Conditions that led to the ConstitutionConditions that led to the Constitution

Shays’ RebellionShays’ Rebellion

Economic ProblemsEconomic Problems

TradeTrade

TariffsTariffs

CurrencyCurrency

National DebtNational Debt

Diplomatic IssuesDiplomatic Issues

Road to the ConstitutionRoad to the Constitution

Annapolis Convention, Annapolis Convention, 17861786

Constitutional Constitutional ConventionConvention

17871787

IssuesIssues

RepresentationRepresentation

SlaverySlavery

RatificationRatification

FederalistsFederalists

Anti-FederalistsAnti-Federalists

Bill of RightsBill of Rights

Designing a New NationDesigning a New Nation

Articles of Confederation Articles of Confederation (1781-1789)(1781-1789)

--Decentralized--Decentralized--Strong state --Strong state

government/weak federal government/weak federal governmentgovernment

--No taxing power--No taxing power--No judiciary--No judiciary--No regulation of trade--No regulation of trade--Amended unanimously--Amended unanimously--Nine states required to --Nine states required to

approve important measuresapprove important measures--No executive--No executive

U. S. Constitution (1789-)U. S. Constitution (1789-)--Where does authority lay?--Where does authority lay?--How are powers --How are powers

“balanced?”“balanced?”--What lessons from --What lessons from

American past are American past are incorporated into it?incorporated into it?

--What are “undemocratic” --What are “undemocratic” elements?elements?

--How “republican” is it?--How “republican” is it?--What powers are --What powers are

“delegated” to “delegated” to government by states?government by states?

--What powers remain for the --What powers remain for the states?states?

Politics in the New RepublicPolitics in the New Republic

Alexander Hamilton/Loose Alexander Hamilton/Loose ConstructionConstruction

--”Necessary and Proper Clause”--”Necessary and Proper Clause”

--Power to central government--Power to central government

--Economic diversification--Economic diversification

--Tariffs--Tariffs

--Funding--Funding

--English model--English model

Thomas Jefferson/Strict Thomas Jefferson/Strict ConstructionConstruction

--10--10thth Amendment Amendment

--Many powers reserved to states--Many powers reserved to states

--Agrarian future--Agrarian future

--Free trade--Free trade

--Western lands--Western lands

--French loyalty--French loyalty

Additional Issues:Additional Issues:

French RevolutionFrench Revolution

Jay’s TreatyJay’s Treaty

Quasi-War with FranceQuasi-War with France

Alien and Sedition ActsAlien and Sedition Acts

““Revolution” of 1800Revolution” of 1800

Removal of Federalist OfficersRemoval of Federalist Officers

Louisiana PurchaseLouisiana Purchase

Federalists (1790s-1810s) Jeffersonian Republicans (1790s-Federalists (1790s-1810s) Jeffersonian Republicans (1790s-1810s1810s

National/Democratic Republicans (1810s-1820s)National/Democratic Republicans (1810s-1820s)

Whigs (1820s-1850s)Whigs (1820s-1850s) Jacksonian Democrats (1820s-Jacksonian Democrats (1820s-1850s)1850s)

Know Nothings/Southern Democrats/Northern Democrats (1850s)Know Nothings/Southern Democrats/Northern Democrats (1850s)

Republicans (1856-Present) Democrats (1860s-Republicans (1856-Present) Democrats (1860s-Present)Present)