP) [°C] <6

a. absolute allowed Tmin of reinjected water

b. absolute allowed Tmax of groundwater 20-32

9 BRGM & CEREMA 2015., p. 27

10 Adapted after BRGM & CEREMA 2015., p. 33 and 38

11 Adapted after BRGM & CEREMA 2015., p. 48




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c. relative value describing the accepted

T between disturbed and ambient undisturbed temperature 3-5

2. Temperature drop (V = BHE)

a. absolute allowed Tmin -3

b. absolute allowed Tmax 20-40


T between disturbed and ambient undisturbed temperature

3. Temperature drop (H = SHC).

a. absolute allowed Tmin

b. absolute allowed Tmax


T between disturbed and ambient undisturbed temperature

5.2.5 Minimum distances from other objects

Distance from other objects Minimum distance to installations

a. next building, 1.5 - 3 b. drinking water well, 1.5 (H) -

c. other uses wells d. other public installations

Minimum distance between neighboring NSGE installations a. heat exchanger or 5 – 10 b. groundwater well

Minimum distance to neighboring plot (property line) 2.5 Minimum distance between pumping and reinjection site

5.2.6 Techical data in application forms

RECOMMENDED TECHNICAL DATA IN APPLICATION FORMS FOR FACILITATED PROCEDURES

France Y/N Y/N Y/N

D.1. Date of the 1st operation [actual / forseen] Y

D.2. System type [Open/Cosed] Y

D.3. System layout [Vertical / Horizontal / Inclined / Deviated / Other] Y

E. CLOSED LOOP SYSTEM

E.0. Heat transfer fluid [Water/Water-antifreezing/Alcohol/Glycol]

E.1. Loop type [Simple-U/Double-U/Coaxaial/Other]

E.2. Installed capacity of closed loop system [kW] Y




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E.3. Number of loops

E.4. Borehole loops: total length [m]

E.5. Borehole loops: max depth [m] Y

E.6. Average spacing between boreholes [m]

Drilling company [name / certificated]

Mark of installed heat exchanger(s)

Diamater of tubes in borehole loops y

Backfilling material

SHC, BASKETS, FOUNDATION PILES

Installer

Diameter of tubings y

Number of horizonatl loops, baskets, piles y

Length of of loops, depth of baskets, depth of piles

Material of tubings

Quantity of heat transfer and nominal pressure

Map of boreholes

E.7. Type antifreeze & conc. in boreholes [Type and g/m3] Y

E.8. TRT value (lambda and resistivity) [W/m/K and (m²K)/W]

F. OPEN LOOP SYSTEM

F.1. Number of wells Y

F.2. Depth of wells (max) [m] Y

F.3. Flow rate [m3/h or l/s] Y

F.4. Thermal impact [m] y

Type of heat transfer fluid in intermediate circuit y

Submersible pump producer/type/max capacity (l/min) y

Depth of submersible pump y

Maximum power abstracted from groundwater [kW] y

Minimum / maximum temperature of water before use y y

Minimum / maximum temperature of reinjected water y y

Maximum temperature difference (cooling / heating) of water y y

Maximum yearly abstracted / injected heat from water [kWh] y y

F.5. Abstracted water will be: [Re-injected / Discharged to sewer / Discharged to surface water]

y

G. HEAT PUMPS

G.1. Number of heat pumps

G.2. Installed capacity [kW Heating / kW Cooling] Y Y

G.3. COP (EN 14511) / SCOPnet (EN 14825:2012) / SPF_H2 (Calculated with field measurements)

Y

G.4. Design system heat temp. [°C]

G.5. Design system cooling temp. [°C]

Refrigerant [type / quantity (kg)] y y

Quality label [Y/N]




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6 Literature

BAFU 2009: Wärmenutzung aus Boden und Untergrund. Vollzugshil für Behörden und Fachleute im

Bereich Erdwärmenutzung. Umwelt-Vollzug Nr. 0910. Bundesamt für Umwelt, Bern. 51 S.

BRGM & CEREMA, 2015. Guide d’élaboration de la carte des zones réglementaires relatives à la

géothermie de minime importance. Direction de prévention des risques, Services des risques

technologiques, Bureau du sol et du sous-sol. Juillet 2015, 83 p.

