computer fund part ii lesson 01

8/13/2019 Computer Fund Part II Lesson 01

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II - 1.1

Windows XP

Operating System

PART 2


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II 1.2 Computer Fundamentals


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II - 1.3

Touring i!roso"tWindows XPPro"essiona#After completing this lesson, you will be able to:

Start Windows XP Professional.

Log on to a Windows XP Professional computer on a network domain.

Log on to a stand-alone Windows XP Professional computer.Understand the components of Windows XP Professional.

Start programs.

Move and close windows.

Resi e windows.

Switch !etween programs.

Log off Windows XP Professional.

Shut down Windows XP Professional.

Microsoft Windows XP Professional, referred to hereinafter as Windows , is thenewest version of the Windows operating system . An operating system is acollection of software programs that control the way a computers hardwaredevices interact with programs, as well as the way the computer responds toyour commands. Programs are tools that help you perform certain tasks.(Programs are also called applications . Whenever you work with yourcomputer, you are using Windows!either directly or indirectly throughanother program, such as Microsoft Word.

Windows can play an important role in helping you complete your worksuccessfully and efficiently, so youll want to feel comforta"le with it as#uickly as possi"le. $his "ook e%plains in simple, straightforward languagehow to use the features of Windows, and it gives you plenty of opportunities to

practice what you learn. &n this lesson, you are introduced to the ma'orcomponents of Windows. ou also learn how to find what you need on yourcomputer.

$his lesson re#uires no sample files.

$%SSO& 1


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II 1.' Computer Fundamentals

Starting Windows XP Professional)very time you start your computer, it goes through a boot process (from the

phrase *pull yourself up "y your "ootstraps+ . $he "oot process checks the

computer system to make certain that all necessary parts of the computer are plugged in and functioning properly. As soon as the computer finishes "ooting,it turns control over to Windows. rom then until the time you shut down yourcomputer, Windows is in charge of your computer.

Logging On to a Windows XPProfessional Computer on a

etwor! "omainA network is group of computers and associated devices connected "ycommunications e#uipment and utilities. Many computers running WindowsXP Professional are connected to a local area network (LAN) and areconfigured as part of a network domain . -thers might "e connected to a A/

!"ut not one that uses a domain!or they might "e stand0alone computers.$his section applies to the first kind of computer.

$he process of starting a computer session is called logging on . $o log on to anetwork domain, you must have a valid user account , and you must know youruser account name and password . ou must also know the domain name .

ou can get all this information from your network administrator.

When Windows XP is installed on a computer, an account is created with theadministrative privileges re#uired to control that particular computer.1omeone!usually a network administrator !can use that account to create

other accounts on the computer. $hese accounts are generally for specific people, and they might have more restricted privileges that prevent the accountowners from changing some of the settings on the computer.

&n this e%ercise, you log on to a computer that has Windows XP Professionalinstalled and is part of a network domain.

cti#ating Windows XPWhen you upgrade your computers operating system from an earlier version ofWindows to Windows XP Professional or to Windows XP 2ome )dition, or

the first time you start a new computer on which Windows XP has "eeninstalled "y the original e#uipment manufacturer (-)M , you are prompted toactivate your copy of Windows XP.

Windows Product Activation is a security measure instituted "y Microsoft tohelp prevent the distri"ution and use of unlicensed (or pirated versions ofWindows. 1oftware piracy is a multi0"illion dollar industry that is harmful tosoftware creators and software users for these reasons3

When you turn on yourcomputer, you might seelines of technical informationscroll by as your computer

performs its boot process.This information is importantchiefly to computerprofessionals who serviceyour computer.

Each user account isassociated with a userpro"i#e that describes theway the computerenvironment looks andoperates for that particularuser. This informationincludes such things as thecolor scheme, desktopbackground, fonts, shortcuts,and what you can do on thecomputer.


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II 1.+ Computer Fundamentals

+ $lick * to log on to Windows &' 'rofessional and your networkdomain.The Windows &' 'rofessional desktop appears, as shown here/

$mportant

%on0t worry if your Windows &' desktop looks different from the onesshown in this and subse-uent lessons. The desktop varies, depending onwhether Windows &' is installed on a brand new computer or as anupgrade on a computer that has been running a previous version of theWindows operating system. In the latter case, Windows &' will retain manyaspects of the previous desktop. Windows &' might also carry over someof the settings made in a previous version, which can alter the look of thescreen slightly. These differences affect the way Windows &' looks but donot affect your ability to successfully complete the e ercises in this book. Ifyou prefer to have the desktop icons that appeared in previous versions ofWindows available, you can right(click the desktop, and click 'roperties onthe shortcut menu. Then in the %isplay 'roperties dialog bo , click the

%esktop tab, click $ustomi!e %esktop, select the check bo es of the iconsyou want, and click * .

