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COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERING

LABORATORY MANUAL

Subject Code : 15A03801

Regulations : JNTUA – R15

Class : IV B.Tech II Sem)

CHADALAWADA RAMANAMMA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

(AUTONOMOUS)

Chadalawada Nagar, Renigunta Road, Tirupati – 517 506

Department of Mechanical Engineering

COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERING LAB

Introduction to Analysis Software FEA (Finite Element Analysis):

Finite Element analysis is a way to simulate loading conditions on a design

and determine the designs response to those conditions.

The design is modeled using discrete building blocks called elements. Each

element has exact equations that describe how it responds to a

certain load.

The “Sum” of the response of all elements in the model gives the total

response of the design. The elements have a finite number of unknowns,

hence the name finite elements.

The finite element model, which has a finite number of unknowns, can only

approximate the response of the physical system which has

infinite unknowns. ANSYS (Analysis System):

ANSYS is a complete FEA software package used by engineers worldwide

in virtually all fields of engineering.

ANSYS is a virtual Prototyping technique used to iterate various scenarios

to optimize the product. General Procedure of Finite Element Analysis: Creation of geometry or continuum using preprocessor.

Discretization of geometry or continuum using preprocessor.

Checking for convergence of elements and nodes using preprocessor.

Applying loads and boundary conditions using preprocessor.

Solving or analyzing using solver

Viewing of Results using postprocessor. Define Material Properties: Define the necessary material from the library that composes the object

model which includes thermal and mechanical properties.

Generate Mesh: Now define how the model system should be broken down into finite pieces. Apply Loads: The last task in preprocessing is to restrict the system by constraining the

displacement and physical loading.

CAE Lab, Dept. of ME, CREC, Tirupathi 1


Obtain Solution: The solution is obtained using solver available in ANSYS. The computer

can understand easily if the problem is solved in matrices. Present the Result: After the solution has been obtained there are many ways to present

Ansys result either in graph or in plot. Specific Capabilities of ANSYS Structural Analysis: Static Analysis: It is the used to determine displacement, stress etc. under static loading

conditions. Ansys can compute linear and non-linear types (e.g. the large

strain hyper elasticity and creep problems). Transient Dynamic Analysis: It is used to determine the response of a structure to time varying loads. Buckling Analysis: It is used to calculate buckling load and to determine the shape of the

component after applying the buckling load. Both linear buckling and non – linear buckling analysis are possible. Thermal Analysis: The steady state analysis of any solid under thermal boundary conditions

calculates the effect of steady thermal load on a system (or) component

that includes the following. Convection.

Radiation.

Heat flow rates.

Heat fluxes.

Heat generation rates.

Constant temperature boundaries. Fluid Flow: The ANSYS CFD offers comprehensive tools for analysis of two-

dimensional and three dimensional fluid flow fields. Acoustic / Vibrations: Ansys is the capable of modeling and analyzing vibration system. Acoustic

is the study of the generation, absorption and reflection of pressure

waves in a fluid application. Few examples of acoustic applications are

COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERING LAB Design of concert house, where an even distribution of sound

pressure is possible.

Noise cancellation in automobile.

Underground water acoustics.

Noise minimization in machine shop.

Geophysical exploration. Performing a Typical ANSYS Analysis: The ANSYS program has many finite element analysis capabilities, ranging

from a simple, linear, static analysis to a complex, nonlinear, transient

dynamic analysis. The analysis guide manuals in the ANSYS

documentation set describe specific procedures for performing analyses

for different engineering disciplines. A typical ANSYS analysis has three distinct steps:

Build the model.

Apply loads and obtain the

solution. Review the results. Building a Model Building a finite element model requires more of an ANSYS user's time

than any other part of the analysis. First, you specify a Job name and

analysis title. Then, you use the PREP7 preprocessor to define the

element types, element real constants, material properties, and the model

geometry. Specifying a Job name and Analysis Title This task is not required for an analysis, but is recommended. Defining the Job name The Job name is a name that identifies the ANSYS job. When you define a

Job name for an analysis, the Job name becomes the first part of the

name of all files the analysis creates. (The extension or suffix for these

files' names is a file identifier such as .DB.) By using a Job name for each

analysis, you insure that no files are overwritten. If you do not specify a

Job name, all files receive the name FILE or file, depending on the

operating system. Command(s): /FILNAME GUI: Utility Menu>File>Change Job name


Defining Element Types The ANSYS element library contains more than 100 different element

types. Each element type has a unique number and a prefix that identifies

the element category: BEAM4, PLANE77, SOLID96, etc. The following

element categories are available:

The element type determines, among other things:

The degree-of-freedom set (which in turn implies the discipline-

structural, thermal, magnetic, electric, quadrilateral, brick, etc.) Whether the element lies in two-dimensional or three-dimensional

space. For example, BEAM4, has six structural degrees of freedom (UX, UY, UZ,

ROTX, ROTY,ROTZ), is a line element, and can be modeled in 3-D space.

