concepts 7 unit a ppt

Computer Concepts - Illustrated Computer Concepts - Illustrated Introductory, Seventh EditionIntroductory, Seventh Edition

UNIT A:

Computer and Internet Basics

ObjectivesObjectives

Introduce digital technology

Define computers

Explore computer functions

Categorize computers

Examine personal computer systems

Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition

ObjectivesObjectives

Introduce software

Introduce the Internet and the Web

Understand email basics

Talking Points: Who Is Reading Your Email?


Introducing Digital TechnologyIntroducing Digital Technology

Digital Technology – includes computers and the Internet Has changed our lives

• Entertainment, information, communication Allows people in societies around world

to• Use innovative products• Adjust to industries in transformation• Watch new markets emerge• Deal with complex issues which influence culture,

politics, and economics

ComputerConcepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition


Digital revolution Ongoing process of social, political, and

economic change Brought about by digital technology

Information society Owning, generating, and distributing

information becomes significant economically and socially



Digital revolution impacts tools available to you Computers Portable media devices Cameras and camcorders Cell phones Radios and television GPS DVD and CD players Digital voice recorders



Digital revolution began in 1940s and 1950s Transistors Integrated circuits – called computer

chips

Digital watches – 1972

Handheld electronic calculators - 1973

First successful mass-produced computer - Apple II in 1977



Personal computers started slowly in marketplace Apple I (1976) and Apple II (1977) No compelling software

IBM introduced IBM PC - 1981 Brought PCs to consumer

Computer named Machine of the Year Time magazine - 1982



Why do I need a computer? Create documents Analyze numbers Edit photos Create graphics Access information Communicate Network



Digitization Process of converting text, numbers,

sound, photos, and video data into data that can be processed by digital devices


Defining ComputersDefining Computers

Computer Electronic device that

• accepts input• processes data• stores data• produces output based on instructions in

stored programs

Personal Computer (PC) Computer system includes

• Hardware• Peripheral devices• Software



Hardware Electronic and mechanical parts of computer

System unit Core hardware in computer system

Peripheral device Hardware added to computer system to

expand what computer can do

Software Computer program tells computer how to

perform particular tasks



Input device Used to input data into computer

• keyboard or mouse,

Output device Makes output visible and/or usable

• Monitor, printer, or speakers

Digital convergence Several technologies with distinct

functionalities evolve to form single product


Exploring How Computers WorkExploring How Computers Work

User ID and password Assigned for security reasons Usually assigned by system

administrator

Computer program (program) Instructions tell computer how to carry

out processing tasks Running program = start program so it is

ready for use.



Input Anything put into computer

Processing Working with data Takes place in processor

CPU (Central Processing Unit) Main processor, or brain, of computer



Memory Temporarily holds data waiting to be

processed, stored, and output

Storage Holds data permanently Not immediately needed for processing



File Named collection of data on storage medium

• Hard disk, DVD, CD, flash drive

Filename Can give a clue to its contents Consists of two parts

• Name left of period• File extension right of period

File extension Period and letters following



Output Processed results produced by computer

• Reports, documents, music, graphs, pictures

Output device displays, prints, or transmits results of processing



Basic Computer Functions


Categorizing ComputersCategorizing Computers

Computers are categorized by: How used Cost Size Processing capability

Helps purchasers make decisions



Personal computers (PC)Personal computers (PC) Desktop computers, notebooks, tabletsDesktop computers, notebooks, tablets Designed to meet needs of individuals, Designed to meet needs of individuals,

schools, home users, small businessesschools, home users, small businesses Wide variety of softwareWide variety of software



DesktopDesktop Fits on or under deskFits on or under desk Vertical case called TowerVertical case called Tower Easily upgradeableEasily upgradeable



NotebookNotebook Move computer from place to placeMove computer from place to place Smaller than desktop, same computing Smaller than desktop, same computing

powerpower Generally cost more than desktopsGenerally cost more than desktops



TabletTablet PortablePortable Touch sensitive screenTouch sensitive screen Write or drawWrite or draw Many applications involved handwritten Many applications involved handwritten

inputinput Used ‘on the go’Used ‘on the go’