European Comission, 2017. Report from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council,

the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. Renewable Energy

Progress Report. Brussels, 1.2.2017, COM(2017) 57 final. 18 p.

H. Lesueur, C. Bertin, . Leconte, E. Albert, O. Goyénèche , 2014. Autonomie énergétique et

exploitation du potentiel géothermique très basse énergie et des eaux usées de Clermont

Communauté. Rapport final. BRGM/RP-62634-FR, Décembre 2014. Étude réalisée dans le cadre du

projet d’appui aux politiques publiques du BRGM PSP12AUV07.

C. Legrand, D. Allier, A. Nachbaur avec la collaboration de S. Belkacim, R. Coueffe, P. Herniot, K.

Rousseil, B. Tourliere (2010) – Atlas du potentiel géothermique très basse énergie de la région

Franche-Comté. Rapport final. BRGM RP-58768-FR, 279 p., 104 ill., 13 annexes.

R. Chartier, J. Jouanneau, M. Saint Martin, J. Brun, A. Poux (2012) – Inventaire du potentiel

éothermique en région Rhône-Alpes, Etat des lieux et étude du potentiel – Rapport final – BRGM RP-

60684-FR, 188 p., 108 ill., 3 ann.

Moulin M., avec la coll.de Bauer-Cauneille H., Faure M., Percheval J. & Lyant V.(2013) Etude des

potentialités géothermiques en région Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur. Atlas Géothermique et

évaluation du potentiel géothermique mobilisable. Rapport final. BRGM/RP-62255 -FR, 96 p.,43 ill., 5

ann., 1 CD.

Groupe de travail PDGN, 2010. Programme cantonal de développement de la géothermie à

Neuchâtel (PDGN). Vol. 1 : Rapport final, Vol. 2 : Annexes, CREGE08-10/01, Neuchâtel.

Groupe de travail PGG, 2011. Evaluation du potentiel géothermique du canton de Genève (PGG).

Vol.1 : Rapport final, Vol.2 : Annexes, GADZ 5753/1, Genève.

Prestor, J., Rajver, D., Pestotnik, S., 2016. Karta možnosti uporabe sistemov geotermalnih toplotnih

črpalk. Ref.: Geološki atlas Slovenije. Geological atlas of Slovenia. Urednika: Novak, M. in Rman, N.

Geološki zavod Slovenije. Ljubljana, 2016. 124 str.




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7 ANNEX – Graphical presentations of administrative

procedures

7.1 Common legend of graphical elements in visualizations

Intervention / project

Action

Authorisation procedure / evaluation by competent institution

Questions / options / conditions / decision

Action after unfavourable respond

Action after stimulative respond

Final action / End of procedure

Located on special area

?

SHC

RESEARCH PERMIT

The installation is not possible at this location

Notification of the project at the local administration

Start of construction subjected to individual

official instructions

Notification of completion to the water agency




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7.2 Austria




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7.3 France

NO PROCEDURE

SHC (depth < 10 m)and energy geostructures

BHE GWHP

P < 500 kWD < 200 m

?

Submission for a research permit and

autorisation permit to DREAL

Research permit and autorisation

permitgranted

?

NO

Orange zone?

< 80 m3h-1;Reinjection in the same

aquifer?

YES

A Certified expert must give a"Certificate of

compatibility of a project of minimal

importance"

YES

Statutory zones {defined on WEB-GIS map by special conditions, i.e. subsidence / swelling / collapsing / movement of ground [evaporites, salts, natural and artificial cavities, landslides], polluted land or groundwater, artesian groundwater, aquifer communication, rising groundwater and saltwater intrusion}:"green" zone: only declaration is needed (simplified administrative system);"orange" zone: only declaration is needed, however the bidder is required to provide a "certificate of compatibility" from an expert;"red" zone: geothermal project is subject to authorization (authorizations for research, opening of works and exploitation).

Installation teledeclaration

Realization of the installation by a qualified driller

Within 2 months the drilling company has to

fill the report on the teledeclaration website

Certificate of minimal

importance obtained

?