PLANE77 has a thermal degree offreedom (TEMP), is an eight-node

quadrilateral element, and can be modeled only in 2-D space. Defining Element Real Constants Element real constants are properties that depend on the element type,

such as cross-sectional properties of a beam element. For example, real

constants for BEAM3, the 2-D beam element, are area (AREA), moment of

inertia (IZZ), height (HEIGHT), shear deflection constant (SHEARZ), initial

strain (ISTRN), and added mass per unit length (ADDMAS). Not all

element types require real constants, and different elements of the same

type may have different real constant values. As with element types, each set of real constants has a reference number,

and the table of reference number versus real constant set is called the

COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERING LAB real constant table. While defining the elements, you point to the

appropriate real constant reference number using the REAL command

(Main Menu> Preprocessor>Create>Elements>Elem Attributes). Defining Material Properties

Most element types require material properties. Depending on the

application, material properties may be: Linear or nonlinear Isotropic, orthotropic, or anisotropic Constant temperature or temperature-dependent. As with element types and real constants, each set of material properties

has a material reference number. The table of material reference numbers

versus material property sets is called the material table. Within one

analysis, you may have multiple material property sets (to correspond

with multiple materials used in the model). ANSYS identifies each set with

a unique reference number. Main Menu> Preprocessor> Material Props> Material Models. Creating the Model Geometry

Once you have defined material properties, the next step in an

analysis is generating a finite element model-nodes and elements-that

adequately describes the model geometry. There are two methods to

create the finite element model: solid modeling and direct generation.

With solid modeling, you describe the geometric shape of your model,

then instruct the ANSYS program to automatically mesh the geometry

with nodes and elements. You can control the size and shape of the

elements that the program creates. With direct generation, you

"manually" define the location of each node and the connectivity of each

element. Several convenience operations, such as copying patterns of

existing nodes and elements, symmetry reflection, etc. are available.

Apply Loads and Obtain the Solution

In this step, you use the SOLUTION processor to define the analysis

type and analysis options, apply loads, specify load step options, and

initiate the finite element solution. You also can apply loads using the

PREP7 preprocessor.


Applying Loads

The word loads as used in this manual includes boundary conditions

(constraints, supports, or boundary field specifications) as well as other

externally and internally applied loads. Loads in the ANSYS program are

divided into six categories:

DOF Constraints

Forces

Surface Loads

Body Loads Inertia Loads Coupled-field Loads You can apply most of these loads either on the solid model (key points,

lines, and areas) or the finite element model (nodes and elements). Two

important load-related terms you need to know are load step and sub

step. A load step is simply a configuration of loads for which you obtain a

solution. In a structural analysis, for example, you may apply wind loads

in one load step and gravity in a second load step. Load steps are also

useful in dividing a transient load history curve into several segments.

Sub steps are incremental steps taken within a load step. You use them

mainly for accuracy and convergence purposes in transient and nonlinear

analyses.Sub steps are also known as time steps taken over a period of

time. Initiating the Solution

To initiate solution calculations, use either of the following:

Command(s): SOLVE GUI: Main Menu>Solution>Current LS When you issue this command, the ANSYS program takes model and

loading information from the database and calculates the results. Results

are written to the results file (Job name.RST, Job name.RTH, Job

name.RMG, or Job name.RFL) and also to the database. The only

difference is that only one set of results can reside in the database at one

time, while you can write all sets of results (for all sub steps) to the

results file.


Review the Results

Once the solution has been calculated, you can use the ANSYS postprocessors to review the results. General Steps Step 1: Ansys Utility Menu File – clear and start new – do not read file – ok

File – change job name – enter new job name – xxxx –

ok File – change title – enter new title – yyy – ok Step 2: Ansys Main Menu – Preferences Select – STRUCTURAL - ok Step 3: Preprocessor

Element type – select type of element from the table and the required

options

Real constants – give the details such as thickness, areas, moment of

inertia, etc. required depending on the nature of the problem. Material Properties – give the details such as Young’s modulus,

Poisson’s ratio etc. depending on the nature of the problem. Step 4: Modeling Create the required geometry such as nodes elements, area, volume

by using the appropriate options. Step 5: Generate

Elements/ nodes using Mesh Tool if necessary (in 2D and 3D

problems) Step 6: Apply boundary conditions/loads Such as DOF constraints, Force/Momentum, Pressure etc. Step 7: Solution Solve the problem Step 8: General Post Processor Plot / list the required results. Step 9: Plot ctrls– animate – deformed shape – def+undeformed-ok Step 10:To save the solution ansys tool bar- save, model


ANALYSIS OF A TRUSS MEMBER UNDER LOADING

EXP NO: Date:

Aim: To find Stress in each element, Reaction forces, Nodal displacement

by using ANSYS software. Take PRXY-0.32

Software Used: Operating system: Windows 10, ANSYS (Version15.0) Procedure: The three main steps to be involved are

Pre Processing

Solution Post Processing Start - All Programs – ANSYS 15.0 - Mechanical APDL Product Launcher –

Set the Working Directory as E Drive, User - Job Name as Roll No., Ex.

No. – Click Run.

File – clear and start new – do not read file – ok – yes. Ansys Main Menu – Preferences - Structural- h-Method - Ok. Preprocessing:

Element type – Add/Edit/Delete – Add – Link – 3D Finitstn 180 – ok –

close. Real constants – Add – ok – real constant set no – 1 – c/s area – 0.1

– ok – close.


Material Properties – material models – Structural – Linear – Elastic –

Isotropic – EX – 210e9 –PRXY-0.32- ok – close.

