compressed natural gas
DESCRIPTION
Compressed Natural Gas pptTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Compressed Natural Gas](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062310/5695d1631a28ab9b0296528b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS
Presented byAnkit Omar
Maharshi SinghM.Tech (Automobile)
![Page 2: Compressed Natural Gas](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062310/5695d1631a28ab9b0296528b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
WHAT IS CNG? CNG is the compressed form of the Natural gas,
which is using for power generation.
Natural gas is drawn mainly from gas wells or in conjunction with crude oil production. And also from coal and biogas.
Natural gas is compressing to around 200- 240 bar to obtain CNG.
CNG mainly consists of methane ( 80 - 95%).
CNG’s octane rating is 110.
![Page 3: Compressed Natural Gas](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062310/5695d1631a28ab9b0296528b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
HISTORY Natural gas has long been considered an
alternative fuel for the transportation sector. In fact, the first internal combustion engine
vehicle to run on natural gas was created by Etienne Lenoir in 1860!
The First Natural Gas Vehicle 1860
![Page 4: Compressed Natural Gas](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062310/5695d1631a28ab9b0296528b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
CURRENT STATUS CNG is mainly using for automobile and power
generation applications.
Worldwide there are approximately 12.4 million CNG vehicles by 2010.
In India CNG is using for the metropolitan city transports and in passenger cars.
Delhi having a large number CNG vehicles and filling stations in India.
GAIL is the main supplier of CNG in India.
![Page 5: Compressed Natural Gas](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062310/5695d1631a28ab9b0296528b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF NATURAL GAS
Component Typical Analysis(mole %)
Range(mole %)
Methane 95.2 87.0 - 96.0Ethane 2.5 1.5 - 5.1Propane 0.2 0.1 - 1.5Iso - Butane 0.03 0.01 - 0.3Normal - Butane 0.03 0.01 - 0.3Iso - Pentane 0.01 trace - 0.14normal - Pentane 0.01 trace - 0.04Hexanes plus 0.01 trace - 0.06Nitrogen 1.3 0.7 - 5.6Carbon Dioxide 0.7 0.1 - 1.0Oxygen 0.02 0.01 - 0.1Hydrogen trace trace - 0.02 Specific Gravity 0.58 0.57 - 0.62Gross Heating Value (MJ/m3), dry basis *
37.8 36.0 - 40.2
![Page 6: Compressed Natural Gas](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062310/5695d1631a28ab9b0296528b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
PROPERTIES OF CNG CNG is used in its primary gasiform state.
Colourless, Odourless and Tasteless gas.
CNG is cheaper than gasoline fuels. Lighter than atmospheric air.
CNG is measuring in Kg.
Not contain Lead and Sulphur.
High octane rating.
![Page 7: Compressed Natural Gas](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062310/5695d1631a28ab9b0296528b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
COMBUSTION PROPERTIES OF CNGIgnition Point: 593 oC *
Flammability Limits 4% - 16% (volume % in air) *
Theoretical Flame Temperature (stoichiometric air/fuel ratio)
1960 oC (3562 oF) †
Maximum Flame Velocity 0.3 m/s †
Relative density (specific gravity) 0.58 ‡
![Page 8: Compressed Natural Gas](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062310/5695d1631a28ab9b0296528b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
CNG CONVERSION
![Page 9: Compressed Natural Gas](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062310/5695d1631a28ab9b0296528b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
CNG CONVERSION CONTINUED….
![Page 10: Compressed Natural Gas](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062310/5695d1631a28ab9b0296528b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Compressed Natural Gas](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062310/5695d1631a28ab9b0296528b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
CNG VEHICLE (NGV) SYSTEM
![Page 12: Compressed Natural Gas](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062310/5695d1631a28ab9b0296528b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
CNG VEHICLE (NGV) SYSTEM CONTD….
![Page 13: Compressed Natural Gas](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062310/5695d1631a28ab9b0296528b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
COMPARISON Comparison of emission characteristics
![Page 14: Compressed Natural Gas](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062310/5695d1631a28ab9b0296528b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
ADVANTAGES Cheaper than gasoline fuels
Less pollution
No transportation losses
Increased safety as compared to LPG
CNG powered vehicle has, 1.Lower maintenance cost. 2. No evaporation losses. 3.Increase life of lubricating oil.
![Page 15: Compressed Natural Gas](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062310/5695d1631a28ab9b0296528b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
DISADVANTAGES
Non-renewable source.
CNG need more space for fuel storage.
While filling gas, tank is get heated up.
Comparatively less power compared with gasoline engines.
![Page 16: Compressed Natural Gas](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062310/5695d1631a28ab9b0296528b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
CONCLUSION CNG is the best source of energy.
It reduces the greenhouse gases.
Sources of CNG is larger than the gasoline fuels.
Increasing demand of CNG vehicles shows the acceptance of CNG fuel.
CNG and DIESEL combination (DNG) is also using in Heavy vehicles.