If your domain is notavailable in the drop(downlist, contact your networkadministrator.


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Part II: Lesson 1 Windows XPOperating System II - 1.,

Logging On to a Windows XP %ome&dition Computer

our computer might "e used "y only you, or it might "e used "y several people. &f only you use your computer, it needs only one configuration, or useraccount. &f other people use your computer, everyone can use the same account,or you can set up a separate user account for each person. )ach account isassociated with a user profile that descri"es the way the computer environmentlooks and operates for that particular user. $his information includes suchthings as the color scheme, desktop "ackground, fonts, and shortcuts, and it canvary from profile to profile.

$he process of starting a computer session is called logging on. &f only one user

account has "een set up, Windows XP automatically logs on using that accountwhen you start the computer. &f multiple accounts have "een set up, WindowsXP prompts you to select your user profile and, if your account has "een

password0protected, to enter your password.

)ach user has a user account name and a user account picture. )ach user canchange his or her own account name and account picture7 users withadministrative privileges can change any users account name and picture.

&n this e%ercise, you log on to a computer that has Windows XP 2ome )ditioninstalled and that has "een configured to include multiple accounts (with orwithout passwords .

$here is no working folder for this e%ercise.

ollow these steps3

1 "tart your computer. After the computer boots, a logon screen appears.

The logon screen displayed by Windows &' #ome Edition is calledthe Welcome screen. This screen displays graphic representations ofall the user accounts on the computer. These accounts can be createdduring setup or later to keep each user1s data separate.

If your computer is configured to include only one account, you nowsee the Windows &' desktop and can skip the remaining steps.

2 2ove the mouse pointer over the available user names.

3otice that the selected user name is bright, while the other usernamesare dimmed.

3 $lick your user account name or user account picture.

4y default, Windows &'#ome Edition creates twoaccounts/ All Users andGuest . The All Users accountcan be used to make certainfiles or settings available toanyone who logs on to thecomputer. Users who don1thave their own account canlog on to the computer usingthe 5uest account. The5uest account can bedisabled if you don0t want toallow people withoutaccounts to log on to yourcomputer.


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II 1. Computer Fundamentals

' If your account is password(protected, enter your password in theType your password bo , and then click the arrow button tocontinue.

&f you forget your password, click the #uestion0mark "utton to see any password hint that was specified when your password was set.

While Windows XP is loading your profile, your user account name and useraccount picture move to the center of the screen, and the other optionsdisappear. When you are logged on to your account, the Windows XP 2ome)dition desktop appears3

Logging On to a Stand'Alone WindowsXP Professional Computer

Windows XP Professional is generally used in a networked environment, "utyou do not have to "e connected to a network domain to run it. or e%ample,you might have Windows XP Professional installed on a laptop computer thatyou use "oth at the office and at home7 or you might travel with your WindowsXP Professional computer, work offline, and connect to your network over aremote connection.

When you log on to a Windows XP Professional computer that has "een, "ut isno longer, connected to a network domain, you log on in the ordinary manner,and your user information is validated against information that was stored onthe computer the last time you logged on to the domain. &f your Windows XPProfessional computer is not currently configured to work on a network, the

process of logging on is identical to that of Windows XP 2ome )dition. 8alid


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Part II: Lesson 1 Windows XPOperating System II - 1.

user accounts are displayed on a central logon screen, and the ast 9ser1witching option is availa"le and turned on "y default.

(nderstanding Windows XPComponents

When you start Windows for the first time, your screen should look similar tothe illustration that follows. As you install programs and customi:e Windows tosuit the way you work, you will see additions and changes to this screen, "utthe same "asic components will still appear.

)ipThroughout this course, instructions like !#i!/ and drag always refer tousing the left, or primary, mouse button. 0ou)#e-!#i!/ means to -uickly tapthe left mouse button twice. If you need to use the right, or secondary,mouse button to complete an instruction, the instruction will say so. 6ore ample, an instruction might read 78ight(click the i!on .9 An icon is a smallgraphic representation of a program, file, or folder. The term drag means topoint to an ob ect on the screen, hold down the left mouse button, and thenmove the mouse toward you, away from you, left, or right. 8elease themouse button when the ob ect is placed in the desired location. If yourmouse has a middle button or another control, you can ignore it for now.

