conduit hydropower potential in city’s wds p1-1 gds 2055 workshop conduit hydropower potential in...

Conduit Hydropower Potential in City’s WDS

P1-1

GDS 2055 workshop

Conduit Hydropower Potential in City’s Water Distribution System


P1-2

Intro

CHP in City’s WDS

Title: Energy generation from distribution systems

Period: 2 years

Funding: Water Research Commission with a number of collaborating organisations


P1-3

• What is conduit hydropower?• Description• Identifying potential sites• Potential sites in Tshwane • PvRCHP• Feasibility• Way forward

Layout of the presentation

CHP in City’s WDS


• Conduit hydropower is where excess energy available in pressurised conduits (pumping or gravity) is transformed into clean, renewable hydroelectric energy by means of a turbine.

• The excess energy is normally dissipated by means of pressure control valves but by conveying it through a parallel dissipating system, the water turbine, the pressure head and flow is utilized to generate hydroelectric power.

What is conduit hydropower?

P1-4CHP in City’s WDS



P1-5

Uitkijk reservoir

Brandkop reservoir

1 400

1 420

1 440

1 460

1 480

1 500

1 520

1 540

1 560

1 580

0 10 000 20 000 30 000 40 000 50 000 60 000

Chainage (m)

Ele

vati

on (

m)

Longitudinal profile

HGL static conditions

HGL maximum flow

ΔHmax = 83.2 m, Qmin = 0 m³/s

Qmax = 1.42 m³/s, ΔHmin = 15 m

ΔH

CHP in City’s WDS



P1-6

Uitkijk reservoir

Brandkop reservoir

1 400

1 420

1 440

1 460

1 480

1 500

1 520

1 540

1 560

1 580

0 10 000 20 000 30 000 40 000 50 000 60 000

Chainage (m)

Ele

vati

on (

m)

Longitudinal profile

HGL static conditions

HGL maximum flow

When flowing at 70% of design capacity ΔH70% = 47.1 m, Q70% = 1.0 m³/s

CHP in City’s WDS


“Conduit hydropower” – energy generated from pressurised conduits

Description



Drivers for a municipality to consider “conduit hydropower”:

– Renewable energy source– Rising energy costs– Reduced revenues– Financial incentives– Public perception– Job creation– Extending the operational life of control valves– Remote power (alarms, communications etc.)

Description



P1-9

• Q, H, generation time and assurance of supply

• Accessible?• Reservoir storage to accommodate

fluctuating demands• Generated electricity consumption?• Bypass alternative• Safety mechanisms• Feasibility

Identifying potential sites

CHP in City’s WDS


P1-10

Potential sites in Tshwane

Geographically speaking the City of Tshwane has a lower elevation then the bulk service Reservoirs of Rand Water which is the main water supply.

Water is then distributed through a large water system that includes 160 reservoirs, 42 water towers, 10677 km of pipes and more than 260 pressure reducing installations (PRV’s) that operates at pressures of up to 250 m.

CHP in City’s WDS


P1-11


CHP in City’s WDS


P1-12


Reservoirs

TWL(m.asl)

Capacity(kl)

Pressure(m)

Flow(l/s)

YearlyPotential power

generation (kWh) #

Garsfontein 1 508.4 60 000 165 1850 3 278 980

Wonderboom 1 351.8 22 750 256 470 1 292 471

Heights LL 1 469.6 55 050 154 510 843 673

Heights HL 1 506.9 92 000 204 340 745 062

Soshanguve DD 1 249.5 40 000 168 400 721 859

Waverley HL 1 383.2 4 550 133 505 721 483

Akasia 1 413.8 15 000 190 340 693 930

Clifton 1 506.4 27 866 196 315 663 208

Magalies 1 438.0 51 700 166 350 624 107

Montana 1 387.6 28 000 82 463 407 829

Total calculated yearly power generation in Tshwane from 10 reservoirs - (Nearest 10 000 kWh)

10 000 000

CHP in City’s WDS

conduit hydropower potential in city’s wds p1-1 gds 2055 workshop conduit hydropower potential in...

Documents