completion-course-26-12.pdf

8/10/2019 Completion-Course-26-12.pdf

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Other completion items

• Travel Joints

• SBE Seal Bore Extension

• PBR (Polished Bore Recepticle)

• TSR (Tubing Seal Recepticle)

ALL DESIGNED TO ALLOW TUBING MOVEMENT

© 2006 Weatherford. All rights reserved.136



SSD - Position

Sliding Side Door

Upper Completion

E ui ment




Sliding Side Door (SSD)

To provide Communication

between the casing annulus

and the tubing.

Sliding Sleeve, Communication, ,

Tool, Reverse Circulating Device,

Tail i e Kick Off Device.




SLIDING SIDE DOOR

A Sliding Side Door (SSD) or Sliding Sleeve, Figure 4, allows communication

between the tubing and the annulus. Sliding Side Doors consist of two concentric

sleeves, each with slots or holes.

The inner sleeve can be moved with well intervention tools, usually wireline, to align

the openings to provide a communication path for the circulation of fluids.

• To circulate a less dense fluid into the tubing prior to production

• To circulate a ro riate kill fluid into the well rior to workover

• As a production devices in a multi-zone completion• As a contingency should tubing/tailpipe plugging occur

• As a contingency to equalise pressure across a deep set plug after pressure

integrity testing

• To assist in the removal of hydrocarbons below packers.

,

should be known prior to opening.

NOTE: In some areas, the sealing systems between the concentric sleeves


producing tubing-to-annulus communication is used (e.g. Side PocketMandrel, Tubing Perforating).



SSD Applications

Uses:

• Selective Zone

Isolation

• Dual well production

• Kill/circulation path




SSD Operation

– .

–

Open Position – ports and slot are open, insert is shifted all the way




Safety Systems




Sub Surface Systems

Critical Safety item to shut in well below ground (seabed) in an


• s oca e a mu p e oca ons: eg e ec , oa an ng e c



SUB-SURFACE SAFETY VALVES (SSSVS)

• The purpose of an SSSV is to shut off flow from a well in the event of

.

serious damage to the wellhead, failure of surface equipment, and

fire at surface. Different operating companies have differingp osop es on e nc us on an . or examp e, n an o s ore

well, at least one SSSV is placed in every well at a depth which

varies from 200 ft to 2,000 ft below the sea bed. The depth at which

an SSSV is installed in a completion is dependent on wellenvironment (onshore, offshore), production characteristics (wax or

hydrate deposition depth), and the characteristics of the safety valve

(maximum failsafe setting depth).

• NOTE: It is generally recommended that an SSSV be installed ina well that is capable of sustaining natural flow.

• NOTE: In the North Sea, the installation of an SSSV is governed

© 2006 Weatherford. All rights reserved.

.

144



Types of Safety Valves

Local laws define usage

• Direct Controlled (DCSSV)

– High flow activated

– Low Pressure activated

• Surface Controlled SCSSV

– Tubing Retrievable

–

• Types of closure

– Flapper

– Ball


– Poppet



SSSVs can be divide into type groups according to their method of operation:

• rec on ro e a e y a ves: ese are es gne o s u n e we w en

changes occur in the flowing conditions at the depth of the valve, that is, when the

flowing condition exceed a pre-determined rate or when the pressure in the tubing atthe de th of the valve falls below a re-determined value. Such valves are often called

.storm chokes..

• Remote Controlled Safety Valves: These are independent of changes in well

control line to the depth of the safety valve. Loss of hydraulic pressure will result inclosure of the valve. A number of monitoring pilots or sensing devices can be linked to

the safety system, each pilot capable of causing the valve to close if it senses a

po en a y angerous s ua on. ese va ves are erme ur ace on ro e u -

Surface Safety Valves (SCSSVs). An SCSSVs run on wireline is called a wireline

retrievable safety valve (WRSV) and is installed in a special safety valve landing nipple

SVLN which is made u as art of the com letion strin A control line external to the

tubing provides hydraulic pressure to actuate the valve open. The main advantage of

utilising a WRSV is that it can be economically retrieved for inspection. A primary

disadvantage of a WRSV is related to its restricted bore which does present a


res r c on o ow, an can cause y ra e or para n p ugg ng e appropr a e

conditions exist An SCSSVs run as part of the tubing string is called a tubingretrievable safety valve (TRSCSSV);

146



TRSCSSV

Tubing Retrievable Surface

Controlled Subsurface Safety

Valve

TRSCSSV

Key Words:

Blowout Containment, Hydraulic

, ,

Ball Valve, Flapper Valve, WRSCSSV

System.




Wireline (Insert) Safety Valve

• Inserted into nipple profile or inside a TRSV

• Held open by hydraulic pressure from surface

•




Flow Coupling

• Installed above/below

any area of flow

turbulence to revent

internal tubing erosion.

restriction




TUBING HANGER

Sits inside the Tubing Head Spool and provides the following functions:

• Suspends the tubing

• Provides a seal between the tubing and the tubing head spool

• Installation point for barrier protection. (accept a BPV Back Pressure

valve)

The Tubing Head Spool provides the following functions:

• Provides a facility to lock the tubing hanger in place

• Provides a facility for fluid access to the .A. annulus

• .

Both the Tubing Hanger and Tubing Head Spool are prepared to allow

the actuation of an SCSSV.


150



Christmas Tree

• An Xmas Tree is an assembly of valves, all with specific functions, used to control flow from the

well and to provide well intervention access for well maintenance or reservoir monitoring.

• NOTE: The Xmas Tree is normally connected directly to the tubing hanger spool that sits

on the uppermost casing head spool. The whole assemblage of Xmas Tree, Tubing

Hanger, and uppermost Casing Head Spool is sometimes referred to as the Wellhead.

• A Xmas Tree may be a composite collection of valves or, more commonly nowadays, constructed

from a single block; Refer to Figure 11. The solid block enables the unit to be smaller and

eliminates the danger of leakage from flanges. Typically, from bottom to top, an Xmas Tree will

contain the following valves:

• NOTE: Nowadays, all Xmas Tree valves are of the gate-valve type that allows ful l bore

access.


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