Modeling – Create – Nodes – In Active CS – x,y,z location in CS – 0,0

Apply (first node is created) – x,y,z location in CS – 4,0 (x value w.r.t

first node) – apply (second node is created) x,y,z location in CS – 4, 3

(x, y value w.r.t first node) – apply (third node is created) – 0, 3 (x, y

value w.r.t first node) – ok (forth node is created).

Create – Elements – Elem Attributes – Material number – 1 – Real

constant set number – 1 – ok Auto numbered – Thru Nodes – pick 1 &

2 – apply – pick 2 & 3 – apply – pick 3 & 1 – apply – pick 3 & 4 – ok

(elements are created through nodes). Loads – Define loads – apply – Structural – Displacement – on Nodes

– pick node 1 & 4 – apply – DOFs to be constrained – All DOF – ok –

on Nodes – pick node 2 – apply – DOFs to be constrained – UY – ok.

Loads – Define loads – apply – Structural – Force/Moment – on

Nodes- pick node 2 – apply – direction of For/Mom – FX –

Force/Moment value – 2000 (+ve value) – ok – Structural –

Force/Moment – on Nodes- pick node 3 – apply – direction of

For/Mom – FY – Force/Moment value – -2500 (-ve value) – ok. Solution: Solve – current LS – ok (Solution is done is displayed) – close. Post Processing:

Element table – Define table – Add – ‘Results data item’ – By

Sequence num – LS – LS1 – ok. Plot Results – Deformed Shape – def+undeformed – ok.

Plot results – contour plot – Line Element Results – Elem table item at

node I – LS1 – Elem table item at node J – LS1 – ok (Line Stress

diagram will be displayed).

Plot results – contour plot – Nodal solution – DOF solution –

displacement vector sum – ok.

List Results – reaction solution – items to be listed – All items – ok

(reaction forces will be displayed with the node numbers).

List Results – Nodal loads – items to be listed – All items – ok (Nodal

loads will be displayed with the node numbers). PlotCtrls – Animate – Deformed shape – def+undeformed-ok


For Report Generation:

File – Report Generator – Choose Append – OK – Image Capture – Ok

- Close.

Result:


STRESS ANALYSIS OF A PLATE WITH CIRCULAR HOLE

EXP NO: Date:

Aim: To conduct the stress analysis in a plate with a circular hole

using ANSYS software.

Software Used: Operating system: Windows 10, ANSYS (Version15.0) Procedure: The three main steps to be involved are

Pre Processing

Solution Post Processing Start - All Programs – ANSYS 15.0- Mechanical APDL Product Launcher

– Set the Working Directory as E Drive, User - Job Name as Roll No., Ex.

No. – Click Run.

File – clear and start new – do not read file – ok – yes. Ansys Main Menu – Preference - Structural- h-Method - Ok. Preprocessing: Element type - Add/Edit/Delete – Add – Solid, Quade4 node 182 – Ok

– Option – Choose Plane stress w/thk - Close. Real constants - Add/Edit/Delete – Add – Ok – THK 0.5 – Ok - Close.


Material props - Material Models – Structural – Linear – Elastic –

Isotropic - EX 200e9, PRXY 0.3 - Ok.

Modeling – Create – Areas – Rectangle - by 2 corner - X=0, Y=0,

Width=100, Height=50 - Ok. Circle - Solid circle - X=50, Y=25,

Radius=10 - Ok. Operate – Booleans – Subtract – Areas - Select the

larger area (rectangle) – Ok – Ok - Select Circle – Next –Ok - Ok. Meshing - Mesh Tool – Area – Set - Select the object – Ok - Element

edge length 0.5 – Ok - Mesh Tool -Select TRI or QUAD - Free/Mapped

– Mesh - Select the object - Ok. Solution:

Define Loads – Apply – Structural – Displacement - On lines - Select

the boundary where is going to be arrested – Ok - All DOF - Ok.

Pressure - On lines - Select the load applying area – Ok - Load PRES

valve = -1 N/mm2- Ok. Solve – Current LS – Ok – Solution is done – Close. Post Processing: Plot Results – Deformed Shape – def+undeformed – ok. Plot results – contour plot – Element solu – Stress – Von Mises Stress

– ok (the stress distribution diagram will be displayed). PlotCtrls – Animate – Deformed shape – def+undeformed-ok For Report Generation:


- Close.

Result:


STRESS ANALYSIS OF RECTANGULAR L BRACKET

EXP NO: Date:

Aim: To conduct the stress analysis of a rectangular L section bracket

using ANSYS software

Software Used: Operating system: Windows 10 ANSYS (Version15.0) Procedure: The three main steps to be involved are

Pre Processing

Solution Post Processing Start - All Programs – ANSYS 15.0- Mechanical APDL Product Launcher –

Set the Working Directory as E Drive, User - Job Name as Roll No., Ex.

No. – Click Run.

File – clear and start new – do not read file – ok – yes. Ansys Main Menu – Preference - Structural- h-Method - Ok.


Preprocessing:

Element type - Add/Edit/Delete – Add – Solid – Quad 8 node – 183 –

ok – option – element behavior K3 – Plane stress with thickness – ok

– close.

Real constants - Add/Edit/Delete – Add – Ok – real constant set no –

1 – Thickness – 0.5 – ok.

Material props - Material Models – Structural – Linear – Elastic –

Isotropic - EX 30e6 – PRXY – 0.27 – ok – close.

