COMSOL Multiphysics for Industry

Phase

change

u=1 m/s u=1.4 m/s u= 2.3 m/s

Structural Analysis in COMSOL Multiphysics

Structural Analysis in COMSOL

– Static – Transient (Direct or modal) – Frequency response (Direct or

modal) – Eigenfrequency (modal analysis) – Damped eigenfrequency – Prestressed eigenfrequency – Prestressed Frequency response – Thermal stress – Elastoplastic

– Viscoelastic – Creep – Hyperelastic – Poroelastic – Contact – Buckling – and more, including Multiphysics

analysis: Flow, Electromagnetics, Heat, Piezo, Acoustics

• Analysis types available

Special elements

• 2D/3D truss

• 2D/3D Euler beam

• 3D Shell

• 2D Plate

Constitutive law for linear materials

• Isotropic

– Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio

– Lamé constants

– Bulk and shear moduli

– Pressure and shear wave speeds

• Orthotropic

– 9 material properties

• Anisotropic

– 21 material properties

0th00el σ)εεε(DσεDσ ~~~~~~~~~

Nonlinear Structural Analysis

• Geometric Nonlinearity

• Material Nonlinearity

• Boundary Nonlinearity

Geometric nonlinearity

• Large deformation

• Large rotation

• Post-buckling analysis

Material nonlinearity

• COMSOL supports materials that can be: – spatially varying

– discontinuous

– Nonlinear (e.g. function of temperature)

– complex valued (frequency domain)

– frequency dependent (frequency domain)

– time-dependent (time domain)

• Simply type it in!

Peristaltic Pumps

• Valuable for pumping abrasive fluids, corrosive fluids and delicate

fluids

• Rugged pump design requiring minimal maintenance

• Used in pharmaceutical, petrochemical, biomedical and food

processing industries

Fluid Velocity

Fluid contours: Velocity magnitude (m/s)

Stresses in Tube

Solid contours: Mises stress (MPa) Fluid arrows: Velocity field

Benefits of using COMSOL for FSI

• Automatic calculation of total fluid forces.

• Automatic identification of solid-fluid interface.

• Automatic application of correct boundary conditions at the solid-

fluid interface.

• Ability to move computational mesh based on deformation of solid.

• Accurate calculation of fluid flow on moving mesh.

CFD Analysis

• Ease-of-use – Tailored functionality and interfaces

for fluid dynamics, reacting flows, and

heat transfer

– Robustness

• Efficiency – State-of-the-art performance, for a

given accuracy, in terms of memory

use and computational time

• Multiphysics – Fluid flow with any physics

combinations Fluid flow past a solar panel. The model calculates

the forces exerted by the wind on the structure.

Single-Phase Flow Capabilities

• Laminar flow – Newtonian and non-Newtonian flow

• Turbulent flow

– k- turbulence model, wall functions

– k- turbulence model

– Low Re k- turbulence model

– Spalart-Allmaras

• Rotating Machinery – Laminar and turbulent

The Single-Phase Flow Interfaces as displayed

in the Physics Interface list in the CFD Module.

The module features an interface

for rotating machinery.

Multiphase Flow Capabilities

• Separated Flows – Two-Phase Flow, Level Set

– Two-Phase Flow, Phase Field

• Disperse Flows – Mixture Model

– Bubbly Flow

– Euler-Euler Flow

The Multiphase Flow Interfaces as

displayed in the Physics Interface list in the

CFD Module.

Startup of a fluidized bed

modeled using the Euler-

Euler Model Interface

Thin Film and Porous Media Flow Capabilities

• Porous media flow – Free and porous media flow including

Forchheimer drag

– Darcy’s law and Brinkman equations

– Two-phase flow, Darcy’s Law

• Thin-Film Flow – For lubrication and flow in narrow

structures, which are then

approximated with 3D shells

Pressure and average film velocity in a journal

bearing modeled using the Lubrication, Shell

Interface.

The Thin-Film Flow and the Porous Media

and Subsurface Flow Interfaces in the

Physics Interface list in the CFD Module.

