concept of qi in tcm from a transcultural perspective --dr. zhang chunyue --dr. zhang chunyue...
TRANSCRIPT
Concept of Qi in TCM from a Transcultural Perspective
--Dr. ZHANG Chunyue --Dr. ZHANG Chunyue
Department of Humanities, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineDepartment of Humanities, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
Supervisor: Prof. Dr. EignerSupervisor: Prof. Dr. Eigner
Department of Medical Anthropology, Medical University of ViennaDepartment of Medical Anthropology, Medical University of Vienna
Contents:
1. Brief introduction of TCM (Traditional Chinese 1. Brief introduction of TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine)Medicine)
2. The concept of Qi 2. The concept of Qi
3. Cases3. Cases
4. More details of qi exercises 4. More details of qi exercises
1. Brief introduction of TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine)
• (1) Background generating TCM theories(1) Background generating TCM theories• (2) Characteristics of TCM theories (2) Characteristics of TCM theories • (3) Basic terms(3) Basic terms
Background generating TCM theories
• 1. 1. ZhouyiZhouyi ( (Chou yi; Chou I; I; I Ching, I JingChou yi; Chou I; I; I Ching, I Jing))• 2. Huang and Lao Philosophy: framework2. Huang and Lao Philosophy: framework• Daoism Daoism • 3. Agriculture society3. Agriculture society• nature, nature, • climate, climate, • geographygeography
Basic Characteristics of TCM theories• Mathematic idea showed in word, not in Mathematic idea showed in word, not in
symbol: symbol: relationship among five – element theory relationship among five – element theory reasoning from factual clinical experience reasoning from factual clinical experience • Connotation extension of concepts Connotation extension of concepts narrow sense, wide sense narrow sense, wide sense • Can be repeated, while hard to descript Can be repeated, while hard to descript
clearly clearly
Introduction of TCM Terms• 1. qi one1. qi one• 2. yin and yang two2. yin and yang two• qi and xue (the blood)qi and xue (the blood)• 3. five elements three 3. five elements three • metal (jin), earth (tu), fire (huo-kidney yang)metal (jin), earth (tu), fire (huo-kidney yang)• fire (huo-heart qi), wood (mu), water (shui-fire (huo-heart qi), wood (mu), water (shui-
kidney yin) kidney yin) • shown in the pulse manifestationshown in the pulse manifestation• 4. pathogenic factors:4. pathogenic factors:• Wind, fire, summer-heat, dampness, dry, coldWind, fire, summer-heat, dampness, dry, cold
• 5. Eight principles in Diagnoses 5. Eight principles in Diagnoses (pathogenesis)(pathogenesis)
• (1) yin and yang(1) yin and yang• (2) the interior and exterior(2) the interior and exterior• (3) cold and heat(3) cold and heat• (4) excess and deficiency(4) excess and deficiency
• 6. Five zang and six fu6. Five zang and six fu• Five zang: xin, gan, pi, fei, shen.Five zang: xin, gan, pi, fei, shen.• heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney: the related heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney: the related
structure and function of the five organs and structure and function of the five organs and brain, pancreas, gall bladder, brain, pancreas, gall bladder,
• 7. Diagnostic concepts7. Diagnostic concepts
十问歌十问歌• 一问寒热二问汗一问寒热二问汗 , , 三问头身四问便三问头身四问便• 五问饮食六胸腹五问饮食六胸腹 ,,七聋八渴具当辨七聋八渴具当辨 ..• 九问旧病十问因九问旧病十问因 ,,再兼服药参机变再兼服药参机变 ..• 妇女犹需问经期妇女犹需问经期 ,,天花麻疹全占验天花麻疹全占验 ..
• 一问寒热二问汗一问寒热二问汗• The first inquiry: cold and heatThe first inquiry: cold and heatCold: feeling cold, aversion to cold, aversion to windCold: feeling cold, aversion to cold, aversion to windHeat: fever, feeling heat, aversion to heat, preference to coldHeat: fever, feeling heat, aversion to heat, preference to cold• The second inquiry: sweatingThe second inquiry: sweating spontaneous sweating in an adaptable temperature, night spontaneous sweating in an adaptable temperature, night
sweating, sweating, experience of profuse perspirationexperience of profuse perspiration without perspiration without perspiration
• 三问头身四问便三问头身四问便• The third question: sensation of the head and bodyThe third question: sensation of the head and body headache, heaviness feeling of the head or body, headache, heaviness feeling of the head or body,
general pain of the body, itching, any swollen general pain of the body, itching, any swollen parts of the head and body parts of the head and body
• The fourth question: function of the excretory The fourth question: function of the excretory systemsystem
regularity of bowel movements and urinationregularity of bowel movements and urination color, soft or hard, diarrhea, dripping, paincolor, soft or hard, diarrhea, dripping, pain
• 五问饮食六胸腹五问饮食六胸腹• The fifth asking: diet and thirstThe fifth asking: diet and thirst regular diet, regular diet, always feeling hungry, preference to sweet always feeling hungry, preference to sweet
foods, sour foods, and so onfoods, sour foods, and so on poor appetitepoor appetite• The sixth asking: sensation of the chest and The sixth asking: sensation of the chest and
abdomen abdomen pain, stress, swollenpain, stress, swollen
• 七聋八渴具当辨七聋八渴具当辨• The seventh question: ability of hearingThe seventh question: ability of hearing deafness, poor hearing ability gradually or deafness, poor hearing ability gradually or
suddenlysuddenly• The eighth question: thirsty feelingThe eighth question: thirsty feeling always thirst, without feeling of thirst,always thirst, without feeling of thirst, The feeling of thirst cannot be relieved The feeling of thirst cannot be relieved
after drinking water.after drinking water.