NO

The installation of the NSGE is not possible at

this location

NOYES

NO

YES

NO

Take notice of : i) objectives and provisions of the water management and management plans (SDAGE),ii) regulations of the water management and management schemes (SAGE)iii) natural hazard prevention plans (town halls)iv) regulations for the protection areas of water withdrawal points intended for human consumption (town halls)v) regulations for the protection of underground storage facilities for gas, oil or chemicals instituted under Book II of the Mining Code (town halls or DREAL)vi) provisions of the departmental health regulations regarding the taking of water intended for human consumption

Bidder takes notice of the

recommandations

Red zone?

YES

NO

Declaration of undergound structure

closing after installation shutdown

END OF PROCEDURE

Green zone

YES




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7.4 Germany – Bayern




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7.5 Italy – Lombardia

7.5.1 Regione Lomabardia - SHC and BHE

YES

*AWPZ = "Absolute Water Protection Zone" (D.Lgs. 152/2006)** RSG = "Registro Sonde Geotermiche"*** Specifications provided in the R.R. n.7/2010**** CURIT = "Catasto Unico Regionale degli Impianti Termici"***** UNI code = "Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione"; specific codes: UNI 11466:2012, UNI 11467:2012, UNI 11468:2012

BHE

Located in

a AWPZ*?

The installation is not

possible at this location

Thermal

load ≥ 50 kW

Starting of construction according

to the guidelines specifications***

Notification of completion to the

Region using the RSG**

Execution of Ground Response Test

Attestation of the closure of the

procedure

BHE ≥150 m

No permission required

Submission of the demand to the

Province

Registration and notification of the

start of construction on the RSG**

Authorization

Obligation of monitoring according to the UNI code *****

specificationsTest of the system

Registration on the

CURIT****

NO

YESNO

YES

NO

SHC

Registration on the the RSG**




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7.5.2 Regione Lomabardia - GWHP

* AWPZ: "Absolute Water Protection Zone" (D.Lgs. 152/2006)** According to the "Piano Nazionale dell'Inquinamento Diffuso" (National Plan for Diffuse Pollution) *** E.I.A. = Environmental Impact Assesment, Annex III of the specific directive**** B.U.R.L. = "Bollettino Ufficiale della Regione Lombardia

Located in a AWPZ*

Environmental Compatibility Act

GWHP

Wells located in a

polluted area**

YESNumerical modeling

aimed at demonstrating the compatibility of the

Submission of the demand to the

Province for the: (i) drilling

(ii) discharge(iii) extraction

YES


this location

Reinjection acceptable?

NO

YES

NO

Flow rate ≥ 50 l/s

NO

YES

NO

Environmentalcompatibility

?


this location

YES

Flow rate< 5 l/s

Start of construction

Publication of the request on the

B.U.R.L.****


procedure

Authorization to the realization of the

groundwater wells

Authorization to the groundwater discharge

in the aquifer

YES

Anypreclusivemotivation

?

Further verification procedures by several

competent authorities:

Integration or modification request

NO

Realization of the modification interventions

Monitoring required (hydrochemical

analyses)

Consent to the groundwater extraction

Termination of Work Notice

Certification of the Director's regular

performance

NO

YES

Attestation of the groundwater quality from the proponent

NO

Subject to E.I.A.? ***

NO

YES




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7.6 Italy – Valle d’Aosta

BHE

No permission requiredEND OF PROCEDURE

Simple communication to the rensponsible

Municipality accompanied by a Geological report

≤ 50 kW

> 50 kW ≤ 1 MW*

Permission required from the Regional Geological Service

Project examined by a joint regional commission

(Environmental Impact Evaluation)

Located at a sensitive

location**?

Installation is not possible at this location

NOYES

YES

NO

YES

NO

* No geothermal plants > 1 MW proposed so far**Sensitive areas are constituted by the absolute water protection zone (D.Lgs. 152/2006) ***The regional law (currently in review) does not allow reinjectionin groundwater, but only in surface watersYearly tax for groundwater exploiting.

GWHP

Preliminary permission for water research required from the

Regional Geological

Located at a sensitive

location**?

Drilling of the well

Water exploiting request

Request evaluated by a joint regional commission


procedure for water exploitation

YES NO


procedure for water discharge in surface

waters

Specific hydrochemicalanalysis

Water discharging request***

SHC

Environmentalcompatibility

?

