computing in the developing world valeria esther nigri musafir brazil – rio de janeiro
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Computing in the Developing World
Valeria Esther Nigri Musafir
Brazil – Rio de Janeiro
E-Government in Brazil• Introduction
• E-government Policy
• Infra-Structure
• E-government Portal
• Open Source
• Cases of Success
• Social/Digital Divide
• Future Challenges
• References
Background
System Engineer with Master in Computer Science – PUC/RJ
Hubert H. Humphrey Fellow 2002-2003
University of Washington, Seattle
Professional Affiliations
City of Seattle (DoIT) and Microsoft
Biggest public IT services provider in Brazil
Project Manager for e-government implementations
Introduction
Brazil area: 8,514,204 sq km
(World fifth largest country)
USA area: 9,372,614 sq km
Demographic Data
Population (2001)
Brazil EUA
175,850,000 284,796,890
50.8% Fem 50.9% Fem
Region Population%
North 7.6
Northeast 28.12
Southeast 42.65
South 14.79
Central West 6.85
Source: Censo 2000
Urban 81.25 %
Rural 18.75 %
E-Government Policy• Information Society Program led by the Ministry of Science and Technology
in 1999 - coordinate and leverage all government initiatives on the Internet with the involvement of citizens, private initiatives, government and scientific communities
Goal social inclusion of all Brazilians in the new society and help the country’s economy compete on the global market
www.socinfo.org.br Green Book
• Inter-ministerial Workgroups supervises the Program - propose policies, norms , directions related with the new forms of electronic interaction.
Lines of action:
Market, Employment and Opportunities – support the implementation of e-commerce
Universalization of Services for Citizens Education in the Information Society – promote systems for collective or shared access to Internet
E-Government Policy Contents and Cultural Identity – promote the generation of contents and
applications that emphasize Brazilian cultural identity and matters of local and regional relevance
Government at everyone’s reach – promote the computerization of government administration and the employment of standards in its applicable systems
R&D Key Technologies and Applications – pinpoint the strategic technologies for industrial and economic development and promote R&D projects in universities and in the productive sector
Advanced Infra-Structure and New Services – implement a basic national infrastructure of information, integrating the various specialized network structures – government, private sector and R&D
Infra- Structure
Telecommunications and Computers
Between 70’s and 80’s – industry of minicomputers
90’s – open model (significant reduction of imports taxes)
1997 – Privatization of the telecommunications and creation of the National Technology Agency (ANATEL)
Fixed phones – 13.3 million (1994) to 49.4 million (2002)
Cell phones – 800,000 (1994) to 31.6 million (2002)
Infra- StructureInternet
Internet users: 14.3 million (8,31% of the Brazilian's population) 9th position in the world and first in Latin America Computer access – 15%
[email protected] Network – integration of local networks in a multi-service network for the federal government
Internet Providers in 350 out of 5,561 county
World Economic Forum 2002-2003 – Readiness for the Networked WorldOverall – #32 (out of 82) and #1 of Latin America countries E-Government - #15E-Commerce - #18
The OAS chose Brazil to lead the Latin America cooperation network for the e-government
E-Government Services
• Out of Internet - 15%• Informational - 45% • Interaction - 20%• Transactional - 20%
E-Government Portal
www.e.gov.br
1700 services
22,000 links
1,700 sites from the federal, state and local levels
40 million page view/month
www.saopaulo.sp.gov.br
www.portoalegre.rs.gov.br
www.rio.rj.gov.br
Open Source
Linux Conectiva
FreeBSD
OpenBSD
perl
PHP
Java
Gnome
KDE
PostGres
BerkeleyDB
MySQL
Netscape
OpenOfficeSquid
Apache Web Server
Mozilla BrowserLinux Redhat
GNU Linux
www.softwarelivre.org
StarOffice
Open Source• “Projeto Software Livre RS” – Open source project has the involvement of Rio
Grande do Sul state government, public and private institutions in order to promote the open source as an economic and technological alternative for the proprietary software.
• “Projeto Rede Escolar Livre RS” – every public school in RS state should use open source software (basically GSU Linux)
• “Forum Social Mundial 2003” - World Social Forum – Porto Alegre, Jan 2003
• “IV Forum Internacional de Software Livre” – Porto Alegre, June 5-7,2003
• Porto Alegre Maps in the Internet (Geoprocessing)
• Network Integration using Linux servers
• Banrisul (Bank of Rio Grande do Sul State) is using Conectiva Linux in their ATM machines (340 out of 2000) .