• 九问旧病十问因九问旧病十问因 ,,再兼服药参机变再兼服药参机变 ..• The ninth question: history of diseasesThe ninth question: history of diseases• The tenth question: causes of diseasesThe tenth question: causes of diseases• And the history of taking medication and And the history of taking medication and
treated by the other therapies treated by the other therapies
• 妇女犹需问经期妇女犹需问经期 ,,天花麻疹全占验天花麻疹全占验 ..• Period asking for womenPeriod asking for women• Contagious diseases for childrenContagious diseases for children
Concept of Qi
• The ancient Chinese people believed qi was the The ancient Chinese people believed qi was the most fundamental entity making up the world. most fundamental entity making up the world. They thought everything in the universe resulted They thought everything in the universe resulted from the movement and change of qi. The Chinese from the movement and change of qi. The Chinese character for "qi" is the same word used for air or character for "qi" is the same word used for air or gas, and it is thought to have the same properties gas, and it is thought to have the same properties as these substances. Qi can be interpreted as the as these substances. Qi can be interpreted as the "life energy" or "life force," . Sometimes, it is "life energy" or "life force," . Sometimes, it is known as the "vital energy" of the body. known as the "vital energy" of the body.
• qi: qi: 气气• air: air: 空气空气 , the heaven qi, the heaven qi• gas: gas: 煤气煤气 , , 气气 , the gaseous state of some , the gaseous state of some
basic elementsbasic elements
Field: full of Field: full of
magnetic magnetic
• (1) Qi is the vital substance constituting the (1) Qi is the vital substance constituting the human body.human body.
• (2) Qi refers to the physiological functions of (2) Qi refers to the physiological functions of organs and meridians. organs and meridians.
In fact, it may be difficult to find one equivalent In fact, it may be difficult to find one equivalent English word or phrase that completely describes English word or phrase that completely describes the nature of qi. Most often, qi is best defined the nature of qi. Most often, qi is best defined according to its functions and properties. according to its functions and properties.
• A normal healthy person: a person with A normal healthy person: a person with abundant (healthy) qi and abundant (healthy) qi and （（ goodgood ） ）spiritspirit
the body and mind medicinethe body and mind medicine
the psychosomatic medicine the psychosomatic medicine • Meridian qi, liver qi, stomach qiMeridian qi, liver qi, stomach qi
The origin of qi• Two main sources:Two main sources:• (1) inherited from parents (1) inherited from parents "innate vital substance“"innate vital substance“ prenatal qi, innate qi, inherited qiprenatal qi, innate qi, inherited qi (2)derived from essential substances in nature such as the (2)derived from essential substances in nature such as the
air the body breathe, food and waterair the body breathe, food and water postnatal qi, acquired vital energies, acquired qipostnatal qi, acquired vital energies, acquired qi
• The kidney first sends the innate vital substance upwards The kidney first sends the innate vital substance upwards where it combines with food essence derived from the where it combines with food essence derived from the spleen. It further mixes with the fresh air from the lungs spleen. It further mixes with the fresh air from the lungs where it finally forms into qi of the body.where it finally forms into qi of the body.
By understanding how qi is formed, TCM has identified By understanding how qi is formed, TCM has identified two important factors necessary for maintaining health. By two important factors necessary for maintaining health. By eating a healthy diet and breathing fresh air, the body eating a healthy diet and breathing fresh air, the body extracts their most valuable essences and uses them to help extracts their most valuable essences and uses them to help form the vital energy. Following these simple principles form the vital energy. Following these simple principles are the first steps towards creating a healthy balance in the are the first steps towards creating a healthy balance in the body. body.
review
Qi exercises:
• detailsdetails
quotation
BibliographyBibliography