YES

NO

END OF PROCEDURE

Installation is not possible at this location




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7.7 Slovenia

* If depth > 50 m, construction design is required. If depth > 300 m, revised mining design is required.

** (1) Water consent is needed in the case of possible permanent or temporary impact on water regime or status, water abstraction or reinjection, location on coastal or waterside land, on water or other protected areas or on natural risk zones. (2) E.I.A. procedure is required for abstraction > 107 m3/year. Verification for the subjectibility to the E.I.A. procedure is required for installations with peak abstraction Q > 100 l/s or abstraction of mineral and thermal water .

*** Well: water abstraction from groundwater well (not from spring or surface water), WPA: Water Protection Area, RBMP: River Basin Management Plan, DW: drinking water legislation, Twater < 20°: not abstracted from thermal water aquifer, 100% reinject.: all abstracted water is reinjected into the same aquifer.

WATER CONSENT**

Start of operation

Unacceptableimpact on water

regime or status?

The installation is not possible at this location

YESNOStart of construction subjected to individual

official instructions

Water abstraction

?

YES

NO

Notification of completion to the

water agency

Definition of conditions, limits for

abstraction quantities and monitoring

GWHP

D > 30 m or

Water protection area

?

BHE

NO

Aquifer?

YES

RESEARCH PERMIT*

NO

YES

WATER PERMITPROCEDURE

NO

YES

DECLARATION PROCEDURE

Confirmation of water right

SHC

Start of construction

WellPheat < 16 kWNot in WPA

RBMP & DW accordantTwater < 20°

100% reinject.?***




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7.8 Switzerland




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8 ANNEX – Technical data required in application forms in

countries – compared to data set for “Installation register”

proposed by REGEOCITIES project




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8.1 Austria

REQUIRED TECHNICAL DATA OF SHALLOW GEOTHERMAL INSTALLATION IN ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES

Y/N Y/N Y/N Procedure/ Application form

D.1. Date of the 1st operation [actual / forseen] Y Submission, both procedures

D.2. System type [Open/Cosed] Y Submission, both procedures

D.3. System layout [Vertical / Horizontal / Inclined / Deviated / Other]

Y Submission, both procedures


E.0. Heat transfer fluid 1 [Water/Water-antifreezing/Alcohol/Glycol]


E.1. Loop type [Simple-U/Double-U/Coaxaial/Other] Y Submission, both procedures

E.2. Installed capacity of closed loop system [kW] Y Submission, both procedures

E.3. Number of loops Y Submission, both procedures

E.4. Borehole loops: total length [m] Y Submission, both procedures

E.5. Borehole loops: max depth [m] Y Submission, both procedures

E.6. Average spacing between boreholes [m] Y Submission, both procedures

E.7. Type antifreeze 1 & conc. in boreholes [Type and g/m3] Y Submission, both procedures


F. OPEN LOOP SYSTEM

F.1. Number of wells Y Submission, both procedures

F.2. Depth of wells (max) [m] Y Submission, both procedures

F.3. Flow rate [m3/h or l/s] Y Submission, both procedures

F.4. Thermal impact [m] Y Submission, both procedures



G. HEAT PUMPS

G.1. Number of heat pumps Y Submission, both procedures

G.2. Installed capacity [kW Heating / kW Cooling] Y Y Submission, both procedures



G.4. Design system heat temp. [°C] Y Submission, both procedures

G.5. Design system cooling temp. [°C] Y Submission, both procedures

OTHER TECHNICAL DATA WHICH ARE NOT IN THE TABLE ABOVE BUT THEY ARE REQUIRED FOR THE ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE


CLOSED LOOP SYSTEM

Results of the leak test Y Submission, both procedures

Drilling method Y Submission, both procedures

Grouting : Material and density [g/cm3] Y Submission, both procedures

OPEN LOOP SYSTEM

Temperature spread [K] Y Submission, both procedures

HEAT PUMP

Operating hours [h/a] Y Submission, both procedures




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Product/Type Y Submission, both procedures

Technical drawings of installations and lines Y Submission, both procedures 1 Safety data sheets necessary Y Submission, both procedures




