Components of the Components of the System UnitSystem UnitChapter 4Chapter 4

Introduction to ITIntroduction to IT

Darlene RinghandDarlene Ringhand

The System UnitThe System Unit

The working unit/processorThe working unit/processor DesktopDesktop NotebookNotebook PalmPalm Mobile computerMobile computer Cell PhoneCell Phone

MotherboardMotherboard

Pulls all the working parts togetherPulls all the working parts together Adapter CardsAdapter Cards Processor ChipsProcessor Chips Memory ModuleMemory Module Expansion slotsExpansion slots Electric/battery systemsElectric/battery systems

ProcessorProcessor

Central Processing Unit (CPU)Central Processing Unit (CPU) Control Unit – Directs and coordinates most of the Control Unit – Directs and coordinates most of the

operationsoperations Arithmetic Logic Unit – Arithmetic operations and Arithmetic Logic Unit – Arithmetic operations and

calculationscalculations Machine CycleMachine Cycle

FetchingFetching DecodingDecoding ExecutingExecuting StoringStoring

ProcessorProcessor

Registers – Part of the processor that Registers – Part of the processor that hold data temporarilyhold data temporarily

System Clock System Clock Quartz CrystalQuartz Crystal Controls the timing of operationsControls the timing of operations

Some ProcessorsSome Processors

Page 191Page 191 PentiumPentium AthlonAthlon CeleronCeleron XeonXeon ItaniumItanium

Buying a Personal Buying a Personal ComputerComputer

What are you going to use it for?What are you going to use it for? What would you like it to do for you?What would you like it to do for you? What is your budget?What is your budget? Will you need lots of memory?Will you need lots of memory? What about a video card?What about a video card?

How Do You Dispose of How Do You Dispose of an Old Computer?an Old Computer?

Bad for environmentBad for environment Can be recycledCan be recycled Should not go into landfillsShould not go into landfills

Do not degradeDo not degrade Hazardous materialsHazardous materials

Who should be responsible?Who should be responsible? Government?Government? Manufacturers?Manufacturers?

Artificial Intelligence?Artificial Intelligence?

20 Questions20 Questions

Heating and CoolingHeating and Cooling

Heat SinksHeat Sinks Absorb or defuse heatAbsorb or defuse heat

How Many fans in your computer?How Many fans in your computer?

What is ASCIIWhat is ASCII

8-bit byte8-bit byte 00110100 = 400110100 = 4 00110110 = 600110110 = 6 01000101 = E01000101 = E Page 195 and AppendixPage 195 and Appendix

MemoryMemory

How much memory does the new Dell How much memory does the new Dell computer have?computer have?

KB = 1,024 bytesKB = 1,024 bytes MB = 1,048,576MB = 1,048,576 GB = 2,073,741,824GB = 2,073,741,824 TB = 1,099,511,627,776TB = 1,099,511,627,776

Memory TypesMemory Types

RAMRAM Random Access MemoryRandom Access Memory Can be changedCan be changed Cache – remembers “stuff” & speeds up Cache – remembers “stuff” & speeds up

computercomputer

ROMROM Read Only MemoryRead Only Memory Does not change once it is loadedDoes not change once it is loaded

SpeedSpeed

It takes about one-tenth of a second to It takes about one-tenth of a second to blink your eye, which is the equivalent of blink your eye, which is the equivalent of 100 million nanoseconds. In the time it 100 million nanoseconds. In the time it takes to blink your eye, a computer can takes to blink your eye, a computer can perform some operations 10 million perform some operations 10 million times!times!

Other MemoryOther Memory

Flash MemoryFlash Memory Adapter cards/slotsAdapter cards/slots PC CardsPC Cards Flash Memory CardsFlash Memory Cards USB DrivesUSB Drives Great place to buy themGreat place to buy them

Connector TypesConnector Types

Serial PortSerial Port Parallel PortsParallel Ports USB PortsUSB Ports FireWire PortsFireWire Ports MIDI PortsMIDI Ports SCSI PortsSCSI Ports IRDA PortIRDA Port Bluetooth PortBluetooth Port

BussesBusses

PCI BusPCI Bus USB BusUSB Bus

Expansion SlotsExpansion Slots

SlotsSlots Adapter CardsAdapter Cards

Many UsesMany Uses

Home/PersonalHome/Personal Office/Home OfficeOffice/Home Office MobileMobile PowerPower Large BusinessLarge Business

Good MousekeepingGood Mousekeeping

Keeping your computer cleanKeeping your computer clean KeyboardKeyboard MouseMouse MonitorMonitor

Career CornerCareer Corner

A computer engineer designs and A computer engineer designs and develops the electronic components develops the electronic components found in computers and peripheral found in computers and peripheral devices.devices.

Need MS, MS and/or Ph.D.Need MS, MS and/or Ph.D. Salary RangeSalary Range

$56,000 to $92,000 annually$56,000 to $92,000 annually Experienced $115,000 and upExperienced $115,000 and up