www.softwarelivre.org
Open x Commercial Software
Steve Ballmer - Partnering with Government to realize potential
Open Standard x Open Source
XML Web Services
Bill Gates • U$5 bi investment in R&D
• Rigorous engineering processes
• High value & easy to use technologies
• Government should give equal opportunities to open & commercial softwares
Cases of Success
The only totally electronic election in the world – 130 million people voted electronically (elected candidates in last than 24 hours)
Portugal, Angola and the state of Florida are interested in electronic ballot
Follow-up of Judicial Processes
Information on Retirement Funds and other Social Security Benefits (5.7 million transactions in 2000)
Electronic Elections
Cases of Success
ReceitaNet AwardsRecognition of Microsoft Good Practice in e-government from the European Economic Commonwealth (2001)5 times winner in IBest category Government/Public Services (since 98)INFO 2000 Award - Best Public Services Site
E-government
ReceitaNet
2002
15,500 million declaration of tax revenue
14,165 million sent from Internet
600,000 - paper
April 30,2003
17,500 million
16,500 million from Internet
(95% of the total declarations)
25,3% sent in the last 3 days
1,6 million in the last day
www.receita.fazenda.gov.br
Cases of Success
E-procurement
130,000 access/month
600,000 transactions/month
140 biddings/day for the governmental ministries, secretaries and agencies.
Saving of 25% off conventional purchasing methods
6 months -> 20 days
Brazil recently signed a cooperation treaty with Bolivia
ComprasNet Awards”Good Practice in e-governance” from the European Economic Commonwealth (Nov 2002)Hélio Beltrão Award
Local government e-procurement
www.comprasnet.gov.br
Social DivideA Country of Contrasts
Two ways of living waterfront
Amazonia
Rio de Janeiro
Social DivideA Country of Contrasts
Digital Divide Goal: Install Electronic Points of Presence (PEP) in every Brazilian town with
more than 600 inhabitants to provide free access to the services delivered through Internet.
• Installation of 3,500 kiosks around the country Today : installation of 80 pilot kiosks in the federal administrative agencies
• “e-Post” Project from the Post Office: provide 4,200 terminals in their branches for the citizen. Goal: provide for every branch with more than 10,000 inhabitants at least one terminal (until the end of 2003)
• Service 0700 – implement a cheaper and flat telephonic tariff in all Brazilian counties, ending up with an interurban tariff to access the Internet
Digital Divide
• Project “Acessa Sao Paulo” – 69 infocentros (“telecentres”) with free internet access in the interior and low income communities of Sao Paulo.
Number of people attended: 750,000 Goal: 300 infocentros until the end of
the year www.acessasaopaulo.sp.gov.br
• Project “Sampa.org” – bring Internet to the periphery of Sao Paulo. 10 telecentres with free Internet access, classes for children and young people and a portal devoted to citizenship and culture www.sampa.org.br
Digital Divide• CDI (Committee for the Democratization of Information Technology) headquarter in Rio de
Janeiro – since 1995
• Implements educational programs in Brazil and abroad through its self-sustainable Information Technology and Citizens Rights schools for low income community centers and special needs individuals such as visually impaired, psychiatric patients, homeless children and indigenous people
www.cdi.org.br
37 regional CDI
10 international CDI
Digital Divide• CDI (Committee for the Democratization of Information Technology) headquarter in Rio de
Janeiro – since 1995
• Implements educational programs in Brazil and abroad through its self-sustainable Information Technology and Citizens Rights schools for low income community centers and special needs individuals such as visually impaired, psychiatric patients, homeless children and indigenous people
www.cdi.org.br
Digital Divide• CDI (Committee for the Democratization of Information Technology) headquarter in Rio de
Janeiro – since 1995
• Implements educational programs in Brazil and abroad through its self-sustainable Information Technology and Citizens Rights schools for low income community centers and special needs individuals such as visually impaired, psychiatric patients, homeless children and indigenous people
www.cdi.org.br
CDI Awards
Nov. 2002 "UNESCO 2002 Award",category Comunication and Information
Jan. 2001 – Rodrigo Baggio is selected by World Economic Forum - as one of the "100 Global Leaders for Tomorrow".
Future Challenges
• Establish policies to reduce the digital divide
• Incorporate the productive sector and the universities more effectively
• Integrate the e-Government with the states and local levels
• Enhance partnerships with the civil society and local communities
• Make use of International Cooperation Organizations (FTAA, ALADI, WTO, Mercosur, EU )
References
• Information Society in Brazil – Green Bookwww.socinfo.org.br/livro_verde/ingles/download.htm
• E-government Portalwww.e.gov.br
• Brazil’s Federal Government e-Procurement Portal www.comprasnet.gov.br
• Federal Revenue and Customs Secretariat Portalwww.receita.fazenda.gov.br
• SERPRO Portalwww.serpro.gov.br
References
• Projeto Software Livre RS (Open Source Project)
www.softwarelivre.org
• CDI (Committee for the Democratization of Information Technology)
www.cdi.org.br
• Project “Acessa Sao Paulo” www.acessasaopaulo.sp.gov.br
• Project “Sampa.org” www.sampa.org.br
