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CompTIA® Network+

N10-006

Emmett Dulaney

800 East 96th Street Indianapolis, Indiana 46240 USA

CompTIA® Network+ N10-006 Exam Cram, Fifth Edition Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book shall be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information contained herein. Although every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher and author assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. Nor is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein. ISBN-13: 978-0-7897-5410-3 ISBN-10: 0-7897-5410-X Library of Congress Control Number: 2015934591 Printed in the United States of America Second Printing: September 2015

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Editor-in-Chief Dave Dusthimer

Acquisitions Editor Betsy Brown

Development Editor Jeff Riley

Managing Editor Sandra Schroeder

Senior Project Editor Tonya Simpson

Copy Editor Keith Cline

Indexer Johnna VanHoose Dinse

Proofreader Paula Lowell

Technical Editor Christopher A. Crayton

Editorial Assistant Vanessa Evans

Media Producer Lisa Matthews

Cover Designer Alan Clements

Compositor Mary Sudul

Contents at a Glance Introduction 1

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Networking 9

CHAPTER 2 The OSI Model and Networking Protocols 41

CHAPTER 3 Addressing and Routing 93

CHAPTER 4 Components and Devices 135

CHAPTER 5 Cloud Computing Basics 161

CHAPTER 6 Installation and Configuration 173

CHAPTER 7 Cabling and Wiring 219

CHAPTER 8 Wireless 279

CHAPTER 9 Network Management 325

CHAPTER 10 Network Optimization 367

CHAPTER 11 Network Security 383

CHAPTER 12 Network Troubleshooting 471

Glossary 555

Index 603

On the CD:

Practice Exam 1

Answers to Practice Exam 1

Practice Exam 2

Answers to Practice Exam 2

Table of Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Networking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

LANs, WANs, MANs, SCADA/ICS, Medianets, and Network Models . 10

LANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

WANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

MANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

SCADA/ICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Medianets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Network Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Centralized Versus Distributed Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Network Topologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Bus Topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Ring Topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Star Topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Wired Mesh Topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Wireless Topologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Point-to-Point, Point-to-Multipoint, and Wireless Mesh

Topologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Hybrid Topologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Creating a SOHO Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

What’s Next? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

CHAPTER 2 The OSI Model and Networking Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

The Networking Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

The OSI Seven-Layer Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

The TCP/IP Four-Layer Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Identifying the OSI Layers at Which Various Network

Components Operate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

The DHCP Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

DHCP and DNS Suffixes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

DHCP Relays and IP Helpers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Domain Name Service (DNS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

The DNS Namespace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Types of DNS Entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

DNS Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

DNS in a Practical Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Components of SNMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

SNMP Management Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

SNMP Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Management Information Bases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

SNMP Communities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

SNMPv3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Connection-Oriented Protocols Versus Connectionless

Protocols. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Internet Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Transmission Control Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

User Datagram Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

File Transfer Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Secure File Transfer Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Trivial File Transfer Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Hypertext Transfer Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Post Office Protocol Version 3/Internet Message Access Protocol

Version 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Telnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Secure Shell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Internet Control Message Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Address Resolution Protocol/Reverse Address Resolution

Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Network Time Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83