Modeling – Create – Area – Rectangle – by dimensions – X1, X2, Y1,

Y2 – 0, 6, 0, 2 – apply – Create – Area – Rectangle – by dimensions

– X1, X2, Y1, Y2 – 4, 6, -2, 2 – ok. Create – Area – Circle – solid

circle – X, Y, radius – 0, 1, 1 – apply – X, Y, radius – 5, -2, 1 – ok. Operate – Booleans – Add – Areas – pick all. Create – Lines – Line fillet – pick the two lines where fillet is required

– apply – fillet radius – 0.4 – ok. Create – Areas – Arbitrary – by

lines – pick filleted lines – ok. Operate – Booleans – Add – Areas –

pick all. Create – Area – Circle – solid circle – X, Y, radius – 0, 1, 0.4

– apply – X, Y, radius – 5, -2, 0.4 – ok.

Operate – Booleans – Subtract – Areas – pick area which is not to be

deleted (bracket) – apply – pick areas which is to be deleted (pick

two circles) – ok.

Meshing – Mesh Tool – Mesh Areas – Quad – Free – Mesh – pick all –

ok. Mesh Tool – Refine – pick all – Level of refinement – 0.1 – ok. Loads – Define loads – apply – Structural – Displacement – on Lines

– select the inner lines of the upper circle – apply – DOFs to be

constrained – ALL DOF – ok.

Loads – Define loads – apply – Structural – Pressure – on Lines –

Pick line defining bottom left part of the circle – apply – load PRES

value – 50 – optional PRES value – 500 – ok. Structural – Pressure –

on Lines – Pick line defining bottom right part of the circle – apply –

load PRES value – 500 – optional PRES value – 50 – ok. Solution: Solve – current LS – ok (Solution is done is displayed) – close. Post Processing: Plot Results – Deformed Shape – def+undeformed – ok.


Plot results – contour plot – Nodal solution – Stress – Von Mises

Stress – ok (the stress distribution diagram will be displayed). PlotCtrls – Animate – Deformed shape – def+undeformed-ok For Report Generation:

File – Report Generator – Choose Append – OK – Image Capture –

Ok - Close.

Result:


STRESS ANALYSIS OF BEAM EXP NO: Date:

Aim: Compute the Shear force and bending moment diagrams for the

beam shown and find the maximum deflection. Assume rectangular c/s

area of 100 mm * 100mm, Young’s modulus of 210 GPA, Poisson’s ratio

0.27.

Software Used: Operating system: Windows 10 ANSYS (Version15.0) Procedure: The three main steps to be involved are

Pre Processing

Solution Post Processing

Ansys Main Menu – Preferences-Select – STRUCTURAL- h method –

ok

Element type – Add/Edit/Delete – Add – BEAM – 2 node 188– ok-

close.

Material Properties – material models – Structural – Linear – Elastic – Isotropic

– EX – 2.10e5– PRXY – 0.27 – ok – close.

Sections-Beams-common sections- sub type- rectangle (1st

element) -enter b=100, h=100- preview-ok.

Modelling – Create – Nodes – In Active CS x, y, z location in CS–

1000 -ok – Apply (first node is created) – x, y, z location in CS–

1000 (x value w.r.t first Key point) – apply (second Key point is


created) – 2500 (x value w.r.t first Key point) – apply (third Key

point is created) - x, y, z location in CS-3500 (x value w.r.t first

Key point)- ok-(fourth Key point is created)

Create – Elements – Autonumbered – Thru nodes – pick 1 & 2 &3 &

4

– ok (lines are created through Key point).

Loads – Define loads – apply – Structural – Displacement – on

nodes - pick nodes1- DOFs to be constrained – all DOF - pick Key

point 4 – apply – DOFs to be constrained – UY – ok.

Loads – Define loads – apply – Structural – Force/Moment – on Key

point - pick Key point 2 – apply –direction of For/Mom – FY –

Force/Moment value :-2000(-ve value) – ok- Force/Moment – on

Key point - pick Key point 3 – apply

–direction of For/Mom – FY – Force/Moment value : -4000(-ve

value) – ok.

Solution-Solve – current LS – ok (Solution is done is displayed) – close.

Post Processing:

Displacement: Plot Results – Contour plot – Nodal solution – DOF

solution – displacement vector sum – ok.

Stress: Plot Results – Contour plot – Nodal solution – stress –

vonmises stress

– ok.

Element table – Define table – Add – ‘Results data item’ – By

Sequence num – SMISC(Summation Miscellaneous record) –SMISC,

6 – apply, By Sequence num – SMISC – SMISC, 19 – apply, By

Sequence num –SMISC – SMISC, 3 – apply, By Sequence num –

SMISC – SMISC,16– ok – close.

Plot results – contour plot – Line Element Results – Elem table item

at node I – SMIS6 – Elem table item at node J – SMIS19 – ok

(Shear force diagram will be displayed).

Plot results – contour plot – Line Element Results – Elem table item

at node I –SMIS6 – Elem table item at node J – SMIS16 – ok

(bending moment diagram will be displayed).

Reaction forces: List Results – reaction solution – items to be listed


– All items

– ok (reaction forces will be displayed with the node numbers).

NOTE: For Shear Force Diagram use the combination SMISC 6 & SMISC

19, for Bending Moment Diagram use the combination SMISC 6 & SMISC

16.