&ts helpful to know the correct names of the "asic components of Windowsand the ways that you can use the mouse to interact with them. $he followinglist descri"es the "asic Windows components.


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4 0es/top The desktop is composed of the contents of yourcomputer screen after Windows has been started. Items on the desktopinclude icons for fre-uently used programs and other utilities.

4 ui!/ $aun! )ar The :uick )aunch bar is an area of the taskbarto the right of the "tart button. The :uick )aunch bar contains severalbuttons that represent programs that are used fre-uently. These buttonsprovide a way for you to start programs with a single click. The :uick)aunch bar also includes the "how %esktop button, which you can clickto minimi!e all open windows to buttons on the taskbar.

4 S ort!uts "hortcuts are a type of icon that offer -uick access tofiles, folders, or programs. 6or e ample, you might have a spreadsheetto which you refer several times a week. The spreadsheet is storedwithin several layers of folders, and you open the file by opening eachfolder in se-uence and double(clicking the file1s icon. To avoid this time(consuming process, you can create a shortcut that appears on the

desktop and provides faster access to the same file. ;ou use shortcuts inthe same way you use other icons, double(clicking them to open files,folders, or programs. "hortcuts look similar to other icons e cept eachhas a small, curved arrow in its lower(left corner. ;ou might think ofshortcuts as placeholders for other icons. ;ou can create, copy, move,and delete a shortcut without affecting the file, folder, or program itself.

4 Start )utton The "tart button is located on the left edge of thetaskbar, and it is the most important component on the Windowsdesktop. It is the launching point for every program and window on yourcomputer. $lick the "tart button to open a series of menus for startingprograms, finding and opening folders and files, setting options, gettinghelp, adding hardware and software, and shutting down the computer.

4 Tas/)ar The taskbar is the strip along the bottom of the screen. Ittypically shows, from left to right, the "tart button, the :uick )aunch bar,buttons for certain utilities and programs


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Part II: Lesson 1 Windows XPOperating System II - 1.11

A dialog "o% appears on your screen when you need to communicate with a program. ;ialog "o%es provide ways for you to make decisions and select fromavaila"le options. $ypical components of a dialog "o% include te%t "o%es,options, check "o%es, and menus.

&n the upper0right corner of every dialog "o% is a


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&n this e%ercise, you practice common mouse techni#ues while touringWindows.

1 'osition the mouse so the mouse pointer is positioned over thetime in the lower(right corner of the screen.The date appears in a pop-up des!ription .

2 2ove the mouse slightly, in any direction.The pop(up description disappears.

)ipEven if you don1t move the mouse, a pop(up description disappears after afew seconds so it doesn1t block what you1re working on. To see the pop(updescription again, move the mouse away from the Windows component andthen back to it.

3 %ouble(click the time.The %ate and Time 'roperties dialog bo appears.

' $lick $ancel in the %ate and Time 'roperties dialog bo .

The dialog bo closes. 3o changes were made.( $lick the "tart button on the left edge of the taskbar.

The "tart menu appears. 2enu items that have right(pointingarrows, such as 2y 8ecent %ocuments or All 'rograms, lead to!as!ading menus .

If a pop(up description doesnot appear when it should, trytaking your hand off themouse for a few seconds. Ifthat doesn1t work, the optionto show these descriptions isprobably turned off.


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+ $lick an empty area of the desktop.The "tart menu closes.

, $lick 2y $omputer .

The icon changes color slightly, appearing darker to show that it1sselected.

$lick the 2y $omputer icon, hold down the mouse button, and thendrag the 2y $omputer icon down so that it slightly overlaps the iconbelow it. 8elease the mouse button when you are finished.

8ight(click an empty area of the desktop. A shortcut menu appears, offering choices for organi!ing thedesktop.

;ou can also close a menuby clicking the same button,icon, or menu name that youused to open it


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II 1.1' Computer Fundamentals

1 *n the shortcut menu, click Arrange Icons 4y. Another menuappears offering you several choices for arranging icons. $lick the3ame option to align the icons arranged by name.The 2y $omputer icon moves away from the overlapped icon.

Starting Programs$he 1tart menu is a list of options that is your central link to all the programsinstalled on your computer, as well as to all the tasks you can carry out withWindows XP. $he first time you start Windows XP, the 1tart menu is displayeduntil you click something else. $hereafter, you open the 1tart menu "y clickingthe 1tart "utton at the left end of the task"ar.