Ultra-mobileUltra-mobile Small tablet Small tablet Runs most software designed for larger Runs most software designed for larger

computerscomputers Many have camera, GPS, gamesMany have camera, GPS, games



Handheld computer Essentially a personal digital assistant

(PDA) enhanced with features• Removable storage, email, Web access,

voice communication, camera, GPS



Workstations Powerful desktop computers

• Designed for specialized tasks• Lots of processing speed• Medical imaging, full-motion video graphics,

design

Mainframe computer Large, expensive computer used to process

data from hundreds or thousands of users

Supercomputer One of fastest computers in world when built



Form factor Refers to physical attributes and

intended use of component

Server Computer hardware or specific software,

or a combination, which serves other computers by supplying them with data

Almost any type of computer can be a server


Examining Personal ComputersExamining Personal Computers

Computer system refers to a computer and its attached devices

PCs vary in size and design, but typically contain similar elements

System unit Case that holds power supply, storage

and circuit boards, including “motherboard”

Display device (monitor)Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition


Basic computer system parts System unit

• Case that holds power supply, storage and circuit boards, including “motherboard”

Display device (monitor) Keyboard and mouse – input devices

Storage devices• Hard disk, disk drives, USB flash drives• Data is read from and written to

storage devices



Basic computer system parts (cont’d.) Speakers and sound cards Printer – output device Modem and network cards

• Establish Internet/network connection



Computer network Two or more computers and other

devices connected for purpose of sharing data and programs

LAN (Local Area Network) Network located within limited

geographical area

Internet Largest network in world


Introducing SoftwareIntroducing Software

Computers need software to operate

Application software help user carry out tasks Word processing, spreadsheets, etc.

Windows software designed for Windows operating system

Operating system software Master controller of all computer activities Classified as system software

• Helps computer monitor itself to function efficiently



Platform Underlying hardware and software of

computer system Defined by processor and OS

Most OSs use graphical user interface (GUI) Manipulated by mouse Icons, menus, buttons



Elements of a GUI



Sharing files depends on system compatibility

Windows and Mac platforms originally not compatible

Some application software created version for Windows and Mac

Can share files if both computers use same software


Introducing the Internet and the WebIntroducing the Internet and the Web

Internet offers abundant resources Information Communication Commerce Entertainment



Communication Email (electronic mail)

• One of most popular ways to communicate Chat groups

• Several people communicating in real time by typing comments to each other

Internet telephony• Allows voice conversations to travel over

Internet



Instant Messaging (IM) Private version of chat



Social networks MySpace, Facebook

• Used to stay in touch with friends, family, and other members of same social network

Blog Written personal journal posted on Web

with free access by general public



The Web Collection of linked documents graphics,

and sound accessed over Internet

Web pages Part of Internet used most often Connected through use of hypertext or

links Can include text, photos, video, sound,

animation



Browser Program that allows you to view Web

pages on computer



Web site Web pages on related topic that are

grouped together

Home page Main page of Web site Acts as doorway to rest of site



Finding information on Web Search engine

• Web site providing variety of tools to help find information

Keyword• Word or phrase to describe information you

are trying to find• Search engine will provide links to pages

that match keyword


Uniform Resource Locator (URL) Unique address for Web page Indicates:

• computer on which page is stored• location on Web server• folder name or names in which it is stored• Filename and file extension

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Communications standard used to

transfer information over Internet



Understanding Email BasicsUnderstanding Email Basics

Email accounts available through email providers Universities, Gmail, EarthLink

Accounts include storage area called mailbox

Email address



In order to send and receive email Computer must be hooked up to

Internet Must have email software installed

Email message parts Message header

• Address of receiver(s), message subtext, names of any attachments

Body• Actual message



Email message parts



Email Features



Store-and-forward technology Communications method in which data

can be stored until transmission is possible

Email attachments In addition to body of message, you can

attach• Documents, spreadsheets, photos, video,

sounds



Netiquette (Internet etiquette) Guidelines for maintaining civilized and

effective communication in online discussions and email exchanges• All caps considered SHOUTING AND RUDE

Never write anything personal or damaging in an email Nonprivate form of communication


Talking Points:Talking Points:WHO IS READING YOUR EMAIL?WHO IS READING YOUR EMAIL?

Who is Reading your Email?

Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 2000 Prohibits use of email as evidence

unless judge approves search warrant No such protection offered in workplace Many businesses monitor email

Patriot Act Relaxes rules for obtaining and implementing

search warrant Easier to get email logs and addresses from

email providerComputer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition


Your email might become public Forwarding Technicians might see it during routine

maintenance Email exchanges, including those you

delete, can be stored as backup on server

Some Web-based providers monitor how often you log in May monitor keystrokes to map which

links you click




Think of email as postcard, rather than letter

Save your controversial comments for face-to-face conversations

concepts 7 unit a ppt

Technology

computer computer concepts

computers computer concepts

computer processing

computer reports

consumer computer

computer keyboard

network computer concepts

software computer program