Animation: Plotctrls – Animate – Deformed results – DOF solution –

USUM – ok. RESULT:

18


CONDUCTIVE HEAT TRANSFER ANALYSIS OF A 2D COMPONENT EXP NO: Date: Aim: Consider the Tapered bar shown in figure below. Determine the Nodal Displacement, Stress in each element, Reaction forces.

E = 2 x 105 N/mm2

, Area at root = 20 x 20 = 400 mm2

, Area at the end = 20

x 10 = 200 mm2

.

Procedure:

The three main steps to be involved are

1. Pre Processing

2. Solution

3. Post Processing

1. Ansys Utility Menu - File – clear and start new – do not read file – ok –

yes. 2. Ansys Main Menu – Preferences - select – STRUCTURAL - ok 3. Pre-processor - Element type – Add/Edit/Delete – Add – BEAM –

tapered 54 – ok- close.

4. Pre-processor - Real constants – Add – ok – real constant set no – 1 –

cross-sectional AREA1 – 400 – moment of inertia about Z IZ1 –

20*20**3/12 – cross-sectional AREA2 – 200 – ok. 5. Pre-processor - Material Properties – material models – Structural –

Linear – Elastic – Isotropic – EX – 2e5 – PRXY – 0.27 – ok – close. 6. Pre-processor - Modelling – Create – Nodes – In Active CS – Apply

(first node is created) – x, y, z location in CS – 100 (x value w.r.t first

node) – ok (second node is created).

Pre-processor - Create – Elements – Auto numbered – Thru Nodes –

pick 1 & 2 – ok (elements are created through nodes).

COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERING LAB 7. Pre-processor - Loads – Define loads – apply – Structural –

Displacement – on Nodes- pick node 1 – apply – DOFs to be

constrained – ALL DOF – ok. 8. Pre-processor - Loads – Define loads – apply – Structural –

Force/Moment – on Nodes- pick node 2 – apply – direction of For/Mom

– FX – Force/Moment value

– 1 (+ve value) – ok. 9. Solution - Solve – current LS – ok (Solution is done is displayed) –

close. 10. General Post Processor - Element table – Define table – Add –‘ Results

data item’

– By Sequence num – SMISC – SMISC, 2 – apply, By Sequence num –

SMISC –

SMISC, 8 – apply, By Sequence num – SMISC – SMISC, 6 – apply,

By Sequence

num – SMISC – SMISC, 12 – ok – close. 12. General Post Processor - Element table – define table – add – ‘Results

data item’

– By Sequence num – NMISC – NMISC, 1 – apply, ‘results data item’ –

By Sequence num – NMISC – NMISC, 3 – ok. 13. General Post Processor - Plot Results – Deformed Shape –

def+undeformed – ok. 14. General Post Processor Plot results – contour plot – Line Element

Results – Elem table item at node I – SMIS2 – Elem table item at node

J – SMIS8 – ok (Shear force diagram will be displayed). 15. General Post Processor - Plot results – contour plot – Line Element

Results – Elem table item at node I – SMIS6 – Elem table item at node

J – SMIS12 – ok (bending moment diagram will be displayed).

NOTE: For Shear Force Diagram use the combination SMISC 2 & SMISC 8,

for Bending Moment Diagram use the combination SMISC 6 & SMISC 12.

For Maximum Stress diagram use the combination NMISC 1 & NMISC 3.

4. General Post Processor - Plot results – contour plot – Line Element

Results – Elem table item at node I – NMIS1 – Elem table item at

node J – NMIS3– ok (the maximum stress value will be displayed).

5. General Post Processor - List Results – reaction solution – items to


be listed – All items – ok (reaction forces will be displayed with the

node numbers).

6. General Post Processor - List Results – Nodal loads – items to be

listed – All items – ok (Nodal loads will be displayed with the node

numbers).

7. PlotCtrls – Animate – Deformed shape – def+undeformed - ok.


STRESS ANALYSIS OF A SUPPORT STRUCTURE

EXP NO: Date: Aim: To determine Heat Transfer rate, Heat Flux, Temperature Gradient

in On Dimensional Heat Transfer.

Thermal conductivity =100 W/m-C Procedure: Preference > Thermal

2. Preprocessor >

a. Element Type> add> solid> Brick 8 Node 70 b. Material> Temperature Units> Celsius

c. Material Model> Thermal> Temperature

d. Modeling> create> Volume> Block>By Dimensions> 0 -

0.6 0 – 0.4 0 – 0.1

ee. Meshing> Size> Manual> Global Size> 0.06,10

Mesh Tool> Volume> Hex> Mesh> Select Hole> Block

3. Solution> Define load> Thermal> Temperature

Area> Select the vertical side> Temperature> 1200

C>

OK Area> Box> other side> Temperature> 400

C> OK

COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERING LAB 4. Solve> In Current L.S

5. General Post Processing > Plot results> Contour Plot> Nodal >

DOF> Nodal Temperature

6. Plot Ctrl > Animate> deform result> list> result> Nodal > Solution>

Thermal Gradient

Result:


CONDUCTIVE HEAT TRANSFER ANALYSIS OF A 2D COMPONENT

EXP NO: Date: Aim: To conduct the conductive heat transfer analysis of a 2D component

by using ANSYS software.