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8.2 France



D.1. Date of the 1st operation [actual / forseen] Y télédéclaration

D.2. System type [Open/Cosed] Y télédéclaration


Y télédéclaration




E.2. Installed capacity of closed loop system [kW] Y télédéclaration



E.5. Borehole loops: max depth [m] Y télédéclaration


E.7. Type antifreeze & conc. in boreholes [Type and g/m3] Y télédéclaration


F. OPEN LOOP SYSTEM

F.1. Number of wells Y télédéclaration

F.2. Depth of wells (max) [m] Y télédéclaration

F.3. Flow rate [m3/h or l/s] Y télédéclaration

F.4. Thermal impact [m]


G. HEAT PUMPS


G.2. Installed capacity [kW Heating / kW Cooling] Y Y télédéclaration


Y télédéclaration





E. Closed loop system: Power exchanged with the ground Y télédéclaration

F. Open loop systems:

Yearly abstracted volume of water from the ground [m3/y] Y télédéclaration

Power exchanged with the ground [kW] Y télédéclaration

G. Heat pumps: EER (cooling) Y télédéclaration




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8.3 Germany



D.1. Date of the 1st operation [actual / forseen]

D.2. System type [Open/Cosed]





E.2. Installed capacity of closed loop system [kW]



E.5. Borehole loops: max depth [m]


E.7. Type antifreeze & conc. in boreholes [Type and g/m3]


F. OPEN LOOP SYSTEM

F.1. Number of wells

F.2. Depth of wells (max) [m]

F.3. Flow rate [m3/h or l/s]



G. HEAT PUMPS


G.2. Installed capacity [kW Heating / kW Cooling]









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8.4 Italy – VdAosta

Foreword: technical data are required just for open loop installation (i.e. water wells drilling)



D.1. Date of the 1st operation [actual / foreseen] Y

D.2. System type [Open/Closed] Y


N



N

E.1. Loop type [Simple-U/Double-U/Coaxaial/Other] N

E.2. Installed capacity of closed loop system [kW] N

E.3. Number of loops N

E.4. Borehole loops: total length [m] N

E.5. Borehole loops: max depth [m] N

E.6. Average spacing between boreholes [m] N

E.7. Type antifreeze & conc. in boreholes [Type and g/m3] N

E.8. TRT value (lambda and resistivity) [W/m/K and (m²K)/W] N

F. OPEN LOOP SYSTEM

F.1. Number of wells Y

F.2. Depth of wells (max) [m] Y

F.3. Flow rate [m3/h or l/s] Y

F.4. Thermal impact [m] Y


Y

G. HEAT PUMPS

G.1. Number of heat pumps N

G.2. Installed capacity [kW Heating / kW Cooling] N


N

G.4. Design system heat temp. [°C] N

G.5. Design system cooling temp. [°C] N




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8.5 Italy – R Lombardia



D.1. Date of the 1st operation [actual / forseen] y Registration on RSG

D.2. System type [Open/Closed] y Registration on RSG


y Registration on RSG



y Registration on RSG

E.1. Loop type [Simple-U/Double-U/Coaxaial/Other] y Registration on RSG

E.2. Installed capacity of closed loop system [kW] y Registration on RSG

E.3. Number of loops n

E.4. Borehole loops: total length [m] y Registration on RSG

E.5. Borehole loops: max depth [m] y Registration on RSG

E.6. Average spacing between boreholes [m] n

E.7. Type antifreeze & conc. in boreholes [Type and g/m3] y n Registration on RSG

E.8. TRT value (lambda and resistivity) [W/m/K and (m²K)/W] n n

F. OPEN LOOP SYSTEM

F.1. Number of wells y Publication on BURL

F.2. Depth of wells (max) [m] y Publication on BURL

F.3. Flow rate [m3/h or l/s] y Publication on BURL



y Publication on BURL

G. HEAT PUMPS

G.1. Number of heat pumps y Registration on RSG

G.2. Installed capacity [kW Heating / kW Cooling] y y Registration on RSG


y y Registration on RSG

G.4. Design system heat temp. [°C] y

G.5. Design system cooling temp. [°C] y



E. Closed loop system: peak thermal dispersion (kWt) y Registration on RSG

annual total energy requirement (kWht) y Registration on RSG

F. Open loop system: geological and hydrogeological setting y Publication on BURL

volumetry of the building y Publication on BURL

thermal power/refrigerant heat pump y Publication on BURL

forward and return T° of the heat pump y Publication on BURL

absorbed thermal power y Publication on BURL

hours of operation y Publication on BURL




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8.6 Slovenia



D.1. Date of the 1st operation [actual / forseen] y AF3 (Water permit)