$he 1tart menu has "een significantly redesigned in Windows XP to provideeasier access to your programs. When it first opens, it looks something likethis3

ou can pin links to your favorite programs to a special area at the top of theleft side of the 1tart menu to make the programs easy to find and start. ou canrearrange the pinned programs "y dragging them into whatever order you want.>y default, Microsoft &nternet )%plorer and Microsoft -utlook )%press are

If you are accustomed to theprevious menu style, which isnow called the $lassic menu,you might find that thechange takes a little gettingused to. If you are unable toad ust, you have the option ofchanging back to the $lassicversion. #owever, the newmenu is designed to increaseefficiency, so we recommendthat you at least give it a try>

If the 2y $omputer icondoesn1t return to its originalplace, you can drag it backinto position.


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Part II: Lesson 1 Windows XPOperating System II - 1.1(

pinned to the 1tart menu. &f you change your default We" "rowser or e0mail program, the pinned area is automatically updated to reflect that change.

>elow the first hori:ontal line on the left side of the 1tart menu is a list of links

to your most fre#uently used programs, which includes the last si% programsyou started. ( ou can ad'ust that num"er if you want. $he first time you startWindows XP, the list displays some of the new programs that are availa"le3M1/ )%plorer, Windows Media Player, Windows Movie Maker, ile and1ettings $ransfer Wi:ard, and $our Windows XP. ($he tour is somewhat longand sales0oriented, "ut it does introduce you to new features of Windows XPthat you will work with in this "ook.

-n the right side of the 1tart menu are links to the locations where you are mostlikely to store the files you create, a link to a directory of other computers onyour network, and links to various tools that you will use while running yourcomputer. $he commands you will use to log off of or shut down yourcomputer are located at the "ottom of the 1tart menu.


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II 1.1+ Computer Fundamentals

o#ing and Closing Windows$he space on your desktop is limited, so you should manage it carefully.1ometimes that means moving a programs window to another part of the

desktop or shrinking it so that it appears as a "utton on the task"ar. At othertimes, *managing your desktop+ means resi:ing a programs window so thatyou can simultaneously view another program or document window on yourdesktop.

ou can use the following components to manage windows3

4 The tit#e )ar , in addition to telling you the name of the program and


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Part II: Lesson 1 Windows XPOperating System II - 1.1,

$mportant2inimi!ing a program does not close it, but does shrink it down to an icon

on the taskbar. A minimi!ed program is still running. If you don1t rememberwhether you closed a program, check the taskbar for its icon before startingit. *therwise, you might end up with two versions of a program running atthe same time. This is not a problem, but it can be confusing to get warningmessages about files already being open.

&n this e%ercise, you move and resi:e the /otepad and My


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-esi.ing the otepad WindowWhen you work with more than one program, file, or folder, you can resi:e andarrange windows in order to view multiple windows at the same time. ou can

view only one ma%imi:ed window at a time, "ut all other open programscontinue to run in the "ackground.

&n this e%ercise, you move and resi:e the /otepad window.

1 $lick the Untitled ? 3otepad button on the taskbar.The 3otepad window appears.

2 %rag the title bar of the 3otepad window to center it on the desktop.

3 %rag the resi!e area up and to the left until the 3otepad window ishalf its original si!e.

' %rag the right edge of the 3otepad window to the right to widen thewindow.

( $lick the 2inimi!e button in the upper(right corner of the 3otepadwindow.

Switching *etween Programs&ts common in Windows to have more than one program running at the sametime. )ach program runs in its own window. 9sually, when two windows areon screen at once, the one with the title "ar that is "lue (the default color or

"rightly colored is the active window . $he inactive window usually has a grayor lightly colored title "ar. or e%ample, look at the following two windows.

;ou can drag any border of awindow to resi!e it as long asthe window isn0t minimi!ed.


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/otepad is the active window (note the dark "lue title "ar , so if you were tostart typing num"ers with these two windows on screen, the num"ers wouldappear in the /otepad window.

$o switch "etween windows when you can see more than one of them onscreen, 'ust click anywhere in an empty area of the window you want to makeactive.

When working with Windows, you fre#uently wont "e a"le to see all of thewindows you have open. &n that case, you can switch from one window toanother "y clicking a programs "utton on the task"ar. $o #uickly display thedesktop when it is covered "y windows, click the 1how ;esktop "utton on thetask"ar.

