1. Topic: Make a PowerPoint Presentation on Chapter 1 & Chapter 2

2. Contents: Introduction What is a Computer? Characteristics of Computer Applications and Components of computer Data and Information What is Memory? Characteristics of Memory Primary vs. Secondary Memory Data Representation in Memory Chapter:1 Computing Technology 3. INTRODUCTION The word computer may be used for any device that is employed to compute or calculate. Such a device operates on data to transform them into a useful form. The electronic computer which is composed of switches, wires and circuits for the flow of electricity, has thoroughly established itself in business, science and technology and public administration within a period of 40-50 years of its invention. As the electronic computer has increased the calculating power of human brain billion times, it may be said that the invention of computer is the most important event of the modern age. 4. What is a Computer? Computer is an electronic machine that helps us to store and process our data and/or instruction at a high speed with accuracy. It can receive information, perform basic operations like calculations and comparisons and produce results according to the given instructions in a desirable form.A computer mainly works on the principle of input, process and output. 5. Characteristics of Computer 6. Data & Information The word data is the plural of datum which means fast. Data are facts or the raw material of information. Data are represented by symbols. After processing the data, information is produced. Thus information is data arranged in an order that would be useful to the user. Information is produced due to the output of data processing operations that is acquired by people to achieve specific purposes. 7. WHAT IS MEMORY? The memory or storage section of the computer consists of the devices used to store the information that will be used during the computations. The memory unit is an essential component in any digital computer since it is needed for storing the programs that are executed by the CPU. Memory can be divided into two categories: Primary Memory Secondary Memory 8. Characteristics of Memory Storage Capacity Access Modes Access Time Permanence of Storage Physical Characteristics 9. Primary vs. secondary memory 10. Chapter: 2 Input & Output Devices Contents Introduction What are Input Devices? What are Output Devices? Secondary Storage 11. INTRODUCTION The word computer may be used for any device that is employed to compute or to calculate. Such peripherals are those devices, which help us to input data inside the computer or the CPU and take the output/results from the CPU. Before a computer can process your data, you need some method to input the data into the machine. The device you use will depend on what form this data takes ( text, sound, artwork, etc.) The term input and output are both used as verbs to describe the process of entering or displaying the data, and as nouns referring to the data itself entered into or displayed by the computer. 12. What are Input Devices? All instruction are accepted by the CPU through electrical pulses from various kinds of input devices.These input devices are as old as the computers although till date they have undergone a lot of changes. 13. KEYBOARD Keyboard is the most common and simplest input device. It allows you to communicate with the computer. The computer keyboard is used to enter text information into the computer, as when you type the contents of a report. The keyboard can also be used to type commands directing the computer to perform certain actions. 14. The mouse is a hand-held device that controls a pointer on the screen. The mouse pointing device sits on your work surface and is moved with your hand. In older mouse, a ball in the bottom of the mouse rolls on the surface as you move the mouse and internal rollers sense the balls movement and transmit the information to the computer via the cord of the mouse. The newer optical mouse doesnt use a rolling ball, but instead uses a light and a small optical sensor to detect the motion of the mouse by tracking a tiny image of the desk surface. 15. Output Devices Output devices carry the results of various operations performed by the user, but before disclosing them to the operator, they interpret them into communicative language of man to machine i.e., the High Level Language. 16. PRINTERS Printers are the primary output devices used to prepare permanent documents. He printer generates a permanent hard copy of our work on paper. A basic classification of printers is Character Printers Line Printers Page Printers 17. SPEAKERS Computers also produce sound output, ranging from simple beeps altering the user impressive game sound effects, to concert quality music. The circuitry to produce sound may be included on the motherboard, but high quality audio output from a PC usually requires a sound card in one of the expansions slots, connected to a set of good quality external speakers or headphones. 18. Secondary Storage 19. A memory card or flash memory card is a solid state electronic flash memory data storage device used with digital cameras, hand- held and mobile computers, telephone, music player, video game consoles, and other electronics. They offer high re-recorded- ability, power-free storages, small form factor and rugged environmental specifications. There are also non-solid- state memory cards that do not use flash memory and there are different types of flash memory and there are different types of flash memory. 20. USB(Universal Serial Bus), is a standard developed by the computer industry to allow a vast number of different devices to be easily attached to one machine with the minimum requirement for extra drivers and software and still operate at an efficient speed. 21. Made By:- Divyanshi Singh 9th A End Of Presentation