D.2. System type [Open/Cosed] y AF2 (Water consent)








E.5. Borehole loops: max depth [m]


E.7. Type antifreeze & conc. in boreholes [Type and g/m3]


F. OPEN LOOP SYSTEM


F.2. Depth of wells (max) [m] y AF1 (Reserch permit)

F.3. Flow rate [m3/h or l/s] y AF1 (Reserch permit)



y AF3 (Water permit)

G. HEAT PUMPS






OTHER TECHNICAL DATA WHICH ARE NOT IN THE TABLE ABOVE BUT THEY REQUIRED FOR THE ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE


Producer of heat pump y AF4 (Eco Fund)

Heat pump model y AF4 (Eco Fund)

Heat pump type [Water to water / Brine to water ] y AF4 (Eco Fund)

Seasonal space heating energy efficiency ηs of heat pump (if not HP from the Eco Fund list)

y AF4 (Eco Fund)

Type of water abstraction site (spring / river / lake / well / drainage / other)

y AF3 (Water permit)

Type of aquifer [Tgroundwater < 20 °C / Thermal (> 20 °C)] y AF3 (Water permit)




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Capacity of water abstraction site [l/s] y AF3 (Water permit)

Forseen abstraction [cumulative m3/year and max. l/s] y y AF3 (Water permit)

Location of water reinjection site y AF3 (Water permit)

Forseen re-injection rate y AF3 (Water permit)

Short description of abstraction site(s) y AF3 (Water permit)

Description af abstraction regime y AF3 (Water permit)

Area of impact [m2] y AF2 (Water consent)

Type of impact [waterside land / water regime] y AF2 (Water consent)




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8.7 Switzerland



D.1. Date of the 1st operation [actual / forseen]

D.2. System type [Open/Cosed]




y



E.3. Number of loops y


E.5. Borehole loops: max depth [m] y


E.7. Type antifreeze & conc. in boreholes [Type and g/m3] y y


F. OPEN LOOP SYSTEM


F.2. Depth of wells (max) [m]

F.3. Flow rate [m3/h or l/s]



G. HEAT PUMPS








CLOSED LOOP SYSTEM

BHE

Drilling company [name / certificated] y y

Mark of installed heat exchanger(s) y

Diamater of tubes in borehole loops y

Backfilling material

SHC, BASKETS, FOUNDATION PILES

Installer




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Diameter of tubings

Number of horizonatl loops, baskets, piles

Length of of loops, depth of baskets, depth of piles

Material of tubings

Quantity of heat transfer and nominal pressure

Map of boreholes

OPEN LOOP SYSTEM

Type of heat transfer fluid in intermediate circuit y

Submersible pump producer/type/max capacity (l/min) y y y

Depth of submersible pump y

Maximum power abstracted from groundwater [kW] y

Minimum / maximum temperature of water before use y y

Minimum / maximum temperature of reinjected water y y

Maximum temperature difference (cooling / heating) of water

y y

Maximum yearly abstracted / injected heat from water [kWh]

y y

HEAT PUMPS

Refrigerant [type / quantity (kg)] y y

Injection of heat to the ground / aquifer [Y/N] y

Electricity consumption for cooling y

Quality label [Y/N] y

https://www.bafu.admin.ch/bafu/fr/home/themes/eaux/publications/publications-

eaux/exploitation-chaleur-tiree-sol-sous-sol.html

http://www.vd.ch/fileadmin/user_upload/themes/environnement/eau/fichiers_pdf/DIRNA_EAU_QP

_65b_%C3%A9ditable.pdf




http://www.vd.ch/fileadmin/user_upload/themes/environnement/eau/fichiers_pdf/DIRNA_EAU_QP_65b_%C3%A9ditable.pdf

http://www.vd.ch/fileadmin/user_upload/themes/environnement/eau/fichiers_pdf/DIRNA_EAU_QP_65b_%C3%A9ditable.pdf