)ipTo switch from one program to another using the keyboard, hold down Altwhile you press Tab. A small Task 2anager bo will appear with icons forall programs that are currently open. $ontinue holding down Alt andpressing Tab until the program you want is selected. When you release Altand Tab, the selected program will be the active one, and its window willappear.

&n this e%ercise, you open


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Type I" I earned 81 per our9 I wou#d earn 8,2 per wee/.;our typing appears in the 3otepad window because it is the activewindow.

$lick the "how %esktop button on the :uick )aunch bar of thetaskbar.4oth of the programs are minimi!ed.

Logging Off of Windows XP$he process of ending a computer session is called logging off . ogging offends the Windows session for your account "ut leaves the computer turned on.

&t is important to log off when you leave for the day, or even when you leaveyour computer for an e%tended period of time, to safeguard against other peopleaccessing your personal information. or e%ample, if your account hasadministrative privileges and you go out to lunch without logging off orotherwise protecting your computer against intrusion, someone could create alocal user account with administrative privileges for themselves and later usethat account to log on to your computer.

&n this e%ercise, you log off of your Windows XP user account. >oth WindowsXP Professional and Windows XP 2ome )dition users can complete thise%ercise.


ollow these steps3

1 If the "tart menu is not displayed, click the "tart button.The "tart menu is displayed. ;our user information appears at thetop of the menu. %epending on the programs installed on yourcomputer, the "tart menu looks something like this/


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)ipWindows &' #ome Edition displays the user account name and useraccount picture at the top of the "tart menu. Windows &' 'rofessionaldisplays only the user account name.

2 At the bottom of the "tart menu, click )og *ff.The )og *ff Windows dialog bo appears.

)ipWhen your current Windows &' configuration includes 6ast User "witching,that option is shown in the )og *ff Windows dialog bo .

3 $lick )og *ff to complete the process and display the Welcomescreen or logon screen.


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' Enter your password


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The most recently selected shut(down option is displayed in theoption bo , and a description of that option appears below the bo .

3 $lick the down arrow to display the other options, and select eachoption in turn to display its description.

' "elect "hut down as the option, and click * to end your Windowssession.

Shutting "own a Windows XP %ome&dition Computer ?ather than simply logging off of your computer, you might want to shut downor turn off the computer completely. $urning off closes all your openapplications and files and ends your Windows session, as well as turning offyour computer. $his process ensures that your data is safely stored and all youre%ternal sessions are appropriately disconnected.

&n this e%ercise, you turn off your Windows XP 2ome )dition computer.


ollow these steps3

1 $lick the "tart button.

The "tart menu is displayed. ;our user information appears at the topof the menu.

2 At the bottom of the "tart menu, click Turn *ff $omputer.

The Turn off computer dialog bo appears/

3 $lick Turn *ff to end your Windows session and turn off yourcomputer.

Always shut down Windows&' before turning off yourcomputer@ otherwise, youcould lose data.

The Turn *ff $omputercommand is also available onthe Welcome screen.


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II 1.2' Computer Fundamentals

Other Options&n addition to logging off and shutting down your computer, the Windows XP

Professional 1hut ;own dialog "o% presents these options34 Restart ends your session, shuts down Windows, and then startsWindows again without turning off the computer.

4 Stand )y maintains your session


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Part II: Lesson 1 Windows XPOperating System II - 1.2(

Putting $t All )ogether !"ercise #$ &n this e%ercise, you *pin+ a program to the 1tart menu. >egin "y

"rowsing to the selected program on the 1tart menu. ?ight0click the programname, and click Pin to 1tart menu on the shortcut menu.

!"ercise %$ &n this e%ercise, you *unpin+ a program to the 1tart menu. ?ight0click the program link, and click 9npin to 1tart menu on the shortcut menu.

!"ercise &$ &n this e%ercise, you create a shortcut on the desktop to a We" site.?ight0click on open area of the desktop, point to /ew on the shortcut menu,and click 1hortcut. $ype the 9? (&nternet address of the We" site in the $ypethe location of the item "o%, and click /e%t. )nter a name for the shortcut, andclick inish to close the dialog "o%.

!"ercise '$ &n this e%ercise, you delete a shortcut, file, or folder from the

desktop. &f you completed )%ercise 5, choose the We" site shortcut youcreated. ?ight0click the item you want to delete, and click ;elete on theshortcut menu. &n the confirmation "o%, click es to delete the item.

computer fund part ii lesson 01

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