computer basics

Computer Basics Place photo here

www.cdilucknow.blogspot.com

Today’s session we will review:

• Hardware/Software

• Managing Windows

• Opening & Closing

Programs

• Parts of the computer

• Startup/Shutdown


What is a Computer?


What is a Computer?

• A general-purpose machine that

processes data according to a set

of instructions that are stored

internally either temporarily or

permanently. The computer and all

equipment attached to it are

called hardware. The instructions

that tell it what to do are called

software.


Basic Parts?

• Hardware

• The hardware is the part of

the computer you can

touch and see.

(ex. keyboard, mouse,

monitor)

• Software

• The software is a part of

the computer you cannot

touch but is very

important. The software is

all the programming that

makes the computer run;

controlling everything that

the computer does.


Hardware

• Term that refers to the physical

artifacts of a technology. It may also

mean the physical components of a

computer system, in the form of

computer hardware.


Hardware

• The Monitor is the display screen,

similar to a television screen.

• The Computer, tower or case is the

heart of the system. This is a box that

contains all the parts that make the

computer work.

• The Keyboard is what you type on,

similar to a typewriter.

• The Mouse is the small hand held

device that attaches to the

computer. It may have two or three

buttons. The mouse is used to move the cursor (pointer) on the computer

screen.


Hardware

• The Printer is a device that puts what you

have created on to paper.

• The Scanner similar to a color photocopier

is a device that captures pictures or

documents, so that they can be seen or

used on the computer.

• The Laptop also known as a notebook

computer is a small personal computer

designed for mobile use. A laptop

integrates all of the typical components of

a desktop computer, including a display, a keyboard, a pointing device (a touchpad, also known as a track pad, or

a pointing stick) and a battery into a

single portable unit.


Hardware

• A Floppy Disk (sometimes just called a

“disk”) looks like a plastic card that can be put into a slot in the front of the

computer. These disks hold

information and can be used to

exchange information between

computers. This type of data storage is archaic and obsolete.

• A CD-ROM is very similar to a stereo’s CD

player. It not only plays music but can

also retrieve information stored on CD's. It is also available in other formats such as

DVD-ROM.


Software

• Term used to describe computer

programs, procedures and

documentation that perform some

tasks on your computer. Computer

software is divided into three basic

types.


Software

• System software

• Operating System is the base

program on a computer is

considered system software. It

tells the computer how to work

or operate. The operating

system also allows you to load

other programs that do

specialized tasks on to your

computer.

(ex. Windows XP and Vista)


Software

• Application software

• Application software allows you

to accomplish one or more

specific (non-computer related)

tasks. Such as computer games

for entertainment or Microsoft

Word for typing.


Software

• Programming software

• Programming software provides tools to assist a

computer programmer in

writing programs and

software.


How to Start?


How to start?

• Power Up

• Turning on your Computer

• Universal Power Symbol – most electronic devices such as computers, printers and scanners will have a button that displays this symbol. Simply, press the

corresponding button to power up your computer.

• Turning off your Computer

• When powering down your computer, check to make sure all programs are closed and files are

saved. Properly remove any connected devices, such as Mp3 players and USB Flash Drives.

• Click “Start” then “Shutdown” to power off your computer.


Desktop

• is the operating

system used for this class. As an

operating system Windows XP

manages all that the computer

does. The main screen is called

the "Desktop" you can get to

everything your computer can

do.


“Desktop”


Icons

• On the desktop screen you will see

several small pictures. These

pictures are called "Icons." Double

clicking the left mouse button on

an Icon will start the programs it

represents. Another way to start

programs is by using the “Start”

button can do.


“Icons”


“Start”

• The "Start" button is probably the most

used part of the Windows

Desktop. The start button is where you

access all the programs on the

computer. When you click on the

"Start" button you will be shown a

menu of the major computer

headings. These headings provide

access to the major programs on your

computer.

“Start”


Menus

• When you click on the "Start" button

a menu with options will

appear. Moving the mouse over

the items in the menu causes them

to highlight. Clicking on a

highlighted item will open that

program. To close the "Start" menu

click on the screen anywhere other

then the menu.


“Menu”


Selecting a program

• Moving the mouse over a

menu item marked with an

arrow as shown below will

open another list with more

options.


Selecting a program

• To see all the programs available for you to use on your computer click on the Start button and in the menu that appears, highlight the item named “Programs.” A new list will appear that holds more selections. Explore these lists to see all the programs available to you. When you have found the program that you want to use click on its icon.

“Programs” List


Taskbar

• The taskbar can be recognized by the "Start"

button located on its left hand side and the

clock on its right. To switch between

programs that are running at the same time,

click on the program buttons shown on the

taskbar. This is demonstrated below.

Windows has the ability to run several

programs at once and to easily switch back

and forth between running programs. All

programs currently running are shown on the

windows "taskbar." The taskbar is a bar with

pictures on in it that runs across the very

bottom of the screen.

“Taskbar”


What is a “Window”?

• A Window is one of many basic

feature of the Microsoft Windows

Operating System Software. Windows

allow you perform multiple tasks by

running multiple programs

simultaneously.


“Window”


Moving your program window.

• Click and hold down the mouse button on

the colored bar at the top of any program

window. While holding down the mouse

button drag the window to where you would

like it on the screen. This cannot be done

when a window is open to full screen.

“Colored Bar”



• Close -- Click on the button marked with

an “x.” Clicking on this button stops the

program you are using.

• Restore -- This button will restore a

program's window to its original size. The

original size of a window is a little bit

smaller then full screen.

• Maximize -- This button opens a

program's window so that it fills the

screen as much as it can.

• Minimize -- This button puts a program

on hold and places it on the taskbar at

the bottom of your screen. To re-open a program that is on the taskbar click on

the box which represents the program

you want to open.



• Resizing -- When the mouse

(cursor) is positioned over this part

of the program window, a set of

arrows appears. When these

arrows appear click and hold the

mouse button down. You will now

be able to stretch the program

window in any direction.

Resizing”


Computer Basics

Career Development Institute

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Telibagh Bazzar Lucknow

Place photo here

Thank You!


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