Non-Isothermal Flow and Conjugate Heat

Transfer Capabilities

• Non-Isothermal Flow and Conjugate

Heat Transfer – Laminar and turbulent flows

– Fully compressible flow for Ma < 0.3

– Heat transfer in fluids and solids with and

without boundary layer approximations

• Heat Transfer in Porous Media – Porous media flow coupled to heat transfer

in the solid matrix and pore fluid

Flow and heat

transfer analysis

in the metal

structure and

cooling channels

in a turbine stator.

The Physics Interfaces with flow and heat

transfer as displayed in the CFD Module.

High Mach Number Flow Capabilities

• High Mach Number Flow – Laminar and Turbulent flows

– k- turbulence model

– Spalart-Allmaras

– Fully compressible flow for all Mach

numbers

The Physics Interfaces for High Mach

Number Flow as displayed in the CFD

Module.

Turbulent compressible flow in a two-dimensional

Sajben diffuser. The flow reaches sonic conditions at

the throat of the diffuser, terminating with a shock in

the diverging section.

Thermal Analysis in COMSOL

Conduction

Heat transfer by

translation of solids Convection in fluids Radiation

Bioheating Thermal modeling can

include many different

effects, and can be

solved for both steady

state and transient

conditions.

Heat transfer by conduction considers:

• Fourth order (radiative) boundary

conditions

• Correlations for convective heat

transfer

• Multi layered thermal resistance

boundary conditions

• Highly conductive layers of material

• Modeling of infinitely large domains

• Out-of-plane approximations

• Conductive heat transfer through

stationary materials

• Transient, non-linear, effects

• Temperature dependent material

properties

• Fully anisotropic material properties

• Applied heat load boundary

conditions

• Temperature sink boundary

conditions

• Heat transfer coefficient boundary

conditions

Model of temperature sensor

Continental Corporation

• Heat transfer via bulk motion of a solid material

• Additional numerical stabilization for faster solutions

• Heating of the domain via pressure work

• Convective flux boundary condition

Heat transfer by translation of solids considers:

Heat generation and heat transfer

in a rotating disk brake system

Heat transfer by convection considers:

• Heat transfer due to gas or liquid motion

• Temperature dependence of

fluid properties

• Coupling to both laminar and

turbulent flows

• Temperature and pressure

dependence of fluid

• Numerical stabilization techniques

• Dedicated solvers for large 3D problems

• Viscous heating

• Ideal gas relationships

• Automatic coupling with

heat transfer in solids (conjugate heat transfer)

Non-isothermal flow in conjugate heat transfer

for modeling of electronic cooling devices

Heat transfer by radiation considers:

• Heat transfer between the surfaces of opaque solids

• Calculation of grey body radiation view factors

• Temperature dependent emissivity

• Shadowing and diffuse reflection

• External radiation sources

Modeling of heat transfer

for aerospace applications

usually involves

surface-to-surface radiation

Bioheating considers:

• Heat transfer in living tissue

• Tissue and blood properties

• Blood perfusion rate

• Arterial blood temperature

• Metabolic heat rate

• Heating from other

phenomena (RF,DC current) Microwave heating in the SAM

Phantom head due to microwave

radiation from an antenna

Customer success:

Airbus models friction stir welding

Friction Stir Welding - Working principle

• Pore free weld joint

• No residual stresses due to shrinking

• Welding of dissimilar materials and plastics possible

Joint to weld

Rotating weld tool

Reacting Flow Capabilities

• Multi-component transport and flow in

diluted and concentrated solutions – Fickean and mixture-averaged formulations

– Includes migration of charged species in

electric fields

– Includes mass transport in free and porous

media flow

• Concentration-dependent density and

viscosity in flow description

Turbulent reacting flow in a multi-jet

reactor in a polymerization process.

The Chemical Species Transport interfaces

as displayed in the CFD Module.

Bulk and Fine Chemicals Production

Bulk and Fine Chemicals Production

Velocity field, and concentration and temperature

distributions in a steam reformer

Electromagnetics Modeling in COMSOL

Multiphysics The AC/DC and RF Modules

AC/DC Module Application Examples

Motors & Generators Electronics Inductors

Joule Heating and Induction Heating Capacitors Ion Optics and Charged

Particle Tracing

RF Module Application Examples

Antennas

Waveguides and Filters

Radiation Patterns Scattering

Microwave Heating Plasmonics and Metamaterials