Thermal conductivity of the plate, KXX=401 W/(m-K). Procedure: The three main steps to be involved are

Pre Processing

Solution Post Processing Start - All Programs – ANSYS 12.0/12.1 - Mechanical APDL Product

Launcher – Set the Working Directory as E Drive, User - Job Name as Roll

No., Ex. No. – Click Run. File – clear and start new – do not read file – ok – yes. Ansys Main Menu – Preference - Thermal- h-Method - Ok. Preprocessing:


ok – option – element behavior K3 – Plane stress with thickness – ok

– close.

Real constants - Add/Edit/Delete – Add – Ok – THK 0.5 – Ok – Close.

Material Properties – material models – Thermal – Conductivity –

Isotropic – KXX – 401 – Ok – Close.


Modeling – Create – Area – Rectangle – by dimensions – X1, X2, Y1,

Y2 – 0, 10, 0, 20 – ok.

Meshing – Mesh tool – Areas, set – select the object – Ok – Element

edge length 0.05 - Ok – Mesh tool- Tri, free - mesh – Select the

object –Ok. Loads – Define loads – apply – Thermal – Temperature – on Lines –

select 1000 C lines – apply – DOFs to be constrained – TEMP – Temp

value – 1000 C – ok.

Loads – Define loads – apply – Thermal – Temperature – on Lines –

select 1000 C lines – apply – DOFs to be constrained – TEMP – Temp

value – 2000 C – ok. Solution: Solve – current LS – ok (Solution is done is displayed) – close. Post Processing:

Plot results – contour plot – Nodal solu – DOF solu – Nodal

Temperature –– ok PlotCtrls – Animate – Deformed results – DOF solution – USUM – ok. For Report Generation:


- Close.

Result:


CONVECTIVE AND CONDECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER ANALYSIS OF A

2D COMPONENT

EXP NO: Date:

Aim: To conduct the conductive and convective heat transfer analysis of

a 2D component by using ANSYS software.

Thermal conductivity of the plate, KXX=16 W/(m-K). Procedure: The three main steps to be involved are

Pre Processing

Solution Post Processing Start - All Programs – ANSYS 12.0/12.1 - Mechanical APDL Product

Launcher – Set the Working Directory as E Drive, User - Job Name as Roll

No., Ex. No. – Click Run. File – clear and start new – do not read file – ok – yes. Ansys Main Menu – Preference - Thermal- h-Method - Ok. Preprocessing:


ok – close Real constants - Add/Edit/Delete – Add – Ok.

Material props - Material Models –Thermal – Conductivity – Isotropic –

KXX 16 – Ok.


Modeling – Create – Key points - In active CS – enter the key point

number and X, Y, Z location for 8 key points to form the shape as

mentioned in the drawing. Lines – lines - Straight line - Connect all

the key points to form as lines. Areas – Arbitrary - by lines - Select all

lines - ok. [We can create full object (or) semi-object if it is a

symmetrical shape]

Meshing – Mesh tool – Areas, set – select the object – Ok – Element

edge length 0.05 - Ok – Mesh tool- Tri, free mesh – Select the object

–Ok.

Solution – Define Loads – Apply – Thermal – Temperature - On lines –

Select the lines –Ok – Temp. Value 300 – Ok – Convection – On lines

– select the appropriate line – Ok – Enter the values of film coefficient

50, bulk temperature 40 – Ok. Solution: Solve – current LS – ok (Solution is done is displayed) – close. Post Processing:

General post proc – List results – Nodal Solution – DOF Solution –

Nodal temperature – Ok.

Plot results – Contour plot – Nodal solution – DOF solution – Nodal

Temperature – Ok. PlotCtrls – Animate – Deformed results – DOF solution – USUM – ok. For Report Generation:


- Close.

Result:


DETERMINE LIQUID ENTERS THROUGH TWO INLETS WITH

DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES (MULTIPHASE FLOW) AND LEAVES

ONE OUTLET

EXP NO: Date:

Aim: Determine liquid enters through two inlets with different

Temperatures (Multiphase flow) and leaves one outlet.

Definition of problem: There is a mixing chamber for the fluid which

has Inlet1 & Inlet2 and has an outlet. The fluid enters through Inlet1with

Temperature T1=285k & Velocity V1=5m/s .The same fluid enters

through other inlet2 with a Temperature T2=300k & Velocity V2=10m/s. Apparatus: CFX and ANSYS computational fluid dynamics post processor

Procedure: Create-Fluid flow(CFX) double click on it.

Geometry-New geometry-right click-import MC.Stp. Mesh-right click-edit-enter into AnsysIcem CFD-select face option-define

Inlet 1 by selecting face and give right click-create named selection-enter

selection name as Inlet1-ok-similarly define Inlet2 and Outlet-right click

on mesh-update-click on file-save project-revisit project file-right click on

mesh-update. Setup-right click-edit-tools(in command bar) quick setup mode-simulation

definition-problem type: single phase-fluid: water-next-Analysis type-

steady state-reference pressure-1Atn-Heat transfer: Thermal energy-

turbulence: k-epsilon-next

COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERING LAB Boundary definition-default domain default-right click on it-delete

boundaries-right click-add boundary-name:Inlet-CFX-01-domain-default

domain-ok-Inlet01-Boundary type: Inlet location: Inlet-01: flow

specification-option-normal speed:5m/sec-static temperature: 285k-

similarly right click on boundaries-add boundaries-Name: Inlet-02-

boundary type: Inlet-location: Inlet-02-flow specification: option: normal

speed:10m/sec-static temperature:350K- Boundaries-right click-name-outlet cfx-ok-boundary type: outlet-location:

outlet-option-average static pressure-relative pressure:0pa-next. Final operations-operation: enter general mode-finish. Solver control-option-upwind-convergence control-min.iterations:1-max.

