Analog Computing

Analog computers measure data

on a scale with many values

Digital Computers

• Work with data with a fixed value• Bits = 0 or 1

Digital Computers

Smallest unit = Bit

Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit = Byte

Digital Computers

Digital Computers

Smallest unit = Bit

Bit is short for binary digit

Input

Processing

Output

Storage

Input

Raw Data entered into a

computer

=

Input

Devices

Input Device - Types

Text Audio Graphic Video

MouseKeyboard

Scanner

Digital Video Camera

Digital Camera

Microphone

Barcode Reader

Webcam

Touch Screen

OCR Scanner

Joystick

Inputting Sound

Sound Card

• Changes sound from

audio to digital

• Processes the sound

• Reverses process and

turns sound back to

analog form

Inputting Still Images

Scanner• A lot like a fax machine

• Converts pictures to

digital files that a

computer can read

• OCR – Optical Character

Recognition

Converts image of

text to editable text

Inputting Still Images

Digital Camera

• Takes image from the

lens and makes a digital

file readable by a

computer

• Has a memory card for

storage

Inputting Video

Digital

Video Camera • Records moving images

in digital form

• Video Card changes

analog video to digital

form

Output

Displays results of processing

Text Audio

Graphic Video

Output Devices

Hardware

Can be

peripherals

Output

4 Output Device - Types

Text Audio Graphic Video

Monitor MonitorMonitor

PrinterPrinter

Television

Projector

Speakers

Headphones

Specialized

Output Devices

• Circuit board

• Changes data into

electrical currents and

send them to the

monitor

• VRAM is video memory

that processes only

video

Video

Adapter

Specialized

Output Devices

• Has 2 LCD panels

• Sends video images to

computer

• Virtual reality

• CAVE is a virtual reality

room

Headsets

Specialized

Output Devices

• Lets computer read

text files aloud

• Allows computer to

create music

Speech

Synthesis

Software

MIDI

Group Computing

• Supercomputers – largest

Used by large corporations

• ServersLarge corporations

Small business

• MainframesMostly

Government

Individual Computing

• WorkstationsRobust and powerful PC

used for complex work

architects and engineers

• Desktop computers

• Laptop Computers

• Tablets & Smart Phones

What is Input?

• Data

words, numbers, images

• Software Instructions

Performs a job

• User Commands

Clicking an icon in a software program

• Responses

Answering a question asked by software

Text Graphics

Sound Video

What is Output?

• Results of processing

What Output Device?

• Text

• Graphics

• Video

• Audio

Monitor

Monitor

Monitor

Printer

Printer

Television

Projector

SpeakersHeadphones