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9 ANNEX – Overview of criteria - specific for facilitated

procedure

9.1 Special areas – initial information from national and local regulations

specific for facilitated procedure

Special areas A F D I-VdA I-RL SI CH

25. Water protection area (WPA) y y y y y y Y

26. Natura 2000 area y Y Y

27. Nature protected ecosystem area Y Y

28. Flood and erosion areas y Y Y

29. Landslide area y Y Y y

30. Riparian / coastal zone y Y Y y




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9.2 Special geological conditions – specific for facilitated procedures

Special geological conditions (natural / background conditions)

– specific for facilitated procedures

Special geological conditions – criteria for simplified procedure

A F D I-VdA I-RL SI CH

15. Artesian or confined aquifers Y12 Y Y*

y

16. Very shallow water table Y*13 Yx Y


Y*

18. Two or multiple aquifer layers Y* Y Y*

y

19. Mineral water resources Y Y* Y*

y

20. Thermal water resources Y Y* Y*

Yx y

21. Gas occurrences Y

Y*

Y* y

22. Unstable ground Y* Y

y

a. compressible soil

b. landslide

Y

c. evaporites / salts

Y Y*

- artificial cavities

y

23. Contaminated soil Yx Y Y

Y

y

24. Karst area Yx Y* Y

y

Salt water intrusion

Y

Permafrost

Interaction with other installations and water rights

Y

Permanent or temporary impact on water regime or status

Y

* - Mentioned in Deliverable 2.1 - Annex 3, but not in visualization (file : GRETA_WP2A21_Annex_3_v03 Near surface geothermal energy regulations by countries.docx) x – Mentioned only in visualization, but not in Deliverable 2.1 - Annex 3, p. 10. Austria: All federal states have their own definitions of sensitive location, according to the geological and hydrogeological conditions (check information provided by federal states or your planner).

12 At productive aquifers with low artesian pressure (< 3 m) approval is obligatory. Drilling of artesian

aquifers with expected pressure of > 3 m above surface not allowed.

13 Minimum cover layer thickness of 2 meters.




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9.3 Technical data – specific threshold values for facilitated procedures

Technical data – threshold values for simplified procedures

A F D IVdA I-RL SI CH


E.0. Heat transfer fluid

E.1. Loop type

E.2. Installed capacity of closed loop system [kW] <500 <30 <50 <50



E.5. Borehole loops: max depth [m] <300 <200 <150 <30


E.7. Type antifreeze & conc. in boreholes

E.8. TRT value

F. OPEN LOOP SYSTEM


F.2. Depth of wells (max) [m] <200 <30

Installed capacity of open loop system [kW] <500 <50 <16

F.3. Flow rate [m3/h] <80 <18

Temperature of groundwater [°C] <25 <20


F.5. Reinjection into same aquifer [%] 100 100

G. HEAT PUMPS


G.2. Installed capacity of HP

G.3. COP / SCOPnet / SPF






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Temperature diference A F D I SI CH

7. Temperature difference of the reinjected water (W = GWHP) [°C]

<6 6(4)

a. absolute allowed Tmin of groundwater >5

b. absolute allowed Tmax of groundwater <20 32 20 2014

c. relative value describing the accepted T between disturbed and ambient undisturbed temperature

<115 <416 3(5)17 3-418 ±319

8. Temperature drop (V = BHE)

a. absolute allowed Tmin Φ -1,520 -3 (V) 0(-3)21 1(4)22 -1,523

b. absolute allowed Tmax Φ 3024 40 20 (28)4025


6 (1126) 3-4

8. Temperature drop (H = SHC).

a. absolute allowed Tmin

b. absolute allowed Tmax Φ 3027


(1228)

14

T max reinjection = 20 °C (Milano, Varese), T max reinjection = 25 °C (Bergamo, Mantova). These values are related to ground water. 15

Regulative practice (e.g. City of Vienna): Legal standing (active role in the permitting procedure) granted to pre-existing users in case of the following changes in groundwater quantity and quality: dT > 1 °C, dH (absolute change of water table) > 0.1 m 16

Impact < 4 °C at 200m from reinjection well 17

Relative value T allowed is 3 °C for Bergamo and 5 °C for Varese 18 The temperature difference between supply and return temperature is typically between 3 K and 4 K for

small systems. Larger systems may operate with larger temperature differences. (SIST EN 15450:2007, p. 25) 19