itterations:100-fluid time scale control-time scale control: physical time

scale-physical time scale:2 s-ok Solution: Solution-double click-runmode: serial-start run-message generated

procedure is completed manually-ok. Post Processing: Velocity Distribution Profile Stream line-name:Inlet01-geometry-start from Inlet01-#of points:25-

color-mode:variable-variable:velocity-apply. Stramline-name:Inlet02-

geometry-start from Inlet02-#of points:25-color-mode:variable-

variable:velocity-apply. Animation-select both Inlet01 & Inlet02-Play. Temperature Distribution Profile Streamline-name:InletTemp01-geometry-start from:Inlet1-color

mode:variable-variable:Temperature-apply similarly.

Streamline-name:InletTemp02-geometry-start from:Inlet2-color

mode:variable-variable:Temperature-apply. Animation-select both InletTemp01 & InletTemp02-Play. Result:


DETERMINE THAT OF INCOMPRESSIBLE WATER FLOWING OVER A

CYLINDER

EXP NO: Date: Aim: Determine that of Incompressible water flowing over a cylinder Apparatus: Fluid flow(Fluent) and ANSYS computational fluid dynamics

post processor.

Procedure: Create-Fluid flow(Fluent) double click on it. Geometry-rightclick-

edit-XYplane(frontview)-lookat-units-meter-sketching-settings-

grid:2D√-snap:√ Draw-rectangle-dimension: general-details of view- V1:15m, H2:30m,

dimensions-vertical-V3:7.5m,horizontal-H4:15m-Draw-circle-dimensions-

diameter-D5:2mts. Concept (task bar)-surface from sketches-xy plane-sketch1-apply-

generate-surfacesk1-sketch1-1part1body-surface body-details view-

fluid/solid: fluid-save project.

Mesh-geometry-“surface body”-details of surface body-thickness:0mts-

generate mesh-mesh(right click)-insert-method-geometry-select body-

apply-method:triangles-update-mesh(rightclick)-insert-sizing-edge-select

the circle-elemenet size:0.025m-generate mesh-mesh(right click)-insert-

inflation-geometry-select the face of the rectangle plate-boundary: edge

select-circle-apply-inflation option: first layer thickness-first layer height-

0.025m-maximum layers-40-growth rate:2.5-update. Mesh-sizing-max.face size:0.3m-update. Edge select-select edges(Top & Bottom edges)-right click-create named

selection-wall-ok.

COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERING LAB Select left portion of rectangle-right click-named selection-inlet-select

right side-right click-named selection-outlet-circle-create named

selection-cylinder. Set up: Setup-parallel-double precision-process:4-CPGP US per machine:1-ok.

Solver-pressure based-absolute-transient-planar. Models-viscous laminar-material: air-create/edit materials-fluent-

database-water-liquid(h20<l>)-copy-name:fluid-density(kg/m3):1

viscosity(kg/m-s):1-change/create-ok-close. Boundarycondition-inlet-

type:velocity-inlet-edit-velocity/magnitude(m/s):80-ok

Reference values-compute from:inlet solutionmethods-

transientformulation:second order-implicit. Monitors-create-drag-

dragmonitor-√print to console-√plot-window:2. Wallzones:cylinder-

axes:axis-y:autorange-minimum:1.2-maximum:2-close.

Create-lift-print to console-plot-window:3-wallzones.

Cylinder-axes-axisy-type:float-precision:4-minimum:-

0.25-maximum:0.25-apply-close-ok. Solution Initalization:Hybrid initialization-initialize

Calculation activites-autosaveevery(time steps):1 Runcalculation-Timestepsize(s):0.01-number of time steps:250-max

iterations/time setup:50-calculate. Results-contour plot-ok-details of contour1-domain:surfacebody-

locations:symmetry 1-variable:velocity in stnframeU-apply. Time step selector-0.1sec-apply & 2.4 sec-apply. #of points:200-apply-smoother contours you can observe. Details of contour 1-variable:pressure-apply-details of contour1-

variable:velocity in stn frame 4-apply. Result:

COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERING LAB DETERMINE THE FLOW OF INCOMPRESSIBLE GAS THROUGH AN S-

BEND FOR LAMINAR FLOW EXP NO: Date:

Aim: Determine flow of incompressible gas through an s-bend for

turbulent flow.

Definition of problem: There is a incompressible gas methane is

entered into a s-bend through inlet with temperature T=293k & Velocity

V=5 m/s. Apparatus: FLUENT and ANSYS FLUENT post processor.

ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN INCHES

Procedure: Create-FLUENT double click on it. UNITS- INCHES

1. GEOMETRY Geometry-New geometry-right click-import MC.Stp- Tools-symmetry-

select xy-plane.

2. MESH Mesh-mesh control-inflation-select body top surface (walls) –apply.

COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERING LAB Select inlet face-right click – create named selection-enter name as inlet -

ok-similarly define outlet, walls and symmetry-right click on mesh-

update.

3. SETUP Double click on setup- default window will be open in that select -3d-

parallel-ok. Set up your models for the CFD simulation

a) CLICK ON MODELS-enable the energy equation option.

b) Click ok to close ENERGY dialog box.

c) CLICK ON MODELS-select viscous laminar-edit-viscous module-

enable the K-epsilon –ok.

d) Materials-materials (create/edit)-create/edit materials-fluent

database-select METHENE (CH4) –material type fluid-copy-close.

e) Cellzone conditions-type fluid-edit-zone name as fluid-material

name as methane-ok.

f) Boundary conditions-inlet-edit-momentum-velocitymagnitude(0.5)-

gauge pressure(0)-ok.

g) Boundary conditions-inlet-edit-thermal-293K-ok.

4. solution

h) Solution- solution initialization-enable hybrid initialization-initialize

ok.

i) Solution-run calculation-Number of iterations(500)-calculate.

5. Results Results-Graphics and Animation-contours-setup-contours-enable the following options-filled, node values, global range, auto range

-Select Velocity-Velocity Magnitude from the Contours of drop-down

lists- Select symmetry from the Surfaces selection list- Click Display to

display the contours in the active graphics window.

k) Results-Graphics and Animation-contours-setup-contours-enable

the following options-filled, node values, global range, auto range-

Select Temperature-Static Temperature from the Contours of drop -

down lists-Click Display to display the contours in the active graphics

window.


Post-processor-Display results in ANSYS FLUENT. With ANSYS FLUENT still running, you can perform a simple evaluation of

the velocity and temperature contours on the symmetry plane. Later, you will

use ANSYS CFD-Post (from within ANSYS Workbench) to perform the same evaluation. Double click on results on fluid flow (fluent)

a. Insert a streamline object for velocity

-click on streamline-this display the insert stream line dialog box-

keep default name as stream line 1- click on ok to close dialog box-

details of streamline 1-

i) In the geometry tab-select type 3D streamline.

ii) In the domains-set as- fluid

iii) Start from-symmetry4

iv) Sampling-equally speed

v) # of points-75-click on apply. b) Animation-click on animation icon-select streamline1-ok.

Result:


DETERMINE THE FLOW OF INCOMPRESSIBLE GAS THROUGH AN S-

BEND FOR TURBULENT FLOW

EXP NO: Date:

Aim: Determine flow of incompressible gas through an s-bend for laminar flow.

Definition of problem: There is a incompressible gas methane is

entered into a s-bend through inlet with temperature T=293k & Velocity

V=5 m/s. Apparatus: FLUENT and ANSYS FLUENT post processor.

ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN INCHES

Procedure: Create-FLUENT double click on it. UNITS- INCHES

1) GEOMETRY Geometry- New geometry-right click-import MC.Stp- Tools- Symmetry-

Select Xy-Plane.

2) MESH Mesh-mesh control-inflation-select body top surface(walls) –apply.

COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERING LAB Select inlet face-right click – create named selection-enter name as inlet -

ok-similarly define outlet, walls and symmetry-right click on mesh-

update.

3) SETUP Double click on setup- defult window will be open in that select -3d-

parallel-ok. Set up your models for the CFD simulation

j) CLICK ON MODELS-enable the energy equation option.

k) Click ok to close ENERGY dialog box.

l) CLICK ON MODELS-select viscous laminar-ok.

m) Materials-materials(create/edit)-create/edit materials-fluent

database-select METHENE(CH4) –material type fluid-copy-close.

n) Cellzone conditions-type fluid-edit-zone name as fluid-material

name as methane-ok.

o) Boundary conditions-inlet-edit-momentum-velocity

magnitude(0.5)-gauge pressure(0)-ok.

p) Boundary conditions-inlet-edit-thermal-293K-ok.

4) solution

q) Solution- solution initialization-enable hybrid initialization-initialize

ok.

r) Solution-run calculation-Number of iterations (500)-calculate.

5) Results Results-Graphics and Animation-contours-setup-contours-enable the following options-filled, node values, global range, auto range

-Select Velocity-Velocity Magnitude from the Contours of drop-down

lists- Select symmetry from the Surfaces selection list- Click Display to

display the contours in the active graphics window.

k) Results-Graphics and Animation-contours-setup-contours-

enable the following options-filled, node values, global range, auto

range-Select Temperature-Static Temperature from the Contours of

drop - down lists-Click Display to display the contours in the active

graphics window.


Post-processor-Display results in ANSYS FLUENT. With ANSYS FLUENT still running, you can perform a simple evaluation of

the velocity and temperature contours on the symmetry plane. Later, you will

use ANSYS CFD-Post (from within ANSYS Workbench) to perform the same evaluation. Double click on results on fluid flow (fluent)

b. Insert a streamline object for velocity

-click on streamline-this display the insert stream line dialog box-

keep default name as stream line 1- click on ok to close dialog box-

details of streamline 1-

i) In the geometry tab-select type 3D streamline.

ii) In the domains-set as- fluid

iii) Start from-symmetry4

iv) Sampling-equally speed

v) # of points-75-click on apply. b) Animation-click on animation icon-select streamline1-ok.

RESULT:

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