Normally ±3 °C after mixing; can be more locally restricted to the injection well (100 m) 20

Average temperature of the brine during heating 21

0 °C in baseload, -3 °C in peak load (system should be closed) 22

Tmin = 1 °C (4 °C if the heat carried fluid is pure water) 23 Average minimal temperature of the heat carrier fluid -1.5 °C (difference between entry and exit of the BHE) not allowed falling below defined boundary in 50 years of operation. 24

Average temperature of the brine during cooling 25

Tmax = 40 °C if demonstrated that the structural function of the energy piles is not compromised. 26

The temperature drop between the return temperature of the heat exchange medium and the undisturbed ground temperature (i.e. 10 m depth), during continuous operation, shall not be of such extent that technical problems arise during operation. A typical value for Central Europe is 11 K. (SIST EN 15450) 27

Average temperature of the brine during cooling 28

The temperature drop between the return temperature of the heat exchange medium and the undisturbed ground temperature, during continuous operation, shall not be of such extent that technical problems arise during operation. A typical value for Central Europe is 12 K. (SIST EN 15450).




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9.4 Required distances

Distance from other objects A F D I SI CH 3. Minimum distance to installations x29

a. next building, 1 (H) 1.5(3) 230 x31 b. drinking water well, 1.5 (H) 20032 x33

c. other uses wells 1.5 (H) 3034 x35 d. other public installations 1 (H) = c.

4. Minimum distance between neighboring NSGE installations

a. heat exchanger or x36 8-10 5 b. groundwater well x37 30 x38

5. Minimum distance to neighboring plot (property line) 2.5 5(V) 1.5(3) 239 1.540 2.541

6. Minimum distance between pumping and reinjection site x42 ≥ 10 x43 25 x44

29

Agreement of the competent body responsible for the waterworks, sewage systems, transport, heating networks, telecommunications, etc. is required. 30

Piemonte region: 4.5-5 m 31

a) the standard SIA 384/6 recommends to build NSGE-V next to buildings and to only construct the system below buildings when the space is limited the regulation depends on the individual canton. Cantonal examples: Bern: 2 m, Graubünden: not regulated, Schwyz: not allowed below buildings, distance not regulated, Tessin: not regulated, Valais: not regulated. 32

Bolzano Province: 200 m drinking wells, 30 m other uses wells 33

No specific distances, it depends on the individual hydrogeological conditions. 34

Lombardia Region: ≥ 10 m drinking and other uses wells 35

it is not allowed to impact other users; no specific distances are provided. 36

Preexisting rights are not allowed to be affected. 37

Preexisting rights are not allowed to be affected. Critical legislative key value limiting influence of existing use: dT < 1 °C, dH < 0.1 m. Estimation of minimum distance between production and reinjection well based on analytic assumptions and numerical modelling. 38

Individual, large enough so that they don’t interact (based on hydrogeological investigations/simulations). 39

Bolzano Province: L > 6 m, less if the neighbor agrees; Veneto Province: L < 2 m if the neighbor agrees; Belluno Province: L ≥ 4 m for depth probes equal to 120 m, for deeper probes the distance must be bigger; Lombardia Region: According to Civil Code and in any case ≥ 4 m. 40

Construction Act: If L < 1.5 m: written consent of neighboring land owners. Municipality of Cerkno: Written argument and written consent of neighboring land owners is needed for boreholes if distance < 0.5 m and for wells deeper than 50 m if distance < 4 m. 41

depends on the canton resp. Municipality. In general 2.5 m (to guarantee minimum distance between two individual heat exchangers; see above). Cantonal examples: Bern: 3 m (less with agreement of the neighbour), Graubünden: depends on the municipality, the canton recommends 2.5 m, Schwyz: 2.5 m, Tessin: 5% of the drilling length, Valais: no minimum distance. 42

Small scale single use: simplified analytic estimation. Large scale, multiple wells or complex hydrogeological settings: numerical modelling. 43

It depends by the site conditions related to the breadth of the ownership. 44

Depends on hydrogeological simulation.




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10 APPENDIX – Selected cases and administrative

procedures in the Excel file

WP2_A22_Selection of legislative procedure_06.xlsx

Link to GRETABOX:


