conference proceedingsamextnn.org/doc/ictnn_conference_proceedings.pdf · 2018. 12. 3. · orlando...

October 28(Sun)-31(Wed), 2018 Mexico City, Mexico

CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS

ICTNN 2018

International Congress on Transdisciplinary Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

2018

October 28(Sun)-31(Wed), 2018 Mexico City, Mexico

Supported by

Instituto Politécnico Nacional Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología

Cooperating Organization

Asociación Mexicana Transdisciplinaria de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, A.C. (AMEX-TNN, A.C.)

Program - 2

INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON TRANSDISCIPLINARY NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY

INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL DIRECCIÓN GENERAL Dr. Mario Alberto Rodríguez Casas Secretaría General Héctor Leoncio Martínez Castuera Secretaría Académica Dr. Emmanuel Alejandro Merchán Cruz Secretaría De Investigación y Posgrado Dr. Juan Aranda Barradas Secretaría de Servicios Educativos Mtra. María Guadalupe Vargas Jacobo Secretaría de Extensión e Integración Social Dr. Luis Alfonso Villa Vargas Secretaría de Gestión Estratégica Reynold Ramón Farrera Rebollo Secretaría de Administración C.P. Jorge Quintana Reyna

UNIDAD PROFESIONAL INTERDISCIPLINARIA DE BIOTECNOLOGÍA

DIRECCIÓN Dra. María Guadalupe Ramírez Sotelo Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación Dra. María del Carmen Oliver Salvador

Program - 3


Preface

The International Congress on Transdisciplinary Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICTNN 2018 Mexico City), on its first edition is aimed to promote the participation of the academic sector related to Nanoscience and Nanotechnology and link with the industry, the public and private sector, as well as transmit the knowledge of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology to society. Having more than 450 authors, 7 Keynote Speakers, 36 Oral Presentations and 97 Poster Presentations, the ICTNN 2018 organizing committee is pleased to welcome you to the first transdisciplinary congress on nanoscience and nanotechnology to be held in Mexico City, going beyond regular topics, including: Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Environment, Materials, Devices and applications, Education and Legislation. Being proud to include participants from Mexico, Japan, Chile, Cuba, Venezuela, Colombia, Poland, France and Spain; and of course, especial invitees from institutions all over the country, including the states Veracruz, Baja California, Yucatán, Aguascalientes, Sonora, San Luis Potosí, Hidalgo, Nuevo León, Tlaxcala, Morelos, Puebla and Sinaloa. Please allow me to welcome you with great pleasure to the ICTNN 2018 on behalf on the organizing committee.

Paulina Abrica González Conference Chair,

ICTNN 2018

Program - 4


Scientific Committee (SC)

Takuya Iida (Osaka Prefecture University)

Yasuyuki Yamamoto (Osaka Prefecture University)

José Abraham Balderas López (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Paulina Abrica González (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

José Alberto Zamora Justo (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Guillermo Rocael Vázquez Martínez (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Alejandro Muñoz Diosdado (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Antonio Sotelo López (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Mariela Montaño Samaniego (Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Antonio Rowland Ramos Díaz (Escuela Superior de Ingería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Julio Ángel Vázquez Martínez (Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados)

Miguel Ibañez Hernández (Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Diana Marcela Bravo Estupiñan (Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Blanca Estela Chavez Sandoval (Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Cuajimalpa)

Josué David Hernández Varela (Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Martha Leticia Hernández Pichardo (Escuela Superior de Ingería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

María Elena Aguilar Jaúregui (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Itzel Pamela Torres Avila (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Marco Alberto Ayala Torres (Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados)

Ezel Jacome Galindo Pérez (Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Xochimilco)

Rocio Casañas Pimentel (Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Mario Cervantes Contreras (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Sayuri Chong Canto (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Joel Díaz Reyes (Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Amado Francisco García Ruiz (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingeniería y Ciencias Sociales y Administrativas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Ramón Alejandro Guitérrez Calleja (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Gonzalo Galvez Coyt (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Martín Liedo Arenas (Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Azcapotzalco)

Jorge Alberto Mendoza Pérez (Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

María Graciela Mollina González (Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México)

Francisco García Franco (Universidad Tominaga Nakamoto)

Program - 5


Conference Chair ICTNN 2018

Paulina Abrica González (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología,

Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Logistic Committee (LC)

José Alberto Zamora Justo (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología,


Program distribution Committee

Ramón Alejandro Gutiérrez Calleja (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología,


Blanca Estela Chavez Sandoval (Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Cuajimalpa)

Pre-congress events Committee

Sayuri Chong Canto (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

General Committee

Jesús Nicolás Bermúdez (Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Rocio Guadalupe Casañas Pimentel (Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Michelle Yepiz Soto (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Itzel Pamela Torres Avila (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Cintia Proa Coronado (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Program - 6


Social Communication Committee (SC)

Guillermo Rocael Vázquez Martínez (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Public Image Committee

Germán Quiróz Merino (Centro de Investigación en Computación, Instituto

Politécnico Nacional)

Sayuri Chong Canto (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología,


María Acero Pérez (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología,


Web Page

Sergio Proa Coronado (Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto


María Elena Angular Jáuregui (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología,


Antonio Sotelo López (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología,


César Alejandro Hernández Calderón (Centro de Investigación en Computación, Instituto


Humberto Loyo Cuadra (Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica,


Miguel Angel Quintana Alvarez (Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica,

Instituto Politécnico Nacional

Quotes and financing

Mariela Montaño Samaniego (Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto


Karen Ailed Neri Espinoza (Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto


Josué David Hernández Varela (Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto


Itzel Pamela Torres Avila (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología,


María Graciela Molina González (Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad

Nacional Autónoma de México)

Program - 7


Editorial Committee (EC)

Alejandro Muñoz Diosdado (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología,


Miguel Ibáñez Hernández (Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto


Paulina Abrica González (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología,


Scholarships Committee (SC)

Diana Marcela Bravo Estupiñan (Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto

Politécnico Nacional) Zulema García García

Antonio Rowland Ramos Díaz (Escuela Superior de Ingería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Student Monitors

Nancy Gabriela Pérez López

Amparo Salcedo Martínez

Ángel Olarte Hernández

Miguel Ángel López Castillo

(Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Andrea Duarte García

Samantha Moreno Fernández

Martha Laura Tamayo Aguilar

(Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Juan Pablo León González

Greta de Monserrat Tavares Martínez

María Patricia López Ramírez

(Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Martín Juárez Torres (Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Orlando Alonzo Andrade Bacilio (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria en Ingeniería y Tecnologías Avanzadas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Michel Irais Rodríguez (Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México)

Gustavo I. Vera Yañez (Centro de Lenguas Extranjeras- Unidad Santo Tomás, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Gabriela Leticia Araujo Bernal (Escuela Superior de Ingería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Index - 1

Index KEYNOTE CONFERENCES ........................................................................................................... 1

Characterization in low and high dimension of the effects of chemical-physical interactions

between metal-polymer substrates and packaged food products ................................................. 2

Robotics and Medical Physics ......................................................................................................... 3

Numerical investigation of optically assembled nanoparticles ...................................................... 4

Applications of Nanotechnology to the Preparation of Advanced Materials for Technologies of

Renewable Energy ........................................................................................................................... 5

Luminescent characteristic of hybrid luminescent materials for solar energy harvesting ............. 6

Clays and Ceramics in Fluorescent Nanocomposites for Diagnostic Microbiology ........................ 7

ORAL SESSION .......................................................................................................................... 8

Bacterial Concentration Measurement Based on Photothermal-Fluidics ...................................... 9

Confocal-Multiphoton Microscopy: principles and applications .................................................. 10

Adverse reactions to anti-tuberculosis drugs (RAFAS) and its Effect on adherence and / or

abandonment of treatment in the city of Cartagena, Colombia .................................................. 11

Automatic nanomechanical analysis on cell populations by Atomic Force Microscopy ................ 12

Standardized surface micromachining platform at IPN: A First Approach ................................... 13

Study of nanostructured materials for the CO2 molecule sequestration ..................................... 14

Micro and Nano tendencies in sensor development .................................................................... 15

Mechanical behavior study on ZnO Nanopillars to assess its use as a mechanical energy storage

material ......................................................................................................................................... 16

Nanotechnology applications in food, energy and environmental technology ............................ 17

Biosensor for the detection of breast cancer ................................................................................ 18

Incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles in tomato root during its first stages of growth .................. 19

NiO Thin Films by Sputtering deposition for Ozonization of Naproxen in Aqueous Medium ...... 20

Green Materials: Grain-Oriented Iron Foil as Thin-Film for their Possible Engineering Application

....................................................................................................................................................... 21

Nanomedicine against cancer, broadening the horizons of basic science to the industry in Mexico

....................................................................................................................................................... 22

Mobile Electroencephalograph and its Applications ..................................................................... 23

Nanoscience: new science or new name? Experience in Biology (FESI-UNAM) ...................... 24

What do we know about the nano world?: we can talk about ‘nanopsychology’! ....................... 25

Index - 2

Green synthesis of iron nanoparticles, to optimize the production of lipids in cultures of

microorganisms ............................................................................................................................. 26

Tailoring the reactivity of acid catalysts by the control of the surface nanostructure ................. 27

The application of microrobots in biotechnological and biomedical disciplines .......................... 28

Determination at the same time of band offset ratio and the diffusion length in AlGaAs/GaAs

quantum wells grown by molecular beam epitaxy ........................................................................ 29

POSTER SESSION ..................................................................................................................... 30

Some hints for good AFM imaging of powder samples ................................................................ 31

Mono and bimetallic nanoalloys from organometallic precursors with electrochemical activity

during urea oxidation reaction ...................................................................................................... 32

Synthesis and characterization of palladium-supported nanostructures stabilized with different

amines: effect on the NOx-electroreduction reaction .................................................................. 33

Size, Shape and Structural Control of Stabilized Metal Nanocrystals from Organometallic

Precursors ...................................................................................................................................... 34

Synthesis of Palladium nanoparticles estabilized with PVP: Electrocatalysts for methanol electro-

oxidation reaction ......................................................................................................................... 35

Design and simulation of a capacitive pressure system for measuring ventricular pressure ........ 36

Morphological and genetic characterization of Ascaris lumbricoides of stray dogs and owner dogs

....................................................................................................................................................... 37

Importance of the karyotype in the diagnosis of chromosomal diseases ...................................... 38

Detection, diagnosis and treatment of genetic deficiency of NEMO gene in Mexico ................... 39

Identification of Reproductive Isolation genes with BACs from a genomic library of D. buzzatii 40

Electrochemical studies of phenylalanine as green corrosion inhibitor for stainless steel in

chloride solution ............................................................................................................................ 41

Importance of the karyotype in the diagnosis of chromosomal diseases ...................................... 42

Different routes of infection in Neurocysticercosis ....................................................................... 43

Remoción de Cromo hexavalente en modelos de soluciones acuosas, por la técnica de biosorción

utilizando Scenedesmus sp. ........................................................................................................... 44

Evaluation of antimicrobial dosing schemes in ICU patients of the Caribbean University Hospital

(HUC) in Cartagena de Indias - Colombia ....................................................................................... 45

Pilot Study in the Management of Annual Antimicrobial Therapy in a Third Level University

Hospital ......................................................................................................................................... 46

Structural and optical properties of BaZrO3:Eu3+ hydrothermally obtained nanoparticles ......... 47

Index - 3

Ultrastructure and evidence of efflux pumps nanostructures in Listeria monocytogenes exposed

to natural antimicrobials ............................................................................................................... 48

Highly active low platinum loading in the bimetallic Pt-Ni catalyst for methanol electro-

oxidation reaction in acid media. .................................................................................................. 49

Cuantificación de la actividad de radiofármacos de 99mTc-AuNP en maniquíes antropomórficos

impresos en 3D con imágenes SPECT/CT ....................................................................................... 50

Evaluation of Nanostructured Coatings with Chitosan and / or Propolis in vitro on the Production

of Aflatoxines of the Toxigenic Fungus Aspergillus flavus ............................................................. 51

Venturi tube another way to obtain nanoparticles by solvent displacement ............................... 52

Synthesis and functionalization of superparamagnetic nanoparticles for cancer therapy ........... 53

Relationship between the size of acicular ferrite needles and the toughness of weld beads added

with SiO2- and Al2O3-NPs during the Submerged Arc Welding process ....................................... 54

Titanium oxide nanotubes to enhance the cellular adhesion ........................................................ 56

Morphological characterization of nanoparticles from pecan nutshells obtained by planetary ball

milling ............................................................................................................................................ 57

Obtention of an IgG monoclonal antibody against the Brucella abortus lipopolysaccharide ........ 58

Cellular transfection study of polyethylene glycol coated gold nanoparticles and cytotoxicity .... 59

Synthesis of nanoparticles for the targeting of antineoplastic agents in the treatment of breast

cancer ............................................................................................................................................ 60

Microencapsulation of CRL by dripping and jet break up ............................................................. 61

Silver Nanoparticles AgNP´s as a treatment for soft rot disease in potato (Solanum tuberosum

var. Alpha) grown on forest soil .................................................................................................... 63

Lipase enzymes on graphene oxide support for high- efficiency reusable nanobiocatalysis of

biodiesel ........................................................................................................................................ 65

Silver Nanoparticles Nanocarriers for Targeted Therapy on Breast Cancer: Effects of pH,

maturation time and Silver Nanoparticles Concentration ............................................................. 67

Gold nanoparticles coated with modified chitosan for developing DNA carriers .......................... 68

Recovery of motor functions in a rotenone-treated rat model after releasing dopamine from

titanium dioxide matrix implants .................................................................................................. 69

Treatments with silver and silver-gold nanoparticles can be used for controlling Xanthomonas

fragariae in strawberry ................................................................................................................. 71

Nanofibers of pharmacological application for the treatment of skin lesions ............................... 73

Effects of ultrasonic treatment on reduced graphene oxide ......................................................... 74

Experimental observation of Fano Resonances in Cu nanostructures obtained by thermal

Index - 4

evaporation ................................................................................................................................... 75

Development of heterojunction of semiconductor polymer MEH-PPV with a MWCNT sponge

matrix ............................................................................................................................................ 76

Systemic delivery and activation of the TRAIL gene in lungs, with magnetic nanoparticles of

chitosan controlled by an external magnetic field ......................................................................... 77

Persistence microencapsulated formulation of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana

in the control of Tobacco Budworm Heliothis virescens ............................................................... 79

Use and therapeutic application of Nanocarriers (Smart Drugs) to prevention and remediation of

Cardiovascular Diseases ................................................................................................................ 80

Preliminary study of the thermal oxidation of copper nanostructures by thermogravimetry ...... 81

Optimization of the magnetite nanoparticle synthesis by factorial design ................................... 82

Radioesterilized porcine skin impregnated with silver nanoparticles as scaffold for the transplant

of mesenchymal stem cells and prevention of wound infection in deep burns ........................... 84

Sensing of solvents with conductive polymeric bio- composites based on linseed oil and carbon

nanotubes ..................................................................................................................................... 86

New Cationic Lipid Forming Nanoliposomes to Transfer Genes to Eukaryotic Cells without

Toxicity .......................................................................................................................................... 87

Design and construction of a genetic nanovector expressing a poly-miR-122 for gene therapy of

hepatocarcinoma........................................................................................................................... 88

Thermodynamic Study of the Influence of Amino and Carboxylic Groups on Highly

Functionalized Polymers ............................................................................................................... 89

Nano-Network for Curcumin/Dopamine reléase in treating hemiparkinsonisms induced in the rat

....................................................................................................................................................... 90

Biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using crude extracts of Bacopa monnieri (L.)

Wettst. of the eastern region of Mexico ....................................................................................... 91

Surface modification of a polymeric substrate for improved adhesion with nanoparticles of

SiO2 by Flame Treatment and Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet ............................................... 92

Improving CdTe solar cell efficiency by using blue CdTe surface ................................................... 93

Study of morphological properties of ZnS thin films influenced by using different thermal

treatments ..................................................................................................................................... 94

Low Temperature Fabrication ZnO/HfO2-Thin Film Transistors ................................................... 95

Advances in electrocatalysis for the oxygen reduction reaction through combining theory and

experiment .................................................................................................................................... 96

Characterization of nanostructured chitosan with monoterpenes and effect in vitro on growth of

Alternaria alternata in pepper....................................................................................................... 97

Index - 5

Characterization of native Oxalis tuberosa red potato flour and its possible applications .......... 98

Study of electrochemical proprieties of bio-inspired coating based ErGO ................................... 99

Study on the hydrophilic properties of Molybdenum- Oxide nanowires arrays obtained by

thermal treatment and reactive ion etching ............................................................................... 100

Structural Characterization of Au/TiO2 Nanowires array Synthesized into a Nanoporous Anodic

Alumina Template ....................................................................................................................... 101

Shaping You By Seeking Out ........................................................................................................ 102

Preparation of Ppy bi-layered films by chemical bath deposition ............................................... 103

In situ study of adsorption and desorption of CO2 on mixed metal oxides using DRIFT ............. 104

Biometric parameters and photosynthesis in guayule “Parthenium Argentatum” plants irrigated

with water-dispersed multiwall carbon nanotubes .................................................................... 106

Synthesis of a membrane with ionic liquid (IL) to separate CO2 from a gas mixture ................. 107

Structural properties of undoped and doped ZnO:Tb films grown by RF

magnetron sputtering on Si substrate .......................................................................... 108

Synthesis of SiO2-folate nanoparticles for local release of Cis-Pt in GBM tumors ..................... 109

Evaluation of the bioavailability of a mircroemulsion system containing lipid nutrients based on

polyunsaturated fatty acids ......................................................................................................... 110

Thermal and Rheological Characterization of a pH- Sensitive Polymeric System for the

Encapsulation of Bioactive Substances ........................................................................................ 111

Synthesis and characterization of a polymeric ligament by electrospinning .............................. 113

Synthesis and characterization of Layered-Double Hydroxides Al/Mg assisted by microwave-

ultrasound irradiaton and its evaluation in sorption of reactive textile dye ................................ 114

Functionalization of ceramic support by nanometric coatings obtained from deep eutectic

solvents (DES) to remove CO2 ..................................................................................................... 115

Effect of the hydrocarbon-chain length of cationic lipids on formation of stable nanoliposomes

for gene transfer into eukaryotic cells ........................................................................................ 116

Determination of Electrochemical Properties of Films Based Fe3O4 OVER Ti6Al4V-Eli .............. 117

Studies of Splat Formation for Building Composite Coatings Thermally Sprayed onto Copper

Substrates .................................................................................................................................... 118

Gold Nanoparticles-Based Nanocomposite biosensor for Salmonella typhimurium detection ... 119

Toxicity of AuNPs in Danio rerio as a In Vivo Model ................................................................... 120

Method of Green Synthesis to Obtain Colloidal Solution of Au-Nps ........................................... 121

Design of a Genosensor as a fast test for detection of rifampicin resistance in Mycobacterium

tuberculosis for human Latin populations .................................................................................. 122

Index - 6

A review on semiconductors nanoparticles doped with rare earths and their applications ...... 123

Synthesis and characterization of luminescent nanoparticles .................................................... 124

Design and synthesis of a cationic lipid based on a basic amino acid for gene transfer ............. 125

Measurement of the Thermal Properties of Gold Nanoparticles by Photopyroelectric Techniques

..................................................................................................................................................... 126

Robotic Tomographic System for Nuclear Imaging ..................................................................... 127

Green walls that solve environmental problems ......................................................................... 128

Synthesis and characterization of the optical properties of the TTA / Gd2O3: Eu3+

system ...... 129

Behavior of nanometric YSZ powders in thermal spray by flame ........................................... 130

Synthesis of perovskites for photovoltaic applications ................................................................ 131

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly (Styrene-Co-Acrylonitrile) Nanofibers for Potential

Development of Artificial Muscles .............................................................................................. 132

Preparation of Ceramic Membranes of Nanofiltration by Nano-Deposition to be Used in the

Purification of Water with Diferent Contaminants ..................................................................... 133

Comparation of current–voltage characteristics of OLEDs using PlexCore R-155 as HTL versus Alq3

as ETL ........................................................................................................................................... 134

Synthesis of silica-carbon composites core-shell type ................................................................. 135

Synthesis and characterization of bi-metallic carbon supported electrocatalyst for oxygen

reduction reaction (ORR) ............................................................................................................. 136

Formic acid electro-oxidation on carbon supported Pt-Pd bimetallic nanoparticles for fuel cells

..................................................................................................................................................... 137

International Congress on Transdisciplinary Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, ICTNN 2018

October 28 –31, 2018, Mexico City, MEXICO

KEYNOTE CONFERENCES


October 28 –31, 2018, Mexico City, MEXICO Proceedings - Keynote Conferences - 2

Characterization in low and high dimension of the effects of chemical-physical interactions between metal-polymer

substrates and packaged food products

Ernesto Zumelzu Delgado

Universidad Austral de Chile

Abstract:



Robotics and Medical Physics

a S. S. Flores-Jaramillo, a C. Ríos-Ramírez and a A. Ortiz-Morales a Instituto Politécnico Nacional, UPIITA

Av. IPN 2580. Col. La Laguna Ticoman, Gustavo A. Madero. C.P. 07340 México City, México.

Abstract: Currently, the need to optimize processes for the improvement in

therapeutic processes is necessary. Exposure to ionizing radiation in oncological units

during the performance of radio therapeutic and control procedures established by

government regulatory are restrictive. Hence the need to design a robotic arm that

manipulates radioactive sources during routine processes, and prior to radiotherapy

treatments. Therefore the design, manufacture and programming of a robotic arm, it will be

controlled by telemanipulation, which will carry out tasks of handling of the radioactive

sources of Cs137 (Cesium 137), in the previous process to brachytherapy, furthermore for

the cervical smear test into Oncological Medical Unit of a hospital.

For doing that, it was used telemanipulation through an easy computing control system,

which is responsible for the movements of the robotic arm; it has four degree of freedom

(FOD), where you can trace the route (axis X, Y, Z) according to the task that will be do it,

the trajectory is established by the operator, who subsequently activates the gripper to take

the object and move it; depending on the case, the robot returns to its initial position for the

next task. The placement and circumspection of the measurements of the robot are

considered in accordance with the workstation, that the placement requires the hospital, for

avoiding that exposed personal to the operation present damages to health; the thesis

describes the design, the evolution along the performance tests, viability, the adequate

selection of materials, actuators, electronics and programming, observing which is the

optimal model to achieve the required tasks. It’s expected that the robotic arm model be

low cost and maintenance for the implementation of the system in Mexican radiotherapy

centers (RC) to avoid to operationally exposed personnel (OEP) to radionuclides.



Numerical investigation of optically assembled nanoparticles

Mamoru Tamura1,2, and Takuya Iida1,2

1Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, and

2Research Institute for Light-induced Acceleration System, Osaka Prefecture University,

1-2, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai-shi, Osaka, 599-8570, Japan Phone: +81-72-254-8132, e-mail (M.T.): [email protected]; e-mail (T.I.): [email protected]

Abstract: Although the optical tweezers can remotely manipulate the small objects

using a focused laser, usually a light-induced force (LIF) exerting on the nanoparticles

(NPs) is too weak to manipulate them in a room temperature water. However, the metallic

NPs can be manipulated by the strong LIF due to the localized surface plasmon resonance.

Furthermore, since its resonance condition is dependent on their size and shape, the

resonant NPs and their array structures can be selectively manipulated and assembled onto

the substrate under the light with the specific wavelength. To numerically study such the

phenomena, we have developed the theoretical framework for the simulation based on the

Brownian dynamics method [1] and Monte Carlo method [2]. As the external force, the LIF

can be evaluated by the time-averaged general expression derived from the Lorentz force

[3]. To calculate the LIF, the response electric field and induced polarization of NPs are

also required, which can be obtained by solving the Maxwell’s equations under the discrete

integral with spherical cells (DISC) similar to the discrete dipole approximation (DDA).

Based on this framework, previously we and cooperative researchers reported that only the

rod-shaped silver NPs were transported from the mixture of various shaped NPs, and

assembled onto a substrate with the array resonant to the incident light. In addition, by

using the characteristic laser beam with a ring-shaped intensity distribution and an axially

symmetric polarization, the constructed structure inherited such the light properties. In this

presentation, we will explain our developed method to numerically study the optical

assembly of NPs, and discuss its results and potential applications. The obtained results will

pave the way to the nano-optical assembly, and leads to the development of nano-optics.

Keywords: Optical tweezers; metallic nanoparticles; nano-optical assembly; simulation

Acknowledgment The authors would like to thank Prof. H. Ishihara, Prof. S. Ito and Prof. S. Tokonami for their support and encouragement. This work was supported by Scientific Research on Innovative Areas “Nano-Material Optical-Manipulation” (No. 16H06507), a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) (No. 17H00856), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) (No. 15H03010, No. 18H03522) from JSPS KAKENHI, the Key Project Grant Program of Osaka Prefecture University, and the Cooperative Research Program of “Network Joint Research Center for Materials and Devices”.

References 1. T. Iida, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 3, 332 (2012); M. Tamura and T. Iida, Nano Lett. 12, 5337 (2012).

2. S. Ito, et al., Sci. Rep. 3, 3047 (2013); M. Tamura and T. Iida, Appl. Phys. Lett. 107, 261105

(2015).

3. T. Iida and H. Ishihara, Phys. Rev. B 77, 245319 (2008).

mailto:[email protected]



Applications of Nanotechnology to the Preparation of Advanced Materials for Technologies of Renewable

Energy

Edilso Francisco Reguera Ruíz

Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada,

Unidad Legaria, Ciudad de México, México Email: [email protected]

Abstract: The current technological development and comfort of the modern way

of life are supported in the use of fossil fuels as energy source. Fossil fuels are no-

renewable energy source and their combustion to obtain other energy forms involves the

emission of large amount of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, which is responsible for the

global warming and related climate changes. By this fact, the increasing participation of

renewable energy sources in the global energy matrix is of the major urgency. The

development of technologies of renewable energies and their progressive practical

introduction face two challenges: 1) the will of local societies in these regards, 2) the

availability of the required new materials to support the necessary technological

developments. Except geothermal and tidal energy, the remaining renewable energy

sources have solar origin. These last ones include, eolic, hydraulic (from rain), thermosolar,

oceanic (waves, thermal and currents), biomass, and photovoltaic energy. The current

energy consumption, at global level, is about 15 TW, and it will be 50 Tw for 2050, which

represents 0.3 % of the daily sunlight received by the earth surface. Simple calculations,

considering an energy requirement of 12 kW per person and a global population of 8.3

billion people indicate that the energy requirements can be satisfied using only 2 % of land

surface with 10 % of efficiency of sunlight harvesting. This suggests that using roofs of

buildings, parking lots, highways and railways for solar radiation capture; agriculture

wastes, and offshore sites for wind turbine, the hydraulic, geothermal and oceanic sources,

all the required energy can be harvested, without using fossil fuels.

The renewable energy sources, in particular those of solar origin, are characterized by

fluctuating character in time, either by sequence of days and nights, dependence of the

annual seasons, as well as of the weather conditions. Hence, the need to "harvest" energy

and store it when there is plenty of availability for its use when demand exceeds supply.

Storage is perhaps one of the greatest challenges in the future scenario of increasing share

of renewable sources in the energy matrix of any country and the global. In both, the energy

harvesting and then during its storage the role of materials is relevant.

In this talk, the role of advanced nanomaterials in these areas of renewable energy sources

is discussed, with emphasis on processes for energy conversion and storage. Illustrative

examples on development of materials for new generation of batteries and superconductors

as energy storage support, for fuel production from solar radiation as primary energy

sources and many other areas, now in course at the National Laboratory for Energy

Conversion and Storage will be included.

Keywords: Renewable energy, Solar energy harvesting, Energy conversion and storage



Luminescent characteristic of hybrid luminescent materials for solar energy harvesting

C. Falcony Guajardo

Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, México.

Abstract: A highly luminescent hybrid materials based on europium doped

nanostructures and organometallic complexes obtained with two different organic ligands

succinimide (SI) and 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTA) have been synthetized. The

photoluminescence (PL) emission from these materials corresponds to the characteristic

inter-electronic energy level transitions of the Eu3+ ions. However, the excitation spectrum

is strongly dependent on the presence of TTA, having an optimum response in the 300 to

400 nm range. The quantum yield obtained for these materials could be as high as

72%±1:7% indicating an optimum sensitization by the TTA on the Eu ions. These

phosphors were embedded embedded in polymer films produced by the drop casting

method, obtaining similar PL behavior at different concentrations with a quantum yield as

high as 60:5%±2%. The use of these composite films on photovoltaic response of a Si-

based solar cell will be discussed as well.



Clays and Ceramics in Fluorescent Nanocomposites for Diagnostic Microbiology

Claudio Rodríguez Martínez

Centro Nacional de Biopreparados, Cuba

Abstract: The potential use of clays and ceramics nanoparticles in diagnostic

microbiology is reviewed. Relevant properties such as high ion exchange, hydration and

swelling capacities, as well as their crystalline structure allow the conformation of

nanocomposites for microbial detection and identification. In the National Center of

Biological Products of Cuba was developed a flexible technological platform for the

detection, identification, differentiation or count of different general, species and strains of

bacteria and fungi based on the combination of clays and ceramic nanoparticles with

fluorogenic and chromogenic enzyme substrates, natural and chemically defined

compounds for the acceleration of the synthesis of microbial enzymes enzyme. As a model

application. It was demonstrated the possibility to detect E. coli directly in urine samples

in few minutes with high accuracy.


October 28 –31, 2018, Mexico City, MEXICO Proceedings - Oral Session - 8

ORAL SESSION



Bacterial Concentration Measurement Based on Photothermal-Fluidics

Y. Yamamoto1,2,3, S. Tokonami2,3, and T. Iida1,3*

1Department of Physical Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8570, Japan

2Department of Applied Chemistry, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8570, Japan

3Research Institute for Light-induced Acceleration System, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka,

599-8531, Japan *Phone: +81 72-2548132, ext: 3564, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Laser heating at the solid-liquid interface can generate a bubble and fluid

flow to rapidly assemble dispersoids such as nano-, micro-particles, bacteria and molecules

(Photothermal-Fluidics), which enables us to colloidal lithography, concentration

measurement of small objects and chemical reaction in the local region and so on [1-3]. In

this method, it is required to assemble various dispersoids, which have different constituent

materials, size, etc., at an arbitrary place with high efficiency and good reproducibility.

However, there is little knowledge on physicochemical mechanism for the highly efficient

assembly and the control of assembly dynamics. Here, focusing on the surface modulation

of the bubble with a amphiphilic agent, we have clarified that this process greatly affects

assembly dynamics of polystyrene microparticles (PS) and improves assembly efficiency

(= the number of assembled PS / total number of PS in the suspension) 10-20 times in

comparison with the case of no amphiphilic agent [4]. This result can extend the limit of

measurable concentration by one order. Furthermore, we revealed the influence of

concentration and constituent material of dispersoids (PS and bacteria) on assembly

efficiency and led to improvement of measurement precision. These results are crucial for

Photothermal-Fluidics leading to rapid concentration measurement of dispersoids available

for the hygiene inspection, nano-, micro-fabrication, and so on.

Keywords: Photothermal; Fluidics; Assembly; Bubble; Bacteria; Gold-film; Microparticle

Acknowledgment

The authors would like to thank Dr. Y. Nishimura and E. Shimizu for their advice on the sample

preparation. Also, we thank Dr. M. Tamura for his advice and support from theoretical viewpoint. A

major part of this work was supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) (No. 17H00856),

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) (No. 15H03010, No. 18H03522), Grant-in-Aid for JSPS

Fellows (No. 18J13307), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (No. 16H06507)

from JSPS, The Canon Foundation, and by the Key Project Grant Program of Osaka Prefecture

University.

References 1. L. Lin, Y. Zheng, et al., Nano Lett. 16, 701 (2016). 2. Y. Yamamoto, T. Iida, S. Tokonami, et al., Opt. Mater. Exp. 6, 1280 (2016).

3. Y. Yamamoto, S. Tokonami, H. Yorimitsu, T. Iida, et al., Sci. Rep. 8, 11108 (2018).

4. Y. Yamamoto, S. Tokonami, T. Iida, submitted (2018).




Confocal-Multiphoton Microscopy: principles and applications

M.J. Perea-Flores1*, A. Peña-Barrientos1, and R. Lopez-Santiago2

1Centro de Nanociencias y Micro y Nanotecnologías, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad

Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Av. Luis enrique erro s/n, Zacatenco. GAM, 07738, Ciudad de

México. 2Departmento de Inmunología. Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad Profesional

Lázaro Cárdenas, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomás, Miguel Hidalgo,

11340, Ciudad de México. *Phone: +52 1-5557296000, ext: 57504, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Nowadays, the Confocal-multiphoton microscopy is a tool to the

observation, characterization and analysis very important in the medical, biotechnological,

environmental, chemical, food, and the materials science. This advance in fluorescence

microscopy, which mainly uses optical components that generate high resolution images, a

pinhole that delimits the focal plane, as well as a laser beam that light source. The technique

allows observing the microstructure of materials that fluoresce or that, where appropriate,

are marked with specific substances called fluorophores; to increase the specificity,

antibodies bound to fluorescent substances can be used. It allows obtaining images in two

dimensions (x, y), three dimensions (obtaining subsequent images in z) and implement

experiments in real time; as well as the use of the spectral channel mode. The advantages of

this technique are: higher resolution, internal information of cell, photobleaching reduce,

distribution of components in specific structures. The aim of this work is show the

importance of confocal- multiphoton microscopy in the microstructure study of several

materials. This technique contributes to the knowledge of diverse mechanisms, phenomena,

reactions and interactions in the medico-biological area and the materials science.

Keywords: Confocal microscopy; multiphoton; microstructure; science.

Acknowledgment Projected SIP (Instituto Politecnico Nacional): 20170518 and 20180021. References 1. M.B. Dürrenberger, S. Handschin, B. Conde-Petit, F.Escher. LWT. 31,1 (2001). 2. S.W. Paddock. BioTech. 27, 992-1004 (1999).




Adverse reactions to anti-tuberculosis drugs (RAFAS) and its Effect on adherence and / or abandonment of

treatment in the city of Cartagena, Colombia

Lilian M. Barandica-Cañón1, Boris Vladimir Cabrera Nanclares1, Rafael Guillermo Betancurt Mendoza1,

Francisco García Franco 2, Blanca Estela Chavez-Sandoval 3

1. Faculty of Medicine. Universidad de Cartagena, Colombia

2. Department of Scientific Research, Tominaga Nakamoto University, México

3. Department of Applied Mathematics and Systems, UAM-C, México

[email protected]

Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a public health problem in the world,

with a heavy burden of morbidity and mortality concentrated in developing countries

(1). The WHO / PAHO Multisectoral Strategic Plan - tuberculosis high 2010-2015, the

fundamental objective was to align the countries' efforts to make effective the achievement

of the Millennium Development Goals, seeking in 2015 reduce to 50% the prevalence and

mortality due to tuberculosis, in comparison with 1990 levels. However, 70% of cases

detected and 85% of cases cured (4), Colombia still maintains a medium-high incidence rate

of tuberculosis and one of the main causes contributing to the permanence of the disease is

the lack of adherence and later abandonment of treatment.

Adverse reactions considered the most important are those of a hepatotoxic that they share

the three main medicines used as first line (rifampin, pyrazinamide and isoniazid). When

administered in together, these medications can facilitate hepatotoxic development, so that

it is recommended to control the liver function of the patient at the beginning of the

treatment and monitor it through it, especially in alcoholics or people with a history of liver

damage. The total sample was represented in 35 patients, diagnosed with TB in the

course of time from the first from January to the first of September this year. The gender

that predominated in the population it was the male with an average age of 35.8 years.

By associating drug therapy with the side effects observed in the studied population it was

recorded that the sign most manifested by the patients was the color change of the urine

with 82.8% of the total of the patients, followed by signs such as nausea, vomiting and

visual disturbances with 51.4% and 42.8% respectively. Other relevant signs manifested by

the interviewees were headache with 37.1% and lethargy in 27.1%. The signs related to

intestinal habits and liver metabolism were the least described by the patients evidencing

that only 8.5% of patients developed constipation and only 2 patients have developed

jaundice equivalent to 5.1% of the sample.

Keywords: Treatment TB, Adverse reactions, antituberculosis drugs.

References

1. Shepherd JG, Chapman ALN (2016) Assessment and management of active and latent TB.

Practitioner;260(1798):21-4. 2. García JF. Manejo de los efectos adversos del tratamiento antituberculoso. Galicia Clin

2008; 69 (1): 21-28.




Automatic nanomechanical analysis on cell populations by Atomic Force Microscopy

S. Proa-Coronado1, C. Séverac2, E. Dague3*, A. Martinez-Rivas4*

(1) ENCB- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CDMX, Mexico

(2) ITAV-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France (3) LAAS-CNRS, Université de

Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France (4) CIC-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CDMX, Mexico

*Phone: +52 1-57-29-60-00 ext: 56606, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: In recent years, the study of mechanical properties of cells is strongly

associated with their function and can be used to detect cancer(1), diabetes mellitus(2), or

to analyze the effects of antimicrobial molecules on bacteria and yeast cell membranes(3).

In this context, different tools can be used to obtain mechanical properties of cells, such as

optical tweezers, micropipette aspiration, and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)(4). The

most commonly used tool to obtain mechanical properties of biomaterials is the AFM, but

it has limitations. In particular, it has been built as a research instrument requiring too many

human interventions to be employed as a fast and efficient diagnostic tool.

In this work, a fully automated process conducted in an AFM is presented, which allow

nanoindenations and statistical mechanical analysis on a cell population. The solution

proposed here considers the automation of an AFM measurement procedure by implementing

some algorithms and a methodology to fix cells into polymeric based microwells and then

instead of acquiring thousands of force curves per cell on only a few cells, the system is set

to perform up to 64 nanoindentations on a single cell while addressing several hundred

cells. This approach ensures a more realistic statistical representation of the mechanical

properties of a cell population. The automated system is capable of delivering 28,224 force

curves in two hours and has been applied to characterize a cell population (100 Candida

albicans cells). This system is the first step towards a novel medical diagnostic tool (5).

Keywords: Atomic Force Microscope (AFM); mechanical properties; cell population,

microfabricated arrays.

References 1. Plodinec M, Loparic M, Monnier CA, Obermann EC, Zanetti-Dallenbach R, Oertle P, et al. Nature Nanotechnology. 2012 Nov;7(11)

2. Lekka M, Fornal M, Pyka-Fościak G, Lebed K, Wizner B, Grodzicki T, et al. Biorheology.

2005 Jan 1;42(4)

3. Lachaize V, Formosa-Dague C, Smolyakov G, Guilbeau-Frugier C, Galés C, DAGUE E.

Letters in Applied NanoBioScience. 2015;4(4)

4. Wang Z, Liu L, Wang Y, Xi N, Dong Z, Li M, et al. J Lab Autom. 2012 Dec 1;17(6)

5. Patent registration No. MX/A/2017/015624.




Standardized surface micromachining platform at IPN: A First Approach

Luis Barranco-Juárez and Héctor Báez-Medina

Centro de Investigación en Computación del Instituto Politécnico Nacional

Abstract: The main objective of this proposal is to establish a MEMS

microfabrication process at IPN, including a design platform, which consolidates the

existing infrastructure at the institute pertinent to the high tech manufacturing field. To

achieve this, it is necessary to complete the MEMS developing cycle, which consists in the

design, fabrication and testing of prototypes, by applying a technique set derived from IC

fabrication, to shape an own MEMS technology.

Keywords: MEMS; Surface micromachining; Standardized process



Study of nanostructured materials for the CO2 molecule sequestration

M. Trejo Valdez1*, E. Lorenzo Cristobal1, A. Pérez de Olarte1, J. E. Morales Muñoz1, and A. P.

Navarrete López1 1Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional,

Edificio 8 Piso 1. Av. Luis Enrique Erro S/N, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Zacatenco,

Delegación Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07738, Ciudad de México, *Phone: +52 1-5557296000, ext: 54224,

e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Environmental problems such as the “greenhouse effect” is caused by the

continuous use of fossil fuels which increase the global CO2 atmospheric concentration.

However, carbon dioxide is a small molecule that can be also used as reagent for the

production and /or energy storage in alternatives resources [1]. The research of CO2

fixation techniques is now a strategic area of fundamental research oriented to give

solutions to problems related to global environment. For instance, sequestration and

processing of CO2 by using photoconductor nanomaterials is an interesting approach that

partially emulates the photosynthesis process of plants. However, an artificial

photosynthetic method that works at large scale has not yet been developed. A one

constrain for the use of some semiconductor materials, such as titanium dioxide, is its broad

band gap energy (3.2 eV) that relegate it for applications at the UV electromagnetic region

of light spectrum. To overcome the band gap energy limitation and extend the light

adsorption of semiconductor to visible region, a chemical alternative is the doping of

titanium dioxide with other transitions metals [2]. In this work, we present and discus

results of CO2 capture by using Titanium dioxide doped with tungsten. Also, we present

our recent experiments from the study of carbon dioxide electro-reduction by using Metal

Organic Frameworks (MOFs).

Keywords: CO2 capture; TiO2 semiconductors; MOFs.

Acknowledgment The authors kindly acknowledge the financial support from Instituto Politécnico Nacional through

grants SIP 20180916. The authors are also thankful to the Central Microscopy facilities of the

Centro de Nanociencias y Micro y Nanotecnologías of IPN.

References

1. Costamagna, J. A.; Aguirre, M. J.; Isaacs, M.; Ramírez, G.; Azocar, I., In N4-Macrocyclic Metal

Complexes ; Zagal, J., Bedioui, F., Dodelet, J. P., Eds.; Springer: New York, 2006.

2. M. Trejo-Valdez S.R. Hernández Guzmán, M. E. Manriquez-Ramírez, H.Sobral, H.Martínez-

Gutiérrez, C. Torres-Torres, Journal of Hazardous Materials, In Press.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.05.008.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.05.008



Micro and Nano tendencies in sensor development

J. D. Hernández-Varela1*, J. J. Chanona-Pérez1

1Laboratorio de Micro y Nano-Biotecnología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto

Politécnico Nacional, CP. 00770, Mexico *Phone: +52 1-5557296000, ext: 57865, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Micro and nano devices are revolutionizing all aspects in

multidisciplinary science. The use of nanomaterials from diverse sources that could be

implement in multi- way performance are a main space of study in the development of

sensors. This talk shown the preview progress in the development of a one-in-all device

for the determination of analytes in food science. It’s possible to use post-harvest residues

to obtain nanomaterials that could be implement inside of the sensor. Garlic and Agave

residues are used to extract nanocrystals cellulose (CNC) using bleached techniques and

acid hydrolysis. These nanoparticles could be used as carriers of another chemical

functional substances, due his own nanomechanical and functionalization properties. As

well, carbon nanotubes (CNT) might be used as electrical support in non-conductive

materials like paper fibers and polyester metalized layers, thanks to his electrical potential

as conductors in intern connections of the sensor. The main idea is testing a sensor

developed in microscale that possess functional nano characteristics when cellulose

nanocrystals and carbon nanotubes are implement. Also, it’s possible to include a

supramolecular recognition to assessment a specificity in the sensor and could be use

fluorescence as visual detection in the device. Sensor development with more ecofriendly

character and a device that works without external contacts, antennas or cables is the main

objective of this investigation. Further work pretends to implement the sensor in food

processing as part of the production using biodegradable materials like comestible

coatings.

Keywords: CNC, CNT, devices, sensor, one-in-all.

Acknowledgment The authors want to thank Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT)–México and

IPN for the financial support provided. This research was financed through individual projects

20180455 and the multidisciplinary project (SIP) 1662 of the Instituto Politécnico Nacional,

Mexico and by project 239899 and 268660 from CONACyT.




Mechanical behavior study on ZnO Nanopillars to assess its use as a mechanical energy storage material

O.G. Súchil1*, S.Cápula1 and M. Ramírez Salinas1

1Centro de Investigación en Computación del Instituto Politécnico Nacional

Department de Microtecnología y Sistemas Embebidos, Av. Juan de Dios Bátiz Esq. Miguel Othón

de Mendizábal S/N, Nueva Industrial Vallejo, 07738 Gustavo A. Madero, CDMX *Phone: +52 1- 57296000, ext: 56629, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Arrays of ZnO NanoPillars (ZnOnPs) grown vertically on silicon

substrates by the hydrothermal method have been morphologically and mechanically

characterized. The main purpose of use and model this Nanomaterial is to analyze their

performance as the key component of a mechanical energy storage device. The storage

principle is based on the uni-axial compression of the nanopillars within the linear elastic

region of the material. With the aim to avoid the permanent deformation on the

nanostructures, and increase the operating life of the mechanical energy storage device. The

geometry and morphology analysis were studied statistically. The mechanical performance

of each individual nanopillar is based in the Euler’s linear buckling theory, studying as

columns the nanopillars and calculate the force at which the structure of the nanopillar fails

through the buckling effect. The estimation of the mechanical energy stored has been made,

considering an ideal scenario for the storage, without considering energy loses, like thermal

effects.

Keywords: ZnO; nanopillars; mechanical; energy; buckling; storage.

References

1 F.A Hill, T.F. Havel, A.J. Hart, C. Livermore, J. Micromechanics Microengineering, 19(9) 94015 (2009 ). 2. C. Tang, Q. Zhang, M.Q. Zhao, G.L. Tian, F. Wei, Nano Energy, 7, 161-169 (2014).

3. L.E. Greene, M. Law, D.H. Tan, M. Montano, J. Goldberger, G. Somorjai, P. Yang, Nano Lett., 5(7), 1231–

1236 (2005).

4. M. Riaz, A. Fulati, Q.X. Zhao, O. Nur, M. Willander, P. Klason, Nanotechnology, 19(41), 415708 (2008).




Nanotechnology applications in food, energy and environmental technology

J. J. Chanona-Pérez1 1Laboratorio de Micro y Nano-Biotecnología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto

Politécnico Nacional, CP. 00770, Mexico

*Phone: +52 1-5557296000, ext: 57815, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Nanotechnology as innovation technique, its revolutionizing all aspects in

multidisciplinary science. The use of nanotechnology for obtain diverse materials from

unknow sources that could be implement in a wide range of applications is the main space

of study in the development nanoscience. This talk shown the preview progress in the

discovery of new materials and new nanotechnological applications in real life. Cellulosic

material as reinforcement material is the main part of this talk. Also, obtention of

nanoparticles from biological material from agroindustry residues is the main goal of our

researcher group. For instance, all the advantages of this new nanomaterials are pretend to

be implemented in sensor development with more ecofriendly character and the creation of

devices that works without external contacts, antennas or cables is the main objective of

this investigation. Further work pretends to implement the sensor in food processing as part

of the production using biodegradable materials like comestible coatings.

Keywords: Nanocellulose, devices, sensor, residues.



Biosensor for the detection of breast cancer

Ramos-Díaz A.R.1, Gómez-Aguilar R.2, Martínez-Gutiérrez H. 3, Ortega-Cervantez G.4 1Instituto Politécnico Nacional, ESIQIE, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional s/n, 07738 Ciudad de

México. 2Instituto Politécnico Nacional, UPIITA, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 07340 Ciudad de México.

3Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CNMN, Av. Luis Enrique Erro s/n, 07738 Ciudad de México. 4Instituto Politécnico Nacional, ESFM, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 07738 Ciudad de México.

*Phone: +52 1-5532839814, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Using poly [2-methoxy-5- (2-ethylhexyloxy) 1,4-phenylevinylene]

(MEH-PPV) and functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), we built a

biosensor based on a bi-field effect transistor -capable MEH-PPV / MWCNT (OFET). The

devices can detect the presence of the carbohydrate antigen (CA 15-3), used as a tumor

marker in the diagnosis and control of breast cancer. MWCNTs are functionalized with a

specific monoclonal antibody to detect CA 15-3 specifically. The electrical characterization

shows a decrease in the density of free charge carriers when the concentration of CA 15-3

increases, which results in a decrease in the saturation current signal OFET. The good

resolution at low concentrations of CA 15-3 and the speed of measurement make these

devices a possible alternative for the detection and diagnosis of breast cancer, as well as to

control the evolution of the disease in its different stages.

Keywords: Organic field-effect transistor; BIOSENSOR; CA 15-3 detection; MEH- PPV;

MWCNT; Medical diagnosis.

Acknowledgment This research was funded by Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Secretaría de Investigación y

Posgrado (SIP). RDAR is grateful to Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) for

its financial support throughout my Doctorate of science program. GAR, MGH, OCG and OLJ

are grateful to COFAA-IPN and EDI- IPN for support through academic fellowships.

References [1] Hannah, S., Davidson, A., Glesk, I., Uttamchandani, D., Dahiya, R., & Gleskova, H. (2018).

Multifunctional sensor based on organic field-effect transistor and ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride

trifluoroethylene). Organic Electronics, 56, 170-177. doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2018.01.041.

[2] Kwak, Y. H., Choi, D. S., Kim, Y. N., Kim, H., Yoon, D. H., Ahn, S. Seo, S. (2012). Flexible

glucose sensor using CVD-grown graphene-based field effect transistor. Biosensors and Bioelectronics,

37(1), 82-87. doi:10.1016/j.bios.2012.04.042. [3] Ahmad, R., Tripathy, N., Jung, D., & Hahn, Y. (2014). Highly sensitive hydrazine chemical sensor based on ZnO nanorods field-effect transistor. Chemical Communications, 50(15), 1890. doi:10.1039/c3cc48197b. [4] Knopfmacher, O., Hammock, M. L., Appleton, A. L., Schwartz, G., Mei, J., Lei, T. Bao, Z. (2014). Highly stable organic polymer field-effect transistor sensor for selective detection in the marine environment. Nature Communications, 5. doi:10.1038/ncomms3954.




Incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles in tomato root during its first stages of growth

D. E. Nicolás-Álvarez1, J.A. Andraca-Adame*2, J. J. Chanona-Pérez1, J.V. Méndez-Méndez, R. Borja-

Urby, N. Cayetano-Castro, Primavera López-Salazar4

1Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico

Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu Esq. Cda. Miguel Stampa s/n, C.P.07738, Gustavo A. Madero, México. 2 Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingeniería Campus Hidalgo, Instituto Politécnico Nacional,

Carretera "Pachuca-Actopan" Kilómetro 1 + 500, Municipio San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Hidalgo, Ciudad del

Conocimiento y la Cultura. Hidalgo, Edo. México. 3 Centro de Nanociencias, Micro y Nanotecnologías, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Wilfrido Massieu s/n.

UPALM, Gustavo A. Madero, 07738 México, CDMX. 4 Centro de Investigación en Dispositivos Semiconductores, BUAP, C.U., 14 Sur y Av. San

Claudio, Puebla. Pue. 72570, México. *Phone: +52 1-5557296000, ext: 56358, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2 NP’s) are being made in enormous quantities

for used in many everyday products and few studies has been describe their effects on environmental exposure or living organisms, such as terrestrial plants. The aim in this

study is contribute at the knowledge about the rate of nanoparticles incorporation and the

mechanical changes present in the tomato root system. The incorporation of nanoparticles into root was determined by x-ray fluorescence and mechanical changes were measure using

Young’s modulus (E) and roughness (Ra) although nanoindentation technique in atomic force microscope. The incorporation of nanoparticles of TiO2 was made in media growth

culture MS at 0, 10 and 20 mg/L of TiO2 nanoparticles were tested. X-ray fluoresces

shows TiO2 NP’s incorporation in 0, 0.15 and 0.36 % in tomato root respectively. The

Young’s modulus shows that meanwhile concentration of TiO2 NP’s increase, tomato

root is softer than control root. The Ra in epidermis and vascular bundles tissues is

decrease while TiO2 NP’s concentration increases. The TiO2 NP’s are incorporate in MS

media and tomato root uptake and induces mechanical changes in their structure.

Keywords: Young’s modulus; X-ray fluorescence; mechanical properties; atomic force

microspe, nanoindentation technique Acknowledgment The authors would like to thank Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) Mexico

and Beca de Estimulo Institucional de Formación de Investigadores (BEIFI) Instituto Politécnico

Nacional (IPN) (A150402)-Mexico for the scholarships provided. This research was financed

through the projects 2018347, 20180455, 20170232, 20164790, and 20150397 at the Instituto

Politécnico Nacional, and by the projects 239899, INFR201601-268660, and INFR-2018-01-

295359 from CONACyT-Mexico and Secretaria de Investigación y Posgrado (SIP).




NiO Thin Films by Sputtering deposition for Ozonization of Naproxen in Aqueous Medium

Andraca Adame José Alberto 1, Herrera Colin Lizbeth1, Francisco Javier Hernández Cuevas2, Julia

Liliana Rodríguez Santillán3, Karen Ailed Neri Espinoza4.

1UPIIH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Hidalgo, México. 2CNMN, Instituto Politécnico Nacional,

UPALM, México. 3ESIQIE, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, UPALM, México. 4ENCB, Instituto

Politécnico Nacional, UPALM, México *Phone: +52 1-5557296000, ext: 57512, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: NiO thin films were obtained by Sputtering with Ni target from Lesker.

During sputtering deposition were controlled the power (100 W), the distance to target (11

cm) and pressure (5 mtorr) inside the chamber and It was varied the time in 6, 12, 16, 24

and 48 minutes. The films were characterized by X ray diffraction to evaluate the

crysta l structure, NiO formation was identified with texture in 111 direction. The

thicknesses NiO films and optical properties were determined by ellipsometry and varied

from 78 to 550 nm for 6 to 48 minutes respectively.

The catalytic activity of NiO films in the decomposition Naproxen compounds was determined with the ozonation method. The ozonation was carried out with 100 mL of

naproxen solution (20 ppm) dissolved in water. For each treatment, one film was used. The

concentration of O3 was 5.5 mg / L with a flow of 0.5 L / min. The treatment was performed

for 2h.The ozonation process was carried out at room temperature in a glass reactor with a

capacity of 500 mL showed the elimination of naproxen in short treatment times. The removal percentage of total organic carbon (TOC) increase 28 to 35 % when time is greater

than 24 minutes during sputtering deposition from NiO fimls.

With the results obtained, the nanostructured NiO films deposit conditions will be

optimized in order to improve their catalytic properties.

Keywords: NiO films, sputtering, ozonation, naproxen.

Acknowledgment The autors acknowledgment for the suport to SIP 1857 transdiciplinary proyect, and Dr. Juan Vicente Mendez Mendez to technical suport

References 1. Ghauch A, Muthanna T., Kibbi N., (2015). Naproxen abatement by thermally activated

persulfate in aqueous systems. Chemical Engineering Journal, 279: 861-873.

2. Muslim, N., Soona, Y. W., Lim, C. M., & Voo, N. Y. (2016). Properties of nickel films

growth by radio frequency magnetron sputtering at elevated substrate temperatures. Thin Solid

Films, 82-86.




Green Materials: Grain-Oriented Iron Foil as Thin-Film for their Possible Engineering Application

K. A. Neri1*, R. Baca2, J. A. Andraca3

1Doctorate in Nanoscience and Micro-Nanotecnology, ENCB, IPN, Mexico City, Mexico.

2Department of Electronics, ESIME, IPN, Mexico City, Mexico. 3UPIIH, IPN, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico.

*e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: In this work, iron oxides thin-films from recovered grain-oriented iron

foils were synthesized by Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) and thermal oxidation. These

foil types as precursors are used in electrical transformers due to their soft magnetic

behavior [1]. The films were characterized by XRD where the different iron oxides are

evaluated, and the Raman spectroscopy demonstrates the correlation of the thin-films with

magnetic properties, which will be of great interest in the development of adaptive oxide

devices [2].

Keywords: Green Materials, Iron Oxide, Adaptive Oxide Devices. Acknowledgment The authors acknowledge financial support from CONACyT. The process in this work has been

possible thanks to the technical support of the M.C. Miguel Galván Arellano and professional

Norma Iris González García. References [1] R. Baca and K. Yew Cheong, “Green synthesis of iron oxide thin-films grown from

recycled iron foils,” Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process., vol. 29, no. January, pp. 294–299, 2015.

[2] S. D. Ha and S. Ramanathan, “Adaptive oxide electronics: A review,” J. Appl. Phys.,

vol. 110, no. 7, 2011.




Nanomedicine against cancer, broadening the horizons of basic science to the industry in Mexico

R.G. Casañas-Pimentel1*

1CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Unidad Legaria, del

Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Legaria 694, Col. Irrigación, CDMX, C.P. 11500, México *Phone: +52 1-5557296000, ext: 67749, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: This talk will discuss the state of nanomedicine against cancer in Mexico

and the urgent need to bring basic laboratory research to technological developments with

industrial impact. It will discuss the recent paradigm changes in the development of drug

delivery systems for anti-cancer treatment, the factors to consider for their clinical success

and the possible paths that could lead to the national developments of nanomedicine against

cancer to the industry.

Keywords: Nanomedicine, cancer, industry Acknowledgment

This work is supported by National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT)

through the “Cátedras CONACYT” program, grant number 1728.




Mobile Electroencephalograph and its Applications

B. Tovar-Corona*1, L.I. Garay-Jiménez1

1

IPN, UPIITA, Mexico City, Mexico *Phone: +52 1-5557296000, ext: 56862, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: The recording of electrical activity on the scalp using non-invasive

electrodes, called electroencephalography, has been widely used in clinic to assess

diagnosis of the central nervous system. However it can also be useful for various other

applications such as continuous monitoring in case of epilepsy, brain computer interfaces

and to assess the learning process by measuring attention and concentration or even

emotions. It is in these applications where portable equipment is necessary. Depending on

the application, the equipment characteristics could be different but they have in common

premises such as a small size, light weight, fed with batteries, biosecurity conditions and

because the portable requirement they must include wireless communication to other

devices to permit displaying the information, further processing or storage [1]. But

these new required facilities imply new challenges, degradation in the skin-electrode

interface, optimization energy consumption, noise management because the movement and

environmental conditions, and also smart selection of the wireless connection options

according to the place where the recording is performed. One of the main problems is the

electrodes performance. It is required to guarantee a good quality of the signal for long

periods of time. This is not possible with the electrodes used in clinic since they depend on

a conductive paste to generate a conductive interface between the electrode and the

skin. This work proposes the use of dry electrodes. These were designed and printed using

a polymer with graphene, due to its conductive characteristics [2]. Tests have been

carried out showing that the signal recorded has the characteristics needed in the

applications mentioned above but the quality is conditioned to a good physical coupling

which could be improved by a better design and generation of them.

|

Keywords: polymer-graphene electrodes; portable EEG

Acknowledgment

Authors express their gratitude to Sandra Lorena Roldan López, Carmen Elisa Orozco Mora and Martin Daniel Trejo Valdez for their help in the characterization of the preliminar results. References

1. Menshawy, M. E., Benharref, A., & Serhani, M. (2015). An automatic mobile-health based approach for EEG epileptic seizures detection. Expert Systems with Applications, 42(20), 7157-7174.

2. Kuilla, T., Bhadra, S., Yao, D., Kim, N. H., Bose, S., & Lee, J. H. (2010). Recent advances in graphene based polymer composites. Progress in polymer science, 35(11), 1350-1375.




Nanoscience: new science or new name? Experience in Biology (FESI-UNAM)

M.G. Molina González1*y M.D. Muñoz García2

1Laboratory of bacterial cultures collection

2 Historical development of biology, Biología, Facultad

de Estudios Superiores Iztacala UNAM, México

*[email protected]

Abstract: Nanoscience is the study of structures and materials in the nanometer

scale. Like any manifestation of the universe, nanoscale structures have existed in nature

long before scientists studied them in laboratories, for example a single strand of DNA, is 3

nm wide. But how is this characteristic known? the answer would be answered with another

question: will it be that scientists in 1962 deciphered the chemical and physical

characteristics ?, one could say that they worked on a nano scale, without coining the prefix

"nano". Under this conception, the students of the Biology degree at the School of Higher

Studies Iztacala, UNAM (FESI-UNAM) studied biomolecules in the laboratory, so the

question of this work was ¿the Biology degree that was taught at FESI -UNAM, under a

modular plan, nanoeducation was present? The modular curriculum, the objectives and

didactics, as well as the students' learning activities were analyzed. The key concepts to

consider the establishment of a science were reviewed. In 1980 the Biology career began

with a curriculum known as modular, which became widespread in 1991. The purpose of

this plan was for students to learn the contents of the theoretical modules through a

biannual research project. In the particular case of the Scientific Methodology Module II,

projects of an experimental nature were mandatory for the study of biomolecules. The sizes

of the biomolecules range from 0.5 to 30 nm, the aspects studied by the students were the

physical, chemical and biological properties of a particular biomolecule, it can be

concluded that the Iztacala FES was a pioneer in "nano" education. A science has its object

and method of study, the epistemological conception, and the paradigms that govern it.

From this point of view, two questions arise: in the Biology career of FESI, was nano

education implemented? and a more daring one, is nanoscience a science?




What do we know about the nano world?: we can talk about ‘nanopsychology’!

A.L. Banda-Castro1,*, P. Abrica-González2, G.R.Vázquez-Martínez2

1Psychology and Communication Sciences, Sonora University, Rosales s/n Col. Centro, Hermosillo,

Sonora México C.P. 83000 2Basic Science Department, Instituto Politécnico Nacional-UPIBI, Av. Acueducto S/N, Col. Barrio

La Laguna, 07340, Mexico City, Mexico. *Phone: 526621579340 [email protected]

Abstract: In addition to any scientific or technological progress, the human being

has had to face the cost that this represents, many times the consequences of these have

contributed to improve health and quality of life, in other cases, the advances in the scientific

knowledge have produced a hecatomb like the one of Hiroshima, the gradual pollution that

has generated the plastic waste in many habitats of the planet, or the emissions generated

by the activities needed to maintain the internet up and running. If we know and analyze

the progress and their consequences, only a few examples help us to be aware of the impact

that the nano world can generate in the daily life and in the human beings’ interaction. In

the beginning it is considered convenient to train individuals in this area of knowledge,

later, to attend to the aspects of legislation, management and care that must be foreseen.

The aim of this study is to identify the long and short term psychological impact that

nanoscience and technology can cause in human beings or in future generations. There will

be a research of the state of the art of what for this work can be called ‘nanopsychology’,

through the lookup of research reports in the main national and international databases.

After analyzing the information, it will be possible to find out the need of using the

exercise of psychology into this area of scientific knowledge, since inevitably every

advance promoted by humankind has individual, collective and generational repercussions.

Keywords: Nanoscience; nanotechnology; nanopsychology; human development

References

1. R. Blonder, S. Sakhnini, Global Pers. Nano. Eng. Educ. (2016). 2. G. Foladori, Sociológica 24, 71 (2009).

3. Fundación Española para la Ciencia y la Tecnología (2006).

4. A. Juanico, C. Camacho, D. Villegas, B. Minutti, G. Morales, E. Gutiérrez, Momento.

(2016).

5. K. J. Schönborn, G. E. Höst y K. L. Palmerius, Chem. Educ. Res. Pract 16, 2 (2015).

6. K. J. Schönborn, G. E. Höst y K. L. Palmerius, Global Pers. Nano. Eng. Educ. (2016).

7. J. D. Tutor-Sanchez, Momento. (2016).




Green synthesis of iron nanoparticles, to optimize the production of lipids in cultures of microorganisms

Blanca Estela Chavez-Sandoval 1, Daniela Cortés Ceja2, Silvia Corona Avendaño2, Hugo J. Ávila

Paredes3, Francisco García Franco4

[email protected]

1. Department of Applied Mathematics and Systems, UAM-C, Mexico City

2. Department of Materials, UAM-Azc, Mexico City

3. Department of Process Engineering and Hydraulics, UAM-I, México City

4. Department of Scientific Research, Tominaga Nakamoto University, México City

Abstract: The green synthesis for obtaining nanoparticles is still in

development. Coconut oil is one of the options for the stabilization and synthesis of NP's,

since thanks to its variety of phenolic acids (antioxidants); helps in the reduction of iron

ions.

On the other hand, developing third-generation biofuels (developed with microorganisms)

on a large scale, from environmentally friendly processes and at low costs, are the elements

to make these biofuels attractive for industrial application. Furthermore, due to the

characteristics of the lipids obtained, they can not only generate biofuels, they can also be

used in the food and medical sector, among others.

In the present work, a green synthesis of ferrous sulfate nanoparticles was carried out, using

antioxidants contained in coconut oil that acted as stabilizing and reducing agents;

subsequently the nanoparticles thus obtained were added to cultures of the microalgae

Scenedesmus sp. and Spirulina sp. to evaluate the production of lipids.

Keywords: Green sinthesys, Iron Nanoaprticles,Coconut oil, Microorganisms References 1. Chávez, B., Ibáñez, M., García, F., Galindo, E., Abrica, P., Martínez, A., Balderas, A. (2016).

Biological synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), using plant extracts.

Journal of Nanomaterials & Molecular Nanotechnology, 5(50), 1-4. García JF. Manejo de los efectos

adversos del tratamiento antituberculoso. Galicia Clin 2008; 69 (1): 21-28.

2. Flores, G., et al (2016). Evaluación del efecto de nanopartículas de MgO sobre botryococcus

braunii y Scenedesmus sp. en la producción de lípidos. Unpublished Instituto Politécnico Nacional,

México




Tailoring the reactivity of acid catalysts by the control of the surface nanostructure

Hernández-Pichardo M. L.

Laboratorio de Nanomateriales Sustentables, ESIQIE, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México City,

07738, México.

* [email protected]

Abstract: Nanotechnology has attracted much attention due to the development of

materials and devices at the nanoscale level with improved properties. In catalysis, the

synthesis of materials at nanometer scale is a routine practice, however there is still much

to be improved in the development to design and control the surface nanostructure of

heterogeneous catalysts. Solid acid catalysts for example, play an important role in several

chemical processes, such as alkanes isomerization, catalytic cracking, esterification and

transesterification reactions. Among these acid systems, tungstated zirconia oxides (WO3-

ZrO2) have received significant attention due to their catalytic properties. It is generally

accepted that the catalytic activity of the WZ catalysts arises from the formation of well-

dispersed WOx-ZrOx clusters. However, it is common that samples with the same domain

sizes and with the presence of well-dispersed WOx-ZrOx clusters present a very different

catalytic activity. Thus, in this work we explain the approach to develop and control the

nanostructure of these acid catalysts in order to improve their catalytic activity.

Keywords: Nanostructure control, Subnanometric Zr-WOx Clusters, Acid catalysts.




The application of microrobots in biotechnological and biomedical disciplines

Jorge Isaac Chairez Oria

Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología del Instituto Politécnico Nacional

Abstract: The aim of this talk is to review the current applications of the

microrobotic devices in diverse disciplines including the biotechnological and biomedical

areas. The review includes the technological advances as well as the current challenges in

designing, intrumenting and controlling microrobotic devices. The talk includes several

examples of microrobots developed at UPIBI, including a manipulator which has the ability

of mobilizing cells, a microrobotic injector for cell culture, etc.

Keywords: Microrobotics; Biotechnological robotics; microsurgery; cell manipulation



Determination at the same time of band offset ratio and the diffusion length in AlGaAs/GaAs quantum wells grown

by molecular beam epitaxy

M. Cervantes-Contreras1* and M. A. Meléndez-Lira2

1Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología -

Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Av. Acueducto s/ n Col. Barrio la Laguna Ticoman, CP 07340

Mexico City, Mexico. 2Department of Physics, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, P.O Box 14-

740, Av. IPN 2508, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico

Abstract: We present in this work a study of different quantum wells (QWs) structures

consisting of GaAs wells with AlGaAs barriers. The QWs structures were prepared by

molecular beam epitaxy system employing (100) oriented GaAs substrates and each

sample consisted of QWs with different nominal well thickness. The samples were studied

by Photorreflectance (300 K) and Photoluminescence (12 K). From Photorreflectance

results, we obtained Al concentration. The Photoluminescence energy shifts of different

well widths were employed to determination at the same time of the band offset ratio and

the diffusion length associated with the Al atoms that diffused into GaAs quantum well.

Then we calculated the energy position expected from the QW emission from a

theoretical model [1,2,3,4].

Keywords: Photorreflectance; Photoluminescence; quantum wells

References () 1. D. E. Aspnes, S. M. Kelso, R. A. Logan and R. Bhat, J. Appl. Phys. 80(3),1532 (1996)

2. Sudhira Panda, B. K. Panda, S. Fung, and C. D. Beling, J. Appl. Phys. 60,764 (1986) 3. M. A. Herman, D. Bimberg, and J. Christen,J. A.ppl. Phys. 70(2), R1 (1991)

4. L. Pavesi and M. Guzzi, J. Appl. Phys. 75, 4779 (1994)


October 28 –31, 2018, Mexico City, MEXICO Proceedings – Poster Session - 30

POSTER SESSION


October 28 –31, 2018, Mexico City, MEXICO Proceedings - 31

Some hints for good AFM imaging of powder samples

R. Domínguez-Flores1, L.N. Palacios-Grijalva2, B.E. Chávez-Sandoval3 and A. Martinez-Jiménez*4

1División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Tlalnepantla, Av. Instituto

Tecnológico s/n, Col. La Comunidad, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Estado de México, C.P. 54070, México. 2Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Instituto Tecnológico de Tlalnepantla, Av. Instituto

Tecnológico s/n, Col. La Comunidad, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Estado de México, C.P. 54070, México 3Departamento de Energía, Área de Análisis de Procesos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana -

Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo No. 180, Azcapotzalco, Ciudad de México. C.P. 02200, México. 4Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Área de Física Atómica Molecular Aplicada, Universidad

Autónoma Metropolitana - Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo No. 180, Azcapotzalco, Ciudad de México.

C.P. 02200, México. *Phone: +52 1-5553189576, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is a high resolution non-destructive

surface characterization technique for generating topographical images of nano-sized

materials such as nanoparticles and living tissues. AFM main feature is the use of a sharp

tip to measure interaction forces between tip (radius < 10 nm) and the sample surface’s

at a very short distance (0.2–10 nm probe-sample separation), in consequence AFM have

the advantage of easily imaging non-conductive samples compared to electronic

microscopy techniques. To perform accurate particle size measurements which are very

important for studying nanoparticle properties, sample preparation is a key factor for

imaging true morphology of the scanning surface. Typical preparation of powder samples

consists in the compactation of the powder over a steel mounting disc by pressing the

sample against the disc. In this work, we discuss the relationship between surface

mechanical integrity of press piston and the force employed for the compactation of the

samples as two major factors influencing the quality of AFM images. Metallography of the

piston was performed to test and improve piston’s surface integrity. A force sensing

resistor controlled with Arduino was attached to the press to sense the force employed

during the preparation of the samples.

Keywords: atomic force microscopy; sample preparation; surface morphology.

Acknowledgment

The authors gratefully acknowledge UAM and specifically Laboratorio de Física Aplicada of Área

de Física Atómica Molecular Aplicada for the support in the realization of this experimental work,

the authors also acknowledge ITTLA for the time granted to carry out research and thus strengthen

collaboration with other institutions.

R. Domínguez-Flores gratefully acknowledge CONACYT for the scholarship No. 622390 granted for the achievement of his master’s degree.

References

1. A.T. Luís, D. Hlúbiková, V. Vaché, P. Choquet et. al. J. Appl. Phycol. 29, 2289 (2017). 2. T.G.F. Souza, V.S.T. Ciminelli, N.D.S. Mohallem. Mater. Charact. 109, 198 (2015).

3. I.D. Calle, M. Menta, F. Séby. Spectrochim. Acta, Part B. 125, 66 (2016)

4. D. Sobola, S. Talu, S. Solaymani, L. Grmela. Micros. Res. Tech. 80, 1328 (2017).




Mono and bimetallic nanoalloys from organometallic precursors with electrochemical activity during urea

oxidation reaction

M.A. Pérez-Sosa1, L.P.A Guerrero-Ortega2, M. Luna-Trujillo2, E. Ramirez-Meneses1*, A. Manzo-

Robledo2, M.A. Hernande-Pérez3, V. Garibay-Febles4

1Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos, Universidad Iberoamericana. Prolongación Paseo de la Reforma 880, Lomas de Santa Fe, C.P 01219, Ciudad de México.

2Laboratorio de Electroquímica y Corrosión, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias

Extractivas-IPN, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Zacatenco, Delegación, Gustavo A.

Madero, C.P 07738, Ciudad de México. 3Departamento de Metalurgia. Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas-IPN, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos,

Zacatenco, Delegación, Gustavo A. Madero, C.P 07738, Ciudad de México. 4Laboratorio de Microscopia Electrónica de Ultra Alta Resolución, Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Eje Lázaro

Cárdenas Norte 152 Colonia San Bartolo Atepehuacan, C.P 07730, Ciudad de México *Phone: +52 55 5950 4000, ext: 4057, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Nanomaterials are undoubtedly the synthetic targets for

nanoscience and engineering technology due to their different applications. In this

work, Ni, Pt and 20%wt.Pt-80%wt.Ni nanoparticles were synthesized from tris

(dibenzylideneacetone) diplatinum, Pt2(dba)3 and bis (1,5-ciclooctadiene) nickel, Ni(cod)2

precursors. All set of catalysts were synthesized in the presence of octylamine (stabilizer)

with a molar ratio 1:1 metal:stabilizer in situ carbon vulcan as support in an organic

medium (THF). The obtained materials were evaluated in the urea oxidation reaction

(UOR, as hydrogen-source for fuel- cells applications) at different concentration of the

supporting electrolyte (1, 3 and 5 M of KOH). The as-synthesized nanomaterials were

characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

The current-versus-potential characteristics obtained by cyclic voltammetry technique

showed that nickel promotes a major urea oxidation and the pH of the electrolyte has an

important effect on the reaction-performance.

Keywords: nanoalloys; organometallic precursors; hydrogen production; urea oxidation

reaction

Acknowledgment CONACyT (Proyecto No. 157613), SNI-CONACyT y Dirección de Investigación-Universidad Iberoamericana (UIA) proyecto F132021

References 1. M.A. Domínguez-Crespo, E. Ramírez-Meneses, A.M. Torres-Huerta, V. Garibay-Febles, K.

Philippot. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2012, 37 (6) 4798-4811.




Synthesis and characterization of palladium-supported nanostructures stabilized with different amines: effect on

the NOx-electroreduction reaction

S. Vázquez-Bautista1, M. Luna-Trujillo1, A. Hernández-Hernández1, L. P.A. Guerrero Ortega1, E.

Ramírez-Meneses2 and A. Manzo-Robledo1*.

1Departamento de Ingeniería Química SEPI, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e

Industrias Extractivas (ESIQIE)-IPN. Ciudad de México, 07738, México 2Departamento de Ingeniería y Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Iberoamericana, Prolongación

Paseo de la Reforma 880, Lomas De Santa Fe, Ciudad de México, 01219, México *Phone: +52 1-5557296000, ext: 54246, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Acid rain is formed when vapor water reacts with nitrogen oxides, sulfur

dioxide and sulfur trioxide. Some investigations have centered in the elimination of this

type of contaminants. In particular the use of electrochemical approaches for the

reduction of NOx is a good alternative. In this work, palladium nanostructured

electro-catalysts stabilized with oleylamine, ethylenediamine, anthranilic acid,

polyvinylpyrrolidone, lignin, octylamine, hexadecylamine and 2-methyl-2-butanol and

supported in-situ on carbon Vulcan, were prepared by reduction and/or displacement of

organometallic precursor ligands [1]. These nanostructured materials were used for the

electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate species. Electrochemical techniques such as cyclic

voltammetry and linear voltammetry at different concentrations of NaNO2 and NaNO3 [2]

at alkaline conditions were employed. The i-E characteristics shown that the catalysts

stabilized with lignin, oleylamine, octylamine and 2-methyl-2-butanol presented

important activity in the reduction of NO2- and NO3

ions, with production of hydrogen at more negative potentials. On the other hand, X-rays

diffraction (XRD) scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques indicate the presence of metallic palladium and other Pd-oxidation-states, well- distributed in the carbon matrix that promotes different activity

during the interfacial-redox process linked with particles size and electronic properties.

Keywords: Nano-particles, redox-process, NOx-reduction, organometallic approach,

control pollution. References 1. A Manzo-Robledo, Natália J.S. Costa, K. Philippot, Liane M. Rossi, E. Ramírez-Meneses, L.P.A. Guerrero-Ortega, S. Ezquerra-Quiroga. J-Nanopart Res 17:474 (2015). 2. H. Erikson, A. Sarapuu, N. Alexeyava, K, Tammeveski, J. Solla-Gullón, J.M. Feli.

Electrochemical Acta 59 329-335 (2012).




Size, Shape and Structural Control of Stabilized Metal Nanocrystals from Organometallic Precursors

E. Ramírez-Meneses1*, M.A. Hernández-Pérez2, L.M. Palacios-Romero1, C. Juárez-Balderas3, V.

Garibay-Febles4, K. Philippot5

1Departamento de Ingeniería y Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Iberoamericana,

Prolongación Paseo de la Reforma 880, Lomas de Santa Fe, 01219, D.F., Ciudad de México. 2Departamento de Ingeniería en Metalurgia y Materiales. ESIQIE, Instituto Politécnico

Nacional, UPALM Zacatenco, 07738, D.F., Ciudad de México. 3Departamento de Estudios en Ingeniería para la Innovación, Universidad Iberoamericana.

Prolongación Paseo de la Reforma 880, Lomas de Santa Fe, C.P. O1219, Ciudad de México. 4Laboratorio de Microscopia de Ultra alta Resolución, Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Eje Central

Lázaro Cárdenas No. 152, C.P. 07730, Ciudad de México. 5Ingénierie des Nanoparticules Métalliques. Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS. 205

Route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France.


Abstract: Metal nanoparticles display a considerable interest as catalysts in

organic and inorganic reactions, as electrocatalysts in fuel cells or materials with novel

electronic, optical and magnetic properties. Consequently, many research works are

dedicated to the development of synthetic methods to control nanoparticle size, shape and

structure. Metallic nanomaterials can be obtained by different methods, either from the top-

down or from the bottom-up techniques. Among, bottom up methods, the organometallic

approach is an interesting alternative to get zero-valent metal atoms able to clustering into

metal nanoparticles. We have therefore considered the decomposition of organometallic

complexes to prepare noble metal nanoparticles. Different parameters are studied as the

metal composition, nature and concentration of the stabilizers to determine their effect

on size, shape and structure (from X-ray diffraction analysis) of the as-synthesized noble

metal nanoparticles for electrocatalysts in fuel cells.

Keywords: metal nanoparticles; organometallic precursors; synthesis; electrocatalysts. Acknowledgment

The authors wish to acknowledge the finantial support provided by CONACyT and Dirección de

Investigación-Universidad Iberoamericana and SNI-CONACyT. The research was conducted in the

framework of the “French-Mexican International Laboratory (LIA) LCMMC”. References 1. E. Ramírez-Meneses, K. Philippot, M.A. Domínguez-Crespo, M. Ibrahim, I. Betancourt, A.M.

Torres-Huerta, A. Ezeta-Mejia. Journal of Materials Science 53 (2018) 8933-8950.




Synthesis of Palladium nanoparticles estabilized with PVP: Electrocatalysts for methanol electro-oxidation

reaction

E.G. Luna Tolentino1, L.P.A. Guerrero-Ortega2, E. Ramírez-Meneses1, A. Manzo-Robledo2, M.A.

Hernández-Pérez3, I. Betancourt4.

1Departamento de Ingeniería y Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Iberoamericana,

Prolongación Paseo de la Reforma 880, Lomas de Santa Fe, 01219, D.F., Ciudad de México. 2 Laboratorio de Electroquímica y Corrosión. Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias

Extractivas-Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Unidad Adolfo López Mateos, Zacatenco, C.P. 07738

Ciudad de México. 3Departamento de Ingeniería en Metalurgia y Materiales. ESIQIE, Instituto Politécnico

Nacional, UPALM Zacatenco, 07738, D.F., Ciudad de México. 4 Departamento de Materiales Metálicos y Cerámicos, Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales,

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México C.P. 04510, México.

Abstract: The direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is an alternative power source for

portable electronic devices, Pd possess similar characteristics to Pt and presents greater tolerance

to CO poisoning for the reaction of electrooxidation of methanol in an alkaline medium.

In this work, PVP stabilized-Pd-based monometallic nanoparticles were synthesized, varying the

stabilizer by the method of reduction and / or displacement of ligands in organometallic

precursors, carried out at room temperature, under 3 bar of H_2 in situ vulcan carbon XC-72R.

The as-obtained catalysts were evaluated in methanol electro-oxidation reaction (MOR) in

alkaline medium. The electrochemical characterization by cyclic voltamperametry (i / mA vs E (V vs SHE) was carried out at different scan rates, methanol concentration and potential windows

profiles, showing that the PVP-stabilized nanoparticles shows higher electrocatalytic activity than

the commercial catalyst (Pd ETEK), generating profiles that show the presence of Pd in the

catalysts, few capacitive processes (resistances) and mass and charge transfer phenomena. The

morphological and structural characterization were carried out by Transmission Electron

Microscopy (MET) and X-ray diffraction. Additionally, EDS analysis by Scanning Electron

Microscopy and Infrared were also carried out.

Keywords: PVP, palladium, nanoparticles, Methanol oxidation reaction.

Acknowledgment

The authors wish to acknowledge the finantial support provided by CONACyT, Dirección de

Investigación-Universidad Iberoamericana and SNI-CONACyT.

References () 1. A. Manzo-Robledo, Natália J.S. Costa, K. Philippot, Liane M. Rossi, E. Ramírez- Meneses,

L.P.A. Guerrero-Ortega, S. Ezquerra-Quiroga. Journal of Nanoparticle Research 17 (2015) 474.



Design and simulation of a capacitive pressure system for measuring ventricular pressure

Natiely Hernández-Sebastián 1, Daniela Díaz-Alonso

2, Francisco Javier Renero-Carrillo

1, and Wilfrido

Calleja-Arriaga 1.

1CD-MEMS INAOE, [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]. Puebla 72840,

México; 2MEMS Department, Center for Engineering and Industrial Development, CIDESI,

[email protected]. Queretaro 76125, Mexico; *Phone: (222) 266 31 00, ext: 6201, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: This paper reports the novel design of a touch mode capacitive pressure

sensor (TMCPS) system with a wireless approach for a full-range continuous monitoring of

ventricular pressure. The system consists of two modules: an implantable set and an

external reading device. The implantable set, restricted to a 2x2 cm2

area, consists of a

TMCPS array connected with a dual-layer coil, for making a reliable resonant circuit for

communication with the external device. The capacitive array is modelled considering the

small deflection regime for achieving a dynamic and full 5–300 mmHg pressure range. In

this design, the two inductive-coupled modules are calculated considering proper

electromagnetic alignment, based on two planar coils and considering the following: 3.56

MHz frequency to avoid tissue damage and three types of biological tissue as core (skin, fat

and muscle). The system was validated with the Comsol Multiphysics and CoventorWare

softwares; showing a 90% power transmission efficiency at a 3.5 cm distance between

coils. The implantable module includes aluminum- and polyimide-based devices, which

allows ergonomic, robust, reproducible, and technologically feasible integrated sensors. In

addition, the module shows a simplified and low cost design approach based on

PolyMEMS INAOE® technology, featured by low-temperature processing.

Keywords: RF MEMS, Pressure sensor, MEMS resonator, Implantable BioMEMS;

Flexible electronics; Touch mode capacitive sensor.

Acknowledgment Natiely Hernandez Sebastián acknowledges Conacyt program scholarship #549792. References 1. Natiely Hernández-Sebastián, Daniela Díaz-Alonso, Francisco Javier Renero-Carrillo, Noé

Villa-Villaseñor and Wilfrido Calleja-Arriaga. Design and Simulation of an Integrated Wireless Capacitive Sensors Array for Measuring Ventricular Pressure. CD-MEMS INAOE, Puebla

72840, Mexico. Sensors 2018, 18(9), 2781; https://doi.org/10.3390/s18092781.







Morphological and genetic characterization of Ascaris lumbricoides of stray dogs and owner dogs

J. I. Gallardo-Díaz*1, F. García-Franco1, M. Garfías-Moreno1, F. Gonzalez-Pérez1, C. Padilla- Mejía1,

G. Maldonado-Morale1, M. P. Pérez-Reyes1, P. Melchor-Macias1. 1Medicina School of Tominga Nakamoto University. Carnicerito 2, 6 Esq, Rtno. 2 Ingenieros

Militares, Lomas de Sotelo, 53390 Naucalpan de Juárez, Méx. *Phone: (01 55) 5359-1254, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: The World Health Organization (WHO) states that more than a third of the

world's population is infected by one or more parasites and that around 155,000 people die

each year due to complications associated with their pathologies, in addition 6% have

parasitosis massive, these conditions are distributed throughout the world (OPS, 2015). One

of the most important parasitosis is Ascariasis, which represents one of the main public

health problems worldwide, since it is among the 10 most frequent intestinal parasitic

infections, despite the wide availability of effective and cheap anthelminthic medicines

(S. Williams-Blangero, 2013). Ascariasis is a geohelminthiasis caused by Ascaris

lumbricoides (intestinal worm) being its normal habitat the human body, by ingesting food

and water contaminated with embryonated eggs; through direct contact of mucous

membranes; or by the penetration of the larvae through the skin. It has been proposed that it

is a monoxeno parasite, which has only one host, man. In some recent studies it is

presumed that Ascaris lumbricoides could also be a parasite of dogs and represent a narrow

bridge of transmission, due to the close relationship between pets and masters (S.K.K. Seah,

1975); (M. Giraldo, 2005) (H. A. Shalaby, 2010); (T. J., 2018). In this work, we propose to

investigate the presence of this parasite in stray dogs and dogs with owners. From the

samples of feces of dogs in the colony Lomas de Sotelo, in the commercial area of the

avenue Military engineers with more than 20 street food stalls there was not a single

sample of dog excrement nor dogs, the same happened in the whereabouts of minibuses

and four-way metro combis with more than 30 street food stalls. While in the housing area,

without shops or food stalls, only houses and buildings of private homes, in three streets of

the same colony we collect 30 samples of fecal stools from the street and in planters, in

addition 30 sample of feces of dogs with owner . For the sampling we used the scheme by

quadrant, and the technique of direct observation and the one of flotation with optical

microscopy to characterize the helminths (S.K.K. Seah, 1975). Up to the time of 15

samples analyzed in each of the two sample groups, we have identified 5 helminth

species in the stray dog samples and none in the owner dogs.

Keywords: Helminths, Ascaris, Ascariasis, feces. References 1. S.K.K. Seah, G. Hucal, R. T. Law. CMA Journal. 112 (1975).

2. M. I. Giraldo, N. L. García, J. C. Castaño. Biomédica. 25 (2005). 3. H. A. Shalaby, S. Abdel-Shafy, A. A. Derbala. Parasitol Res 106 (2010).

4. T. J. Naucke, S. Amelung, S. Lorentz. Naucke et al. Parasites & Vectors 9, 256 (2016).

5. OPS. Organización Panamericana de la Salud. 2015.

6. S. Williams-Blangero, H. M. Fenstad, S. Kumar, J. Blangero. Chapter 12 (2013).




Importance of the karyotype in the diagnosis of chromosomal diseases

S. Ysais-Chong1*, D. A. Montoya Arteaga1, L. L. Morales-Soriano1, S. Santos-Camarillo1, M. Tépox-

Escalona1, J. Arandia Barrios1, P. Melchor-Macías1, F. García-Franco1.

1Medicina School of Tominga Nakamoto University. Carnicerito 2, 6 Esq, Rtno. 2 Ingenieros


Abstract: The karyotype is the ordering of the chromosomes according to their size

and location of the centromere; its importance lies in the fact that it allows examining each

chromosomal pair in search of alterations, either numerical or structural, for the diagnosis

of chromosomal diseases. The clinical diagnosis often can not diagnose with complete

certainty diseases of chromosomal origin, not even with the help of the physical

examination or when having the blood chemistry analysis, resulting in very costly and

complex diagnoses. With karyotype techniques it is possible to observe thick chromosomal

disorders (aneuploidies), on the other hand the karyotype analysis with FISH, with specific

DNA probes marked, can identify the chromosomal situation of the patient and that of

their parents, point out the chromosomal disorders in the affected chromosome, and

providing a clear idea of the suffering of the individual in question. Even in such everyday

cases, such as many cases of infertile people or sex determination, the analysis of

karyotypes has shown that it is not uncommon to find affected chromosomes in these

patients. Here we propose the use of cytogenetic molecular diagnostic protocols with

specific gene probes to identify the biological determination of diseases with chromosomal

origin, including for biological determination of gender in cryptic cases. In this work we

propose the use of these methods to obtain a more economical and simple diagnosis in its

application, allowing to implement and validate a rapid and efficient diagnostic system for

the early detection of the main chromosomal alterations. Two patients diagnosed with

chromosomal diseases, trisomy 18 and mutation in the NEMO gene have been identified,

and now we are performing the karyotypes of both patients, as well as the design and

obtaining of the respective probes to apply the chromosomal mapping by FISHS, as well as

the primers to amplify the NEMO gene.

Keywords: Chromatin, Chromosome, Centromere, Autosomal, Karyotype, Aneuploidy.

1. N. P. Echeverri R., I. Mockus S. Rev.Fac.Med 56, 2. 2008.

2. Gene Cards. Human gene database. Weizman institute of science. (2018).

3. H. Pa-Fan, L. Shuan-Pei, Ch. Shu-Shien, W. Yu-Hung. J. Formos Med. Assoc. 2010.




Detection, diagnosis and treatment of genetic deficiency of NEMO gene in Mexico

C. D. de la Cuesta-Tellez*1, Herrera-Carrillo Armin Jesús, E. J. Zapata-Estrada1, C. N. García-

Hernández1, J. L. Vega-Alonso1, D. E. Benítez-Zequeira1, L. A. Aguilar-Martinez1, F. García- Franco1.

1Medicina School of Tominga Nakamoto University. Carnicerito 2, 6 Esq, Rtno. 2 Ingenieros


Abstract: The essential nuclear factor NF-kB (NEMO) is a dimer consisting of

proteins of the Rel family found in cytoplasm bound to inhibitory proteins (IkB). NEMO

activates the cellular protection response to oxidative stress, genotoxic stress, and

ultraviolet light and in general to DNA damage, stimulated response by interleukin, tumor

necrosis factor and lipopolysaccharides, triggering cell survival processes including

increased transcription of antioxidant enzymes to control the levels of reactive oxygen

species, involved in in response to processes related to inflammation and cancer processes

(H. Pa-Fan, 2010). Currently, a search is under way for drugs that act on NF-kB

signalosome molecules, not only for the management of inflammatory diseases but also for

the use during the treatment of tumors resistant to radio and chemotherapy (N. P.

Echeverri, 2008). A mutation in the NEMO gene is usually lethal in utero for males, shows

a pattern of dominant inheritance linked to the X chromosome, the few cases that live are

associated with Klinefelter syndrome (XXY), with somatic mosaicism or the presence of

alleles hypomorphic 80% of patients with the mutation in the NEMO gene shows a deletion

of exons 4-10 (Gene Cards, 2018). In this project, it is proposed to characterize patients with

diseases caused by mutations in the NEMO gene, to characterize the main mutations in

individuals of the Mexican population. A female patient of 6 months of age was identified

as a first step and chromosome banding with giemsa (karyotype) is being used to identify

the mutation at the karyotype level, as well as the use of labeled probes to characterize the

type of mutation that generates mosaicism. Primers are also available to sequence the

NEMO gene and determine the mutation of this individual.

Keywords: nuclear factor, Rel proteins, NEMO gene, oxidative cell damage, tumor

necrosis factor, signalosome,

1. N. P. Echeverri R., I. Mockus S. Rev.Fac.Med 56, 2. 2008.

2. Gene Cards. Human gene database. Weizman institute of science. (2018). 3. H. Pa-Fan, L. Shuan-Pei, Ch. Shu-Shien, W. Yu-Hung. J. Formos Med. Assoc. 2010.




Identification of Reproductive Isolation genes with BACs from a genomic library of D. buzzatii

Francisco García Franco1, Blanca Estela Chavez-Sandoval 2, Lilian M. Barandica Cañón3, Felix A.

Naranjo Castañeda4, Mario E. López García5, Rubén E. Badillo Rodríguez6, Ezel J. Galindo Pérez6

1. Department of Scientific Research, Tominaga Nakamoto University, México City

2. Department of Applied Mathematics and Systems, UAM-C, Mexico City

3. Faculty of Medicine, University of Cartagena, Colombia

4. Department of Sustainable Engineering, Division of graduate studies, ITTla, Mexico

5. Cuajimalpa Delegation- Natural Resources and Protected Areas, Mexico City

6. Department of man and his environment, UAM-X, Mexico City

[email protected]

Abstract: The final objective of identifying and mapping genes in humans, animals, plants

or any organism, is to determine which are the genetic components that are associated with some

feature of interest, whether morphological or physiological, such as diseases, color, form, function

biochemistry, type of seeds or fruits, resistance to parasites or environmental conditions, among

others.Reproductive sterility represents a physiological characteristic of interest, based on the

impossibility of mating between populations of individuals of the same species, due to multiple causes

of biological, etiological or geographical origin, which leads to the lack of genetic exchange, and if

this it is maintained for long periods of time during many generations, the differentiation of the genes

of each population leads them to develop reproductive incompatibility among the isolated

populations, with the subsequent phenomenon known as reproductive isolation, that is, if for some

reason after a long period of isolation among individuals of a population the interaction is restored,

they will be unable to produce fertile or viable offspring, depending on the level of genetic

differentiation they have reached, the best known example of reproductive isolation by hybrid

incompatibility in synmorphic species (next ) is that of the mule that is sterile, which arises as

offspring of the mating between the donkey and the mare.Here we present 1) a scheme of crosses to

introgress chromosomal segments, between individuals of a pair of synmorphic species of Drosophila

(D. Buzzatii and D. Koepferae); 2) the cytogenetic monitoring of said introgressed segments was

carried out with the molecular markers known as chromosomal asinapsis, by means of the squashing

technique of polythene chromosomes; 3) We evaluate the effect of each introgression to produce

sterility in the carrier males; 4) by means of the in situ hybridization method, molecular mapping of

the smallest introgressed segment was performed, which has the capacity to produce sterility, using

8 genetic probes designed from genetic sequences included in contig 1065 of a genomic library of

BACs of Drosophila buzzatii; 5) Finally, identify the presence of at least 15 genes in this introgressing

segment. Keywords: Reproductive isolation, Drosophila, Chromosomal introgressions

Reference

Laayouni H, García-Franco F, Chávez-Sandoval BE, Trotta V, Beltran S, Corominas M, Santos M(2007). Thermal evolution of gene expression profiles in Drosophila subobscura. BMC Evol

Biol.19;7:42.




Electrochemical studies of phenylalanine as green corrosion inhibitor for stainless steel in chloride solution

J.P. Leon Gonzalez1*, E. Onofre Bustamante1, F.J. Rodriguez Gomez2, G.M. Tavarez Martinez1 and A.

Montiel Garcia1

1

Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CICATA–Unidad Altamira., Km. 14.5 Carretera Tampico-Puerto

Industrial Altamira, 89600, México 2

Departamento de Metalurgia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México., Circuito Universitario

S/N, 04510, México *Phone: +52 1-8332600125, ext: 87517, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Mankind has dealing against corrosion, is such an important topic that

USA invested near 3.4% of its GDP in 2013 in order to counteract this phenomenon. This,

with the actual environmental problematic, have awaken such a great interest for the study

of new organic compounds that can represent an eco-friendly alternative as corrosion

inhibitors. Several investigations have been done with amino acids, and they have been

shown to work as corrosion inhibitors due to the presence of the amino part on the

molecule, due to this, the use of phenylalanine (Phe) is proposed; in addition, it is within

the classification of hydrophobic amino acids. Electrochemical characterizations were

made in continuous immersion measuring at 0, 6, 12 and 24 h using a NaCl 3% wt.

electrolyte and concentrations of 10, 100 and 250 ppm of Phe. The Electrochemical

Impedance Spectroscopy results show an enhance of the charge transfer resistance

(Rtc), associated with the amino acid adsorption, with the increase of the inhibitor

concentration, reaching the highest value with the most concentrated solution, due to the

greater availability of molecules to adsorb and cover greater surface of the substrate. The

polarization curves demonstrate that at a higher concentration, the passivation zone is more

stable since it is not possible to appreciate a pitting damage with 250 ppm, which is

observed with lower concentrations and the absence of phenylalanine. Whence it is

concluded that the inhibitor behavior is directly proportional to its concentration and that

the molecule is an anodic inhibitor due to the modification of the Tafel anodic slope and

the shift of more noble corrosion potential (Ecorr).

Keywords: eco-friendly; amino acids; corrosion inhibitor.

Acknowledgment Instituto Politécnico Nacional-CICATA-Altamira, CONACyT, IPN-BEIFI, SIP project: 2018776 References 1. P. Crevolin, R. Francis, K. Garrity, S. Hall, R. Kinzie, D. Kroon, L. Lee, F. Rampton, D. Riddle, H. Tanabe, D. Webster, NACE Int. Impact, (2016).

2. L. Hamadi, S. Mansouri, K. Oulmi, A. Kareche, Egyp. J. Petrol. (2018).

3. N.O. Eddy, J. Adv. Res. 2, 35 (2011).




Importance of the karyotype in the diagnosis of chromosomal diseases

L. A. Aguilar-Martínez1*, D. F. Ramirez-Melgarejo1, M. G. Magaña-Meza1, E. V. Gómora- Álvarez1, R.

Gonzalez-Salgado1, E. J. Quintana-Gastelum1, A. Cruz Ramírez1, F. García-Franco1. 1Medicina School of Tominga Nakamoto University. Carnicerito 2, 6 Esq, Rtno. 2 Ingenieros


Abstract: The syndrome of trisomy 18 or Edwards syndrome is an autosomal

chromosomal disorder characterized by the presence of a complete extra chromosome 18

(Infogen, 2013). Produced by an error during meiosis when the phenomenon of non-

disjunction of the pair 18 of homologous chromosomes occurred; In addition, cases of

mosaic isochromosomes 18 and partial trisomy have been reported, produced by

chromosomal translocation and deletion (M. P. Muñoz, 2009)(GHR, 2018). In Mexico it

occurs in 1 of every 5500 live births, this prevalence acquires a higher value if we consider

fetal death and voluntary termination of pregnancy after prenatal diagnosis. This

chromosomal anomaly occurs with greater incidence in embryos of pregnant women of

greater age, of 32 years in forward. It is characterized by intrauterine and postnatal growth

retardation, poor muscle mass at birth, microcephaly with dolichocephaly, micrognathia,

ogival palate, keel thorax, small palpebral fissures, ears with low implantation, trisomic

hands, syndactyly, hirsutism on back and front, foot zambo and mental retardation (M.

Bugge, 1998). There is no specific treatment for this syndrome, the high mortality that

causes each case must be assessed in a different way. Newborns (RN) with T18 have a

high mortality, approximately 50% live more than a week and around 5- 10% live beyond

the first year; few cases have been reported to survive after 5 years (M. P. Muñoz, 2009).

Here we aim to characterize individuals with diseases caused by the genetic disorder that

chromosome 18 suffers, counting on a female patient of 8 years of age, and karyotypes are

being performed by baie with giemsa, in addition to designing the probes to locate the

possible translocations or deletions by immunofluorescence (FISH), to characterize the

mutations or genetic aberrations of chromosome 18 of the Mexican population. Keywords:

Chromosome, syndrome, mortality, pregnancy, genotype, gametogenesis, anomaly,

development.

Keywords: Non-disjunction, chromosome 18, Isochromosome, Deletión, Edwards syndrome,

Aneuploidy.

References: 1. M. Bugge, A. Collins, M. B. Petersen, J. Fisher, C. Brandt, J. M. Hertz, L. Tranebjærg, C. de

Lozier-Blanchet, P. Nicolaides, K. Brøndum-Nielsen, N. Morton, M. Mikkelsen1. Human

Molecular Genetics. 7, 4 (1998).

2. Infogen. INFOGEN A. C. (2013).

3. M. P. Muñoz F., I. Avendaño, M. Aracena A, T. X. Guerrero C. Rev Chil Pediatr 80, 2 (2009).

4. GHR. Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications. (2018).




Different routes of infection in Neurocysticercosis

J. Arandia-Barrios1*, M. A. Ramírez-Giles1, D. A. Ávila-de Elias1, S. A. Mercado-Luengas1, G. M.

Rodríguez-Benítez1, A. Cruz-Ramírez1, M. García-Perez1, F. García-Franco1. 1Medicina School of Tominga Nakamoto University. Carnicerito 2, 6 Esq, Rtno. 2 Ingenieros


Abstract: An important parasitosis that has been present in Mexico since 1990 and

that has been a problem is Teniosis/cysticercosis. Teniosis is a parasitosis in the small

intestine caused by the adult form of the genus Taenia: Taenia solium from pigs and

Taenia saginata from cattle, which are acquired by ingesting meat with live, poorly cooked

or raw cysticerci. While Neurocisticercosis is a disease caused by the metacestode (ovoid,

whitish and opalescent vesicle) or the cysticercus (intermediate or larval form) of T. solium

(WHO, 2018). Dogs are also important vectors of these parasites, tapeworm infection of the

dog is caused by tapeworms Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis,

which can also cause cysts that form in various organs (echinococcosis), with life cycles in

which they involve intermediate hosts -eye, goats, pigs, cattle, horses, camels or people- (S.

Rostami, 2015). The diagnosis or identification of taeniasis has been performed routinely

depending on the morphology of the different phases of the life cycle (egg, larva, cyst,

adult), or it depended on the detection of antigens of the fluid containing cysts, tools that

present some complications involved, since the differentiation between varieties and

between species are often quite confusing due to the morphological similarities. The

detection of the presence of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of each species or variety of

Taenia through the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) provides a definitive diagnosis of

taeniasis, although there is still very little information on the genetic nature of Taenia many

groups of taenias especially those of agricultural livestock interest (Wulamu et al, 2004). In

this work, it is proposed to identify and characterize molecularly the different varieties of

Taenias, in fecal samples of humans, stray dogs and dogs with owners. So far we collect 30

stool samples from the street and in planters, plus 30 stool samples from owner dogs. For

the sampling we used the scheme by quadrant, and the technique of direct observation and

the one of flotation with optical microscopy to characterize the helminths (S.K.K. Seah,

1975). Fifteen samples from each of the two sampling groups have been analyzed, and 5

helminth species have been identified in the stray dog samples and none in the owner dogs.

Subsequently we will carry out the molecular characterization by coupling a subsequent

multiplex PCR using the cox1 sequence (H. Yamasaki, 2004). Keywords: Taenia, Parasitosis, Helminths, Neurocysticercosis, Molecular markers.

References:

1. M. Bugge, A. Collins, M. B. Petersen, J. Fisher, C. Brandt, J. M. Hertz, L. Tranebjærg, C. de

Lozier-Blanchet, P. Nicolaides, K. Brøndum-Nielsen, N. Morton, M. Mikkelsen1. Human

Molecular Genetics. 7, 4 (1998). 2. OMS. 2018. http://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/taeniasis-cysticercosis.

3. H. Yamasaki, J. C. Allan, M. O. Sato, M. Nakao, Y. Sako, K. Nakaya, W. Mamuti, P. S.

Craig, A. Ito. Southeast asian j trop med public health. 35 (Suppl 1) (2004).

https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/morfolia/article/download/48096/49325


http://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/taeniasis-cysticercosis



Remoción de Cromo hexavalente en modelos de soluciones acuosas, por la técnica de biosorción

utilizando Scenedesmus sp.

Espinosa Domínguez Héctor Yael1 , Blanca Estela Chavez Sandoval2, María De Lourdes Moreno

Rivera3.

1Alumno de la Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología. México 2Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Azcapotzalco. México

3Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de

Biotecnología. México. Av. Acueducto s/n Colonia Barrio la Laguna Ticoman. Telefono 57 29 6000

ext, 56415. [email protected]

Resumen. En el presente trabajo se abordó la problemática que representa la

contaminación del agua residual por cromo hexavalente, su marco regulatorio que rige su

cantidad presente en aguas residuales, las tecnologías de depuración comúnmente

utilizados para su remoción y las opciones biotecnológicas que han surgido las décadas

recientes; entre ellas la biosorción. Por lo que se evaluó la capacidad de biosorción de masa

de Scenedemus sp, microalga común en agua dulce, la presencia de celulosa y proteínas

unidas a polisacáridos formando glucoproteínas otorgan la propiedad a Scenedesmus sp

como un material adsorbente para metales pesados que se adiciono al cultivo en una cantidad

constante cultivada en Hidro-Sol, que es un medio de cultivo utilizado en hidroponía.

Primero se realizó una cinética para determinar el tiempo de saturación del ion metálico. Se

muestreo cada 2 horas y se determinó que la microalga se saturo de Cromo hexavalente en

una hora, el método utilizado fue de la NMX-AA-044-SCFI-2014 Análisis De Agua.-

Medición De Cromo Hexavalente En Aguas Naturales, Salinas, Residuales y Residuales

Tratadas-Método De Prueba. Los experimentos se realizaron a un pH y temperatura

constante con una concentración de biosorbente de 0.27 g/L, variando la concentración

inicial de Cromo hexavalente. El modelo de isoterma que mejor se ajusto fue el de

Langmuir. Los resultados presentados en entre trabajo experimental demuestran que la

biosorción de Cromo hexavalente con microalgas para la remoción de este contaminante de

efluentes es un proceso eficiente y económico. Palabras clave: Biosorción, Scenedesmus sp, Cromo hexavalente, Agua residual,

Langmuir.

Referencias.

Jbari, N. Utilización Secuencial de microalgas en depuración y adsorción de Cr (VI).

España: Universidad de Granada. (2012).

Norma Mexicana. NMX-AA-044-SCFI-2014, Análisis de agua.- Medición de cromo

hexavalente en aguas naturales, salinas residuales y residuales prueba (cancela a la NMX-

AA-044-SCFI-2001). Diario Oficial de la Nación. (2015).




Evaluation of antimicrobial dosing schemes in ICU patients of the Caribbean University Hospital (HUC) in

Cartagena de Indias - Colombia

Lilian M. Barandica-Cañón1, Blanca Estela Chavez-Sandoval2, Francisco García Franco3

[email protected]




Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance has become a global problem for health care

services, the lack of new antimicrobials in the market, patterns of resistance change

constantly and no matter how quickly new therapeutic agents are introduced; Bacteria always

seem ready to overcome them. Consequently, the susceptibility of bacteria to antimicrobial

agents (AMC) cannot be predicted and it is often necessary to study the individual

sensitivity of each pathogen to these drugs, and the appropriate agent must be selected (the

most active against the pathogen, the less toxic to the host, with the appropriate

pharmacological characteristics and the most economical), which provides greater

possibilities for a favorable evolution. With this work, it was evidenced that the

aminoglycosides (tobramycin) and the Fluoroquinolone (ciprofloxacin) did not reach the

parameter of efficiency inhibitory quotient; As for Tigecycline, it did not achieve the

necessary values to predict a therapeutic failure. In addition to the incorrect uses of drugs

that contribute to the development of bacterial resistance, inappropriate dosing regimens

are included. A rational pharmacotherapeutics needs optimal dosing regimens, not only to

guarantee the clinical efficacy of the treatment but also to minimize the selection and

dissemination of strains of resistant pathogenic microorganisms.

Keywords: antimicrobial agents, microbial drug resistance, PK / PD References 1. Shepherd JG, Chapman ALN (2016) Assessment and management of active and latent TB.

Practitioner;260(1798):21-4.

2. Tripathy JP, Bahuguna P, Prinja S. (2018) Drug prescription behavior: A cross-sectional study

in public health facilities in two states of North India.Perspect Clin Res;9(2):76-82. doi:

10.4103/picr.PICR_75_17.

3. Boakye MDS, Owek CJ, Oluoch E, Wachira J, Afrane YA.Challenges of achieving

sustainable community health services for community case management of malaria. BMC Public

Health. 1;18(1):1150. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-6040-2.




Pilot Study in the Management of Annual Antimicrobial Therapy in a Third Level University Hospital

Lilian M. Barandica-Cañón1, Blanca Estela Chavez-Sandoval2, Francisco García Franco3

1. Faculty of Medicine. Universidad de Cartagena, Colombia 2. Department of Applied Mathematics and Systems, UAM-C, México

3. Department of Scientific Research, Tominaga Nakamoto University, México [email protected]

Abstract: Antibiotics have been one of the therapeutic tools that has saved the most

lives in the history of medicine. Due to its usual good tolerance and wide therapeutic margin,

without forgetting its possible adverse effects, it is probably the class of drugs used by

more doctors in the world.

The basis of antimicrobial management (AMC) is its rational use based on taking

advantage of its pharmacokinetic / pharmacodynamic properties (PK / PD) by optimizing

therapeutic regimens. In this work a retrospective observational study of the epidemiological

and clinical characteristics of the patients diagnosed, confirmed by blood culture and with

antibiotic treatment was carried out. Clinical records and follow-up of patients with

confirmed diagnosis for one year will be reviewed, 206 samples of blood culture were

analyzed. It was observed that, in an inadequate treatment in the evolution of patients with

serious infections, especially nosocomial pneumonias and bacteremia, the morbidity, crude

mortality and / or mortality attributed to the infection of those patients who have received

inadequate treatment has been significantly superior to those who received adequate

treatment.

Keywords: Antibiotics, Annual antimicrobial therapy, pharmacokinetic /

pharmacodynamic properties,

References 1. Tripathy JP, Bahuguna P, Prinja S. (2018) Drug prescription behavior: A cross-sectional study

in public health facilities in two states of North India.Perspect Clin Res;9(2):76-82. doi:

10.4103/picr.PICR_75_17.

2. Boakye MDS, Owek CJ, Oluoch E, Wachira J, Afrane YA.Challenges of achieving sustainable

community health services for community case management of malaria. BMC Public Health.

1;18(1):1150. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-6040-2.




Structural and optical properties of BaZrO3:Eu3+

hydrothermally obtained nanoparticles

A Garcia-Murillo 1*, Felipe de J. Carrillo-Romo1, R. García-Rosales2, A. Garrido-Hernández2 and A.

Casas-Mendoza1

1IPN CIITEC, Cerrada de Cecati s/n, Azcapotzalco, Santa Catarina, 02250 CdMX

2Universidad Tecnológica de Tecámac, Carretera Federal México - Pachuca Km 37.5, Sierra

Hermosa, 55740 Tecámac, Estado de México *Phone: +52 1-5557296000, ext.: 68316, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: In this work were synthesized europium active BaZrO3 nanoparticles

were synthesized by hydrothermal process. The employed precursors were zirconium

isopropoxide C12H28O4Zr and two sources of barium were used: barium chlorate Ba(ClO3)2

and barium nitrate Ba(NO3)2, europium nitrate pentahydrate Eu(NO3)3*5H2O as a doping

agent, and sodium hydroxide and deionized water to adjust different pH values (4, 11 and

12). The synthesis was carried using an autoclave using methanol CH3OH as a solvent, the

reaction was carried out at 180°C for 18 h, thereafter a drying stage was performed at 100

°C for 24 h, and 900 °C heat for 5 h. The chemical characterization by infrared absorption

bands, shows characteristics of the link Zr-O in the range of 437- 560 cm-1[1]. The X-ray

diffraction patterns indicate the formation of a perovskite cubic structure at pHs studied.

The BaZrO3 particles are made up of 10 ∼ µm agglomerates with sponge like structure of

∼50 nm. According with the micrographs, as the pH increases, the nanoparticles have

a tendency to agglomerate. The studies of luminescence (λexc = 258 nm) reveal the

characteristic emission of the Eu3+ ions from the level 5D0 toward 7FJ (J=0-3) levels,

with an intense located in 608 nm (5D0 →7F2) [2] which is influenced by the pH used to

yield BaZrO3 nanoparticles, i.e the highest luminescence emission correspond to those

systems obtained at basic reaction conditions.

Keywords: nanoparticles; barium zirconate; hydrothermal; europium; luminescence. Acknowledgment This work was supported by the IPN through SIP-2018530 and SIP-2018531 projects.

References

1. Detlev Hennings, Seriyati Schreinemacher, J. of the European Ceram. Soc. 9, 41 (1992). 2. V.H. Romero et al., J. of Solid State Chem. 196, 243 (2012).


https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/095522199290075O#!

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/095522199290075O#!



Ultrastructure and evidence of efflux pumps nanostructures in Listeria monocytogenes exposed to

natural antimicrobials

V. Cortés-Rodríguez1*, L. Dorantes-Alvarez1, G. Aparicio-Ozores1, and E.O López-Villegas1

1 Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu S/N casi esq. Manuel L. Stampa, Nueva

Industrial Vallejo, Delegación Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07738, Ciudad de México, México *Phone: +52 1-5557296000, ext: 57868, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: p-coumaric and caffeic acids are widely distributed in plants and have

been reported as inhibitors of pathogenic bacteria [1]. One of the suggested mechanisms of

inhibition includes alteration on membranes and morphometric changes of bacterial cells.

On the other hand, efflux pumps are nanostructures of protein origin, which act by

actively ejecting harmful compounds in the bacterial cell, by modifying its quaternary

structure [2]. In this work, the effect of a binary mixture of the sodium coumarate and

caffeate (20mM:20mM) on the ultrastructure of L. monocytogenes was tested using

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM);

additionally, the presence of nanostructures in the cell membrane that function as efflux

pumps for coumarate and caffeate in L. monocytogenes was investigated. Evidence was

obtained of the presence of efflux pumps of phenolic acid salts in L. monocytogenes,

however this defense mechanism was not enough to overcome the damage of phenolic

salts in the bacteria, and L. monocytogenes lost its viability. When L. monocytogenes was

exposed to the binary mixture for 24 h, it showed elongated cells as compared to the control

cells, the elongation was corroborated trough the image analysis of the SEM micrographs

where the roundness decreased significantly, while aspect ratio increased significantly with

respect to the control, corroborating the elongation of the bacteria. In addition to

morphometric changes, the effect of the mixture on the ultrastructure of L. monocytogenes

was investigated by TEM. The control cells showed regular shape with clear and

continuous membranes, intact cell-wall and well-defined cytoplasmic content; in contrast,

cells treated with the mixture showed dissolved-looking peptidoglycan walls, rupture of the

cell membrane and degradation of the cytoplasmic content represented by less electron

dense areas. These alterations may have caused the death of this pathogen.

Keywords: Listeria monocytogenes; phenolic acids; ultrastructural changes, efflux pumps.

Acknowledgment This work was supported by the Instituto Politécnico Nacional [grant number SIP 20181349].

References 1. L. Miyague, R. E. Macedo, G. Meca, R.A. Holley, & F. B. Luciano, LWT Food Science and

Technology, 64, 333-336 (2015).

2. B. Marquez, Biochimie, 87, 1137-1147 (2005).



Highly active low platinum loading in the bimetallic Pt-Ni catalyst for methanol electro- oxidation reaction in acid

media.

L.P.A. Guerrero-Ortega1, E. Ramírez-Meneses2*, A. Manzo-Robledo1**, C.R. Santiago-Ramirez1, J.

Soto-Hernandez1, M. Luna-Trujillo1, S. Vázquez-Bautista1, L.E González-Sánchez2, E.G. Luna-

Tolentino2, M.A. Pérez-Sosa2 1 Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Laboratorio de Electroquímica y Corrosión, Escuela Superior de

Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas-IPN UPALM, C. P. 07738, México.

2 Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos, Universidad Iberoamericana,

Prolongación Paseo de la Reforma 880, Lomas de Santa Fe. C.P. 01219, Ciudad de México, México.

*Phone: 5950-4000, ext.: 4057 e-mail: [email protected]

**Phone: 5729-6000, ext.: 54246 e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: In the present work, bi-metallic catalyst (Pt-Ni) and its counterpart free of nickel supported on carbon Vulcan (Pt4-Ni6/C and Pt10/C) have been synthesized by the

impregnation-reflux methodology from Na2PtCl6 and Ni(C5H7O2) 2 as precursors, under

inert atmosphere. The catalysts were heat-treated in hydrogen atmosphere at 300 °C. The obtained materials were used as electro-catalysts for the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in acid conditions [1, 2]. The characterization with X-ray diffraction (XRD) reveals the formation of Ni3Pt from the PtNi catalysts. While the characterization using

scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-TEM-EDS) confirmed the presence of Pt and Ni on the carbon surface with good dispersion. Electrochemical evaluation demonstrated that the addition of Ni in the Pt-Vulcan matrix improved the transfer of charge during the oxidation process with a lower adsorption of CO. This difference in activity is highly associated to the incorporation of nickel that promotes some structural and electronic modifications with the formation of mixed oxides (nickel oxides, NiO, nickel hydroxides Ni(OH)2 and nickel oxy-hydroxides, NiOOH) even with low amount of platinum as

demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

Keywords: nanoparticles, electro-catalysis, methanol oxidation, fuel cells, surface state.

Acknowledgments

The authors thank the facilities provided in the Electrochemistry and Corrosion Laboratory of the

ESIQIE-IPN, CONACyT, BEIFI (project number (20180430)), for financial support and

Departamento de Estudios en Ingeniería para la Innovación, Universidad Iberoamericana for the

heat treatments and fruitful comments.

References

[1] Manzo-Robledo A, Costa NJS, Philippot K, Rossi LM, Ramírez-Meneses E, Guerrero-Ortega LPA, Ezquerra-Quiroga

S. Electro-oxidation of methanol in alkaline conditions using Pd–Ni nanoparticles prepared from organometallic precursors and supported on carbon vulcan. J Nanoparticle Res 2015;17:474.

[2] Ramirez-Meneses E., Dominguez-Crespo, M. A, Torres-Huerta A. M. Stabilized MetalNanoparticles from Organometallic

Precursors for Low Temperature Fuel Cells. Recent Patents on Nanotechnology, 7(1), 13–25 (2013).





Cuantificación de la actividad de radiofármacos de 99mTc-AuNP en maniquíes antropomórficos impresos en 3D con

imágenes SPECT/CT

Julián Ramírez Nava1,2*, Leticia Santos Cuevas1, Isaac Chairez Oria2, Eurídice Rioja Guerrero3 and

Jael Oroz Duarte3. 1 Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Carretera México Toluca-La Marquesa S/N,

Ocoyoacac, CP. 52750, México. 2 Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av.

Acueducto S/N, CP. 07340, México. 3 Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y de Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15,

CP. 14080. México. *Phone: +52 1-5539559840, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Recently, radiopharmaceuticals with gold nanoparticles (AuNP) have

shown a greater uptake and a significant increase in the retention time in tumor sites.

Advances in image processing techniques and in single-photon emission computed

tomography (SPECT) and computed tomography (CT) equipment’s have led to the

appearance of new quantification techniques, among which stand out the three-dimensional

quantification (voxel-level) of activity in internal tissues of interest. In the present work, the

three-dimensional quantification of radiopharmaceuticals with AuNP radiolabeled

with 99mTc was performed, from the acquisition of SPECT/CT images of 3D printed

phantoms.

Methodology: a) The protocol for the acquisition of SPECT/CT images of radiopharmaceuticals with AunP was set. b) The physical factors of the radiation that influence the quantification of 3D activity were determined and techniques for its correction were implemented. c) An anthropomorphic phantom was designed and built using the 3D printing technology. d) The activity at the voxel level of the radiopharmaceuticals with AuNP in regions of interest was quantified from the SPECT/CT images of the printed phantom. Results: A kidney phantom was constructed using the 3D

printing technology. It was possible to quantify the activity of 99mTc and

radiopharmaceuticals of 99mTC with AuNP (3.98-7.31% of error). Conclusions:

3D printing is an emerging tool to develop anthropomorphic phantoms that can be

used to assess the 99mTc quantitative performance of the SPECT/CT systems. The quantitative data can be used in the treatment planning and the assessment of the internal

radiation dosimetry of 99mTc radiopharmaceuticals.

Keywords: SPECT/CT, AuNP Radiopharmaceuticals, 3D printing.

Acknowledgment

The authors are grateful for the support of the Mexican National Council of Science and

Technology and the National Polytechnic Institute.

References 1. Tran-Gia, S. Schlogl, and M. Lassmann, Journal of Nuclear Medicine. 57, 1998 (2016).

2. J. Zeintl, A. H. Vija, A. Yahil, J. Hornegger, and T. Kuwert, Journal of Nuclear Medicine. 51,

921 (2010).




Evaluation of Nanostructured Coatings with Chitosan and / or Propolis in vitro on the Production of Aflatoxines of

the Toxigenic Fungus Aspergillus flavus

Mónica Cortés-Higareda1, Zormy Nacary Correa-Pacheco2, Silvia Bautista-Baños3, Margarita de

Lorena Ramos-García1, María Luisa Corona-Rangel3

1Faculty of Nutrition, Autonomous University of the State of Morelos. Cuernavaca,

Morelos. Mexico. Zp 62350 2CONACYT-National Polytechnic Institute- Center for the

Development of Biotic Products. Yautepec, Morelos. 3 National Polytechnic Institute -

Center for the Development of Biotic Products. Yautepec, Morelos. Mexico. Zp 07738.

Phone: +52 17771000505, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Aflatoxins are secondary metabolites, produced mainly during the

storage of grains, by the fungi Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus; being aflatoxin B1 the

most potent natural carcinogen known to date. Aflatoxins are secondary metabolites,

produced mainly during the storage of grains, by the fungi Aspergillus flavus and A.

parasiticus; being aflatoxin B1 the most potent natural carcinogen known to date. In recent

years, the addition of nanoparticles to vegetable covers based on chitosan has been studied

to extend the shelf life of agricultural foods: since they have a high activity on pathogenic

microorganisms as they are more reactive and efficient (1-3). The objective of this

research was to evaluate the antifungal effect of chitosan based coatings with chitosan and

/ or propolis nanoparticles (40%) and propolis extract (0.6%) in vitro on the production of

total aflatoxins A. flavus. We evaluated 9 coatings made with chitosan, chitosan and / or

propolis nanoparticles (40%) and propolis extract (0.6%) by fluorometry. The

determination of total aflatoxins was carried out after 15 days of incubation at a

temperature of 28 ± 2 ° C. The characterization of the T2 and T3 coatings was carried

out by TEM and Z potential. A statistical analysis was performed with ANOVA and

comparison of Tukey means. The coating that inhibited the production of aflatoxins in its

entirety was the coating that contained only chitosan in its formula (0.0ppb), followed by

the coating with chitosan nanoparticles (1.5ppb) and propolis extract (2.0ppb).

Nanostructured coatings of chitosan and propolis may be a viable alternative in the control

of A. flavus; however, it is necessary to evaluate them in situ studies.

Key words: Aspergillus flavus, aflatoxins, nanostructured coatings.

References 1.- Mannaa, M., & Kim, K. D. (2017). Influence of temperature and water activity on deleterious fungi and mycotoxin production during grain storage. Mycobiology, 45(4), 240-254. https://dx.doi.org/10.5941%2FMYCO.2017.45.4.240 2.- Neme, K., & Mohammed, A. (2017). Mycotoxin occurrence in grains and the role of postharvest

management as a mitigation strategies. Food Control 78, 412-425.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.03.012

3.- Saleem, F., Sadia, B., & Awan, F. S. (2017). Control of aflatoxin production using herbal plant extract. in

aflatoxin-control, Analysis, Detection and Health Risks. InTech. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.69867

https://dx.doi.org/10.5941%2FMYCO.2017.45.4.240

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.03.012

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.69867



Venturi tube another way to obtain nanoparticles by solvent displacement

Gilberto García-Salazar and David Quintanar-Guerrero

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán,

Laboratorio de Investigación y Posgrado en Tecnología Farmacéutica, Av. 1° de Mayo s/n

Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, México, CP 54745

Phone: +52 1-5556232065, e-mail:[email protected], [email protected]

Introduction: Preparation of dispersion usually required a stirred tank.

Nevertheless, this is not the only choice. Sometimes the pipe is a better selection in order

to obtain excellent mixing performance. Static devices like the Venturi tube (VT) can mix

different fluids with no additional devices because of its shape1. A lot of industrial

applications can be produced with static mixers: homogenization, dispersion, emulsifying,

liquid/liquid contacting and chemical reaction2. Methodology: A fixed volume of polymer

(polycaprolactone) or lipid (monoolein) dissolved into a solvent was injected into the

throat of the VT by a syringe pump and mixing was performed by recirculating the

stabilizing agent-aqueous solution through the entire system using a pump. After injecting,

the pump was turned off and the dispersion of NP was collected, filtered and dried as

described previously. The nanoparticles (NP) produced by VT were characterized by DSL

to determine their particle size distribution (PS) and polydispersity index (PDI), also the

process yield (PY) was calculate in order to determinate capacity of Venturi tube to

produce NP. Results: The PY was > 95.0%, with a mean PS of 300 nm, and a PDI of

0.2 for polymeric NP. For lipid nanoparticles the results were PY > 85 %, mean PS

200.0 nm and PDI of 0.2. The turbulence produced inside the VT due to a change in

the area of intersection was a turbulent flow with Re > 4000 which led to greater

proportional mixing. Conclusions: A new and versatile method was development in order

to prepare NP of nanometric size using polymer and lipid in order to achieve a PY above

90.0 and 80 % respectively through turbulent flow.

Keywords: Nanoparticles, Venturi tube, Polymer, Lipid, Displacement solvent

Acknowledgment: Gilberto Garcia-Salazar gratefully acknowledges the grant from

CONACYT Mexico (240062). The authors acknowledge the financial support for projects

PAPIIT 2019143, CONACYT INFRA 251940 and CONACYT CB-221629, PIAPI 001.

References:

(1) García-Salazar, G.; de la Luz Zambrano-Zaragoza, M.; Quintanar-Guerrero, D. Int. J. Pharm. 2018, 545 (1–2), 254–260.

(2) Sundararaj, S.; Selladurai, V. Int. J. Appl. Eng. Res. 2008, 3 (7), 891–902.





Synthesis and functionalization of superparamagnetic nanoparticles for cancer therapy

J. C. Camacho-Fernandez1, J. Santoyo-Salazar2, A. Martinez-Rivas3

1ENCB-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CDMX, México

2CINVESTAV-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CDMX, México 3CIC- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CDMX, México

*Phone: +521-57-29-60-00 Ext.: 56606 e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: The magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are being widely used and developed in

the field of nanomedicine, as they can be mobilized and localized through the application of

a magnetic field and can also heat themselves when they are exposed to an alternating

magnetic field, generating a magnetic hyperthermia. These properties make them a very

practical nanomaterial, which can be used for the creation of biosensors and therapy agents

against diseases such as cancer. For this purpose, the MNPs first have to be encapsulated

with a shell, specifically in this work, silicon dioxide (SiO2) was used because it forms an

inert, biocompatible and highly functionalizable surface, which will allow the addition of

antibodies to recognize and target selectively cancer cells, improving the process by

making it more efficient and less aggressive than with the conventional techniques such as

chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

The MNPs used here are magnetite (Fe3O4), they are synthesized by using a

coprecipitation method, having ferric chloride (FeCl3) and ferrous chloride (FeCl2) as

precursor salts, obtaining a particle size of 9 nm, getting them a state of

superparamagnetism, which allows a more efficient hyperthermia process during this type

of treatments.

Each phase of the synthesis and functionalization of the MNPs is characterized by different

techniques: transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to determine its size and morphology,

X-ray diffraction (XDR) to know its crystalline structure, infrared spectroscopy (IR) to

determine its composition, and its magnetic properties are measured by an Atomic Force

Microscope (AFM) and the quantum interference superconductor (SQUID).

Keywords: Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs); core-shell; cancer therapy; magnetic

hyperthermia.

References 1. K. Chamé-Fernández. Tesis Maestría. CIO, (2013).

2. M. C. Llinàs, D. Sánchez-García. Afinidad. 71, 565 (2014). 3. J. A. Fuentes-García, A. I. Diaz-Cano, A. Guillen-Cervantes, J. Santoyo-Salazar. Scientific Report.

8, 5096 (2018).




Relationship between the size of acicular ferrite needles and the toughness of weld beads added with SiO2- and

Al2O3-NPs during the Submerged Arc Welding process

A. Jiménez-Jiménez 1*, A. M. Paniagua-Mercado 1, A. García-Bórquez 1, V. M. López-Hirata 2, A.

S. De Ita-De la Torre 3, E. Miguel-Díaz 4, M. L. Saucedo-Muñoz 2.

1

Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Física y Matemáticas, Instituto

Politécnico Nacional, 07738, CDMX, México. 2

Depto. Ingeniería en Metalurgia y Materiales, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias

Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 07738, CDMX, México. 3

Depto. Materiales, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco, 02200, CDMX, México. 4

Div. Ingeniería Industrial y Forestal, Instituto Tecnológico Superior de la Sierra Norte de Puebla,

73310, Zacatlán, México.

*Phone: +52 1-5520666707 e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: It is well known that the acicular ferrite phase (AF) improves the strength

and toughness of the weld bead (WB) because this phase has a microstructure formed by

small grain sizes and large angles in grain boundaries. The nucleation of this phase depends

on specific characteristics of the inclusions, such as: type and size, crystallographic

coherence with the surrounding molten metal, chemical composition and oxygen content.

Recent research reveals that the addition of certain nanoparticles (NPs) oxides on the

molten metal influences the nucleation, recrystallization and growth phases of the AF

phase [1-2]. However, the use of NPs in welding processes has drawbacks related to

the high costs and problems in the techniques for their incorporation. Currently, a

technique focused on solving this problem consists of applying the NPs directly on the

bevel surface of plates before the WB formation [3]. This technique maintains the

beneficial effect on the WB mechanical properties, with a relative decrease in production

costs.

In particular, the main objective of this research project was to study the microstructure

and mechanical properties of the WB with SiO2 or Al2O3 nanoparticles (SiO2- or Al2O3-

NPs) added during the Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) process. The NPs were mixed with ethyl alcohol and before the WB formation were applied on the bevel formed between two AISI 1025 steel plates. The microstructural and phase changes were analyzed in the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) and the Welding Zone (WZ) by Optical and Scanning Electron Microscopy. The mechanical properties of the WB were determined by tensile, Charpy impact and Vickers hardness tests. It was observed that adding SiO2- and Al2O3-NPs to the

WB increases the length of AF needles with respect to a WB-Control that was obtained without the addition of NPs. According to these results, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between the type of oxide added and the dimensions of the AF needles. On the other hand, mechanical tests recorded increases in ductility and toughness, as well as decreased fragility and tensile strength in WB with NPs added with respect to WB-Control.

Keywords: Acicular Ferrite, SiO2- and Al2O3-NPs, Submerged Arc Welding.




Acknowledgment

The authors are grateful for the collaboration of PhD. Elvia Díaz Valdés, PhD. Concepción Mejía García, PhD. Angel Guillén and Tec. Justo Arias Paniagua. Likewise, the support and facilities provided by the Laboratories of the ESFM-IPN, ESIQIE-IPN, UAM-Azcapotzalco, Cinvestav-

Zacatenco and the ITSSNP are gratefully acknowledged. This work is sponsored in part by the

Secretaria de Investigación y Posgrado of the IPN, project SIP-20170181 and SIP-2018695. References

1. C. Chen, H. Xue, H. Peng, L. Yan, L. Zhi, and S. Wang, “Inclusions and microstructure of steel

weld deposits with nanosize titanium oxide addition,” J. Nanomater., vol. 2014, 2014. 2. M. Aghakhani, M. R. Ghaderi, A. Karami and A. Derakhshan, “Combined effect of TiO2

nanoparticles and input welding parameters on the weld bead penetration in submerged arc welding process using fuzzy logic”, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., vol.70, no. 1-4, pp. 63-72,

2014.

3. A. M. Paniagua-Mercado, V. M. Lopez-Hirata, H. J. Dorantes-Rosales, P. Estrada Diaz, and E.

Diaz Valdez, “Effect of TiO2-containing fluxes on the mechanical properties and microstructure in

submerged-arc weld steels,” Mater. Charact, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 36–39, 2009.



Titanium oxide nanotubes to enhance the cellular adhesion

I. P. Torres-Avila1*, E. Hernández-Sánchez1*, E.V. García-Báez¹ and J.L. Castrejón-Flores1

1Instituto Politécnico Nacional, UPIBI, Avenida Acueducto s/n, Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, 07340

Zacatenco México City, México *Phone: +52 5535655345, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: The oxide film gives to titanium (Ti) its high resistance to corrosion.

However, this feature, which makes Ti highly attractive for some applications, is also one

of the main disadvantages in inhibiting cellular adhesion. Therefore, is important to modify

the titanium surface. The formation of nanotubes was performed by the anodic oxidation

technique with an electrolyte based on ethylene glycol, water and ammonium fluoride

(NH₄F). The work potential was established at 60 V. The anodizing process was performed

at times of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min, in order to evaluate the effect of treatment time

on the characteristics of the nanotubes and thus, on the cellular adhesion. Scanning

electron microscopy (SEM) and wettability test were applied to determine the morphology

and adherence on the surface. The results revealed a clear influence of the treatment time

on the nanotubes, especially on the adherence to the substrate, where the best adherence

was observed at 10 min [1, 2].

Keywords: Titanium oxide; nanotubes; adhesion. Acknowledgment

This work was supported by Instituto Politécnico Nacional in Mexico. The authors wish to thank the

Nanosciences Center and Micro-NanoTechnologies of the Instituto Politécnico Nacional.

References 1. L. Baoe, L. Ying, L. Jun, F. Xiaolong, App. Surf. Sci., 307, 202 (2014).

2. L. Zhao, S. Mei, P.K. Chu, Y. Zhang, Z. Wu, Biomaterr, 31,5072 (2010).




Morphological characterization of nanoparticles from pecan nutshells obtained by planetary ball milling

J. Nicolás-Bermúdez1*, I. Arzate-Vazquez2, J.J. Chanona-Perez1, J.V. Mendez-Mendez2

1Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y

Plan de Ayala s/n, 11340 Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de México, México.

2Centro de Nanociencias y Micro y Nacnotecnologias-Instituto Politécnico, Av. Luis Enrique Erro

s/n, Nueva Industrial Vallejo, 07738, Ciudad de México, México. *Phone: +52 1-5539544783, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: The nutshell is a lignocellulosic material defined as a cellular solid

of low density and high resistance similar to wood, which is consider waste with little

economic value. Therefore, the aim of this work was to obtain nanoparticles from pecan

nutshells by planetary ball milling and its morphological characterization using atomic

force microscopy (AFM). Fragments of pecan nutshells were preconditioned using

a coffee mill, subsequently 3 g of the pre-ground product was taken to the bowls of

the planetary ball milling for 1 hour at 500 rpm with 5 mm agate beads, then the powder

was passed through a mesh and was stored in a vial. Then, the powder was homogenized in

distilled water in an ultrasonic bath to disperse the particles, finally, a drop of the diluted

sample was placed in a sample holder that was left to dry at room temperature to carry

out its characterization by the AFM. Topographic images of different scanning areas of

the nanoparticles were captured in tapping mode. The particle size and roughness (Ra)

were the parameters extracted from the analysis. A very fine powder with a light

brown colour and a high degree of compaction was obtained. The AFM images showed

that the Pecan nutshell nanoparticles had slightly elongated spherical shapes and also had

extremely smooth surfaces with an average roughness (Ra) of 5.6 ± 0.4 nm. Different

particle sizes were observed in the topographic images where the average size was 134.6 ±

67.8 nm, the standard deviation indicates a wide range of particle size, which is due to the

conditions of the milling. In conclusion, the planetary ball milling was useful to reduce the

size of the pecan nutshells and thus obtain particles with a size in the range of nanometers

(nanoparticles). Milling conditions played an important role in this work because they are

responsible for the particle size obtained as well as its homogeneity. On the other hand,

using the AFM technique it was possible to examine the particles obtained and characterize

their morphology and texture.

Keywords: Planetary ball milling, pecan nutshells, nanoparticles, AFM.




Obtention of an IgG monoclonal antibody against the Brucella abortus lipopolysaccharide

I. Mendoza-Salazar1*, H. Romero-Ramírez2, S.L. Baltierra-Uribe1, M.C. Moreno-Lafont1 and R.

López-Santiago1

1 Laboratorio de Inmunología celular, ENCB, IPN, Prolongación Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, zip:

11340. México, CDMX 2 Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, CINVESTAV, IPN, México CDMX.

*Phone: (52-55) 5729 6300 ext: 62368, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: The specificity and affinity of monoclonal antibodies (MAb) are

completely stable over the time. MAb have been useful in the diagnosis of infectious

diseases, such as brucellosis, a chronic bacterial disease that affects several species of

domestic and wild animals. The World Health Organization estimates an average of

500,000 new cases of human brucellosis worldwide, making it one of the zoonoses with the

highest incidence in Latin America. The gold standard method for the diagnosis is the

isolation and identification of Brucella abortus by culture, which can take up to four weeks,

due to the slow growth of the bacteria and the rigorous nutritional requirements in primary

isolation. Since the culture is technically difficult, and dangerous in many laboratories

because of the risk of infection through aerosols, it is necessary to implement new

diagnostic methods (1). In this work, the B. abortus lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used

as an antigen for the production of Mab. The B. abortus LPS was coupled by chemical

conjugation with bovine serum albumin. In this way, the LPS became a T cell-dependent

antigen, which induced the IgG antibody response in mice immunized with the conjugate

(2). The application of 25 μg/mL dose of conjugate subcutaneously with Titermax® as

adjuvant, generated a greater antibody response, compared to the response induced with

Freund's complete adjuvant. The spleen cells of the mouse with the highest Ab

response were fused with myeloma cells Ag8, and the resulting hybrids were developed in

the selective medium HAT. The IgG-producing cells against LPS were detected by an

indirect enzyme immunoassay, using LPS as capture antigen. The cultures of positive cells

were cloned and subcloned to ensure that they were clones derived from a single cell. To

verify LPS recognition over the bacteria, indirect immunofluorescence assays were

performed using B. abortus 2308 and B. abortus RB51. Eight IgG producing clones were

obtained against B. abortus LPS. However, these antibodies did not recognize the native

antigen on the B. abortus strains.

Keywords: Brucella abortus; monoclonal antibody; biotechnology.

Acknowledgment Authors want to thank to Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, IPN, for its finantial support to

carry out this project. MCML and RLS are fellowships from COFAA and EDI. HRR, SLBU,

MCML and RLS are fellowships from National Research System (SNI). References: 1. A. Silbereisen et al., BMC Microbiology, 15(1), 198, (2015). 2. K. P. Patra et al., PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 8(6), 25–32, (2014).




Cellular transfection study of polyethylene glycol coated gold nanoparticles and cytotoxicity

J.A. Zamora-Justo 1*, P. Abrica-González1, A. Muñoz Diosdado1, M.A.A. Ibañez-Hernández2 and

J.A. Balderas López1

1Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología del Insituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico

City, Mexico 2Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico


Abstract: There is a lot of research about medical applications of gold nanoparticles,

for instance, imaging studies, biosensors, drug delivery and gene therapy. It has been reported

that nanoparticles coated with polymers improve the biocompatibility and stability, besides,

the cytotoxicity is decreased [1, 2]. In this work, we performed a cell uptake study, in Human

Embryonic Kidney cell culture (HEK 293), using polyethylene glycol coated gold

nanoparticles and synthetized by two different methods. In addition, the cell viability study

with gold nanoparticles, was performed. Lipofectamine demonstrated the most quantity of

cellular transfection but it is cytotoxic (less than 60% of viable cells). However, the PEG

coated gold nanoparticles synthetized by both methods showed cell viability >90% and the

transfection efficiency (>40%) is greater than many types of particles used for biomedical

applications. These results showed that the polyethylene glycol coated gold nanoparticles can

be used as gene or drug carriers and the viability study shows a low cytotoxicity and it

demonstrates that the coated gold nanoparticles could be useful for many biomedical

purposes.

Keywords: Gold nanoparticles; transfection; cytotoxicity. Acknowledgment Research supported by SIP, COFAA – IPN and CONACyT México References () [1] George Dan Mogoşanu, et al. Int. J. of Pharmaceutics. 510. 419–429. (2016). [2] Jiaqi Lin,

Hongwu Zhang, et al. ACS Nano. 4:9. 5421–5429. (2010).




Synthesis of nanoparticles for the targeting of antineoplastic agents in the treatment of breast cancer

L. E López Ruiz1, R. Casañas2 y E. San Martín 1

1Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada del Instituto Politécnico

Nacional, Legaria 694. Colonia Irrigación, 11500 México D. F. 2CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada del Instituto

Politécnico Nacional, Legaria 694. Colonia Irrigación, 11500 México D. F. *Phone: 57296000 Ext. 67749, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Breast cancer is the first cause of death in women worldwide. In the

treatment of this disease by chemotherapy, nanomedicine offers the possibility to direct

the anticancer agents to their site of action, reducing the secondary effects of the treatment

by the use of drug- delivery systems. For this purpose, polymeric nanoparticles offer

different advantages: they are able to incorporate drugs of a polar or non-polar nature and it

is possible to modulate their characteristics like size and charge. Clinical evidence of the

biology of human solid tumors indicate that drug delivery systems with diameters equal

or lower than 50 nm may be more efficient and increase the therapeutic response of the

patients [1]. In this work, we synthesized two nanoparticulated drug-delivery systems

based on gelatin type A; to latter incorporate in them polar or non-polar anticancer

agents, looking to obtain nanoparticles with diameters lower than 50 nm. We use gelatin

type A because it is biodegradable, bioactive, biocompatible, non-toxic and inexpensive.

This poly-ampholyte was crosslinked with 1,1’-carbonyldiimidazole, which is a zero-

length crosslinker that has the ability to condense carboxyl groups with primary amines

besides being biocompatible.

The two nanoparticulated systems where obtained either by the solvent displacement

method (to incorporate non-polar drugs) or by the inverse miniemulsion methodology (to

incorporate polar drugs). An experimental design was carried out for each methodology to

consider the effect of the amount of polymer and amount of crosslinking agent on the Z

potential, and hydrodynamic diameter of the obtained nanoparticles. In both cases, it was

possible to obtain polymeric nanoparticles with diameter values lower than 20 nm, with Z

potential values close to 0 mV. In both cases, a preferential ratio 2 to 1 of the amount of

polymer over the amount of crosslinking agent was observed. Future experiments will be

developed to incorporate in these systems different anticancer agents.

Keywords: Nanoencapsulation, Anticancer agents, Gelatin type A, Cancer, Inverse

Miniemulsion, Solvent displacement

Acknowledgment

This work was supported by the Secretaria de Investigación y Posgrado del Instituto

Politécnico Nacional and the National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT) through

the Cátedras CONACYT Program (Proyect Number 1728).

References [1] Danhier. F, Rev. Journal of Controlled Release, 244, 108-212.(2016).




Microencapsulation of CRL by dripping and jet break up

B. Guzmán Martinez*, J. Wang, R. Limas Ballesteros, and L. Alamilla Beltrán2

1Escuela Superior de Ingenieria Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional,

2Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Microencapsulación, Instituto Politécnico Nacional

Avenida Wilfrido Massieu s/n., esq. Manuel I. Stampa, 07738, Mexico City *Phone: +52 1-5557296000, ext: 54254, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Enzyme as an important group of biocatalyst is superior over

chemical catalyst because of its high effectiveness, high specificity, and green reaction

conditions. Among the enzymes applied in biocatalyst, lipase have been widely studied due

to their “interfacial activation” feature. The ubiquitous enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of

carboxylic acid esters to carboxylic acids and alcohols and the reactions of chemo-, regio-

and stereoselective esterification or transesterification under micro/non-aqueous conditions

in an efficient and specific way.

Lipase from Candida rugosa (CRL) was entrapped by dripping and jet break up of an aqueous mixture of sodium alginate (at different concetrations) and the biocatalyst to a

hardening solution of a Ca2+

salt. Effects of immobilization conditions such as alginate concentration, CaCl2 concentration, ratio by weight of enzyme to alginate (E/A) and bead

size on loading efficiency (percent of total enzyme entrapped) and immobilization yield (specific activity ratio of entrapped lipase to free lipase) were investigated. The immobilization efficiency was expressed by the amounts of enzyme bounded on supports of unite mass, and the amount of enzyme was determined by the Bradford method, using BSA as the standard.

The aim of this work was to develop experimental and prediction models for shape and size

of ca-alginate microbeads produced through extrusion-dripping method (250 to 500μm).

The relationship between the process variables on the shape and size of the alginate drops

before and after the gelation was established with the aid of image analysis. The results

show that a critical Ohnersorge number (Oh)> 0.24 was required to form spherical beads.

The shape transition of ca-alginate beads could be typically distinguished into three phases

along the collecting distance and it was affected by the combined influence of the solution

properties, the collecting distance and the drop size. In terms of bead size, the overall size

correction factor (K) which accounted for the liquid loss factor (kLF) and the shrinkage

factor (kSF), varied between 0.73 and 0.85 under the experimental conditions. The size

prediction model correlated well with the experimental data. The approach and the out-

come could be used as a model to develop prediction tools for similar bead production

systems. The optimum amount of lipase was 200 mg g−1

support, the optimal pH and

temperature for the catalyse condition of the immobilized CRL was 7.2 and 40 °C,

respectively. Moreover, the immobilized CRL kept the high activity at 77% after 12 times

of recycling for batch hydrolysis of Jathropha oil emulsion.

Keywords: microspheres/microcapsules, CRL inmobilized, biodiesel production




Acknowledgment

The authors would like to thank the CONACYT for providing financial support under

Fundamental Research Grant Scheme and the Laboratory of Cinvestav LANSE for technical

assistance. References

1. Chan, E.-S., Lee, B.-B., Pogaku, R., & Poncelet, D. (2009). Prediction models for shape and size

of ca–alginate macrobeads produced through extrusion-dripping method. Journal of Colloids and

Interface Science, 338, 63–72.

2. A.R.M. Yahya, W.A. Anderson, M. Moo-Young, Ester synthesis in lipase-catalyzed reactions,

Enzyme Microb. Technol. 23 (1998) 438–450.

3. K. Won, S. Kim, K.-J. Kim, H.W. Park, S.-J. Moon, Optimization of lipase entrapment in

Ca- alginate gel beads, Process Biochem. 40 (2005) 2149–2154.



Silver Nanoparticles AgNP´s as a treatment for soft rot disease in potato (Solanum tuberosum var. Alpha) grown

on forest soil

E.E. Morales-Irigoyen1*, M. O. Franco-Hernández1*, M.C. Gonzáles-Solis1, R. Cruz-Muñoz2, C.

Márquez3

1Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología (UPIBI-IPN),

Av. Acueducto s/n. Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, 07340, Ciudad de México, México. 2 Universidad Mexiquense del Bicentenario, Unidad de Estudios Superiores Tultitlán, Av. Ex Hacienda

de Portales s/n, Tultitlán, 54910, Estado de México, México. 3 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Química (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria,

CDMX, México.

* Phone: +52 57296000 , ext: 56324, e-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract: The potato (Solanum tuberosum L) is host of phytopathogenic strains as

Pectobacterium carotovorum (Pc), that causes soft rot and black leg diseases, resulting in

economic losses. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate silver nanoparticles

(AgNP´s), as treatment for soft rot disease in potato (Solanum tuberosum var. alpha)

grown on forest soil. The plants were sectioned in root, stem, leaves and tubers, until

analyses. The AgNP´s (1 mM) were synthesized, via the modified method of sodium

citrate reduction [1]. Colorimetric test, UV-VIS and SEM analyses confirmed the AgNP´s

synthesis, obtaining nanoparticles with a size of 4.5 to 5.5 nm. The potato plants were

protected using AgNP´s (100 mL) and subsequently inoculated with 50 mL of a

previously standardized 1.5 x108 UFC mL-1 Pc suspension. The soil analyses indicated

that the AgNP´s addition, decreased the soil acidity and nitrates concentration. According

to, inductively coupled plasma spectrometer analyses, the maximum Ag concentration´s

was detected in root. However, in all treatments, it concentration was less than the NOM-

147-SEMARNAT/SSA1-2004 [2] standard parameters, suggesting that, the further tubers

potato intake, will not cause negative effects on human health. In potato plants infested

with Pc, an adverse changes as undesirable odors, tissue destruction, soft rot and

bacterial exudation, were determined. In contrast to, plants protected using AgNP´s, in that

undesirable sigs, were not observed. This is according to, several authors have reported that

the AgNP´s shows the property to inhibit or eliminate phytopathogenic and pathogenic

strains as Colletotrichum gloesporioides, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi,

respectively [3, 4, 5]. Therefore, the AgNP´s are proposed as a treatment for combating plant

diseases as soft rot. However, more extensive toxicity studies are necessary to know the

absorption of AgNP´s in the human body.

Keywords: AgNP´s; phytopathogenic; Pectobacterium carotovorum; soft rot; potato

(Solanum tuberosum L.).





Acknowledgment

E.E. Morales-Irigoyen received grant in aid support from Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y

Tecnología (CONACYT, México). This work was supported by the Secretaría de Investigación y

Posgrado SIP-IPN, México [grant number projects 20170468, 20180132].

References

1. B. Ballarin, A. Mignani, F. Mogavero, S. Gabbanini, M. Morigi. App. Clay Sc., 114, 303–308 (2015).

2. NOM-147-SEMARNAT/SSA1-2004, Norma Oficial Mexicana (2004).

3. M. Aguilar, E. Martínez, A. Ortega, G. Cobián, Academia Mexicana de Investigación y

Docencia En Ingeniería Química, AMIDIQ, 1–6 (2010).

4. R. Guerra, E. Lima, M. Viniegra, A. Guzmán, V. Lara, V. Microporous and Mesoporous

Mater., 147(1), 267–273 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2011.06.031

5. R. Guerra, E. Lima, A. Guzmán, A. Microporus and Mesoporous Mater., 170, 62–66 (2013).



Lipase enzymes on graphene oxide support for high- efficiency reusable nanobiocatalysis of biodiesel

B. Guzmán Martinez*, J. Wang, R. Limas Ballesteros, and Lifang Chen 1Escuela Superior de Ingenieria Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional,

Avenida Wilfrido Massieu s/n., esq. Manuel I. Stampa, 07738, México City *Phone: +52 1-5557296000, ext: 54254, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Effective and highly selective catalysis by enzymes has led to widespread

use of enzymes in industrial processes, biomedical assays and detection technologies.

One of the most important enzymes is lipase, which is an inexpensive biocatalyst capable

of breaking down lipids with very important applications in the conversion of oil into fuel

(biodiesel). The main problem of enzymes is that they undergo denaturation. Here, we

demonstrate that stability and activity of the enzymes can be enhanced by their

immobilization on graphene oxide. In this study we report the use of functionalized

carbon-based nanomaterials, such as amine-functionalized graphene oxide (GO) by using

sieved graphite flakes (300-500 meshes) as the starting materials produced using an improved Hummers method without using NaNO3. This method decreases the cost and

environmental duty of GO production. This Hummers method for eco-friendly synthesis of

graphene oxide does not decrease the yield of product, eliminating the evolution of

NO2/N2O4 toxic gasses and simplifying the disposal of waste water because of the

inexistence of Na+ and NO3 ions, as effective immobilization supports for various

lipases and esterases of industrial interest.

Structural and biochemical characterization have revealed that the curvature of the

nanomaterial affect the immobilization yield, the catalytic behavior and the secondary

structure of enzymes. Infrared spectroscopy study indicates that the catalytic behavior of

the immobilized enzymes is correlated with their a-helical content. The covalently

immobilized enzymes exhibited comparable or even higher activity compared to the

physically adsorbed ones, while they presented higher operational stability. The enhanced

catalytic behavior observed for most of the hydrolases covalently immobilized on amine-

functionalized indicate that these functionalized nanomaterials are suitable for the

development of efficient nanobiocatalytic systems. We report the immobilization of

several lipases (LPP, CAL, JCL)of biotechnological interest on graphene oxide,

investigating the influence of carbon-based nanomaterials’ properties on the

immobilization efficiency, function and structure of enzymes. Enzymes were immobilized

on GO derivatives via two different methods: (1) physical adsorption and (2) covalent

linkage with amine functionalized carbon based nanomaterials. The resulting novel hybrid

biocatalysts were characterized by SEM, Confocal Ayriscan, X-ray photoelectron

spectroscopy (XPS). The biocatalytic characteristics of the immobilized enzymes

(synthesis activity, operational stability) were studied and the conformational changes of

enzymes upon immobilization in these carbon-based nanomaterials investí gated using

Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Compared with the free lipase, the

GO−lipase exhibits good pH, thermal, and storage stability, which are important in

practical applications.




Keywords: Graphene, lipase, nanobiocatalysis, biodiesel

Acknowledgment

The authors would like to thank the CONACYT for providing financial support under Support

scholarship 290786, Perkin Elmer Mexico, Center for Nanoscience Micro and Nanotechnologies

and the CINVESTAV IPN: Dr. Maria Lourdes Rojas of LANSE and Jaime Escobar for technical

assistance.

References

1. H. Bai, C. Li, G. Shi, Functional composite materials based on chemically converted graphene, Adv. Mater 23 (9) (2011) 1089e1115. 2. J. Chen, B. Yao, C. Li, et al., An improved Hummers method for eco-friendly synthesis of graphene oxide, Carbon 64 (2013) 225e229. 3. S. Pan, I.A. Aksay, Factors controlling the size of graphene oxide sheets produced via the graphite oxide route, ACS Nano 5 (5) (2011) 4073e4083. 4. X. Wang, H. Bai, G. Shi, Size fractionation of graphene oxide sheets by pH assisted selective sedimentation, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133 (16) (2011) 6338e6342.



Silver Nanoparticles Nanocarriers for Targeted Therapy on Breast Cancer: Effects of pH, maturation time and

Silver Nanoparticles Concentration

M.V. Robles-Botero1*, R.G. Casañas-Pimentel1,2, N. O. Gama-Castañeda1 and E. San Martin-

Martínez1 1 Center for Research in Applied Science and Advanced Technology, National Polytechnic

Institute, Legaria 694, 11200, Mexico City, Mexico 2 National Council for Science and Technology, Insurgentes Sur, 03940, Mexico City, Mexico


Abstract: In this work, we studied the effects of pH and silver nanoparticles

(AgNPs) concentration on silver nanoparticles nanocarriers (PEG-AgNPs), to get suitable

nanocarriers size for bioconjugation applications. To get AgNPs, we applied the poliol

method [1] so we can reduce silver from Ag+ to Ag0. The passive agent used was

polyethylenglycol.

AgNPs were placed in aqueous medium, stirred, irradiated by ultrasound, and, finally, the

mixture was centrifuged. After these procedures, we formed AgNPs nanocarriers (PEG-

AgNPs) by self-assembly. Different pH of the aqueous medium were studied. In

addition, we evaluated the influence of the concentration of AgNPs, in the aqueous

medium, on the hydrodynamic diameter of the PEG-AgNPs. It is of vital importance to study the stability of the nanocarrier, for this reason, we

evaluated maturation time conditions to obtain the desired size of nanocarrier, which is

necessary for its bioconjugation with the protein that will give our nanocarrier the active

targeting characteristic, essential for targeted therapy for breast cancer.

Keywords: silver nanoparticles; nanocarriers; breast cancer Acknowledgment SIP-IPN, CONACYT.

References

1. R. Casañas, V. Robles, E. San Martin, C. Gómez, J. Hinestroza, Journal of Biomaterial Science Polymer Edition. 27, 3 (2015).




Gold nanoparticles coated with modified chitosan for developing DNA carriers

P. Abrica-González1*, J.A. Zamora-Justo1, A. Muñoz-Diosdado, M.A. Ibáñez-Hernández2 and J.A.

Balderas-López1


City, Mexico 2 Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico


Abstract: Currently, the gold nanoparticles has been used succesfully as gene vehicle, this

is because its properties and characteristics inherent from the gold.The diseases that could

be treated by using gene therapy include since monogenetic hereditay diseases to

polygenetic and infections. The options in the genetic manipulation are too many and

include the adding and suppressing of gene. This work explores alternative means for gene

transference into the cells. A no viral method by using metallic nanoparticles

functionalized with organic polymers was performed. Particularly, gold nanoparticles

coated with modified chitosan were used in order to evaluate the plasmidic DNA

transfection eficency to cell culture (HEK-293). In addition, the physical and chemical

properties of gold nanocomposites were characterized using UV-Vis Spectroscopy,

Dynamic Light Scattering, Z Potential and Transmission Electron Microscopy. On the

other hand, the interaction between gold nanoparcicles and plasmidic DNA were

demonstrated by using agarose gel electrophoresis. The transfections were performed

where the β-galactosidase activity was evaluated, this reagent is the product of genetic

expression of the plasmidic DNA pSV-β- galactosidase with the histochemistry technique

using X-gal as substrate, a blue staining of the cells was observed and also with the

plasmid DNA fluorescence pIRES-2-EGFP. The cell culture was transfected and especially

the gold nanoparticles coated with modified chitosan obtained percentages of transfection

greater than the positive control (Lipofectamine). The percentage of transfection obtained

with modified chitosan coating was greater than 70%. It was demonstrated that the size of

gold nanoparticles with modified chitosan, their relationship between charges and

their morphology, are factors that influence the efficiency of cellular transfection of

plasmid DNA, obtaining the highest percentage of transfection with acylated chitosan [1,2].

Keywords: Gene therapy, gold nanoparticles, chitosan, transfection Acknowledgment

Research supported by IPN, SIP, COFAA and CONACyT México. References

1. K.C. Remant-Bahadur, B. Thapa and N. Bhattarai, Nanotechnol Rev. 3(2):269-280 (2014) 2. J.A. Balderas-López, A. Mandelis, J García, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 71, 2933 (2000).




Recovery of motor functions in a rotenone-treated rat model after releasing dopamine from titanium dioxide

matrix implants

M. Gómez-Chavarín1,2*, G. Prado-Prone3, Ramirez-Santos J.2, J. A. García-Macedo3 and G. Gutiérrez

Ospina2. 1Dept. Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, 2Dept. Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de

Investigaciones Biomédicas. 3Dept de Estado Sólido, Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional

Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria No. 3000, C.P. 04360, Ciudad de México, México.

Abstract: Motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD) are, in part, due to the

depletion of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) in the caudate nucleus (CN) of the brain.

Insufficient availability of DA follows the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia

nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Treatment with L-DOPA, a precursor of dopamine, partly

restores motor function in PD patients. However, this treatment requires the remaining

nigral dopaminergic neurons to be able to synthesize DA. Since these neurons die

progressively as the disease advances, L-DOPA becomes increasingly ineffective in

attenuating motor symptoms in patients. It is then needed to develop a way to provide DA

to the CN. Unfortunately, DA is oxidized rapidly after being released, a process that

renders it biologically inactive if provided chronically with no protection. Hence, in this

work we developed and tested in vivo a semi-nanocrystalline matrix of titanium dioxide

(TiO2) as a mean to release chronically DA into the CN while avoiding its oxidation. The

TiO2 matrices were synthesized by the sol-gel method (1) and their potential to prevent DA

oxidation was confirmed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The atomic

structure of matrices was analyzed by means of high resolution transmission electron

microscopy (HRTEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. To perform in vivo studies,

male Wistar rats received s.c. rotenone 1 mg/kg for 21 days or 100 μl of vehicle

(DMSO:PEG [1:1)]. After treatment, the presence of parkinsonian motor symptoms in

lesioned rats was identified through video recorder of the motor coordination test and the

latency (sec) of execution scored. Rats with motor deficiencies were implanted in the CN

with TiO2 or TiO2/DA by stereotaxic surgery, one and two months later they were newly

evaluated in the motor coordination test. The presence of dopaminergic neurons in the

SNpc was verified using tyrosine hydroxylase immuno-positive and cresyl violet. To

assessed whether TiO2 and TiO2/DA increased DA availability in implanted rats, after 15th

and 30th days the CN were withdraw, the tissue samples were homogenized and the

supernatant was collected to determinate by HPLC the concentration of DA released from

the implant TiO2 /DA complex and lipid peroxidation in a ELISA assay. All the results are

presented as mean values + SEM and compared by one-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc

Tukey´s multiple comparison tests, differences were considered significant if p <0.01. Our

results support that TiO2 developed matrices constitutes an effective device to release

chronically biologically active DA into DA-depleted CN.

Keywords: Parkinson’s disease; dopamine; titanium dioxide; rotenone.



Acknowledgment

Authors thank to J. Ramírez, R. Reyes, R. Hernández, D. Quiterio and I. More, for

technical and administrative support during the execution of the present work. This project

was partly supported by the Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional

Autónoma de México, CONACyT scholarship 443935, CONACyT 179607, PAPIIT IN

113917, SECITI 060/2016.

References

1. Puetz J, Aegerter MA. Sol-Gel Technologies for Glass Producers and Users. 2004. 37-48 p.



Treatments with silver and silver-gold nanoparticles can be used for controlling Xanthomonas fragariae in

strawberry

J.C. Ibarra-Arán1*, E. Rodríguez1 and D. Rodríguez2 1Instituto Politécnico Nacional – Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada,

Km 14.5 Carretera Tampico-Puerto Industrial Altamira, Tamaulipas, ZC 89600, México. 2Investigación Aplicada, Driscoll’s México, Moctezuma Av. 144, 1st floor, Ciudad del Sol, Zapopan,

Jalisco, ZC 45050, México. *Phone: +52 1-833 260 0124, Ext: 87506, mobile phone: +52 1 833 379 2258, e-mail:

[email protected]

Abstract: The aim of this work was the in vitro evaluation of the bactericidal effect

of silver (AgNPs@SiO2) and silver-gold (Ag-AuNPs@SiO2) nanoparticles coated with

silicon dioxide on Xanthomonas fragariae. This phytopathogenic bacterium is the cause of

the angular leaf spot in strawberry, an agricultural disease with worldwide importance

because one of its effects is the decrease of the fruit yield. The AgNPs@SiO2 and Ag-

AuNPs@SiO2 were obtained by combining laser ablation and chemical synthesis.

Nanoparticles were structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission

electron microscopy (MET), the optical characterization was performed with UV-Vis

spectrophotometry and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Electrophoresis was used to

measure the ζ potential of bacteria and nanoparticles. The growth curve of X. fragariae

was determined. Treatments consisting of nanoparticles were applied to the bacterium in

its exponential growth phase. The mixture was irradiated with led light emitting in the

wavelength (λ) range where nanoparticles absorbance takes place and it was possible to

detonate the surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Parameters such as nanoparticles

concentration, wavelength, power and time of the irradiation were studied. Measurement

of the bactericidal effect was performed by counting viable cells (%CFU/mL) that grew

after the treatments. The results showed that the minimum bactericidal concentration

(MBC) at 60 minutes of irradiation with λ410 was ≈ 6.5 X 1016 of AgNPs@SiO2 L-1 and

for λ511 was ≈ 1.7 X 1017 of Ag-AuNPs@SiO2 L-1. It also demonstrated that it is

possible to decrease the nanoparticles concentration and it will be possible to achieve

the bactericidal effect as a consequence of prolonging the irradiation time and/or the

power of the irradiation source. It is concluded that the MBC found can be used as initial

dose for in vivo treatments or try with other phytopatogen such as fungi or viruses with

economic importance in agriculture.

Keywords: Xanthomonas fragariae; surface plasmon resonance; bactericidal; silver

nanoparticles; silver- gold nanoparticles, led light.




Acknowledgments

Authors wish to acknowledge to Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) for the scholarship 290935 and basic science project CB183728. Also thanks to Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado (SIP) for projects 20141409, 20151327, 20160171 and BEIFI scholarship. Finally, we express our gratitude to Driscoll´s that allowed to develop the biological experiments in its phytopathology laboratory.

References

1. Ibarra-Arán, J.C., et al., MRS Adv. 2, 49 (2017).

2. González-Castillo, J.R., et al., Nanoscale Res Lett. 10,1 (2015).



Nanofibers of pharmacological application for the treatment of skin lesions

N.O. Gama1*, E. San Martin1 and R.G. Casañas2

1Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Legaria 694, Colonia Irrigación, 11500, Ciudad de México.

2CONACYT - Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Legaria 694, Colonia Irrigación, 11500, Ciudad de México.


Abstract: The skin is a barrier that allow us interact with the environment in a

controlled way. When it suffers damage, the tissue is exposed to factors that can affect its

integrity. Pathogenic microorganisms can produce infections and resistance some

antibiotics if wounds are not attended appropriately [1]. Lesions are treated mainly local

way and through dressings. By means of electrospinning technique have been developed

some dressings conformed by polymeric nanofibers (nanometric scale fibers) that contain

drugs. Use of dressings have advantages in compare to conventional dosage ways as

increase in therapeutic efficiency and reduce toxicity by drug delivery to controlled

velocity and in situ. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a biocompatible and biodegradable

polymer, used to develop nanofibers contained drugs as antibiotics and analgesics to

treat several skin wounds (burns, infections and more), without altering its

chemical proprieties [2]. Nanofiber dressings offer physical protection to wounds and

they prevent external affectations. In fact, wounds can be treated to direct way through

controlled drug delivery, since the antibiotic attend local infections treat and with the

analgesic it can pain decrease and wounds inflammation. For that reason, in the project was

developed a PVA nanofiber dressings through electrospinning, that contain gentamicin

(wide spectrum antibiotic) and diclofenac (analgesic and anti-inflammatory) to treat

different skin wounds. For dressings development, it was implemented an experimental

design, fractional factorial 25-2. In that design, the nanofibers average diameter (230 nm)

was evaluated and characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Through high

performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was evaluated, gentamicin and diclofenac

incorporation in nanofibers. In the test, the drugs interacted in nanofibers showing a

retention time to 3.10 minutes in chromatograms to each drug. Finally, an antimicrobial

susceptibility test was made, to check, the gentamicin effectivity with two bacterial

strains, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. A dressing sample was analyzed by a

disk diffusion test, where it was showed that the antibiotic had bactericidal activity in

both strains.

Keywords: skin lesions; antibiotic; nanofibers; PVA; electrospinning. Acknowledgment: This work was supported by the Secretaria de Investigación y Posgrado del

Instituto Politécnico Nacional.

References

[1] Heunis, T. D. J., & Dicks, L. M. T. BioMed Research International. (2010). [2] Langer, R.

Accounts of chemical research, 26(10), 537-542. (1993).




Effects of ultrasonic treatment on reduced graphene oxide

G. Bobadilla-Barrón1, G. Rueda-Morales

2*, G. Ortega Cervantez

2, A. I. Díaz Cano

1 and J. Ortiz-López

2

1UPIITA-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México 07738, 2ESFM-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México 07738


Abstract: Based on the effect caused by the high-power ultrasonic treatment in the

production of graphene oxide in aqueous solution [1], in this work we study the changes

that take place using different times of ultrasonic treatment to solutions of reduced

graphene oxide in SDS aqueous suspension. The characterization of its structural and

optical properties are studied according to the time of exposure to the ultrasonic treatment,

by photoluminescence and infrared spectroscopy.

Keywords: reduced graphene oxide; ultrasound; photoluminescence; Acknowledgment: GRM, GOC and JOL thanks EDI-IPN and COFAA-IPN for support through academic

fellowships.

References

1. P. Pérez-Martínez, J. M. Galvan-Miyoshi, J. Ortiz-López, J. Mater Sci. 51, 10782, (2016).




Experimental observation of Fano Resonances in Cu nanostructures obtained by thermal evaporation

E.Vigueras Santiago*1, S. Hernández López1, G. Nute Castañeda1, J. A. Reyes Esqueda2 and D.

Solís Casados3

1Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Materiales Avanzados, Universidad Autónoma del

Estado de México, Paseo Colón Esquina Paseo Tollocan S/N, Toluca, Estado de México, 50120,

México. 2Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Cd. Mx 04510, México.

3Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-

Atlacomulco km 14.5 Toluca, Estado de México, 50200, México. *Phone: +52 1-7222175109, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: In this work, electrically conductive and translucent layers of copper were

obtained by thermal evaporation at two different vacuum pressures, 10-6 and 10-3 Torr. Copper deposits were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Electronic Scanning Microscopy

and by UV-Vis spectroscopy. XPS characterization of copper deposited on glass substrates and

exposed to the environment, evidenced semispherical nanostructures covered by a thin layer of cupric

oxide. The size and symmetry of the nanostructures depend on the evaporation pressure and affect

their optical properties. The surface plasmon of copper nanoparticles was not observed, instead of

that, there was light transmission at the expected wavelength of the surface plasmon, possibly due to

the coherent coupling between copper’ssurface plasmon and scattering of light from the intrinsic

cupric oxide, which agrees very well with Fano resonances model [1].

Keywords: Thermal evaporation; Copper; Fano resonances; Nanostructures

Acknowledgment

The authors acknowledge financial support from: UAEM 4314/2017/CL, PIIF-3, PAPIIT-UNAM

IN117116 and CCIQS UAEM-UNAM EV2015-3, We also thank the Central Microscopy Laboratory

of the Physics Institute of the UNAM, especially Dr. Carlos Magaña and Arch. Diego Quiterio Vargas

for the scanning electron microscopy analysis. References

1. Y. Tsuchimoto,T. Yano, T. Hayashi, M. Hara, Opt. Express 14451, 24 (2016).




Development of heterojunction of semiconductor polymer MEH-PPV with a MWCNT sponge matrix

M.A. López Carrillo*, G. Ortega Cervantez, G.L. Rueda Morales and J. Ortiz López

Instituto Politécnico Nacional – ESFM, Grupo de Física del Estado Sólido, A.P.A.L.M. Col.

Lindavista, G.A.M. Ciudad de México, 07738, México *Phone: +52 57296000, ext: 55375, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Efficient charge transfer is a fundamental property on conjugated

polymer based photovoltaics devices. Hence, improvement in exciton separation is of great

importance. Poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV)

exhibits a considerable difference between holes and electron mobilities, so it is usually

blended with high electron mobility materials such as carbon nanotubes [1]. In order to

achieve balanced mobilities and an efficient exciton separation, bulk heterojunctions were

made from MEH-PPV and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) sponges trough covalent

and non-covalent functionalization of the MWCNT. The sponges were synthesized by

microwave irradiation of a combination of graphite powder and metallic acetates, the

sponges obtained contain MWCNT with diameters between 50-60 nm. The MEH-PPV was

dissolved in toluene and dripped onto the carbon nanotube sponges to form the

heterojunctions. Adhesion of the polymer to the MWCNT'S sidewalls was observed by

scanning electron microscopy (SEM) causing an apparent increase in the diameters of the

nanotubes ranging from 90-100 nm. In the other hand, a decrease of seven orders of

magnitude in the electrical resistivity by means of four-terminal sensing and

photoluminescence quenching was observed compared to MEH-PPV thin films which

exhibits electron transfer between MEH-PPV and MWCNT.

Keywords: Multiwall carbon nanotube; MEH-PPV; covalent functionalization; non-

covalent functionalization; PL quenching. Acknowledgment We acknowledge PIFI-IPN for BEIFI schoolarship and SIP-IPN for partial support through project number SIP-20180559. References 1. M. Bansal , R. Srivastava , C. Lal , M.N. Kamalasanan, L.S. Tanwar, J. Exp. Nanosci. 5, 5 (2010).




Systemic delivery and activation of the TRAIL gene in lungs, with magnetic nanoparticles of chitosan controlled

by an external magnetic field

C.A. Alvizo-Báez1*, I.E. Luna-Cruz1, C. Rodríguez-Padilla1 and J.M. Alcocer-González1

1 Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas de la Universidad Autónoma De Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los

Garza, N. L. México, C.P. 66450

Departamento de Inmunología y Virología. *811556978, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Recently, functional therapies targeting a specific organ without affecting

normal tissues have been designed. Previously, we demonstrated that nanocarriers based on

magnetic nanoparticles could be directed and retained in the lungs, with their gene

expression under the control of a promoter activated by a magnetic field [1]. The ideal

anticancer therapies are those that can selectively kill cancer cells without affecting healthy

cells. TRAIL is an example of a molecule that selectively kills malignant cells, but not

normal cells. In 1995, Wiley et al demonstrated that recombinant, soluble TRAIL (or

Apo2L) possessed the unique ability to induce apoptosis in a range of tumor cell lines,

while having little cytotoxicity against normal cells and tissues [2]. Many researchers

have described magnetofection methods where they modified the surface of iron oxide-

based nanoparticles to increase transfection efficiency and reduce cytotoxicity. To achieve

this, some investigators selected coating agents, such as chitosan [3]. In 1995, Mumper

et al., [4] were the first group to propose the use of chitosan as a DNA carrier. The

cationic properties of chitosan, together with its biocompatibility, make it attractive as an

alternative biocompatible gene-delivery system [5]. Magnetic nanoparticles containing the

TRAIL gene and chitosan were constructed using the ionic gelation method as a nanosystem

for magnetofection and were characterized by microscopies, ζ-potential, and retention

analysis. Then nanoparticles were transfected in the melanoma cell line B16F10. Also

nanoparticles were injected through the tail vein into mouse to be directed to the lungs to

cause apoptosis in tumoral cells. Magnetofection in vitro induced TRAIL-protein

expression and was associated with morphological changes indicative of apoptosis.

Systemic administration of the nanosystem in the tail vein of mice with melanoma B16F10

at the lungs produced a very significant increase in apoptosis in tumoral cells that

correlated with the number of melanoma tumor foci observed in the lungs. The high levels

of apoptosis detected in the lungs were partially related to mouse survival. The data

presented demonstrate that the magnetofection nanosystem described here efficiently

induces apoptosis and growth inhibition of melanoma B16F10 in the lungs.

Keywords: Magnetic nanoparticles; TRAIL; apoptosis; chitosan.




Acknowledgment

We acknowledge Conacyt for providing the funds to do this investigation.

References

1. C.A. Alvizo-Báez, I.E. Luna-Cruz, C. Rodríguez-Padilla, J.M. Alcocer-González. Magnetic

nanoparticles of chitosan for targeted delivery system of plasmids to the lungs. J

Nanotechnol. 2014:313415 (2014). 2. S.R. Wiley, K. Schooley , P.J. Smolak, et al. Identification and characterization of a new member of the TNF family that induces apoptosis. Immunity. 3:673–682 (1995).

3. M. Hashimoto and Y. Hisano. Directional gene-transfer into the brain by an adenoviral vector

tagged with magnetic nanoparticles. J Neurosci Methods. 194:316–320 (2011).

4. R.J. Mumper, J.J. Wang, J.M. Claspell, et al. Novel polymeric condensing carriers for gene

delivery. Proc Int Symp Controlled Release Bioact Mater. 22:178–179 (1995)

5. K. Roy, H.Q. Mao, S.K. Huang, K.W. Leong. Oral gene delivery with chitosan-DNA

nanoparticles generates immunologic protection in a murine model of peanut allergy. Nat Med.

4:387–391 (1999).



Persistence microencapsulated formulation of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana in the

control of Tobacco Budworm Heliothis virescens

C.García-Gutiérrez1*, L.A. Manzanarez-Jiménez1, and J.A. Chavez-Medina2

1CIIDIR Unidad Sinaloa, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes 250, Guasave,

Sinaloa, CP 81101, México. 2Departamento de Biotecnología Agricola

*Phone: 687 8729626 ext: 87665, e-mail: [email protected]. [email protected]

Abstract: Entomopathogenic fungi cause premature death in insects through

adhesion and recognition mechanisms, including the production of hydrolytic enzymes

(Inglis et al. 2012). In entomopathogens, an infective and a parasitic form is identified,

the first occurs in the environment and the second in the host. The fungi Beauveria

bassiana (Viull) and Metarhizium anisopliae (Sorokin) are used in the biological control

of agricultural pests. The most commonly used formulations for these fungi include

wettable powders, granules and emulsifiable concentrates. In the formulations there are

two main components, the fungus as insecticide active ingredient and the adjuvants to

increase the persistence of infective conidia, with the aim of increasing their bioinsecticide

effect (Jaronsky and Mascarin 2017). In this work will be evaluate the persistence of

microencapsulated formulations of B. bassiana and M. anisopliae recover from fruit,

leaves and soil samples after several microencapsulates field applications against fruit

tomato larvae H. virescens. The methodology includes the selection of strains based on its

growth rate and sporulation to produce microcapsules (100-200 µm) by spray drying,

mixing conidia of both fungi with biopolymers adjuvants for their application on tomato

plants, artificially infected with larvae of H. virescens. The measurement of fungi

persistence will be evaluated at 24, 48 and 72 hours by sampling the sprayed foliage and

dead larvae, by molecular analysis and fluorescence microscopy, taking as reference the

insecticide activity (LD50 and TL50) for its use as a possible bioinsecticide.

Keywords: Persistence; Microcapsules; Entomopathogenic fungi

References

1. Inglis, G.D., Enkerli, J. Goettel, M.S, Laboratory techniques used for entomopathogenic fungi:

Hypocreales. In L. Lacey, ed. Manual of techniques in invertebrate pathology. Washington D.C.,

pp. 189–253 (2012).

2. Jaronsky, S.T. and Mascarin, G.M, Mass Production of Fungal Entomopathogens. In L. A. Lacey,

ed. Microbial Control of Insect and Mite Pests From Theory to Practice. Academic Press is an

imprint of Elsevier, pp. 141–152 (2017).





Use and therapeutic application of Nanocarriers (Smart Drugs) to prevention and remediation of Cardiovascular

Diseases

J. M. Velez a, J. J. Velez b.

a Escuela Superior de Medicina del IPN, Ciudad de México, 11340, Mexico. b Facultad de

Ciencias de la UNAM, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico. Email: [email protected];

[email protected]

Abstract: This work focuses on the potential of nanotechnology in nanomedicine,

mainly cardiovascular pharmacology discipline, including the highlight rational approaches

in design, manufacturing, development, and applications of nanodevices (smart drugs)

containing nanoparticles that acts as nanocarriers to controlled and direct for site-specific

targeted smart drug delivery into human body using artificial receptors, and unique

nanoparticle systems for diagnostics, screening, medical imaging, prevention, and

correction of cardiovascular pathologies therapy after administration routes.

We purpose is offer the most efficient the development pathways for nanomedicine is to

merge biomolecular and cellular techniques, tools and method with the nanotechnology

knowledge base, as it specifically relates to the development of nanoparticles for enabling

and improving targeted delivery of the therapeutic agents; developing novel and more

effective diagnostic and screening techniques to extend the limits of molecular diagnostics

providing point-of-care diagnosis and more personalized medicine.

Keywords: Nanocarriers, Smart drugs, Cardiovascular diseases, Nanomedicine. Acknowledgment Use this section for the acknowledgment such as the economic supporting, scholarships, etc.

References 1. Emerich DF, Thanos CG. Nanotechnology and medicine. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2003;3:655–663. 2. Sahoo SK, Labhasetwar V. Nanotech approaches to drug delivery and imaging. Drug Discov Today. 2003;8:1112–1120. 3. Sahoo SK, Parveen S, Panda JJ. The present and future of nanotechnology in human health care. Nanomed Nanotechnol Biol Med. 2007;3(1):20–31. 4. Whitesides GM. The drightT size in nanobiotechnology. Nat Biotechnol. 2003;21:1161–1165.





Preliminary study of the thermal oxidation of copper nanostructures by thermogravimetry

E. Vigueras Santiago*1, S. Hernández López1, G. Nute Castañeda1, E. Velarde -Granados1 and M.

Camacho-López1

1Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Materiales Avanzados, Universidad Autónoma del

Estado de México, Paseo Colón Esquina Paseo Tollocan S/N, Toluca, Estado de México, 50120,

México. *Phone: +52 1-7222175109, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: In this work, the thermal oxidation of copper nanostructures obtained by

evaporation through thermogravimetry and Raman spectroscopy was studied. The

results show that the thermal oxidation is influenced by the evaporation conditions, which

determines the morphology and size of the particles, as well as the thermal treatment

atmosphere. It is observed that oxidation in nitrogen atmosphere containing oxygen in

quantities less than or equal to 20ppm starts at 400 ° C while in oxidizing atmosphere it

occurs at 200 ° C. In an oxygen atmosphere, two oxidation stages are observed. The gain in

weight obtained in isothermal treatments at both 200°C and 400°C is 12 and 14%,

respectively. By Raman spectroscopy it was determined that the nanostructures treated at

200°C are in the Cu2O phase, while the samples treated at 400°C exhibit a combination of

phases. It is shown that thermogravimetry analyzes are useful for the study of metal oxide

formation in nanostructured materials.

Keywords: Thermal evaporation; Copper; Raman; Nanostructures; DSC; TGA Acknowledgment The authors acknowledge financial support from: UAEM 4314/2017/CL, PIIF-3, and CCIQS UAEM-

UNAM EV2015-3, We also thank the Central Microscopy Laboratory of the Physics Institute of the

UNAM, especially Dr. Carlos Magaña and Arch. Diego Quiterio Vargas for the scanning electron

microscopy analysis.




Optimization of the magnetite nanoparticle synthesis by factorial design

G.S. Aguilar-Moreno1*, M. Aguilar-Méndez1, and T. Espinosa-Solares2 1Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional.

Legaria 694, Colonia Irrigación, Ciudad de México, C. P. 11500, México. 2Universidad Autónoma Chapingo. Carretera México-Texcoco km 38.5, Texcoco, México, C. P. 56230,

México. *Phone: +52 1-5951219645, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: The main advances in the field of nanotechnology have expanded the

appearance of new materials, as is the case of magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) [1], which are

among the most used due to their unique electrical, physical, chemical, and magnetic

properties [2]. Within this type of NPs, those of iron oxides have attracted the most

attention due to the fact that they are non-toxic, biodegradable, and low cost [3]. However,

although there have been numerous investigations into its synthesis, the simultaneous

control of its shape, size, stability, biocompatibility, and magnetic properties remains an

important challenge [1, 4, 5]. Therefore, the objective of this research is to determine the

influence of the concentration of precursors and passivating, dissolution temperature, and

sonication time on the size of magnetite nanoparticles. For the synthesis of NPs, the

methodology proposed by Abdullah et al. (2017) was used, with some modifications. The

study factors were concentrations (of precursors and passivating), sonication time and

dissolution temperatures, which varied according to the fractional factorial experimental

design 25-2 with two replications. The response variables studied were size, hydrodynamic

diameter (DH), z potential, and UV-vis. To determine the synthesis factors that have

significant influence on the variables studied, an analysis of variance and response surface

graphs were made, both with the Design-Expert statistical package. According to the

analysis of variance, the factors that had a significant effect on DH were the dissolution

temperature of precursors and the concentration of the passivant. The smallest DH (49.5

nm) was obtained with the highest concentration of passivant and lower dissolution

temperature of precursors. Regarding the potential Z, no significant effect of any of the

factors was observed; however, the most stable NPs (21.22 mV) were those of the

treatment with the lowest DH. The transmission electron microscopy, carried out with this

same treatment, showed that the average size of the NPs is 4.1 nm. In conclusion, it was

obtained smaller nanoparticles than those reported with the same methodology, so these

synthesis conditions are a viable option, not only for its low cost, but because it allows the

generation of small, homogeneous and stable particles.

Keywords: fractional factorial experimental; co-precipitation; passivating.

Acknowledgment

To the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) for the support granted corresponding to the master's scholarship.




References

1. N.H. Abdullaha, K. Shamelia, E.C. Abdullaha, L.C. Abdullahb, Chinese Chemical Letters 28,1590-1596 (2017). 2. J. Lodhia, G. Mandarano, N.J. Ferris, P. Eu, S. Cowell, Biomedical Imaging and Intervention

Journal 6(2), e12 (2010).

3. A. Hosseini, H. Akbarzadeh, R. Tayebee, Journal of Molecular Liquids 254, 64-69 (2018). 4. W. Wu, Q. He, C. Jiang, Nanoscale Research Letters 3(11), 397-415 (2008).

5. S. Laurent, D. Forge, M. Port, A. Roch, C. Robic, L.V. Elst, R.L. Muller, Chemical Review 108(6),

2064-2110 (2008).



Radioesterilized porcine skin impregnated with silver nanoparticles as scaffold for the transplant of

mesenchymal stem cells and prevention of wound infection in deep burns

M.A. Pérez-Díaz1*, P. Silva-Bermudez2, M.I. Baeza-Ramírez1, M.E. Martínez-Pardo4, C. Velasquillo-

Martínez2, G. Martínez-Castañón3, F. Martínez-Gutierrez3 and R. Sánchez-Sánchez2

1 Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, IPN, México 2 Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, México. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares,

México. 3 Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, México.

4Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, México. *Phone: +52 4441899196, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: The loss of skin integrity allows the colonization of planktonic bacteria

and promotes the development of biofilm. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) represent a good

option as topical bactericidal agents to prevent locally infected wounds. Adipose-derived

mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSC) have the capability to differentiate into dermal cells,

secrete IL-10 and release different growth factors involved in adequate wound healing

processes. Finally, radioesterilized porcine skin (RPS) has been used in burned patients

because it decreases massive loss of water and risk of infection. AgNPs was

performed by chemical reduction. RPS was impregnated at 125, 250, 500 and 1000 ppm

of AgNPs. Electron-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were performed to measure the amount

of Ag in the RPS-AgNPs. Ag release from RPS-AgNPs was quantified by atomic

absorption and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The antibacterial effect was assessed by minimum

inhibitory concentration, Kirby-Bauer's assays and the model of biofilm in colony.

ADMSCs were seeding onto RPS and RPS-AgNPs to determine viability and proliferation.

Pseudospherical AgNPs of 13.03 ± 1.65 nm and a Z potential of -38 ± 8 mV were

synthesized. SEM micrographs showed that AgNPs was not completely homogeneous and

the nanoparticles seemed to concentrate on the rougher areas. EDX showed that the

average atomic percentage of Ag in RPS-AgNPs was directly proportional to the

concentration of the AgNPs (0.59 ± 0.28 to 5.65 ± 3.84). Silver release from RPS-AgNPs-

125 was below of the range of detection for UV–Vis and AAS. Silver release corresponded

to ≈ 0.7 (1.4), 4.1 (4.6) and 13.5 (12.8) ppm as measured from AAS (UV–Vis

spectroscopy), respectively for AgNPs-RPS-250, 500 and 1000. S. aureus and S.

maltophilia were isolated from burned patients. Microbiological analysis showed inhibition

of multiresistant strains at low concentrations in suspension (< 7 ppm). RPS-AgNPs

showed limited AgNPs release on Kirby- Bauer (8 to 11 mm diameter) and a total

inhibition of biofilm formation at 250 ppm for Gram - and 1000 ppm for Gram +. ADMSC

cultured on RPS-AgNPs (125, 250, 500 and 1000 ppm) showed viability percentages equal

to 84, 74, 60 and 6%, respectively. ADMSC showed proliferation on RPS since culture

day 1. The RPS-AgNPs-125 and 250 ppm showed a slight increment in the number of

cells. This results suggest the feasibility of the use of this construct (RPS-AgNPs-ADMSC)

in the treatment of deep burns, for which it is necessary to apply it first in an animal model




to evaluate its behavior.

Keywords: Silver nanoparticles, Mesenchymal stem cells, Radioesterilized porcine skin

Acknowledgment

To CONACYT projects numbers 262103 and 262404 and scholarship from CONACYT (Ph.D. scholarship 293230).

References

1. Kym D, Yim H, Yoon J, Yang HT, Cho YS, Hur J, Chun W, Kim JH , Wound Repair Regen. 23,

3 (2015). 2. Pérez MA, Boegli L, James G, Velasquillo C, Sánchez R, Martínez RE, Mater Sci Eng C. 55

(2015).



Sensing of solvents with conductive polymeric bio- composites based on linseed oil and carbon nanotubes

E. Dehonor Márquez1,2,* S. Hernández López2, E.Vigueras Santiago2, R. López Ramírez3

1Student of Materials Science Program of the Faculty of Chemistry, UAEM, Paseo Colón S/N,

Residencial Colón, Toluca, 50120, México. 2LIDMA, Faculty of Chemistry, UAEM, Building D, Rosedal Unit, Km 14.5 Toluca-Atlacomulco

road, San Cayetano, Toluca, Zip 50925, México. 3Technician of Superior Studies of Jocotitlán. Km 44.8 Toluca-Atlacomulco road, Ejido de San

Juan and San Agustin, Jocotitlán, Zip 50700, México. *Phone: +52 1-722 405 08 55, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Nowadays, the pollution caused by oil derivatives and their depletion

have led to numerous investigations in the search for alternative materials. In this context,

Linseed oil is susceptible to be functionalized with epoxy rings or hydroxyl groups, to be

used later as polymerizable monomers [1]. The epoxy resins could be used as matrices in

conductive polymeric bio-composites (CPC), presenting promising electrical properties in

the sensing area. The objective of the present work is to analyze the influence of the

composition on polymeric matrix in the detection of solvents, by mixing epoxidized

linseed vegetable oils (ELO) and functionalized with xylitol (XELO) in different

proportions [2]. The sensing was carried out with bio-composites with carbon nanotubes

(CNT) content of 0.5% and 1% w/w, considering the mixtures in molar ratios 1:0, 4:1 and

1:1 (mixture A, B and C, respectively) of the oils as matrices and with the polymerization of

all of them as close as 100%, monitored through FTIR. The behavior sensing of the

composites for equal amounts of solvents (60 μL), with different polarities (methanol,

ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, chloroform and toluene), is affected with

the increase of XELO in the matrix, since by increasing the content of this, the

compounds increase their sensitivity to polar solvents, specifically methanol. The sensing

experiments were carried out under the same condition s (air flow, time, number of pulses

and volume of solvent) simultaneously with compounds containing each of the matrices

and the same amount of NTCMP, due to the fact that performed simultaneously by means

of a sample holder designed in the LIDMA to contai n three sensors in a single sensing

chamber.

Keywords: Vegetal Oils; Solvent Sensing; Conductive Polymeric Bio-composites; Carbon

Nanotubes.

Acknowledgment To the UAEMex for the project with number SHL2017. To M. C. Nieves Zavala Segovia and to Dr. Gerardo Villa Sanchez for the analysis of MNR spectroscopy and SEM respectively. To CONACyT for the doctorate scholarship granted. References [1] C. Zhang, T. F. Garrison, S. A. Madbouly, and M. R. Kessler, Prog. Polym. Sci. 71, pp. 91 (2017). [2] E. Albarrán-Preza, D. Corona-Becerril, E. Vigueras-Santiago, and S. Hernández-López,

Eur. Polym. J. 75, 539 (2016).




New Cationic Lipid Forming Nanoliposomes to Transfer Genes to Eukaryotic Cells without Toxicity

Diana Marcela Bravo Estupiñan1, Ernesto Alarcón Hernández2 and Miguel Ibáñez Hernández1

1Lab. of Gene Therapy and 2Lab. of Molecular Genetics of the Department of Biochemistry of the

National School of Biological Sciences of the National Polytechnic Institute. Carpio and Plan de

Ayala. Col. Sto Tomás. Miguel Hidalgo Delegation. Mexico City Mexico. 1Phone: +52 1-5557296300, ext: 62592, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: The development of molecular techniques has had a considerable impact in

medicine and health sciences, mainly in the development of systems for therapy and diagnosis,

based on nanoscience and nanotechnology, developing precise, reproducible and low-cost

methods for the obtaining of micrometric and nanometric scale structures, focusing on the

study of biotransporters that increase cellular biocompatibility, as in gene therapy (TG), which

is a therapeutic strategy based on the modification of the genetic repertoire of cells through

administration of nucleic acids (transfection). TG requires genetic vehicles that must be

biocompatible, non-toxic, effective and organ specific. The design of the genetic vehicles

implies innovative and promising methodologies for the cure of genetic diseases in a safe way.

The aim of this work was to design and synthesize a new cationic lipid derived from molecules

that are naturally found in cells, to be used in the transfer of genetic material with

nanoliposomes. The cationic lipid was synthesized using a steroid, a primary amine and a basic

amino acid, characterized by spectroscopy and used to form stable cationic nanoliposomes

and nanolipoplexes with plasmid DNA, to transfect eukaryotic cells in culture. The

synthesis yield of 70% was obtained. In the IR spectrum, the characteristic signal of the amide

bond was observed at 1693.25 cm-1. Stable nanoliposomes were formed with several lipid

mixtures of a size that ranged from 102 to 244 nm in diameter. Upon addition of the plasmid

DNA, nanolipoplexes were formed that transfected cells in culture without toxicity. This

new cationic lipid could be used to transfer genes to eukaryotic cells safely.

Keywords: liposomes, lipoplexes, cationic lipids, gene therapy, lipofection

References:

1. Akbarzadeh, A., Rezaei-Sadabady, R., Davaran, S., Joo, S. W., Zarghami, N., Hanifehpour, Y.,

y otros. (2013). Liposome: classification, preparation, and applications. Nanoscale Research

Letters, 1-9.

2. Ibáñez Hernández, M., & Oseguera Guerra, B. E. (2016). Nanoliposomas catiónicos como

vehículos para terapia génica. En E. Ramón Gallegos, Nanobiotecnología: Fundamentos y

perspectivas (pág. 380). Ciudad de México: Editorial Academica Española.




Design and construction of a genetic nanovector expressing a poly-miR-122 for gene therapy of

hepatocarcinoma

M. Montaño-Samaniego and M. Ibáñez-Hernández

Laboratorio de Terapia Génica, Dpto. Bioquímica, ENCB-IPN. Prol. Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n.

Santo Tomas, Ciudad de México. 11340. México. *Phone: +52 1-5557296300, ext: 62592, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer and

the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide1. However, there is still no

effective treatment for this disease, so gene therapy is a promising and innovative

therapeutic alternative for the treatment of HCC. The use of microRNA (miRNA) in gene therapy has become a powerful tool for the regulation of genes involved in acquired genetic

diseases such as cancer. The miRNA-122 (miR-122) is specific and the most abundant in

the liver, it has been shown to function as a tumor suppressor2. The levels of miR-122

decrease significantly and specifically in HCC3. The objective of this work was to

construct a genetic nanovector that contains a poly-miR-122 governed by the α-fetoprotein

(AFP) promoter, specific to HCC. A poly-miR-122 sequence containing three miR-122

precursors (pre-miR-122) was designed, this was analyzed for secondary structure prediction and thermodynamic stability. The result of the prediction analysis of the poly-

miR-122 sequence showed that the primary transcript will have thermodynamic stability, indicating that it can function in the treatment against HCC cells. Subsequently, the

recombinant plasmid pIRES2-AFP-poly-miR-122- EGFP was constructed. The identity of this recombinant plasmid was confirmed by enzymatic restriction. The presence of the

AFP promoter in the recombinant plasmid was confirmed by PCR. With automated sequencing, an identity of 99.6% was found with the AFP promoter (NCBI: L34019.1).

This genetic nanoconstruction can express the active and stable miR-122, so it could be used for the specific treatment of HCC by gene therapy.

Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma, gene therapy, nanovector, miR-122, AFP promoter.

Acknowledgment We acknowledge CONACyT and Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado of IPN by the funds to do this research. References 1. Ferlay J., Soerjomataram I. et al. “Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: Sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012”. Int J Cancer 136 (5), 359-386. (2015).

2. Gramantieri L., Ferracin M. et al. “Cyclin G1 is a target of miR-122a, a microRNA frequently

down-regulated in human hepatocellular carcinoma.” Cancer Res. (67), 6092–6099. (2007).

3. Kutay H., Bai S., Datta J. et al. “Downregulation of miR-122 in the rodent and human

hepatocellular carcinomas”. J Cell Biochem (99), 671-678. (2006).




Thermodynamic Study of the Influence of Amino and Carboxylic Groups on Highly Functionalized Polymers

Lazaro Ruiz Virgen1, Mónica Corea1, José M. Del Rio García2, Jean P. Grolier3

1ESIQIE, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, C.P. 07738,

MÉXICO. [email protected]; [email protected] 2Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas 152, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de

México, C.P. 07730, MÉXICO, [email protected] 3Institut de Chimie de Clermont Ferrand, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Ferrand, FRANCE, j-

[email protected]

Abstract: Hydrogels are classified in terms of their interaction with the

surrounding environment. Depending on its structure, hydrogel can respond to environmental

changes by changing its size or shape. Most important factors that trigger a hydrogel response

are pH, temperature, ionic strength, light, electric/magnetic field and swelling medium [1,2].

Two series of highly functionalized polymers of P(butyl acrylic-acid acrylic-acid-methyl

methacrylate-acrylamide) were synthesized by emulsion polymerization via a power feed

process. The total functional groups concentration was varied from 15-25 wt.%. The

carboxylic and amino groups concentration inside and outside particles were varied from

100-0, 75-25, 50-50, 25-75 and 0-100 wt.%, respectively. In addition, the specific partial

thermodynamic properties of the polymer particles (volume and specific adiabatic

comprehensibility) and the specific partial properties (specific partial volume and

comprehensibility) of each component (polar groups and non-polar groups) were studied, by

means of measurements of density and speed of sound. These properties were interpreted in

terms of the atomic, free volume and hydration contributions. By isothermal titration

calorimetry, the heats of reaction were measured during changes in titration of calcite powder

with the polymeric material. From these data, the reaction enthalpies were calculated to

determine the interaction of the functional groups present and the calcium ions. The results

showed that the thermodynamic properties depend on the amount of AA and AAmide

contained in the particles. The isothermal titration calorimetry suggests that synthesized latex

serve as a possible use in the acid stimulation process for oil extraction because they are

stimulative pH-temperature sensitive hydrogels, and can get to work at high pressures.

Keywords: Hydrogels, specific partial volume and comprehensibility, isothermal titration

calorimetry (ITC)

References

[1] S. Kadlubowski, A. Henke, P. Ulanski & J. M. Rosiak, “Hydrogels of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)

and poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) synthesized by radiation induced crosslinking of homopolymers”, ed.

ELSERVIER, Radiation Physics and Chemistry, (2009)

[3] H. Omidian & K. Park, “Hydrogels”, Fundamentals and Applications of Controlled Release Drug

Delivery, Chapter 4, ed. Spinger (2012)






Nano-Network for Curcumin/Dopamine reléase in treating hemiparkinsonisms induced in the rat

Villavicencio-Carvajal C.G.1*, Valverde-Aguilar M.G.1, Vergara-Aragón P2

1Cicata-Legaria, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Legaria 694, Col. Irrigación. Del. Miguel Hidalgo.

C.P. 11500, México D.F. 2Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.

CDMX, México, C.P. 04510. *Phone: +52 1-5557296000, ext: 67763, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are the main toxic factors

associated with dopaminergic neuronal death in Parkinson's disease (PD) [1]. Several

studies have shown that curcumin, a polyphenolic compound isolated from turmeric has

neuroprotective effects, due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties,

however, its benefits have not been fully exploited due to its low bioavailability [2].

Nanotechnology offers a new alternative, where different nanoscale properties are used to

protect, transport and direct delivery of drugs to the affected area.

In the present project, a polymeric nano-network was synthesized, self-degrading and

regulated by electrostatic charges, able to release dopamine / curcumin by diffusion

through the nasal mucosa and which is expected to be administered in a rat model with

induced hemiparkinsonism

Keywords: Oxidative stress; Parkinson's disease; curcumin; dopamine; nano-network.

Acknowledgment The authors acknowledge the support for the projects SIP-20180100 and DGAPA-PAPIIT

IT202417. CGVC is grateful for the support granted by the CONACYT and BEIFI scholarship. The

authors acknowledge Mario García (SEM / EDS) and Luis Rendón (HRTEM) for the technical

assistance.

References:

[1] Gerfen CR. Molecular effects of dopamine on striatal-projection pathways. Trends Neurosci.

23:64-70 (2000). [2]Sandhir R, Yadav A, Mehrotra A, Sunkaria A, Singh A, Sharma S. Curcumin nanoparticles

attenuate neurochemical and neurobehavioral deficits in experimental model of Huntington's

disease. Neuromolecular Med. 16:106–118 (2014).




Biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using crude extracts of Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. of

the eastern region of Mexico

A.P. Reyes-Correa1*, M. Martínez-García1, F. García-Franco2 y B.E. Chavez-Sandoval3

1Laboratorio de Bioquímica Molecular, UBIPRO, Facultad de Estudios Superiores, UNAM, Av. De los

Barrios s/n, Los Reyes Ixtacala, Tlalnepantla, C. P. 54090, México. 2Universidad Tominagua Nakamoto, Departamento de Investigación. Luis Freg. No. 6 y 12, Col. Lomas

de Sotelo, Naucalpan de Juárez, CP 53390. México. 3 Ciencias Naturales e Ingeniería, Departamento de Matemáticas Aplicadas y Sistemas, Universidad

Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Cuajimalpa, Av. Vasco de Quiroga 4871,

Col. Santa Fe Cuajimalpa. Delegación Cuajimalpa de Morelos, C.P. 05348, Ciudad de México *Phone: +52 1-55 56231224, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: In this work, the biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles was carried

out using two crude extracts and a methanolic one of B. monnieri, from wild populations of

Mexico. This type of synthesis from medicinal plants of traditional use is reported against

bacteria and cytotoxicity in cancer cells [1]. For the synthesis of AgNPs two extraction

methods were combined [1, 2]. The formation of the AgNPs was visualized by the reaction

and the color change of the solution to reddish-brown tones. The detection of the visible light

spectrum showed two peaks for the AgNPs obtained from the crude extracts, in the 430 and

530 nm lengths, while for the AgNPs obtained from the methanolic extract a peak was

observed at 480 nm. The nanoparticles were stable for more than 7 days. The pH of

the AgNPs of the plant extracts was 5 for those collected in Jalisco and Puebla and 6 for

those from Hidalgo. The data of the maximum lambda previously reported [1] for the

AgNPs of Bacopa was 450 nm. These differences could be related to the metabolites

produced by the plants in the different environments present in the sampling site, together

with what is indicated in the previous reports that genetic material of B. monnieri from

India was used, in contrast, with those of the material of Mexican wild populations. The

AgNPs obtained are being characterized by AFM and TEM. The presented information can

be considered as the first report of biological synthesis of AgNPs with plants of the species

B. monnieri native in Mexico.

Keywords: Silver nanoparticles; B. monnieri; methanolic extract.

Acknowledgment To Drs. Manuel Mandujano Piña and Eduardo López-Urrutia for the facilities for the use of materials and

laboratory equipment of the FES Iztacala.

References 1. Suganya, M., et. al. 2018. Nanobiotechnol. 12 (3): 318-324.

2. Chavez-Sandoval B., et al. 2016. J Nanomater Mol Nanotechnol 5: 4. doi: 10.4172 / 2324-

8777.1000192




Surface modification of a polymeric substrate for improved adhesion with nanoparticles of SiO2 by Flame

Treatment and Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet

Coraquetzali Magdaleno-López1§, José de Jesús Pérez-Bueno1,

1 Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica (CIDETEQ), S.C., Pedro

Escobedo, Querétaro, CP 76703, México. [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract: Because of the low surface energy and limited adhesion properties of

plastic materials in this study we propose the modification of the surface of a polymeric

substrate (polycarbonate) with nanoparticles of silica applied by flame treatment and

atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) to improve the interfacial adhesion substrate-

coating. Numerous analysis and characterization techniques (XPS, contact angle, Pull-off,

Scotch tape, digital microscopy, etc.) have been used to determine the relevant parameters

and correlate the adhesion and surface properties. The treatments applied chemically

modified the surface, obtaining surfaces with hydrophilic properties according to the

results obtained by contact angle in comparison with the surfaces that were not treated, so

that an improvement in the adhesion was obtained, being less the area of detachment of the

coatings.

Keywords: polymeric substrate, adhesion, surface treatment, nanoparticles

Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Mexican Council for

Science and Technology CONACYT, through the projects CEMIE-Sol No. 207450 and

LNMG No. 293371.

References [1] V. Seitz, K. Arzt, S. Mahnel, C. Rapp, S. Schwaminger, M. Hoffstetter, E. Wintermantel.

International Journal of Adhesion & Adhesives. 66: 65–72. (2016)

[2] P.A.J. Yañez, J.M.M. Martinez. International Journal of Adhesión and Adhesives. 77: 204-213.

(2017)





Improving CdTe solar cell efficiency by using blue CdTe surface

C. Hernandez Vasquez1, M.L. Albor Aguilera1*, M.A. González Trujillo2, J.M. Flores Márquez3,

1Instituto Politécnico Nacional-ESFM, Depto. de Física, U.P.A.L.M., Zacatenco, CDMX, 07738,

México 2Instituto Politécnico Nacional-ESCOM, Formación Básica, U.P.A.L.M., Zacatenco, CDMX,

07738, México. 3Instituto Politécnico Nacional-ESIQIE, Departamento de Ingeniería en Metalurgia y Materiales,

U.P.A.L.M., Zacatenco, CDMX, 07738, México *Phone: +52 1-5557296000, ext: 55054, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: CdTe semiconductor thin film as absorbent material needs to be

recrystallized, in order to improve the electrical and crystalline properties of this material.

CdCl2 thermal treatment was used to reduce the defects between CdS and CdTe thin films

that helps to obtain the physical properties require. On the other hand, CdCl2

treatment leads a special blue color in the CdTe surface. The electrical properties of CdTe

are influenced for this coloration and confirm a close correlation between the quality of

interfaces and its photovoltaic efficiency on CdTe solar cells. A systematic

characterization was made to understand the blue color origin. This study revealed TeOX

on the CdTe surface.

Keywords: Blue CdTe surface, CdCl2 treatment, TeO2 surface, Solar cells

Acknowledgment MLAA gratefully to projects P25 from CeMIE-Sol and SIP 20180398, SIP 20180439. CHV, JMFM are grateful to CONACyT-México. References

1. J. M. Flores-Marquez, M.L. Albor-Aguilera, Y. Matsumoto-Kuwabara, M.A. Gonzalez-

Trujillo, C. Hernandez-Vasquez, R. Mendoza-Perez, G.S. Contreras-Puente and M. Tufiño-

Velazquez, Improving CdS/CdTe thin film solar cell efficiency by optimizing the physical

properties of CdS with the application of thermal and chemical treatments, Thin Solid Films 582

(2015) 124-127.

2. J. Fritsche, T. Schulmeyer, A ThiBen, A Klein, W. Jaegermann, Interface modification of

CdTe thin film solar cells by CdCl2- activation, Thin Solid Films 431 (2003) 267-271.

3. M. Rami, E. Benamar, M. Fahoume, F. Chraibi, and A. Ennaoui, Effect of heat treatment with CdCl2 on the electrodeposited CdTe/CdS heterojunction, M. J. Condensed Matter 3 (2000) 66-70.

4. M. Emziane, K. Durose, N. Romeo, A. Bosio, D. P. Halliday, Effect of CdCl2 activation on the

impurity distribution in CdTe/CdS solar cell structures, Thin Solid Films 480 (2005) 377-38.




Study of morphological properties of ZnS thin films influenced by using different thermal treatments

J. A. Ortega Cardenas1*, M. L. Albor Aguilera1, H. T. Yee Madeira1 y M. A. González Trujillo2

1 Instituto Politecnico Nacional, ESFM, U.P.A.L.M., San Pedro Zacatenco, 07738, CDMX, Mexico 2 Instituto Politecnico Nacional, ESCOM, U.P.A.L.M., San Pedro Zacatenco, 07738, CDMX,

Mexico *Phone: +52 1-5557296000, ext: 55054, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: ZnS is a semiconductor material (II-IV family) with a band gap value of 3.7

eV. The optoeletronical properties of this material allow it to be used as a buffer layer on

photovoltaic solar cells [1]. ZnS thin films were deposited on soda-lime glass with a FTO

(SnO2:F) by chemical bath deposition technique. The films were thermal annealed on air,

argon, oxygen and cadmium chloride. The obtained films presented an optical transmission

values between 80-90 % in the visible region. ZnS samples have a sulfur deficiency, leading

n-type conductivity [2]. The morphological results revealed that oxygen thermal treatment is

the best option to improve the physical properties of this material.

Keywords: ZnS, thermal treatments, morphology Acknowledgment

This work was supported by SIP 20180318, SIP 20181289 and CeMIE-Sol Proyect P25 References

[1] Alireza Goudarzi, Ghaffar Motedayen, Reza Sahraei, Hiva Ahmadpoor; Ammonia free

chemical bath deposition of nanocrystalline ZnS thin film buffer layer for solar cells, Thin

Solid Films 516 (2008) 4953-4957.

[2] Fei Long, We-Min Wang, Zhan-kui Cui, Li-Zhen Fan, Zheng-guang Zou, Tie-kun Jia;

An improved method for chemical bath deposition of ZnS thin films, Chemical Physics

Letters 462 (2008) 84-87.




Low Temperature Fabrication ZnO/HfO2-Thin Film Transistors

Miguel Angel Lopez Castillo1, Norberto Hernandez Como

2, Francisco Javier Hernandez Cuevas

2,

Miguel Angel Aleman2, Jose Alberto Andraca Adame

3

1Instituto Politécnico Nacional - IPN, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Mexico.

2 Instituto Politécnico Nacional - IPN, Centro de Nanociencias y Micro y Nanotecnologías, Mexico. 3Instituto Politécnico Nacional - IPN, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingeniería Campus

Hidalgo (UPIIH), Mexico. *Phone: +52 1-5546448009, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: in this work, we fabricated thin film transistors (TFTs) in staggered Top-Contact Bottom-Gate (TC BC) configuration. A silicon wafer with resistivity of 0.001

ohm-cm was used as a common gate, the following layer was HfO2 (35 nm) as the

insulating material deposited by ALD at 100 °C. Subsequently, the ZnO (40nm)

semiconductor was deposited by RF-Sputtering at room temperature. The channel is

defined by photolithography and wet etching (0.1% HCl). A second lithography step is carried out to define aluminum (150 nm) source and drain contacts by lift-off using DC-

Sputtering. TFTs dimensions were: a fixed W= 1200 µm, and L= 22, 30, 40, 50, 60 µm. The ID-VG and ID-VD characteristics were measured with a Keithley 4200-SCS varying

VG=-2 to 10 V, VS= 0 V, VD= 10 V, and VG= 0 to 10 V, VS= 0 V, VD= 0 to 10 V,

respectively. The TFTs displayed mobilities of µ= 6.0 – 7.1 cm2V

-1s

-1, with subthreshold

slopes of 0.3 –0.6 V/Dec and threshold voltages of VT= 1.64 – 2.49 V, with current on/off

ratios of up to 105. The fabricated TFTs are intended to be applied in biosensors with

microfluidic cells mounted on the active layer of the transistor.

Keywords: ZnO, Thin film transistors, Photolithography

Acknowledgment:

This work was supported by SIP-IPN under grant 20180533.




Advances in electrocatalysis for the oxygen reduction reaction through combining theory and experiment

J.C. Ortiz-Herrera1, H. Cruz-Martínez1, M.M. Tellez-Cruz2, H.M. Alfaro-López2, O. Solorza-Feria2

and D.I. Medina1* 1Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Instituto Tecnológico y de estudios Superiores de Monterrey,

Carretera Lago de Guadalupe Km. 3.5, Colonia Margarita Maza; Atizapán de Zaragoza, Estado de

México, C.P. 52926. México 2Departamento de Química, CINVESTAV, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro

Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México, C.P. 52926, México

* Teléfono: +52 (55) 5864 55 55, ext: 2448, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: The H2-based polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is an

electrochemical device which efficiently converts the chemical energy contained in the

hydrogen into electricity. Its high-power density makes it an efficient alternative for clean-

energy conversion [1, 2]. One of the most crucial challenges of the PEMFC is the sluggish

kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), which is at least five orders of magnitude

slower than the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) [1, 2]. This imposes performance limits

on the global process and requires the use of catalysts at the cathode to accelerate the ORR.

Usually, commercial Pt/C nanocatalysts are used for the cathodic reaction in PEMFCs.

However, a significant disadvantage of employing Pt lies in its scarcity and high cost. For

that reason, it is necessary to create novel and efficient nanocatalysts from cheaper and

widely available materials [3]. Herein we present a critical discussion of combined theoretical

and experimental studies of electrocatalysts for the ORR. It addresses the importance of

correlating theoretical calculations and electrochemical measurements toward a better

understanding of ORR electrocatalysis at the molecular level. Several comprehensive studies

with theoretical models and experimental validation for the design of M@Pt (M = Ni, Os,

Co, Cu, Pd), CoNi@Pt, and AuPd@Pt core-shell nanoparticles have been reported. These

studies could be a turning point in the design of better electrocatalysts for the ORR.

Keywords: PEMFC; Oxygen reduction reaction; Nanoparticles; Experimental validation;

Acknowledgment

H. Cruz-Martínez and J.C Ortiz-Herrera gratefully acknowledge to CONACYT for the postdoctoral and doctoral fellowship, respectively. References

1. J. Wu, H. Yang, Acc. Chem. Res. 46, 1848 (2013).

2. M. Shao, Q. Chang, J.P. Dodelet, R. Chenitz, Chem. Rev. 116, 3594 (2016).

3. Y.J. Wang, W. Long, L. Wang, R. Yuan, A. Ignaszak, B. Fang, D.P. Wilkinson, Energy Environ.

Sci. 11, 258 (2018).




Characterization of nanostructured chitosan with monoterpenes and effect in vitro on growth of Alternaria

alternata in pepper

Gonzalo Hernández-López1*

1Instituto Politécnico Nacional-Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos, Carr. Yautepec-Jojutla

km 6. Col. San Isidro, CEPROBI, Yautepec Morelos, México. C.P. 62731. *Phone: +52 777-110-58-73, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: The excessive use of agrochemicals in agricultural products has led to

the creation of new environmentally friendly alternatives that help to solve problems

against phytopathogens and lengthening the shelf life of horticultural products. An

alternative is the use of nanotechnology applied to products of natural origin, which have

activity against microorganisms, preserve the quality of the product and that are friendly to

the environment. The incorporation of nanomaterials and antimicrobials, includes oils

essential, vegetable extracts and compounds in edible coatings to solve this problem, in

addition to providing new properties to the coating to improve the safety and shelf life of

fruits and vegetables (1) (2). By the nanoprecipitation method (3), were formulated

chitosan nanoparticles loaded with antifungal compounds obtained from an ethanol extract

of nanche (Byrsonima crassifolia), the monoterpenes: p-Cimeno, Eucalyptol and α-Pineno.

For its characterization, a transmission electron microscopy was carried out to visualize the

shape and size of the nanoparticles. An infrared spectrometry (FTIR), in a Nicolet 6700

spectrometer in a range of 400-4000 cm-1. Was evaluated the potential antifungal of

chitosan nanoparticles (NC), nanoparticles of chitosan with p-Cimeno (NCC), nanoparticles

of chitosan with Eucalyptol (NCE) and nanoparticles of chitosan with α-Pineno (NCP), on

the mycelial growth of Alternaria alternata; the in vitro bioassay was by dilution in agar,

evaluating different volumes (50, 75 and 100 µl) of the nanostructured chitosan at

concentration of 0.05%. The percentage of mycelial inhibition was calculated at the end of

the incubation period. The nanoparticles presented spherical shape with sizes between 2 to

10 nm. The FTIR spectra of the nanostructured chitosan and loaded with the monoterpenes

confirm their presence in the nanoparticles. Mycelial growth inhibitions obtained were

between 42.60% and 52.30% at volume of 100 µl with the (NPC) and (NPCP) respectively.

Keywords: Postharvest, nanoparticles, chitosan

References 1. Mohammadi A, Hashemi M, Hosseini S. Postharvest Biol Tec 110:203–213. (2015)

2. Galvez-Iriqui A C, Plascencia-Jatomea M, Cortez-Rocha OM, Burgos-Hernáandez A, Calderón-

Santoyo M. 7th Food Science, Biotechnology and Safety Meeting. Book of abstracts, VI505, 9-11

(2016)

3. Luque-Alcaraz, A.G, Lizardi, J., Goycoolea, F., Valdez, M.A, Acosta, A.L, Iloki-

Assanga, S.B.. Journal of Nanomaterials, 1, 1-7. (2012)




Characterization of native Oxalis tuberosa red potato flour and its possible applications

G. Paulin-Yañez1, J. Chanona-Pérez2, J. Piloni-Martini1 and N. Güemes-Vera1* 1Área Académica Agroindustrial, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo. Av.

Universidad Km. 1, Rancho Universitario. C.P. 43600. Tulancingo de Bravo, Hidalgo. México 2Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional,

Wilfrido Massieu s/n. U. Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Gustavo A. Madero, 07738 México D.F., México *Phone:017717172000, ext: 2436, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Flours are the simplest way to make food, the best known method is

grinding. These powders must be characterized according to their functional properties

(fluidity, adsorption, rehydration, wetting properties, etc.) their classification makes it easier

to use them and determine packaging characteristics. The Oxalis tuberosa, is a tuber native

to the Andean region with a characteristic coloration due to its composition, it is an

alternative for the production of flours and food products; The objective of this research

was to characterize the native Oxalis tuberosa meal and suggest its application in food.

Methodology: The tuber dehydrated for 7 h at 55 ° C. A milling was carried out, and the

particle size was standardized with a square maya (Tyler No. 100) (1). It was determined,

Humidity (925.10), Ash (923.03), Ethereal Extract (985.15), Fiber (920.86), and Crude

Protein (968.06) according to the AOAC (2), color (3). Powder flow properties (4), UV-

Vis (5). And optical microscopy using magnitudes of 10X and 40X, the images were

stored in TIFF format, and analyzed with the ImageJ software. Results: The Oxalis

tuberosa flour shows an excellent supply of fiber (20.75 ± 2.80 g / 100 g), which can serve

to generate satiety in consumers, has a low fat content, facilitates its storage and makes it

less prone to rancidity, its coloration tends to high values of a *, has reddish and pink

colorations, consumers can accept these colorations, if they have a higher nutritional value

(4). For the characteristics of the powders, according to the classification of Carr, presents

loss of free fluidity (5), in the image analysis, the granules of starch were 200-1300 μm2.

The UV-Vis analysis shows two characteristic peaks of the particle size, the first of 472.91

nm and 219.68 nm, (6) values within the range obtained for image analysis. Conclusion:

The composition of the flour, it should be noted the fiber content, which makes it an

alternative for consumers who want to increase the content of this in their diets; based on the

powders, it is easy to form mixtures (particle size), which will help mass formation if

applied in a bakery or even in snacks. More tests are required to determine its functionality.

Keywords: Oxalis tuberosa, characterization powders, physicochemical properties,

nutrition

Acknowledgment: to CONACyT for the scholarship of postgraduate studies.

References: 1. Ahmed, M., Akter, M. S., & Eun, J.-B. Food Chemistry, 121(1), 112-118. (2010). 2. A.O.A.C., O. M. Association of official Analytical (16 ed.). (1995). 3. Mirhosseini, H. A. LWT - Food Science and Technology, 184-190. (2015).

4. Rytel, E., Tajner-Czopek, A., Kita, A., Aniołowska, M., Kucharska, A., Sokół-Łętowska, A. and Hamouz,

K. Food Chemistry, 161, pp.224-229. (2014).

5. Neri-Torres, E. C.-P., Calderón, H., Torres-Figueredo, N., Chamorro-Cevallos, G., Calderón-Domínguez,

G., & Velasco- Bedrán, H. Microsc Microanal, 22(4), 887-901. (2016). 6. El Darra, N. R.-O. Food Control, 78, 132-137. (2017).




Study of electrochemical proprieties of bio-inspired coating based ErGO

G.M. Tavarez-Martínez1, E. Onofre-Bustamante1, M.C. García-Alonso2, J.P. León-González1, A.

Montiel-García1 1Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CICATA-Altamira,

1Km 14.5, Tampico-Puerto Industrial highway Altamira, Tamaulipas, 89600, México. 2Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas, Consejo Superior de Investigación Científica, 8

Gregorio del Amo avenue, Madrid, 28040, España *Phone: +52 833 260 0124, ext: 87516, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: The useful life of a prosthesis is expected to be greater than 15 years, but

in many cases traumatologists are forced to remove and replace them prematurely (between

7-10 years), mainly due to problems of loosening and osteolysis. It is estimated that 75% of

failures in the prosthesis is due to loosening compared to 7% that occurs due to infection, 6%

due to recurrent dislocations and 5% due to fractures [1].

Wimmer et al. studied 42 implants recovered with 11.7 years in average of use where it

were detected carbon-rich layers caused by denaturation of pseudo-synovial fluid

components, and that this film acts as a solid lubricant, decreasing wear on the pair, and as a

protective layer against the release of metallic traces [2]. In this research work it is tried to

emulate said natural layers by means of the formation of layers Electrochemically Reduced

Graphene Oxide (ErGO) and functionalized, on the substrates of CoCrMo and Ti6Al4V

(main metals used for the manufacture of joint implants) formed by cyclic voltammetry.

In the reduction by cyclic voltammetry the signal of reduction of the Graphene Oxide can be

observed between the It can be distinguished a signal of reduction of the OG between the -

0.6 and -1.05 V / E Ag / AgCl. These potentials correspond to the reduction of carboxylic

groups (≈-0.85 V / E Ag / AgCl), OH and C-O-C ((≈-1.05 V / E Ag / AgCl) [3]. However,

it does not seem to affect the electrochemical response of the substrate during its evaluation

by conventional electrochemical techniques.

Keywords: ErGO; Ti6Al4V; CoCrMo; Cyclic Voltammetry.

Acknowledgment This study has been financed by CONACYT and SIP Project 20180776. The authors are grateful to Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas and Consejo Superior de Investigación Científica.

References () 1. G. Gajski, Z. Jelčić, V. Oreščanin, M. Gerić. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1 (2014) 565-576, 2014.

2. M.A. Wimmer, C. Sprecher, R. Hauert, G. Tager, A. Fischer. Wear, 255 (2003) 1007–1014.

3. C. Gaffney, C. Pelt, J. Gililland, L. Peters. Orthop. Clin. , 48 (2017) 407-419.




Study on the hydrophilic properties of Molybdenum- Oxide nanowires arrays obtained by thermal treatment

and reactive ion etching

Eric F. Vázquez-Vázquez1, A. Rair López-Rivera1, S. Gallardo-Hernández2, A. Guillen-Cervantes2, M.

Zambrana2, Oscar E. Cigarroa-Mayorga1*. 1 Depto. Tecnologías Avanzadas, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria en Ingeniería y Tecnologías

Avanzadas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional No.2580,

C.P.07340, CDMX, México. 2 Depto. Física, CINVESTAV del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional

No.2508, C.P. 07360, CDMX, México. *Phone: +044 5534279167, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: This investigation is focused on the synthesis of Molybdenum oxide

nanowires array by two different methods in order to find the relationship between the

contact angles of water droplets on and the resulting morphology in the surface of

samples. In order to synthesize the array, Molybdenum substrates (Mo, 99.99 %) were

commercially obtained from Sigma and mechanically polished till produce a mirror-like

surface, then were ultrasonically cleaned in deionized water (18 MΩ) for 5 minutes,

afterward in ethanol bath for 3 minutes and finally in acetone for 3 minutes, then the

substrates were dry with Argon flux to avoid oxidation. Once the Mo substrates were

cleaned, two different synthesis techniques were used. The first technique consists by a

thermal treatment in which the substrate was oxidized into a furnace with a 20 wt. %

oxygen atmosphere at 500 °C, 600 °C and 700 °C. Each experiment was performed for 1, 3

and 5 hours in order to determine the relationship between oxidation time exposure and the

obtained structure morphology. The second technique was Reactive-Ion Etching, in

which the Molybdenum was exposed 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 minutes. The Scanning

Electron Microscopy images confirmed the achievement of nanowires array, with an

average diameter of 10 nm. Energy Dispersive X- Ray Spectroscopy showed the presence

of Mo and O as the unique elements in the sample, this is in good agreement with X-Ray

diffraction results, which showed Mo-oxide as the main phase in the obtained samples.

Images of a water droplet (5 µL) on the synthesized arrays were obtained by CCD camera

and the analysis confirms that hydrophilic properties are enhanced when both temperature

and time get rise, these properties are directly linked to the nanostructured morphology.

Keywords: Nanowires array, thermal treatment, Mo-Oxide, contact angle, RIE.

Acknowledgment Oscar E. Cigarroa-Mayorga thanks to the Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado del Instituto Politécnico Nacional for the economic supply for this work.

References 1. G. Neira-Arenas, L. Cañas-M. Scientia Technica. 36,833 (2007).




Structural Characterization of Au/TiO2 Nanowires array Synthesized into a Nanoporous Anodic Alumina Template

E. Neri1*, H. A. Calderón1, and V. Garibay2

1 Department of Physics of ESFM, IPN, UPALM Zacatenco, CDMX, 07738, México. 2 Ultra-High Resolution Electron Microscopy Laboratory, IMP, Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas,

CDMX, 07730, México. *Phone: +52 1-5557296000, ext: 55052, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: In the present work an Au/TiO2 nanowires array has been synthesized

via electrochemical deposition and was studied by electron microscopy. For the fabrication of the nanowires a porous alumina template was used. The alumina template was made by

anodization in oxalic acid[1]. The pore diameter of the alumina template was 40 through

60nm. TiO2 nanowires was deposited into the pores in a TiCl3[2] or TiOSO4[3] electrolyte by a pulsed electrodeposition procedure[4]. The gold nanoparticles was supported on titania

nanowires by a deposition precipitation procedure[5] from an aqueous solution of HAuCl4. The synthesis conditions was changed in order to achieve different nanoparticle sizes. The

heterostructures was analyzed by XRD, SEM and TEM.

Keywords: Nanowires; Nanoparticles; Electron Microscopy. Acknowledgment Financial support by CONACYT and IPN (COFAA-SIP). Thanks to the UHREM Laboratory of Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo. References [1] H. Masuda, H. Yamada, M. Satoh, H. Asoh, M. Nakao, and T. Tamamura. Rev. Appl. Phys. Lett. 71, 19 (1997).

[2] L. Kavan, B. O’Regan, A. Kay, and M. Grätzel. Rev. Electroanal. Chem. 346, 1 (1993).

[3] C. Natarajan. Rev. J. Electrochem. Soc. 143, 5 (1996).

[4] B. K. Nielsch, F. Müller, and A. Li. Rev. Adv. Mater. Li. 12, 8 (2000). [5] G. Silva and R.

Jua. Rev. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133, 3 (2011).




Shaping You By Seeking Out

Araceli Moreno Ibarra, Benjamín Rojas Eslava, Lissete López Hernández, Rayan Adam Chougui

Escorcia

School of Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CECyT 1 “Gonzalo Vázquez Vela”, Pueblo San Juan de

Aragón Avenue #510, 07480, México Phone: +52 5567470859, ext: - , e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Discovering new worlds might seem out of the ordinary, even though it is

not that difficult to achieve. Immersing into a research is a way of “world-travelling” since

the seeker must figure out at infinitum perspectives in order to reach successfully a goal. In

addition crowds of people and opportunities will appear. Because of this, students must be

encouraged to try to fix problems for joy, not for a grade, as actually it is done nowadays.

As a matter of fact, the lack of creative ideas is one of the most popular issues shown in

activities like investigation. Furthermore, it does exist many strategies to help out with this

situation, one of them is called “The TRIZ model”, which we have been testing, in students,

along with the development of many projects in “Centro de Estudios Científicos y

Tecnológicos Number 1 Gonzalo Vázquez Vela”. It is worth to mention that with the

application of this model the investigation team has got patents, which are a clear proof of

positive results. The TRIZ model is a way of creative-thinking in a systematized way, is

based on the fact that often when solving a problem, another is born, but people do not care

about the new one as long as the project works. If making a creation is pursued, TRIZ

claims the solution must not be partially done as the problem described before but it must

be completely solved by following the next steps:

Gather and talk about the previously identified problem in order to describe it.

Divide the activities in sub-teams formed according to the skills and knowledge

required for the activities, in order to make a minor improvement.

Once the first improvement is already done, with the collaboration of the whole team

a major improvement can born.

The whole thing must be evaluated in sub-teams, then improved and then an innovation

will take place. A posteriori with the help of all the members a discovery can occur. As long as it can be

appreciated, in all the process the collaboration of all members is needed, due to that the

guidance teacher-student is vital in order to make the schoolar confident enough to continue even in complex situations. As a result, new personalities will come out while

innovations and/or creations will be done. “Knowledge is there, it is our turn to apply it to create a change”

Keywords: TRIZ model, Investigation, Creative thinking

Acknowledgment

Thanks to the Instituto Politécnico Nacional for the economical support. Reference 1. Torrubiano.J. Rev. Ernst & Young 18, 43(2013).




Preparation of Ppy bi-layered films by chemical bath deposition

J.O. Martínez- Martinez1, E.C. de la Cruz- Terrazas2*, and M.A. Dominguez-Crespo1

1 Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología

Avanzada, Unidad Altamira. 2Catedrática CONACYT- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia

Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Unidad Altamira. *Phone: +52 1-5557296000 ext. 8517, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Conductive polymer such as polypyrrole have been studied for their

thermoelectric applications [1], have been seeking to improve the efficiency of these

materials to match them with performance of some metals a semiconductor manufactured

for thermoelectric devices [2]. The synthesis of conductive polymers can be carried out by

chemical or electrochemical methods. In this work, we present the influences of doping

concentration (0.5, 1, 2M of H2SO4) and the influences of relationship oxidant agent

with pyrrole (1/1, 1/0.5, 1/0.25 v/v%) obtained through chemical bath at room temperature

with reaction time 1 h for each layer. Characterization of polypyrrole films obtained were

characterized by UV- Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

(FTIR), measuring electrical conductivity. Polypyrrole bi-layered films presented a band

gap of 1.9 a 2.35 eV and electric conductivity of 4.97 x 10-8 to 1.46 x 10-3 S/cm. The

films with the highest conductivity were those obtained at a Py/APS ratio of 1/1 v/v%

independent of the acid concentration used in the polymerization, presenting conductivities

of 9.64 x10-4, 1.46 x10-3 S/cm and 1.20 x10-3 S/cm for 2M, 1M and 0.1M acid

concentration, respectively. Keywords: polypyrrole, chemical bath, bi-layer.

Acknowledgment CONACyT proyect 1905, infrastructure project 252511, CICATA unidad Altamira.

References 1. E. Hu, A. Kaynak, Y. Li, Synth. Met., 150 (2005).

2. M.A. Breimer, G. Yevgeny, S. Sy, O.A. Sadik, Nano Lett, 1 (2001).




In situ study of adsorption and desorption of CO2 on mixed metal oxides using DRIFT

N.C.L Galván-Ortiz1, D. Gómora-Herrera2, A. Santana-Cruz3, and C.E. Sánchez-Fuentes1*

1Departamento Ingeniería en Sistemas Ambientales, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas,

Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Wilfrido Massieu s/n U. Profesor Adolfo López Mateos, Gustavo A.

Madero, C.P. 07738, Ciudad de México, México 2Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Laboratorio de Análisis Ambientales, Eje Central Norte Lázaro

Cárdenas No. 152, Col. San Bartolo Atepehuacan, CP 07730, Ciudad de México, México 3Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco. Av. San

Pablo 180, Col. Reynosa Tamaulipas, C.P. 02200, Ciudad de México, México *Phone: 044 5518288299, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: The increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) amounts emitted into the

environment accelerate the process of global warming. Because of this, alternatives such as

capture and storage are being investigated as viable options to reduce the concentration

levels of this greenhouse gas [1,2]. In order to cut CO2 capture costs, several research

works have been focused on the development of efficient methods aimed at improving

conventional ones such as those using amines, which display disadvantages related to

volatility and high regeneration costs [3]. In this sense, in the present work, Mg-Al and Zn-

Al mixed oxides were synthesized to adsorb and capture CO2 due to advantageous

characteristics such as high temperature window, low energy synthesis expenditure

(combustion solution), thermal stability, high specific surface area, among other properties

[4]. The CO2 adsorption capacity was evaluated by using Zn-Al as a sorbent mixed metal

oxide, synthesized by the combustion solution method, with a Zn/Al molar ratio of 3 [5].

The structural characteristics of the mixed metal oxide, before and after CO2 adsorption,

were evaluated by X-ray diffraction, using a Philips X'Pert PRO diffractometer within an

interval ranging from 3.5 to 80 in 2Ɵ. In this way, its crystalline structure was confirmed,

showing reflections that corresponded to characteristic planes of the material. After CO2

adsorption, it was found that the structure of the mixed oxide was modified due to the

formation of reflections of the atoms corresponding to carbonates. In situ infrared

spectroscopy was employed to analyze the surface interaction of bonds formed during the

adsorption and desorption processes by means of a Thermo Scientific Nicolet 460

Spectrometer equipped with a DRIFTS cell Spectra-Tech. As a consequence of CO2

adsorption, vibrations corresponding to the formation of carbonates between CO2 and the

surface of the mixed metal oxide were observed at 1535 and 1403 cm-1. It was shown that

thermally stable bidentate carbonate sites with different basic strength played a major role

in the adsorption and desorption kinetics of CO2 on the sorbent.

Keywords: carbon dioxide, adsorption, DRIFTS, mixed oxide, in situ CO2 capture. Acknowledgments We thank Dr. Navarrete for the support provided to carry out this research work.




References

1. M.K. Mondal, H.K. Balsora, P. Varshney, Progress and trends in CO2 capture/separation

technologies: A review, Energy 46(1). 431,441 (2012). 2. E. Dvininov, H. Stephenson, H. Krutka, M. Lindsay, Improved Hydrotalcite-type Compounds for

Post-Combustion CO2 Abatement, Ghgt-11 37. 1658,1669 (2013).

3. L.K.G. Bhatta, S. Subramanyam, M.D. Chengala, S. Olivera, K. Venkatesh, Progress in hydrotalcite like compounds and metal-based oxides for CO2 capture: a review, Journal of Cleaner

Production 103. 171,196 (2015). 4. O. Aschenbrenner, P. McGuire, S. Alsamaq, J.W. Wang, S. Supasitmongkol, B. Al-Duri, P.

Styring, J. Wood, Adsorption of carbon dioxide on hydrotalcite-like compounds of different

compositions, Chemical Engineering Research & Design 89(9). 1711,1721 (2011).

5. F.J. Chu, C.D. Zuo, Z.B. Tian, C.Y. Ma, C. Zhao, Y.Z. Wang, W.F. Dong, J.Q. Long,C. Wen,

X.Y. Yuan, Y.G. Cao, Solution combustion synthesis of mixed-phase Mn-based oxides

nanoparticles and their electrocatalytic performances for Al-air batteries, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 748. 375,381 (2018).



Biometric parameters and photosynthesis in guayule “Parthenium Argentatum” plants irrigated with water-

dispersed multiwall carbon nanotubes

M.A. Kassem1, D. Soto Muñoz1, A.M. Rodríguez Hernández1, M.A. Castillo Campohermoso1, O.

Mounzer1*. 1Research Centre for Applied Chemistry, Department of plastics in agriculture, Blvd Enrique Reyna Hermosillo, n°140, P.C. 25294, Col San Jose de los Cerritos, Saltillo-Coahuila.


Abstract: The extensive cultivation of Guayule (Parthenium Argentatum) for

producing high quality natural hypoallergenic rubber remains limited by three main factors.

First, the plant has a relatively slow growth rate and needs a time period of two to three years

before reaching physiological maturity for feasible rubber extraction. Second, the rubber

content doesn’t exceed 15-22% of the plant dry matter. Third, the rubber is produced within

the plant’s cells and must be extracted by physico-chemical methods after mature plant

harvesting. Carbon nanotubes can increase the leaf photosynthetic rate and induce some

stress related genetic expressions in leaves and roots of tomato plants 1. With the

objective to explore the potential of carbon nanotubes on guayule growth, development and

its rubber accumulation capacity, a preliminary study was developed on potted guayule

plants under greenhouse conditions. The experiment consisted of 9 plant treatments (3

repetitions x 10 plants each) irrigated on daily basis with tape water containing 0, 10, 20,

40, 60, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 ppm of multiwall carbon nanotubes. Plant biometric

parameters were evaluated on weekly basis after the start of irrigation with MWCTN.

Furthermore, 3 plants per treatments were collected at 24 hours, 30 days and 60 days after

the start of irrigation with MWCTN to detect the presence of MWCNT in acid digested

roots, stems and leaves samples using the Raman spectroscopy method. The obtained

results showed the presence of MWCNT in the three plant organs (roots, stems and leaves)

collected at 24 hours indicating how fast the MWCTN were able to move from the soil to

the roots, through the stems to the leaves and to increase the rate of leaf photosynthesis.

However, none of the measured biometric parameters showed significant differences

between treatments indicating the absence of any apparent toxicity effect.

Keywords: Raman spectroscopy; natural rubber; LiCor-6400XT. Acknowledgment The study was supported by the Project CONACYT-Ciencia Basica; 288207 and CONACYT DACI- 2018-1; 296395. References 1. Khodakovskaya M. V., Kanishka de Silva, Dmitry A. Nedosekin, Enkeleda Dervishi, Alexandru S. Birisa, Evgeny V. Shashkovb, Ekaterina I. Galanzha, and Vladimir P. Zharov. PNAS: 108 (3)

p.1028–1033 (2011).




Synthesis of a membrane with ionic liquid (IL) to separate CO2 from a gas mixture

M.J. Cervantes-García1, D.I. Téllez Medina1, J.A. Mendoza-Pérez1, T. Fregoso-Aguilar1 and C.E.

Sánchez-Fuentes1*

1 Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Wilfrido Massieu s/n U.

Profesor Adolfo López Mateos, Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07738, Ciudad de México, México *Phone: 044 5518288299, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions must be controlled efficiently due to

environmental, economic and social demands. The main source of CO2 is the

thermoelectric industry, post-combustion systems, where the effluent is a CO2/N2 gaseous

mixture [1]. An emerging technology for the separation of CO2 is the use of supported

liquid ionic membranes (SILM), which consisting of ceramic or polymeric materials, used

as supports, where it is impregnated, as a liquid phase ionic liquid (IL), which can interact

chemically with molecules of acid gases, such as CO2 [2]. This work focused on membrane synthesis with an IL-1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium

hydroxy sulfate [emim] HSO4-]. The impregnation of the liquid was carried out by means

of the nanocoating of IL inside the pores of a support, which has an alumina film (Al2O3) as active phase, to create a functionalized membrane; for further analysis in the techniques of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Electronic Scanning Environmental Microscopy (ESEM) to confirm its structure. The

evaluation of the capacity of the IL to separate the CO2, was based on the ASTM

International standard with the Standard test method to determine the gas permeability

characteristics of plastic films and sheets [3]. The tests were carried out in triplicate, for

2.5 hrs by first passing N2 gas and then CO2 gas under the same conditions. The steady-

state studies; for CO2 it was reached after 100 minutes, and for N2 at 40 minutes. When the

steady state is reached, the CO2 permeance is 2.1x10-7 mol m-2 s-1 Pa-1, and the nitrogen’s 7.5

x10-7 mol m-2s-1 Pa-1, it means, the permeance of N2 is almost four times that the CO2, in

addition the permeance of N2 remains almost constant over time, therefore, it is inferred

that N2 does not offer any interaction with IL, and there is an interaction between CO2

and IL. Keywords: Ionic Liquid; inorganic membranes; CO2 permeance; FTIR, ESEM, AFM. Acknowledgment We thank Dr. Mendoza for the support provided to carry out this research work.

References 1. R. Kreiter, J.P. Overbeek, L.A. Correia, J.F. Vente, Pressure resistance of thin ionic liquid

membranes using tailored ceramic supports, Journal of Membrane Science 370(1-2), 175-178

(2011).

2. Sánchez Fuentes, C., Guzmán-Lucero, D., Torres-Rodriguez, M., Likhanova, N., Bolaños, J.,

Olivares-Xometl, O. and Lijanova, I. CO2/N2 separation using alumina supported membranes base on new functionalized ionic liquids, ELSEVIER, Separation and Purification Technology, 59-68

(2017).

3. I. ASTM, Standard Test Method for Determining Gas Permeability Characteristics of Plastic

Film and Sheeting. 12 (2017).




Structural properties of undoped and doped ZnO:Tb films grown by RF magnetron sputtering

on Si substrate

R. B. Cortés Herrera1*, T. Kryshtab2, L. Borkovska3, X. Portier4

1Instituto Politécnico Nacional, ENCB, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo

Tomás, 11340, Mexico City, Mexico. 2Instituto Politécnico Nacional, ESFM, Av. IPN, Ed. 9, U.P.A.L.M., 07738, Mexico City, Mexico. 3V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics NAS of Ukriane, 41, Pr. Nauky, 03028, Kiev,

Ukraine. 4CIMAP, Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CEA, CNRS, 6 Blvd. Maréchal Juin, 14050

Caen, France. *Phone: +52 1 5539026104, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Zinc oxide is a wide band gap semiconductor that is considered as a

potential material for optoelectronic applications. Rare earth (RE) doping of wide band gap

materials is often used to achieve efficient, controllable and stable emission in a specific

spectral range. However, the incorporation of RE3+ ions into Zn2+ places faces problems due to

a large difference in the ionic radius and different charge states of these ions. In the present

work, the structural properties of undoped and doped with Tb3+ ions thin films of ZnO were

studied. Thin films of thickness of 200 nm and 600 nm were grown by RF magnetron

sputtering on (100) Si substrate. Post-deposition rapid thermal annealing (RTA) for 5 seconds

and conventional thermal annealing (CTA) for 1 hour at temperatures in the range of 300-

900 °C were used. EDX microanalysis showed that Tb concentration in the films was about

0.4% and 4% for the film of 200 nm and 600 nm, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD)

patterns revealed strong preferred orientation along the c-axis of ZnO perpendicular to the

substrate. As-deposited undoped films were under tensile strains along the c-axis caused by

point defects. The strains increased in Tb-doped ZnO and were considerably larger in

ZnO:Tb film with thickness of 600 nm and 4% concentration of Tb that improved the

incorporation of Tb3+ ions into ZnO grains at deposition process. XRD data also showed that

the incorporation of Tb into ZnO impeded the grain growth resulting in a smaller grain size in

ZnO:Tb films (10 nm) as compared to the undoped ones (30 nm). The RTA treatment at up

to 800 oC of both undoped and Tb-doped ZnO films promoted tensile strain relaxation, grain

growth and improvement of ZnO crystal structure, meanwhile the CTA treatment promoted the

non-monotonic changes of strains and grain sizes. Under the CTA at 900 oC an increase of

tensile strains in Tb-doped ZnO film was observed.

Keywords: Zinc oxide; terbium; X-ray diffraction




Synthesis of SiO2-folate nanoparticles for local release of

Cis-Pt in GBM tumors

A. Sosa Arróniz1, 2 *, E. Ortiz-Islas1, J.M Padilla2, M.E Manriquez3 and F. Tzompantzi4.

1Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Insurgentes Sur 3877, Tlalpan, 14269, México.

2Universidad Tecnológica del Centro de Veracruz, Av. Universidad No.350, 94910, México. 3Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Luis Enrique Erro, Zacatenco, 07738, México.

4 Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Av. San Rafael Atlixco, Iztapalapa, 09340, México. *Phone: +521-2781140599, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common tumor that

develops in the brain and it is also the most aggressive of all cancers. Current GBM

treatment includes surgery sometimes accompanied with subsequent radiation and/or

chemotherapy. However, the spread nature of these tumors doesn’t allow the complete

cancer cells removal due to healthy areas can be affected causing neurological damage. On

the other hand, Cis-Pt is used as a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of various types

of cancer including the brain. Unfortunately, Cis-Pt causes several side effects. Therefore,

new strategies for Cis-Pt administration are necessary. Nanomedicine is a possible

solution for the development of new drug administration methods such as drug delivery

systems. In this paper, the synthesis of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs)

functionalized with folic acid for the local release of Cis-Pt in GBM tumors was developed.

The synthesis of MSNPs was carried out by the Stöber method which is widely used to

obtain mesoporous solids. MSNPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy

(TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray

diffraction (XRD). The "in situ" release profiles of Cis-Pt were obtained using artificial

cerebrospinal fluid as the release medium. The images obtained by AFM show the

spherical form of the porous nanoparticles, while the TEM images show the order and

homogeneous porosity in these particles. The X-ray diffraction pattern shows the

characteristic signals of Cis-Pt stabilized in the mesoporous silica nanoparticles indicating

that Cis-Pt doesn’t undergo any structural changes during the Cis- Pt/SiO2 preparation. The

characteristic signals of Cis-Pt into silica were also observed in the infrared spectra. The

release profiles showed a sustained release of Cis-Pt during the time of the test. The

preliminary results indicate that MSNPs may be used as release vehicle of Cis- Pt as a new

alternate for the administration of the Cis-Pt drug. However, as a continuation of our

research biological tests using animal model and cell lines are being made the efficiency of

the Cis-Pt/SiO2 system.

Keywords: GBM tumors, MSNPs, Cis-Pt release. References:

1. P. Fatemeh, H. Mahsa, F. Jadidi, S. Hossein, Y. Mehdi. Nanoparticles: Novel vehicles in

treatment of Glioblastoma.98,107. (2015).




Evaluation of the bioavailability of a mircroemulsion system containing lipid nutrients based on

polyunsaturated fatty acids

Baranda-Hernández T., Reyes-Hernández J., Gallegos-Martínez J., López-Padilla C.

Faculty of nursing and nutrition, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, Álvaro Obregón #64, Col. Centro, C.P. 78000 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P. México Tel. +52 (444) 826 2300. e-mail:

[email protected]

Abstract: Obesity is a chronic degenerative disease that has been increasing in

recent years and is considered a public health problem today. There is a pharmacological

treatment for obesity, this is implemented when dietary treatment and physical activity

fails. These drugs have been studied over the years and most have side effects and adverse

effects, which are harmful to the health of those who consume them, so new ways are

sought to generate a treatment for obesity which does not have a negative effect on the

patient. The nano and microemulsions are technologies which have been implemented in

the development of intelligent drugs, these drugs have the objective of acting on a specific

tissue or give direction to a drug, likewise have been studied the beneficial effects that

have bioactive compounds such as polyunsaturated fatty acids in human health.

Considering previous studies on these technologies and the effect of polyunsaturated fatty

acids, in the present work a system of microemulsions based on flaxseed mucilage and

polyunsaturated fatty acids was carried out. The development of microemulsion was

through homogenization at high pressures and was subjected to in vitro digestion using the

pH-Stat technique in order to evaluate its bioavailability, the degree of lipolysis and

observe its behavior in human digestion.

Keywords: Obesity, nanoemulsiones, microemulsions, in vitro digestion, pH-Stat, bioactive

compounds.




Thermal and Rheological Characterization of a pH- Sensitive Polymeric System for the Encapsulation of

Bioactive Substances

López-Padilla C.1, Gallegos-Martínez J.2, Reyes-Hernández J.2

1Doctorado en Ciencias e Ingeniería en Biomateriales, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis

Potosí Av. Sierra Leona #550, Colonia Lomas 2a. Sección, 78210 San Luis, S.L.P. 01 444 826 2300 ext. 8473

2Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Niño Artillero

#130, Zona Universitaria. CP 78240. Tel: 8-26-23-00, México

Abstract: The use of mucilage gums depends on their functional properties such as

viscosity, foaming and emulsifying properties, gelling and circulating water, these have

been a great alternative for the administration of drugs, macro and micronutrients, still

there are some limitations ranging from biocompatibility to release capacity. The objective

of this work was the thermal characterization of flaxseed mucilage for a drug or

micronutrient encapsulation. Thermo-gravimetric, calorimetric and rheological

analysis of linseed mucilage were performed to compare with similar polymers

already used in the pharmaceutical industry like gelatin and chitosan, these analyses

showed maximum degradation peak at 257 °C for flaxseed, maximum peaks of degradation

of 315.12 °C and 257 °C for gelatin and chitosan respectively. This suggests a good

stability of flaxseed when subjected to thermal treatments, in addition to possible

compatibilities with drugs and bio- components for encapsulation as previously used

chitosan and gelatin; At the same time, the calorimetric analysis of the flaxseed has

presented glass transition temperatures (Tg), which oscillate between 50-80 °C depending

on the heating rate to which it is subjected, which suggests a possible modification in the

structuring of the gel to generate gels mechanically more stable or weak according to the

application. Finally, the gelatinized mucilage of flaxseed showed good stability at pH 2 but

greater structural instability at basic pH, which allows it to be analyzed in an in vitro

digestion in order to establish the degree of release it can have from an encapsulated

component, the mucilage with a concentration of 3% showed the best rheological properties

and indicate that they could be a good alternative for use at room and body temperature.

So far it can be concluded that the flaxseed mucilage has good characteristics and gelling

properties at room temperature and at body temperature with possible applications in the

dosage of drugs Keywords: Foaming, calorimetric, mucilage, biocompatibility

Acknowledgment:

This research was supported by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología



References: 1. San-Ping Z, Li-Yan L, Meng-Jie C, Wei-Lin X. pH- and thermo-sensitive semi-IPN

hydrogels composed of chitosan, N-isopropylacrylamide, and poly(ethylene glycol)-co-

poly(e- caprolactone) macromer for drug delivery. (Youan, 2004)Polym. Bull., 2011;

66:1075–1087. doi 10.1007/s00289-010-0390-y. 2. Chaturvedi K, Ganguly K, Nadagouda MN, Aminabhavi TM. Polymeric hydrogels

for oral insulin delivery. Journal of Controlled Release, 2013; 165:129–138

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.11.005. 3. Youan BBC. Chronopharmaceutics: gimmick or clinically relevant approach to drug

delivery. J. Control. Release, 2004; 98, 337-353.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.11.005

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.11.005



Synthesis and characterization of a polymeric ligament by electrospinning

J.E. Salvatierra1* and E. San Martin1

1Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada del Instituto Politécnico

Nacional, Legaria 694, 11500, Mexico City *Phone: +52 1-5523388494, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Ligament rupture is among the most common musculoskeletal problems.

Nevertheless, an ideal graft transplant helps to bring the patient back to normality. Nowadays,

two types of graph transplants are used, however, they both present disadvantages: autograft,

tends to lose their mechanical resistance when being cultivated, while allograft has a high

probability of being rejected by the patient. The present study focuses on the synthesis and

characterization of polycaprolactone/chitosan nanofibers by electrospinning, to have a

polymeric ligament with mechanical properties like a normal ligament. The ratio of

polycaprolactone to chitosan is 1.5:8.5 respectively giving results of 7.37 MPa of resistance

tension and 5.85% of elongation at break. This preliminary results are not similar like a

normal ligament, on the other hand this can work as a foundation to improve and reach the

desire parameters.

Keywords: ligaments; nanofibers; tissue engineering; polycaprolactone; chitosan;

electrospinning Acknowledgment The authors gratefully acknowledge CONACYT, PIFI – IPN (Mexico) and CICATA for financial

support during this research. References

1. Enhancing the Biomechanical Performance of Anisotropic Nanofibrous Scaffolds in Tendon Tissue Engineering: Reinforcement with Cellulose Nanocrystals - DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201501048 2. Enhanced biological properties of biomimetic apatite fabricated polycaprolactone/chitosan

anofibrous biocomposite for tendon and ligament regeneration.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.10.011

3. (Studies in Mechanobiology, Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials 21) Joaquim Miguel Oliveira,

Rui Luís Reis (eds.)-Regenerative Strategies for the Treatment of Knee Joint Disabilities-Springer

Internat

4. Tenogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stem cells via a combinatory effect of

aligned chitosan-poly-caprolactone nanofibers and TGF-B3 – DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20825g

5. Preparation and characterization of chitosan-based nanofibers by ecofriendly electrospinning.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2014.06.041 6. The return of a forgotten polymer–Polycaprolactone in the 21st century. DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2010.04.002




Synthesis and characterization of Layered-Double Hydroxides Al/Mg assisted by microwave-ultrasound

irradiaton and its evaluation in sorption of reactive textile dye

A.S. Garzón-Pérez1* 1

Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. UPALM Zacatenco

07738. CDMX, México.

*e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: The effluents of the textile industry contain a wide variety of pollutants

such as dye residues, their presence in the environment is undesirable that can cause

contamination of aquifers. There are different technologies commonly used for the removal

of dyes, among which stand out the absorption with Layered-Double Hydroxide Al/Mg

(LDH-Al/Mg). LDH-Al/Mg can be synthesized assisted by thermal treatment methods such

microwave irradiation, ultrasound irradiation and microwave-ultrasound irradiation

(cooperative mode), which allow the control of textural properties such as surface area,

porosity and crystallinity, in addition to decreasing the synthesis time and the pressure

and temperature conditions. For this reason we studied the structure of the LDH-Al/Mg

synthesized by coprecipitation assisted by microwave irradiation, ultrasound irradiation

and cooperative mode in the crystallization stage. The interlayer compounds were:

nitrate, sulfate, and chloride. The solids were characterized by XRD, nitrogen

physisorption and infrared spectroscopy. The synthesized materials were evaluated in

absorption of the reactive dye BEZAKTIV Red S-LF by UV-Vis spectrometry with

activated carbon as a reference. It was found that the LDH-Al/Mg-NO3 assisted by

microwave irradiation removed the greater percentage of the dye compared to the rest of

the materials.

Keywords: Layered Double Hydroxides, microwave irradiation, ultrasound irradiation,

sorption, reactive textile dye. Acknowledgment Acknowledgment to Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas (ESIQIE), Centro Nacional de Nanociencias y Micro y Nanotecnologías

(CNMN) and Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT) References ()

1. S. Paredes, R. Valencia, M. Valenzuela, J. Sánchez and L. Castro. Rev. Mex. De Ing. Quim. (2015) 14 (2), 429-436 2. L. Shu-Ping, and Z. Zhi-Ping. Journal of Disperssion Science and Thecnology, (2006) 27 (8),

1079-1084

3. D. Despoina, S. Kostas, K. Nikolaos and A. Kostas. J. of Chem. Tec. and Biotec., (2011), 87,

575-582.




Functionalization of ceramic support by nanometric

coatings obtained from deep eutectic solvents (DES) to

remove CO2

K.A Vidal-Barrios1, D.I. Téllez Medina1, J.A. Mendoza-Pérez1 and C.E. Sánchez-Fuentes1*

1 Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Wilfrido Massieu s/n U.

Profesor Adolfo López Mateos, Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07738, Ciudad de México, México

*Phone: 044 5518288299, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: The development of new ecological solvents is one of the key issues in

green chemistry as it follows principles such as low toxicity, sustainability, biodegradability

and low cost [1]. In recent research, deep eutectic solvents (DES) proved to be good

absorbers for CO2 capture in post-combustion or pre-combustion processes. In this work,

the synthesis of four different deep eutectic solvents (DES), namely ChCl-GlyOH, ChCl-

Urea, ChOH- Ly, MEACl-EDA [2] was carried out at different molar ratios, and a 1H and 13C NMR analysis was carried out to know the composition of the DES synthesized; being

the DES of ChCl-GlyOH at 1: 2 molar ratio the one that produced better results.

Subsequently, coating with ChCl-GlyOH DES was carried out on the nanopores of a

multichannel support composed of TiO2-Al2O3, which was characterized by means of

FTIR, AFM, SEM and DRX before and after coating. The results of the analysis of AFM,

RAMAN and SEM (EDX), confirmed the existence of a DES film on the ceramic support

with a thickness of 42.9 nm. The evaluation of the DES membrane on the ceramic support

for the separation of CO2 was carried out by obtaining the gas retention rate (GTR) to

obtain the CO2 and N2 permeances [3], which were of 1.7x10-7 and 4.1 x10-7 mol/(s m2

Pa), respectively. The permeability of CO2 and N2 were 21.7261 barrer and 52.398 barrer,

respectively, with a CO2 selectivity of 0.4146. It was found that the DES can capture

effectively CO2 from CO2/N2 gas mixture.

Keywords: DES, CHCl, MEA, EDA, GlyOH, AFM, SEM (EDX), FTIR, GTR, ClCh,

ChOH.

Acknowledgment We thank Dr. Mendoza for the support provided to carry out this research work.

References 1. G. Garcia, S. Aparicio, R. Ullah, and M. Atilhan, "Deep Eutectic Solvents:

Physicochemical Properties and Gas Separation Applications," Energy & Fuels, vol. 29, no.

4, pp. 2616-2644, 2015

2. T. J. Trivedi, J. H. Lee, H. J. Lee, Y. K. Jeong, and J. W. Choi, "Deep eutectic solvents

as attractive media for CO2 capture," Green Chemistry, vol. 18, no. 9, pp. 2834-2842, 2016

3. Standard Method for Determining Gas Permeability Characteristics of Plastic Fil and

Sheeting, A. International, 2003




Effect of the hydrocarbon-chain length of cationic lipids on formation of stable nanoliposomes for gene transfer

into eukaryotic cells

Zulema García García1 and Miguel Ibáñez Hernández1

1Lab. of Gene Therapy of the Department of Biochemistry of the National School of Biological

Sciences of the National Polytechnic Institute. Carpio and Plan de Ayala. Col. Sto Tomás. Miguel

Hidalgo Delegation. Mexico City Mexico.

1Phone: +52 1-5564872595, ext: 62592, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Scientific community has focused on developing different therapeutic

strategies to cure or improve life quality of people suffering from a hereditary or acquired

genetic disease. Currently, gene therapy (GT) is a good strategy based on genetic or

metabolic modification of somatic cells, through the introduction of specific nucleic acids

(DNA or RNA), with the aid of genetic vehicles. Cationic nanoliposomes may be the safest

genetic vehicles for GT. The aim of this work was to find the adequate mixture of lysine-

based cationic lipids which could form stable, efficient and safe nanoliposomes which

could be used for nucleic acid transfer into eukaryotic cells. Lysine-based cationic lipids

with different hydrocarbon chain length (C 18, 20 and 22) were used along with one of

three helper lipids [cholesterol, dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) or

dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC)] in order to form cationic liposomes, which were

characterized and tested for plasmidic DNA transfer into cells in culture. It was found that

the lipid with hydrocarbon chain length of C18, in combination with that of C20 or C22,

along with DOPC (molar ratio 1: 1: 2 respectively) in PBS formed stable nanoliposomes,

followed by those containing cholesterol. However, the lipoplexes formed with C18

cationic lipid mixed with C22 and cholesterol, in addition to plasmidic DNA, were more

efficient in transfecting cells. Lipoplexes formed with these cationic lipids had a

cytotoxicity of less than 5%. Hydrocarbon chain length of cationic lipids is quite important

for transfection efficiency.

Keywords: nanoliposomes, gene therapy, cationic lipids, lipoplexes.

References:

1. Cheng X. and Lee R. 2016 The role of helper lipids in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) designed

for oligonucleotide delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.01.022.

2. Suñé-Pou et al. 2018. Cholesteryl oleate-loaded cationic solid lipid nanoparticles as carriers

for efficient gene-silencing therapy. Int J Nanomedicine. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S158884. 3. Vhora et al. 2018 Colloidally Stable Small Unilamellar Stearyl Amine Lipoplexes for Effective BMP-9 Gene Delivery to Stem Cells for Osteogenic Differentiation. AAPS PharmSciTech. doi: 10.1208/s12249-018-1161-6. 4. Zhi et al. 2018 A review on cationic lipids with different linkers for gene delivery. Adv

Colloid Interface Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2017.12.006.


https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26900977








Determination of Electrochemical Properties of Films Based Fe3O4 OVER Ti6Al4V-Eli

A. Montiel-García1, E. Onofre-Bustamante1*, M.L. Escudero-Rincón2, E.C. De la Cruz-Terrazas3, G.M.

Tavarez- Martínez1, and J.P. León-González1. 1Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada del Instituto Politécnico

Nacional Unidad Altamira, Altamira Tamaulipas, México. Km. 14.5 Carretera Tampico-Puerto

Industrial Altamira, Altamira Tamaulipas C.P. 89290. 2Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas. Av. de Gregorio del Amo, 8, 28040 Madrid,

España. 3CONACyT-Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada del Instituto

Politécnico Nacional Unidad Altamira, Altamira Tamaulipas, México. Km. 14.5 Carretera

Tampico-Puerto Industrial Altamira, Altamira Tamaulipas C.P. 89290. *Phone: +52 1-8332600125, ext: 87517, e-mail: [email protected],

Abstract:Metallic biomaterials are widely used to restore the lost structure and

functions of human bone , orthopaedic implants made of alloy undergo wear and corrosion

with release of particulate and soluble debris into the surrounding tissue and blood. In this

work it is proposed to evaluate the electrochemical properties of films obtained by

potentiostatic pulse-assisted co-precipitation (PP-CP) deposited over Ti6Al4V-Eli. The

anticorrosive properties will be determined by electrochemical techniques such as open

circuit potential (OCP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and polarization

curves in a physiological solution of Hank's . Through the PP-CP, the magnetite film was

obtained over Ti6Al4V-Eli by applying cathodic potential (1 V), to a temperature of 55 ºC,

and NaOH as an oxidizing solution. The open circuit potential gives us thermodynamic

information of the materials under study, in this case of the Ti6Al4V-Eli without and with

coating named as reference and Ti6Al4V-Eli + Fe3O4 respectively, shows an Ecorr ≈ -0.43

V for the reference, presenting a shift towards positive or noble values once it is coated

with Fe3O4; showing an Ecorr ≈ +0.04 V with an ΔEcorr ≈ 0.47 V, which indicates the

presence of a film on the titanium substrate , therefore, this ennoblement is attributed to

the formation of magnetite on the surface. Through the polarization curves, it was

determined that the samples of Ti6Al4V-Eli and Ti6Al4V-Eli + Fe3O4, are not susceptible

to pitting corrosion within the polarization range evaluated.

Keywords: Electrochemical properties; biomaterials; magnetite. Acknowledgment Instituto Politécnico Nacional, project: IPN 183416, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología

(CONACyT), and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalurgicas (CENIM-CSIC, Madrid Spain)

for the support given to this project.

References

1. M. Geetha, A.K.Singh, R.Asokamani, A.K Gogia, Progress in Materials Science, 54 397-425 (2009).

2. S. Chatterjee, A. Bandyopadhyay, K. Sarkar. J Nanobiotechnol, 29:34 (2011).

3. SS. Behera, JK. Patra, K. Pramanik, N. Panda, H.Thatoi, WJNSE 2 196–200 (2012).

4. A. Raghunath, P. Ekambaram, International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 49 137–152 (2017).




Studies of Splat Formation for Building Composite Coatings Thermally Sprayed onto Copper Substrates

Pérez-Hernández P, Alanís-Carranza L.E., Cuenca-Álvarez R., Fuentes Romero M.T

Centro de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica, IPN

Cerrada de Cecati s/n, Azcapotzalco, Santa Catarina, 02250 Ciudad de México

Abstract: Among the different ways to mitigate the corrosion wear of metal

surfaces, in this work, a thermally sprayed coating has been evaluated for protective

applications.

Flame spraying is a process widely used for depositing metallic or non-metallic materials

on substrate surfaces at a semi-solid state. At the impact, each droplet lead to form

lamellae, but several phenomena may take place and then conditioning the coatings

properties.

The aim of this work is focused on the study of the resulting morphologies of droplets at

the impact against substrates (splats) at different thermal spray parameters for building

protective coatings on copper substrates against corrosion wearing.

Keywords: Thermal Spray Coatings, copper, splat



Gold Nanoparticles-Based Nanocomposite biosensor for Salmonella typhimurium detection

P. Abrica-González1*, B.E.Chavez-Sandoval

2, F. García-Franco

2, J.A. Zamora-Justo

1, A. Sotelo- López

1

and J.A. Balderas-López1


City, Mexico 2 Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, 02200,

Ciudad de México, México. *Phone: +52 1-5557296000, ext: 56358, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Among others, a wide variety of pathogenic microorganisms may be

found in the environment, such as E. coli, Salmonella, Enterococcus; this indicates fecal

contamination in water, which is expected to be quickly and accurate detected for food and

environment safety. Biosensors represent a good option for fast detection of pathogenic

microorganisms; amongst them, genosensors based on electrochemical signals obtained

from the hybridization of DNA strands are highly accepted options. This work presents an

electrochemical genosensor based on paramagnetic beads as supporting material and gold

nanoparticles as a marker for rapid detection of S. typhimurium. The design of the

biosensor is based on composite graphite-epoxy electrodes with an integrated magnet for

obtaining cyclic voltammetry signals, coupled with a set of streptavidin functionalized gold

nanoparticles, and and a complementary, noncomplementary, one and three

errors hybridization chain were used. The cyclic voltammetry of the surface was made in

5x10-2

M potassium ferrocyanide solution dissolved in 0.01M sodium chloride with a

sweep speed of 0.01 V/s. The microscopic characterization of the electrodes was

performed; observing that gap widths and composite heights differences were

minimal, confirming a homogeneous material. The complex of gold nanoparticles was

characterized by different microscopies and by cyclic voltammetry, obtaining a

homogeneous distribution and an average nanoparticle size of 20 nm. Various parameters

involved in the new genomagnetic protocol such as hybridization time, hybridization

temperature, amount of paramagnetic beads, oxidation time and oxidation potential, were

examined and optimized.The obtained materials and complexes are of easy fabrication,

obtaining homogeneous results, being good options for the future development of

electrochemical detectors for specific microorganisms [1,2].

Keywords: Gold nanoparticles, salmonella typhimurium, genosensor Acknowledgment

Research supported by UAM and CONACyT México. References 1. K. Huang, J. Sun, X. Xu, D. Niu y W. Xie. Microchim. 168: 51–58. (2010).

2. J. Turkevich, P.C. Stevenson, J. Hillier, Discuss. Faraday Soc. 11, 55 (1951).




Toxicity of AuNPs in Danio rerio as a In Vivo Model

Blanca Estela Chavez-Sandoval1, Paulina Salcido Mendoza2, María Guadalupe Montes de Oca

Yemha2, Miguel Ángel A. Ibáñez Hernández3, Francisco García Franco4, Lilian M. Barandica-Cañón5

1. Department of Applied Mathematics and Systems, UAM-C, Mexico

2. Department of Materials, UAM Azc, Mexico City

3. Biochemistry Department, ENCB-IPN, Mexico City



[email protected]

Abstract: The use of Nanotechnology in a diverse application, and the exposure to

gold nanoparticles specifically, will increase in the coming years. As a result, an increasing

number of people are exposed to new materials whose toxicological characteristics are little

known and this leads us to consider that nanoparticles are one of the most important

emerging risks, because they have different properties and very different effects. Those of

the same materials in conventional sizes, which poses risks for the health of man and other

species.

In this work it is shown the most relevant properties of the gold nanoparticles considering

their potential applications in medicine and the food industry as well as to examine their

possible toxicity on zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model in vivo, in order to collect data to

have a general risk assessment in the field of public health and environment on the use of

these new technologies.

Keywords: Toxicity, AuNPs, Danio rerio

References

1. Grossman, J. (2008) ‘Nanotechnology: Risks, Ethics and Law. Edited by Geoffrey Hunt and

Michael Mehta. London: Earthscan, 2006. 296 pp.’, NanoEthics, 2(1), pp. 99–100. doi:

10.1007/s11569-008-0032-0

2. Gupta R, Xie H. (2018) Nanoparticles in Daily Life: Applications, Toxicity and Regulations. J

Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol;37(3):209-230. doi:

10.1615/JEnvironPatholToxicolOncol.2018026009.

3. Mateo et al. (2013) ‘Gold nanoparticles: Applications and in vitro cytotoxicity’, Acta Toxicol.

Argent, 21(2), pp. 102–109.




Method of Green Synthesis to Obtain Colloidal Solution of Au-Nps

K. J. Lozano-Rojas 1,2*, J. I. Guzmán-Castañeda1, A. García-Bórquez2, J. Roman-Lopez3, I.

B. Lozano-Rojas4. 1ESIQIE-IPN, Ed. 6-UPALM, 07738, CDMX, México. 2ESFM-IPN, Ed. 9-UPALM, 07738, CDMX, México.

3ICN-UNAM, CU, 04510, CDMX, México.

4CICATA-IPN, LEGARIA, 11500, CDMX, México.


Abstract: The nanoparticles (NPs) are of great importance in nonotechnology,

due to their optical, electronic, magnetic, catalytic properties, etc.[1, 2]. Chemical colloidal

methods are based on dissolving a salt of the metal precursor, an agent reductant and a

stabilizer in a continuous phase (dispersant), looking for new alternatives for the production

of NPs, the green synthesis has been proposed. Au nanoparticles (Au Nps) were

synthesized using HAuCl4, as precursor solution obtained in the laboratory using

commercial Au, and as reducing agents grape and aloe-vera were used for synthesis by

green chemistry. It should be mentioned that the synthesis was carried out without the

incorporation of any type of dispersant. The reducing gents were selected due to the content

of ascorbic acid they present, which was quantified by calibration curve using an ascorbic

acid standard. Since it has been determined that the ascorbic acid is the agent that allows

the synthesis of NPs. Au NPs were characterized using Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy

(UV-Vis), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). A plasmon response of 523-532 nm

was observed by the UV-Vis spectroscopic technique. Subsequently through TEM

semispherical forms Au NPs with average sizes of ~ 6 nm were observed, although they

have different sizes. In this way an alternative method for the synthesis of Au NPs is

proposed to employ any dispersant and that the content of ascorbic acid quantified in

the grape and aloe-vera was necessary to carry out the synthesis of NPs.

Keywords: Nanoparticles; UV-Vis; Green chemistry; TEM. Acknowledgment This work was supported by SIP-IPN 2017-2103 project. JIGC thanks CONACyT fellowships. References (3) 1. Moreno-Manas, M.; Pleixats, R. Acc. Chem. Res., 36, 638 (2003).

2. Mick Wilson, Kamali Kannangara, Geoff Smith, Michelle Simmons, Burkhard Raguse.

Nanotechnology: Basic Science and Emerging Technologies. Chapman and Hall/CRC 2002.

3. K. Krihnaswamy, H. Vali, V. Orsat, Journal of Food Engineering, 142, 210-220, (2014)




Design of a Genosensor as a fast test for detection of rifampicin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis for

human Latin populations

Lilian M. Barandica-Cañón1, Blanca Estela Chavez-Sandoval 2, Francisco García

Franco3, Paulina Ábrica González4, Miguel Ángel A. Ibáñez Hernández5




4. Department of Basic Sciences, UPIBI-IPN, Mexico City

5. Department of Biochemistry, ENCB-IPN, Mexico City

[email protected] Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) is a public health problem, in 2014, the World Health

Organization (WHO) reported that 9.6 million people became ill with tuberculosis and 1.5

million died from this disease. More than 95% of deaths from tuberculosis occurred in

developing countries such as Mexico and Colombia.

Conventional diagnostic methods such as smear microscopy and culture tests take a long

time and require qualified professionals. The use of a genosensor represents a rapid and

affordable diagnostic method would be of enormous benefit, these tests can improve patient

outcomes, ensuring patients are treated on time, which reduces the risk of complications

and increased healthcare costs. Importantly, it would also reduce the opportunity for the

transmission and spread of this highly infectious disease. Keywords: Genosensor, Tuberculosis, Human Latin Populations References 1. Perdigão J, Silva (2018) Clonal expansion across the seas as seen through CPLP-TB database: A joint effort in cataloguing Mycobacterium tuberculosis genetic diversity in Portuguese-speaking countries. Infect Genet Evol. pii: S1567-1348(18)30102-3. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.03.011 2. Shepherd JG, Chapman ALN (2016) Assessment and management of active and latent

TB. Practitioner;260(1798):21-4. 3. García JF. Manejo de los efectos adversos del tratamiento antituberculoso. Galicia Clin 2008; 69 (1): 21-28.




A review on semiconductors nanoparticles doped with rare earths and their applications

M.E. Aguilar Jáuregui*, C. Peredo Macías. R.Urbieta Parrazales and S.D.Orantes Jiménez

CIC-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Juan de Dios Batiz, S/N, Nva. Industrial Vallejo,

07320, Mexico City, CDMX, *Phone: +52 1-5557296000, ext: 56655, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: In this work, a review was made about the effects produced by the

process of doping with lanthanide elements (rare earths) on the structural, electronic and

optical properties of semiconductor nanoparticles. One of the main objectives of

nanoscience and nanotechnology is to develop small structures for the design of advanced

materials, high performance nanodevices and miniaturization of electronic devices.

The applications are directed to diverse areas, electronics, biomedicine, optics, chemistry,

environmental with the use of field emitting diodes (FET), light sensors, gas sensors,

biosensors as biological markers, among others. This document gives a brief introduction,

description of the physico-chemical properties and the most recent experimentation.

Keywords: Semiconductor nanoparticles, luminescence, Sensors, FET, Biosensores.

Acknowledgment

Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Centro de Investigacion en Computación, SIP 20182288).

References

1. Zhiren Wei, Yue Lu, Jing Zhao, Shuya Zhao, Ruiqi Wang, Nian Fu, Xu Li, Li Guan,

and Feng Teng. Synthesis and Luminescent Modulation of ZnS Crystallite by a

Hydrothermal Method, Omega 2018, 3, 137−143

2. O.M. Ntwaeaborwa and P H Holloway, Enhanced photoluminescence of Ce3+

induced by

an energy transfer from ZnO nanoparticles encapsulated in SiO2, Nanotechnology 16

(2005) 865–868

3. Haoqiang Zuo, Yun Liu, Jinyang Li, Xiaolei Shi, Weiping Gao, Synthesis and

luminescence properties of Eu3+-doped KLa(MoO4)2 red-emitting phosphor, Superlattices

and Microstructures 85 (2015) 672–679.




Synthesis and characterization of luminescent nanoparticles

M.E. Aguilar Jáuregui1*, J.A. Balderas López1, and E. San Martín Martínez2

1UPIBI, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Acueducto 550, Ticomán, 7340, Mexico City, CDMX,

2CICATA- Unidad Legaria, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Legaria 694, Irrigacción, 11500, Mexico

City, CDMX *Phone: +52 1-5557296000, ext: 56655, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: In this paper, we present the synthesis and structural and spectroscopic characterization of semiconductor nanoparticles of ZnS doped with transition

metal ions (Mn 3+

) and lanthanides (Er 3+

and Ce 3+

). These nanoparticles have optical properties that can be used in various applications, especially in biomedicine, as markers in the detection of a disease. Its optical properties are based on the absorption or emission of light at different wavelengths. The PL studies show very good intensity of the

emission band in the UV region with the increase of co-doping in particular of Mn3+

with Eu3+

. A synthesis method was developed that combines a process of precipitation with Microwaves, and incorporates the impurification material in a same step. The optimal synthesis conditions for nanoparticle size control have been studied by varying one of the precursors, the pH of the product and the time of thermal treatment. Different experimental techniques were used to characterize it. The morphology of the products was evaluated by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The optical properties of the nanoparticles were evaluated through UV-Vis, Photoluminescence and IVIS spectroscopy.

Keywords: Semiconductor nanoparticles; Photoluminescence; absorption and emission;

IVIS spectroscopy.

Acknowledgment

Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CICATA-Legaria, UPIBI, CIC).

References

1. R.Kumar, R.N. Baghel, V.K. Chandra, V.K. Chandra Superlattices and

Microstructures 86 (2015).

2. Song Wei Lu, et al. Synthesis and photoluminescence enhancement of Mn2+

-doped

ZnS nanocrystals, Journal of Luminescence 92 (2001) 73-78.

3. E. Chávez S. et al. 2015. Photopyroelectric techniques for thermo-optical

characterization of gold nano-particles, J Phys: Conf Ser. 582(2015)

4. J.Batalla et al. Encapsulation efficiency of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots by liposomes

determined by thermal lens microscopy. Biomedical Optics Express Vol.6, No.10, 2015.




Design and synthesis of a cationic lipid based on a basic amino acid for gene transfer

Oscar Méndez Guerrero1, Miguel Ibáñez Hernández1

1Lab. of Gene Therapy of the Department of Biochemistry of the National School of Biological Sciences of the National Polytechnic Institute. Carpio and Plan de Ayala. Col. Sto Tomás. Miguel

Hidalgo Delegation. Mexico City Mexico. 1Phone: +52 1-5580176394, ext: 62592, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Gene therapy is the intentional modulation of genetic expression, via

genetic material transfer into specific cells in order to treat pathologic conditions. Genetic

material transfer is achieved by using physical, chemical or biologic strategies, called

vehicles. Within all of these strategies, cationic nanoliposomes, a chemical vehicle, are the

most promising due to their properties such as low immunogenecity, easiness of

preparation and capability of carrying long DNA/RNA vectors. Based on the mentioned

above, the aim of this work is to find a novel cationic lipid which is capable of transferring

nucleic acids into eukaryotic cells, with high efficiency, low cytotoxicity and low cost.

Starting from a long chain fatty acid, a basic amino acid and an amino-alcohol a cationic

lipid was synthesized. An analytical chromatography was developed, using ninhidrine as a

coloring reagent, it was determined the presence of an amphypatic lipid with free amine

groups due to the appearance of a purple stain and the Rf value Rf=0.43. Afterwards,

liposome formation and stability tests were perfomed. To do so, the cationic lipid along

with one of three helper lipids, dioleoylphosfatidilcholine (DOPC),

dioleoylphosfatodilethanolamine (DOPE) or cholesterol, were mixed in different molar

ratios; nanoliposomes obteined this way were considered to be stable if the solution

remained cloudy for more than 3 hours: all molar ratios and combinations performed

were stable, meaning that the cationic lipid is capable of forming stable nanoliposomes.

NTA was performed and nanoliposomes were found to have a size between 136 to 216

nm. So, till the moment, we conclude that our cationic lipid possesses free amino

groups, is amphypatic and is capable of forming estable nanoliposomes, whose size is

asymmetric.

Keywords: gene therapy, cationic lipids, nanoliposomes, lipoplexes, DOPE, DOPC

References:

1. Lundstrom K. (2018) Viral Vectors in Gene Therapy. Diseases. 6 (42): 1-20.

2. Tassler S. et al. (2017) Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. Lysine-based amino-

functionalized lipids for gene transfection: the protonation state in monolayers at the air–

liquid interface. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 19: 20271-20280.

3. Zhi D. et al. (2018). A review on cationic lipids with different linkers for gene delivery.

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science. 253:117-140




Measurement of the Thermal Properties of Gold Nanoparticles by Photopyroelectric Techniques

J. A. Zamora-Justo*, P. Abrica-González, G. R. Vázquez Martínez, J. A. Balderas-López

Department of Basic Sciences. Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología. Instituto

Politécnico Nacional. Av. Acueducto S/N, Col. Barrio la Laguna, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07340, Mexico City, Mexico


Abstract: The characterization of thermal properties of many types of materials

has a great interest in scientific community currently. Photopyroelectric spectroscopy is

used successfully in order to measure the thermal diffusivity, α, from liquids samples. This

technique is based on the absorption of laser radiation by a sample and the detection of the

thermal signal transduced by a pyroelectric material. The thermal behaviour is essential in

studies which need techniques for the spot heating, for instance the photothermal therapy

of many diseases by using metallic nanoparticles. Particularly, the gold nanoparticles are

the most studied in this field. In this work, the design of a photopyroelectric spectrometer

was performed and the thermal diffusivity values from different sizes gold nanoparticles

(5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80 and 100 nm) are reported. There were not found

significant differences between the values of this thermal property among the different

samples.

Keywords: Thermal diffusivity; gold nanoparticles; photopyroelectric spectroscopy

References 1. J. A. Balderas-López, Y. M. Gómez y Gómez, M. E. Bautista-Ramírez 2015 International Journal of Thermophysics 36 844-848

2. G. A. López-Muñoz, J. A. Balderas-López, J. Ortega-Lopez, J. A. Pescador-Rojas 2012 Nanoscale Research Letters 7 667

3. J. A. Balderas-López, A. Mandelis, J. A. Garcia 2000 Review of Scientific Instruments 71 2933




Robotic Tomographic System for Nuclear Imaging

P. Vera-Tizatl1,2*, A. Luviano-Juárez1 C. Santos-Cuevas2 and I. Chairez-Oria3

1UPIITA, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, ZC 07340, Mexico 2Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares (ININ), State of Mexico, ZC 52750, Mexico

3UPIBI, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, ZC 80309 *Phone: +52 1-5557296000, ext: 56358, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: This work summarizes the design of a compact molecular imaging

tomographic system for murine species which consists of a nuclear detector, based on the

Single Photon Emission Tomography (SPECT) technique. This detector is a compact gamma

camera which contains a parallel hole lead collimator; a scintillation crystal made of

LaBr3:Ce; the Hamamatsu’s H9500 Position Sensitive Photo Multiplier Tube (PSPMT) with 256 anode pixels; and the DDC264EVM as the electronic data acquisition. The imaging

system was mounted on a robotic system with cylindrical configuration which executes

characteristic movements of a tomographic gantry used in medical imaging; rotational, axial

and radial. In this robotic system, the sample or animal is not on a mobile structure, it remains

static while the detector moves around and throughout the sample, it simplifies the imaging

process. Furthermore, the proposed design allows both scattered radiation and noise

discrimination by software, selecting only the pulses corresponding to the radioactive energy

source. Additionally, this system is self-shielded to avoid leakage radiation and personnel

radiation exposure. The technological advance in the development of compact gamma

cameras has allowed the improvement of imaging studies in murine species [1, 2].

Keywords: SPECT technique; robotic gantry; small animal dedicated system; compact

gamma camera.

Acknowledgment The authors are grateful for the support of the Mexican National Council of Science and

Technology (CONACyT-PDCPN-2015-01-1040). This research was carried out as part of the

activities of the "Laboratorio Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo de Radiofármacos,

LANIDER-CONACyT”. References 1. S. P. Hume and R. Myers, Current pharmaceutical design, 8:16, 1497-1511, (2002).

2. H. Kume, et al. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 32:1, 448–452, (1985).




Green walls that solve environmental problems

F.A. Naranjo-Castañeda1, L.N. Palacios-Grijalva1, A. Martínez-Jímenez2*, and B.E. Chávez-Sandoval3

1SEP/TecNM-ITTLA, Depto Ciencias Básicas, Av. Instituto Tecnológico S/N, La comunidad,

Tlalnepantla de Baz, Edo. México, 054070, México 2UAM-Azcapotzalco, Depto CBI, Av. San Pablo 180, Azc, CDMX, 02200, México

3ECOTECNIAS CDMX, Av. Rio Frío 9, Colmena, Nicolás Romero, Edo. México, 54475, México

*Phone: +52 1-5525211111, e-mail: amartí[email protected]

Abstract: The development of urbanization in the cities has limited the growth of

biodiversity in green areas, generating problems of overexploitation of natural resources

and environmental pollution [1]. One possible solution is the installation of green walls.

The present research shows the problems and benefits of a natural system. A green wall is a

construction on a vertical surface constituted by organic, inorganic, metallic, polymeric and

composite materials, and mainly of selected and conditioned plants, can be used indoors or

outdoors [2]. The objective is to present solutions, for their care and conservation green

walls in limited spaces. From this study will help us to advance the master's degree project:

Biofotovoltaic energy generation in a modular green wall system. The energy will be

quantified from the photosynthetic absorption. They emerge as a technological innovation,

through strategies and conditioning techniques with biotic and abiotic characteristics.

Contributing this way to sustainable development [3].

Keywords: benefits, problems, surface natural.

Acknowledgment CONACYT Mexico, FANC have an scholarship No. 706588, Master`s program in engineering sciences.

References (3) 1. I. Kowarik, Novel Urban Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Conservation, Environ Pollut, 159, 1974–1983 (2011). 2. J. Beninde, M. Veith, A. Hochkirch, and Biodiversity in Cities Needs Space: A

Meta-Analysis of Factors Determining Intra-Urban Biodiversity Variation, Ecol Lett,

18, 581–592 (2015).

3. M. Manso, J. Castro-Gomes, Green Wall Systems: A Review of Their Characteristics.

Renew. Sustain, Energy Rev., 41, 863–871 (2015).




Synthesis and characterization of the optical properties of

the TTA / Gd2O3: Eu3+

system

Víctor H. Colín Calderón, Antonieta García-Murillo, Felipe de J. Carrillo Romo

IPN CIITEC, Cerrada de Cecati s/n, Azcapotzalco, Santa Catarina, 02250 CDMX e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Luminiscent powders of (TTA = Teoniltrifluruoacetona) TTA /

Gd2O3:Eu3+

were synthesized by sol-gel method, the luminescent properties were increse

in comparation with organic (TTA:Eu3+

5% mol) and inorganic (Gd2O3:Eu3+

5% mol)

the TTA molar ratio was varied TTA:Gd2O3:Eu3+

X:1:0.05 (X=0.08, 0.16, 0.32 y 0.64)

mol. To acquire the sistem TTA / Gd2O3:Eu3+

first able were synthesized Gd2O3:Eu3+

nano powders in presence of Pluronic F-127 as surfactant in order to increase the luminescent intensity. The precursors gadolinium nitrate (Gd (NO3)3,99.9% Sigma

Aldrich), Europium nitrate (Eu (NO3)3, 99.9% Sigma Aldrich), and ethanol (EtOH,

CH3CH2OH, 99.9%, Fermont) were used. The resulting powders were dispersed in etanol

by ultrasonic bath , and finally, the solution of Teonyltrifluruoacetone (TTA) was aggregate into the sol with the appropriate proportions. The luminescent powders obtained from the

TTA / Gd2O3:Eu3+

system were washed to remove the excess of TTA, and the resulting

product was dried at 80 ° C.

Structural analysis was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical properties by

photoluminescence (FL), morphological analysis by using scanning electron microscopy

(SEM) and chemical properties by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

(FTIR).

X-ray diffraction was used to evaluate structural changes as a function of the proportion of

TTA added. The results shown a cubic structure which is characteristic of inorganic matrix

without structural changes for all conditions. In the FTIR spectrophotometry, the presence

of the bond between Gd-O was observed in approximately 544 cm-1

and 438 cm-1

associated with the cubic Gd2O3 of inorganic. The highest peak is associated with the

bond intensity associated with the bond (C = O) of the group Carbonyl appears at 1618

cm-1

showing the evidence of the affinity whith the organic ligand, the

photoluminescence analysis indicated the main transitions of Eu3+

: 5D0 -

7FJ (J = 0, 1, 2

and 3), obtaining the highest luminescent intensity with a TTA ratio: Gd2O3= 0.48 :1.

The luminescent powders of the TTA / Gd2O3:Eu3+

systems have possible applications in

optoelectronic devices due to their luminescent properties observed.

Keywords: Teoniltrifluruoacetona; Gd2O3:Eu3+

; Luminescent

Acknowledgment Proyecto SIP 20180531 CIITEC-IPN




Behavior of nanometric YSZ powders in thermal spray by flame

M. Vicente Mendoza*, C. Morado Rueda, R. Cuenca-Álvarez, F. Juárez López

Instituto Politécnico Nacional-Centro de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica Cd. Mex., C.P. 02250, Mexico


Abstract: Thermal spray by flame has been developed for decades in applications

of metallic materials coatings. However, is not so much known about the behavior of

ceramic powders during the spray with oxy-acetylene flame. In this work, nanopowders

from YSZ were treated inside an oxy-acetylene flame to form ceramic deposits onto

MCrAlY substrates sintered by electric arc. YSZ powders with a diameter of 700 nm

showed morphologies and particle sizes in rapid cooling. An analysis by scanning electron

microscopy shows the formation of a characteristic splats type, and tetragonal crystalline

composition. Finally, the YSZ deposits have a thickness in the range of 40 µm.

Keywords: Nanopowder; 7YSZ; Thermal spray by flame; splats.

References ()

1. C. Cano, M.I. Osendi, M. Belmonte, P. Miranzo, “Coatings Surface & Coatings Technology 201

(2006) 3307–3313.

2. F. Fanicchia, D. A. Axinte, J. Kell. R. McIntyre, G. Brewster, A. D. Norton, Coatings Surface &

Coatings Technology 315 (2017) 546-557.

3. F. Juárez López, E. Serrano Pérez. H. Martínez Gutiérrez, K.J. Martínez González, E. Marín

Moares, Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies, 5, 266-275, (2017).




Synthesis of perovskites for photovoltaic applications

E.K. Sierra1*, F.J. Carrillo1, and A. García2

1Center for Research and Technological Innovation (CIITEC), National Polytechnic Institute (IPN),

Cerrada de Cecati S/N. Col. Santa Catarina Azcapotzalco Mexico City, zip code 02250, Mexico. *Phone: +52 5529155730, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: The present work proposes the synthesis of lead triiodide perovskites

with photovoltaic properties, obtained from a precursor able to substitut methylammonium

iodide (CH3NH3I2), because the use of organic compound methylamine (CH3NH2) is

restricted since they are used for the preparation of medicines and/or substances harmful to

health and the partial sustitution of lead (Pb) by cadmium (Cd) and tin (Sn). [1]

The first stage was the synthesis of the precursor, as from of the compounds N, N- Dimethylformamide (CH3H7NO) and hydriodic acid (HI). The next step was to synthesize lead triiodide perovskite (CH3H7NOPbI3) [2], then the perovskite series was synthesized

with partial substitution of Pb by Cd and Sn [3][4]; (CH3H7NO (PbxCdy) I₃ and

CH3H7NO (PbxSny) I₃ where "y" = 5%, 50% and 95% by weight. Finally, for the test of solar energy capture and conversion to electrical energy, a solar cell was built, resulting in the perovskites with a Pb concentration: Cd = 95: 5 and Pb: Sn = 95: 5, presented 0.064 eV and 0.013 eV respectively.

It is concluded that the crystalline structure of the perovskites provides spaces for the

conduction of electrons which allows the capture of solar energy and transformation into

electrical energy.

Keywords: Perovskite; photovoltaic; solar cell. Acknowledgment

To CIITEC-IPN for opened its doors to carry out this project. To the Center of Nanosciences and Micro and Nanotechnologies (CNMN) for the collaboration to characterization analyzes and to

CONACYT and the SIP for the financial support provided. References

1. Snaith, H. J. (2013). Perovskites: The Emergence of a New Era for Low Cost High Efficiency

Solar Cells. J. Physics. Chemistry. Letters. (4) 21, 3623–3630.

2. Kieslich, G., Sun, S. y Cheetham, A. (2014). Solid-state principles applied to organic–inorganic

perovskites: new tricks for an old dog. Chemical Science, (5), 4711-4718. Duan, H.-H. Wang, Y.

Liu, G. Li, y. Yang. (2014). Planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells via vapor-assisted

solution process. Chemical. Sociality. (136) 2, 622–625.




Synthesis and Characterization of Poly (Styrene-Co-Acrylonitrile) Nanofibers for Potential Development of

Artificial Muscles Rubén Caro Briones1*, Mónica Corea2, Hugo Martínez Gutiérrez3

1Instituto Politécnico Nacional- IPN, ENCB, México. 2Instituto Politécnico Nacional- IPN, ESIQIE, México.

3Centro de Nanociencias y micro y Nanotecnologías del IPN, CNMN - IPN, México *Phone: +52 1-5729-6000, ext: 54239, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: In this work, poly(styrene –co– acrylonitrile) latex were synthesized by

emulsion polymerization via a power feed semicontinous process in different monomeric

compositions: 0/100, 20/80, 40/60, 50/50 %wt/%wt. From these latex, were prepared

polymeric solutions using dimethyl-formamide (DMF) as solvent in 4, 6, 8 and 10 % wt.

Polymeric solutions were used into electrospinning system in order to fabricate nanofibers.

Into the electrospinning system exists three principal parameters to obtain fiber thread, high

voltage, feed rate and work distance1.

The latex, polymeric solutions and fibers were characterized by scanning electron

microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), rheometer, and texture analyser to

evaluate the viability of this material as artificial muscle.

The process of synthesis by emulsion showed control of particle size and morphology

through physical-chemical and kinetic parameters. The viscosity of the solutions at room

temperature increases depending on the polymer content, a content of 8% p and 10% p have

favorable viscosities for the electrospinning process, since less voltage will be required in the

manufacture of fibers. Details the fusion in a set of porous fibers, even creating a cross-

linking between the fibers, you can see how the surface morphology in the branch is smooth

and slightly porous but continuous surface is presented.

Keywords: nanofibers, electrospinning, polymerization. Acknowledgment Acknowledgments are given to the Centro de Nanociencias y Micro y Nanotecnologías of Instituto

Politécnico Nacional for providing scanning electron microscopy services and ESIQIE for providing

dynamic light scattering and rheometer services.

References 1. M. Mondragón, A. S. Garzón, R. Caro, J. Appl. Polim. Sci. 44019, 1-7 (2016).




Preparation of Ceramic Membranes of Nanofiltration by Nano-Deposition to be Used in the Purification of Water

with Diferent Contaminants

Irlanda Grisel Cruz Reyes1*, Angel Morales Ramírez1, Jorge Mendoza Pérez2

1Instituto Politécnico Nacional- IPN, ESIQIE, México. 2Instituto Politécnico Nacional- IPN, ENCB, México.

* e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: New deep eutectic naturals solvents (NADEs) were synthesized by a

green method, starting from sacarose and urea. These have been developed as a type of ionic

liquid and had demonstrated great capacity to remove pollutants from water. The

precursors were mixed at 1:3 molar sacarose/ethylene glycol, and were characterized by

dynamic light scattering, FTIR, Viscosity, Mass Spectroscopy and Nuclear Magnetic

Resonance (NMR) of 1H y 13C. Later, were deposited on ceramic menbranes and presents

enhaces properties, like biodegradable, economical and environmentally friendly.

In Mexico, SEMARNAT and CONAGUA, based on the actions of the National

Development Plan, set the goal of complying with maximum permissible limits (0.1 parts

per million (ppm)) for the discharge of contaminants in water, which is why research has

been developed in the synthesis by " Green chemistry "of solvents capable of eliminating

said pollutants, such pollutants are usually heavy metals such as Cadmium (Cd), Arsenic

(As), Iron (Fe), Zinc (Zn) [3] and synthetic dyes[1]. This type of green solvents are

called Natural Deep Eutetic Solvents (NADEs); These are environmentally friendly in the

degradation of pollutants since they are biodegradable, non-toxic, recyclable, non-volatile

and non- flammable. NADEs use cellular components such as sugars, alcohols, amino

acids, organic acids and choline derivatives as the main reagent. In the present work,

NADEs were synthesized with nanometer particles of sucrose which allow the removal of

pollutants in the aqueous phase of Chromium (Cr) and Nickel (Ni).

Keywords: ionic liquid, deep eutectic naturals solvents References

[1] Justyna Płotka-Wasylka, Małgorzata Rutkowska, KatarzynaOwczarek, Extraction with

environmentally friendly solvents, TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Volume 91, June 2017,

Pages 12-25.




Comparation of current–voltage characteristics of OLEDs using PlexCore R-155 as HTL versus Alq3 as ETL

G.L. Araujo-Bernal*, A.R. Ramos-Diaz1, and R. Gómez-Aguilar2

*,1Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas,

Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional s/n, 07328, Ciudad de México, México 21Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria en Ingeniería y Tecnologías

Avanzadas, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2580, 07340, Ciudad de México, México. *Phone: +52 1-5530307495, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Presenting a comparison of the changes of the characteristic curves of

current -voltage of organic light-emitting diodes. The device has des multilayer of

ITO/4,4,4-tris[phenyl(m-tolyl)amino]triphenylamine (98% pure)/MEH-PPV(2.5 mg/ml

chloroform)/GaIn and ITO/Alq3 (1.05 mg/mL DMF)/GaIn. It was constructed using a

conductive flexible sustrate of ITO about which was deposited from a spin coating

depending of the case 4,4,4-tris[phenyl(m-tolyl)amino]triphenylamine (98% pure), MEH-

PPV mg/ml chloroform) or Alq3 and finally the GaIn bying dropcasting which is the second

metallic contact. The solution of MEH-PPV cover by electrodes rotation of ITO.

Afterwards, a layer of Alq3 was deposited as the same techinque as earlier which cover

the previous of MEH-PPV. Finallly an electrode of GaIn was deposited over a

circular mask of a diameter nearly of 3 mm by dropcasting. Also, the spectrums of

luminiscence of devices which were constructed by 4,4,4-tris[phenyl(m-

tolyl)amino]triphenylamine (98% pure) and Alq3 are added of this paper. All of the

spectrums coincide with the luminiscence spectrum of MEH-PPV. The caracteristics of I-V

graphs are shown a significant difference. And the presence of the materials 4,4,4-

tris[phenyl(m-tolyl)amino]triphenylamine (98% pure) and Alq3. Their showed as a sliding

of threshold voltage and on-voltage.

Keywords: Electroluminiscence; photoluminescence; transportting-layer-gap; transportting

electron layer; caracteristic curve voltage-current.

Acknowledgment Project registred as IPN-SIP:20180862

References

1. Su, CY. & Hua, CC. J Polym Res (2017) 24: 12. Springer Netherlands. 1022-9760 2. Das R., Chanda A. (2016) Fabrication and Properties of Spin-Coated Polymer Films. In: Fakirov

S. (eds) Nano-size Polymers. Springer, Cham. 978-3-319-39713-9

3. A. H. Reshak; M. M. Shahimin; N. Juhari; S. Suppiah.(2013). Electrical behaviour of MEH-PPV

based diode and transistor. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology. Elsevier BV.




Synthesis of silica-carbon composites core-shell type

H.A. Rosas1*, and R.P. Reyes1

1Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, BUAP, Blvd 14 sur y Av. San Claudio Edif. FCQ3, Laboratorio de Catálisis 208, 72570, Mexico

*Phone: +52 01 222 229 5500, ext: 7531, e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: In the present work, mesoporous silica-carbon composite

materials were studied, as an alternative to the use of each of its components

separately and take advantage of the synergy between its properties to optimize

the performance of these materials in specific applications [1, 2]. First, spherical

nanoparticle precursor hybrid materials with a solid core of silica coated with a

mesoporous silica layer were synthesized. Subsequently, these organic-inorganic

materials were subjected to a controlled carbonization process, to convert the

organic structuring template of the mesoporous silica layer directly into carbon

[3]. Finally, the carbon layer of the composite materials was functionalized with

sulphonic acid groups, to be tested as catalysts in the dehydration of 2-propanol

and the esterification of oleic acid with methanol. Additionally, the silica-carbon

composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and nitrogen

adsorption. Keywords: core-shell; silica-carbon; esterification.

References 1. P. Valle Vigón, Síntesis de materiales mesoporosos compuestos, sílice/carbono y su empleo

como plataforma para la fabricación de materiales con propiedades avanzadas. Tesis Doctoral,

Universidad de Oviedo. (2013).

2. F. Hoffmann, M. Cornelius, J. Morell, M. Froba, Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 45,

3216 (2006).

3. L. Peng, A. Philippaerts, X. Ke, J. Van Noyen, F. De Clippel, G. Van Tendeloo, P.A. Jacobs, B.

Sels,F. Sels, Catalysis Today. 150, 140 (2010).




Synthesis and characterization of bi-metallic carbon supported electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction

(ORR)

J. Soto-Hernández1*, C.R. Santiago-Ramírez1,2, E.Y. Cervantes-Aspeitia1,2, L.P.A. Guerrero- Ortega1,

J.Vera-Iturriaga2, M.L. Hernández-Pichardo2, A.Manzo Robledo1

1Instituto Politécnico Nacional-ESIQIE, Laboratorio de Electroquímica y Corrosión, UPALM,

07738, Mexico. 2Instituto Politécnico Nacional-ESIQIE, Laboratorio de Investigación de Fisicoquímica y

Materiales, UPALM,0773, Mexico.

*[email protected]

Abstract: The development of catalysts in nanometric scale for enhancing the electrocatalytic

activity and stability of materials used in fuel cells is a key factor to solve the energy and

environmental problems that have become prevalent in our society [1]. This situation still represents

a major challenge due to the high cost and limited resources of noble metals such as platinum[2,3].

Recent efforts have focused on the synthesis of palladium-based materials for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In this work, the catalytic activity of a homemade Pd (10 wt%) and PdCu (Pd

5wt%- Cu5wt%) carbon-supported catalysts as well as Pd/C (10 wt%) from commercial source has

been studied for the ORR in alkaline media. Palladium and copper nanoparticles were supported on

carbon vulcan (90 wt%) by impregnation method at 80°C for 3h. The synthetized electrocatalysts

(Pd/C and PdCu/C) were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction

(XRD) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). Also, the electrocatalytic activity was

monitored by cyclic and linear voltammetry. While electrochemical surface area (ECSA) was

obtained from CO-stripping reaction. A crystallite size of ca. 5 and 12 nm, and ECSA values of 93.8

and 65.3 m2g Pd -1 for PdCu/C and PdC, were calculated. It was found that PdCu catalyst exhibit a

better activity and enhanced stability for ORR than monometallic Pd/C, with an onset potential of

0.946 V/RHE and a half-wave potential of 0.81 V/RHE. These results are similar to those obtained

from commercial Pd/C catalyst. The enhancement effects should be attributed to synergic effect of

copper with palladium, crystallite size and higher ECSA. These results are promising for the designs

of catalysts with lower noble-metals content to improve the activity of several energy-related

electrochemical reactions.

Keywords: Oxygen-reduction reaction, nanoparticles, electrocatalysis.

Acknowledgment

The authors thank the financial support from CONACyT giving through the

doctoral fellowship.

References 1.Winter M, Brodd RJ. Chem Rev 2004;104:4245–69

2. Lu Y, Jiang Y, Gao X, Wang X, Chen W. J Am Chem Soc 2014;136:11687–97. 3. Tang DP, Pan J, Lu SF, Zhuang L, Lu JT. Sci China Chem 2010;53:357–64.

mailto:%[email protected]



Formic acid electro-oxidation on carbon supported Pt-Pd bimetallic nanoparticles for fuel cells

L.E González-Sánchez1, L.P.A. Guerrero-Ortega2, J. Soto-Hernández2, E. Ramirez- Meneses1*, A.

Manzo-Robledo2, L.M. Palacios-Romero3, V. Garibay-Febles3.

1Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos. Universidad Iberoamericana.

Prolongación Paseo de la Reforma 880, Lomas de Santa Fe, C.P. 01219, Ciudad de México. 2 Laboratorio de Electroquímica y Corrosión. Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas-Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Unidad Adolfo López Mateos, Zacatenco, C.P. 07738

Ciudad de México. 3Laboratorio de Microscopia Electrónica de Ultra Alta Resolución. Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo.

Eje Lázaro Cárdenas Norte 152 Colonia San Bartolo Atepehuacán, C.P. 07730, Ciudad de México.

*Phone: 5950-4000, ext.: 4057 e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: At present, one of the challenges for nanomaterials is their size and shape

control for different applications. The use of size-controlled metal nanoparticles as

electrocatalyts has produced an enhancement in the electrochemical activity of different

reactions, which is an alternative energy that reduce air pollutant emissions. In this work, a

series of monometallic and bimetallic platinum and palladium nanostructured materials

have been synthesized from the organometallic precursors bis(dibenzylideneacetone)

palladium (0), Pd(dba)2 and tris(dibenzylideneacetone) diplatinum Pt2(dba)3, with

different weight ratios Pt7Pd3, Pt5Pd5, Pt3Pd7 and Pt10 and Pd10 supported on carbon

Vulcan [1]. The as-obtained supported nanoparticles have been evaluated as

electrocatalysts in the formic acid oxidation reaction. The current-versus-potential

characteristics obtained from cyclic voltammetry technique showed that palladium the

presence of Pd enhance the CO desorption from the surface of bimetallic PtPd

nanoparticles and it has an important effect on the reaction- performance.

Keywords: Formic acid electro-oxidation; bimetallic Pt-Pd nanoparticles.

Acknowledgmen

The authors thank the facilities provided in the Electrochemistry and Corrosion Laboratory of the

ESIQIE-IPN, CONACyT and Dirección de Investigación-Universidad Iberoamericana for financial

support.

References 1. Ramirez-Meneses E., Dominguez-Crespo, M. A, Torres-Huerta A. M. Stabilized Metal

Nanoparticles from Organometallic Precursors for Low Temperature Fuel Cells. Recent Patents on

Nanotechnology, 7(1), 13–25 (2013).


Author Index - 138

Author Index

A. Casas Mendoza, 47

A. Cruz Ramírez, 42, 43

A. García Bórquez, 54, 121

A. García Murillo, 47, 129

A. García, 54, 69, 121, 131

A. Garrido Hernández, 47

A. Guillen Cervantes, 100

A. Hernández Hernández, 33

A. I. Díaz Cano, 74

A. J. Herrera Carrillo, 39

A. Jiménez Jiménez, 54

A. Luviano Juárez, 127

A. M. Paniagua Mercado, 54

A. M. Rodríguez Hernández,

106

A. Manzo Robledo, 136

A. Manzo Robledo, 32, 33,

35, 49, 137

A. Martinez Jiménez, 31, 128

A. Martinez Rivas, 12, 53

A. Montiel Garcia, 41, 99, 117

A. Morales Ramírez, 133

A. Moreno Ibarra, 102

A. Muñoz Diosdado, 59, 68

A. Ortiz Morales, 3

A. P. Navarrete López, 14

A. P. Reyes Correa, 91

A. Peña Barrientos, 10

A. Pérez de Olarte, 14

A. R. López Rivera, 100

A. R. Ramos Diaz, 18, 134

A. S. Garzón Pérez, 114

A. Santana Cruz, 104

A. Sosa Arróniz, 109

A. Sotelo López, 119

B. E. Chavez Sandoval, 11,

26, 31, 40, 44, 45, 46, 102,

119, 120, 122, 128

B. Guzmán Martinez, 61, 65

B. Rojas Eslava, 102

B. Tovar Corona, 23

B. Vladimir Cabrera

Nanclares, 11

C. A. Alvizo Báez, 77

C. D. de la Cuesta Tellez, 39

C. E. Sánchez Fuentes, 104,

107, 115

C. Falcony Guajardo, 6

C. G. Villavicencio Carvajal,

90

C. García Gutiérrez, 79

C. García Gutiérrez, 79

C. Hernandez Vasquez, 93

C. Juárez Balderas, 34

C. López Padilla, 110, 111

C. Magdaleno López, 92

C. Márquez, 63

C. Morado Rueda, 130

C. N. García Hernández, 39

C. Padilla Mejía, 37

C. Peredo Macías, 123

C. R. Santiago Ramírez, 136

C. Ríos Ramírez, 3

C. Rodríguez Martínez, 7

C. Rodríguez Padilla, 77

C. Séverac, 12

C. Velasquillo Martínez, 84.

D. A. Ávila de Elias, 43

D. A. Montoya Arteaga, 38

D. Cortés Ceja, 26

D. Díaz Alonso, 36

D. E. Benítez Zequeira, 39

D. E. Nicolás Álvarez, 19

D. F. Ramirez Melgarejo, 42

D. Gómora Herrera, 104

D. I. Medina, 96

D. I. Téllez Medina, 107, 115

D. M. Bravo Estupiñan, 87

D. Quintanar Guerrero, 52

D. Rodríguez, 71

D. Soto Muñoz, 106

E. Alarcón Hernández, 87

E. C. de la Cruz Terrazas, 103

E. C. De la Cruz Terrazas, 117

E. Dague, 12

E. Dehonor Márquez, 86

E. F. Reguera Ruíz, 5

E. F. Vázquez, Vázquez, 100

E. G. Luna Tolentino, 35

E. Hernández Sánchez, 56

E. J. Galindo Pérez, 40

E. J. Quintana Gastelum, 42

E. J. Zapata Estrada, 39

E. K. Sierra, 131

E. Lorenzo Cristobal, 14

E. Miguel Díaz, 54

E. Neri, 101

E. O López Villegas, 48

E. Onofre Bustamante, 41, 99,

117

E. Ortiz Islas, 109

E. Ramirez Meneses, 32, 33,

34, 35, 49, 137

E. Rioja Guerrero, 50

E. Rodríguez, 71

E. San Martín Martínez, 60,

67, 73, 113, 124

E. V. García Báez, 56

E. V. Gómora Álvarez, 42

E. Velarde Granados, 81

E. Vigueras Santiago, 75, 81,

86

E. Y. Cervantes Aspeitia, 136

E.E. Morales-Irigoyen, 63

F. A. Naranjo Castañeda, 40,

128

F. de J. Carrillo Romo, 47,

129, 131

F. García Franco, 11, 26, 37,

38, 39, 40, 42, 43, 45, 46, 91,

119

F. Gonzalez Pérez, 37

F. J. Hernandez Cuevas, 20,

95

F. J. Rodriguez Gomez, 41

F. Javier Renero Carrillo, 36

F. Juárez López, 130

F. Martínez Gutiérrez, 84

F. Tzompantzi, 109

G. Aparicio Ozores, 48

G. Bobadilla Barrón, 74

G. García Salazar, 52

G. Gutiérrez Ospina, 69

G. Hernández López, 97

G. L. Araujo Bernal, 134

Author Index - 139

G. L. Rueda Morales, 74, 76

G. M. Rodríguez Benítez, 43

G. M. Tavarez Martinez, 41,

117

G. Maldonado Morales, 37

G. Martínez Castañón, 84

G. Nute Castañeda, 75, 81

G. Ortega Cervantez, 18, 74,

76

G. Paulin Yañez, 98

G. R. Vázquez Martínez, 25,

126

G. S. Aguilar Moreno, 82

H. A. Calderón, 101

H. A. Rosas, 135

H. Báez Medina, 13

H. Cruz Martínez, 96

H. J. Ávila Paredes, 26

H. M. Alfaro López, 96

H. Martínez Gutiérrez, 18,

132

H. Romero Ramírez, 58

H. T. Yee Madeira, 94

H. Y. Espinosa Domínguez,

44

I. Arzate Vazquez, 57

I. Betancourt, 34, 35

I. Grisel Cruz Reyes, 133

I. Mendoza Salazar, 58

I. P. Torres Avila, 56

J. A. Andraca Adame, 19, 20,

21, 95

J. A. Balderas López, 59, 68,

119, 124, 126

J. A. Chavez Medina, 79

J. A. Mendoza Pérez, 107,

115, 133

J. A. Ortega Cardenas, 94

J. A. Reyes Esqueda, 75

J. A. Zamora Justo, 59 68,

119, 126

J. Arandia Barrios, 38, 43

J. C. Ibarra Arán, 71

J. C. Ortiz Herrera, 96

J. D. Hernández Varela, 15

J. de J. Pérez Bueno, 92

J. E. Morales Muñoz, 14

J. E. Salvatierra, 113

J. Gallegos Martínez, 110, 111

J. I. Chairez Oria, 28, 50, 127

J. I. Gallardo Díaz, 37

J. I. Guzmán Castañeda, 121

J. J. Chanona Pérez, 15, 17,

19, 57, 98

J. J. Velez, 80

J. L. Castrejón Flores, 56

J. L. Rodríguez Santillán, 20

J. L. Vega Alonso, 39

J. M Padilla, 109

J. M. Alcocer González, 77

J. M. Del Rio García, 89

J. M. Flores Márquez, 93

J. M. Velez, 80

J. Nicolás Bermúdez, 57

J. O. Martínez Martinez, 103

J. Oroz Duarte, 50

J. Ortiz López, 74, 76

J. P. Grolier, 89

J. P. León González, 41, 99,

117

J. Piloni Martini, 98

J. Ramírez Nava, 50

J. Ramírez Santos, 69

J. Reyes Hernández, 110, 111

J. Roman Lopez, 121

J. Santoyo-Salazar, 53

J. Soto Hernández, 136, 137

J. V. Méndez Méndez, 19, 57

J. Vera Iturriaga, 136

J. Wang, 61, 65

K. A Vidal Barrios, 115

K. A. Neri, 20, 21

K. J. Lozano Rojas, 121

K. Philippot, 34

L. A. Aguilar Martínez, 39, 42

L. A. Manzanarez Jiménez, 79

L. Alamilla Beltrán, 61

L. Barranco Juárez, 13

L. Borkovska, 108

L. Chen, 65

L. Dorantes Alvarez1, 48

L. E González Sánchez, 49,

137

L. E López Ruiz, 60

L. E. Alanís Carranza, 118

L. Herrera Colin, 20

L. I. Garay Jiménez, 23

L. L. Morales Soriano, 38

L. López Hernández, 102

L. M. Barandica Cañón, 11,

40, 45, 46, 120, 122

L. M. Palacios Romero, 34,

137

L. N. Palacios Grijalva, 31,

128

L. P. A. Guerrero Ortega, 32,

33, 35, 49, 136, 137

L. Ruiz Virgen, 89

L. Santos Cuevas, 50, 127

M. A. A. Ibáñez Hernández,

59, 87, 88, 116, 120, 122, 125

M. A. Aleman, 95

M. A. Castillo

Campohermoso, 106

M. A. Dominguez Crespo,

103

M. A. González Trujillo, 93,

94

M. A. Hernández Pérez, 32,

34, 35

M. A. Kassem, 106

M. A. López Carrillo, 76, 95

M. A. López Castillo, 95

M. A. Meléndez Lira, 29

M. A. Pérez Díaz, 84

M. A. Pérez Sosa, 32, 49

M. A. Ramírez Giles, 43

M. Aguilar Méndez, 82

M. C. González Solís, 63

M. C. Moreno Lafont, 58

M. Camacho López, 81

M. Cervantes Contreras, 29

M. Corea, 89, 132

M. Cortés Higareda, 51

M. D. Muñoz García, 24

M. de L. Moreno Rivera, 44

M. de L. Ramos García, 51

M. E Manríquez, 109

M. E. Aguilar Jáuregui, 123,

124

M. E. López García, 40

M. E. Martínez Pardo, 84

M. G. Magaña Meza, 42

M. G. Molina González, 24

Author Index - 140

M. G. Montes de Oca Yemha,

120

M. G. Valverde Aguilar, 90

M. García Perez, 43

M. Garfías Moreno, 37

M. I. Baeza Ramírez, 84

M. J. Cervantes García, 107

M. J. Perea Flores, 10

M. L. Albor Aguilera, 93, 94

M. L. Corona Rangel, 51

M. L. Escudero Rincón, 117

M. L. Hernández Pichardo,

27, 136

M. L. Saucedo-Muñoz, 54

M. Luna Trujillo, 32, 33, 49

M. Martínez García, 91

M. Montaño Samaniego, 88

M. O. Franco Hernández, 63

M. P. Pérez Reyes, 37

M. Ramírez Salinas, 16

M. T. Fuentes Romero, 118

M. Tamura, 4

M. Tépox Escalona, 38

M. Trejo Valdez, 14

M. Vicente Mendoza, 130

M. Zambrana, 100

N. C. l. Galván Ortiz, 104

N. Cayetano Castro, 19

N. Güemes Vera

N. Hernandez Como, 95

N. Hernández Sebastián, 36

N. O. Gama, 67, 73

O. E. Cigarroa Mayorga, 100

O. G. Súchil, 16

O. Méndez Guerrero, 125

O. Mounzer, 106

O. Solorza Feria, 96

P. Abrica González, 25, 59,

68, 119, 122, 126

P. López Salazar, 19

P. Melchor Macias, 37, 38

P. Pérez Hernández, 118

P. Salcido Mendoza, 120

P. Silva Bermudez, 84

P. Vera Tizatl, 127

P. Vergara Aragón, 90

R. A. Chougui Escorcia, 102

R. B. Cortés Herrera, 108

R. Baca, 21

R. Borja Urby, 19

R. Caro Briones, 132

R. Cruz-Muñoz, 63

R. Cuenca Álvarez, 118, 130

R. Domínguez Flores, 31

R. E. Badillo Rodríguez, 40

R. G. Betancurt Mendoza, 11

R. G. Casañas Pimentel, 22,

60, 67, 73

R. García Rosales, 47

R. Gómez Aguilar, 18, 134

R. Gonzalez Salgado, 42

R. Limas Ballesteros, 61, 65

R. López Ramírez, 86

R. Lopez Santiago, 10, 58

R. P. Reyes, 135

R. Sánchez Sánchez, 84

R. Urbieta Parrazales, 123

S. A. Mercado Luengas, 43

S. Bautista Baños, 51

S. Cápula, 16

S. Corona Avendaño, 26

S. D. Orantes Jiménez, 123

S. Gallardo Hernández, 100

S. Hernández López, 75, 81,

86

S. L. Baltierra Uribe, 58

S. Proa Coronado, 12

S. S. Flores Jaramillo, 3

S. Santos Camarillo, 38

S. Tokonami, 9

S. Vázquez Bautista, 33, 49

S. Ysais Chong, 38

T. Baranda Hernández, 110

T. Espinosa Solares, 82

T. Fregoso Aguilar, 107

T. Iida, 4, 9

T. Kryshtab, 108

V. Cortés Rodríguez, 48

V. Garibay Febles, 32, 34,

101, 137

V. H. Colín Calderón, 129

V. M. López Hirata, 54

W. Calleja Arriaga, 36

X. Portier, 108

Y. Yamamoto, 9

Z. García García, 116

Z. N. Correa Pacheco, 51


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Acknowledgement This proceedings was developed by collaborative effort of Asociación Mexicana Transdisciplinaria de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, A. C.

Guillermo Rocael Vázquez-Martínez [email protected] Paulina Abrica-González [email protected] José Alberto Zamora-Justo Alejandro Muñoz Diosdado

[email protected] [email protected]

Asociación Mexicana Transdisciplinaria de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología,

A. C. The Asociación Mexicana Transdisciplinaria de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, A.C. (AMEX-TNN, A.C), was established on 2017, first of its kind in Mexico, aiming to collaborate with professionals, students, entrepreneurs and researchers from different areas, in order to create a transdisciplinary network, aligning the efforts into nanoscience and nanotechnology. Being an associate to the AMEX-TNN, improves linking opportunities to strengthen, share and update knowledge, networking with the industry, academic and government professionals. Mission Promote the active participation of the academia through diverse disciplines, widening the field of action of nanoscience and nanotechnology, linking public, private and industrial sectors. Open the knowledge of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology to society. Participate on National and International Nanoscience and Nanotechnology promotion and diffusion programs. Develop the research collaboration between worldwide researchers and other members of the society. Promote culture and education on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. Vision Integrate different disciplines with Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, through several academic activities. Establish the International Congress on Transdisciplinary Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICTNN, Mexico City, 2018), as the most important Nanoscience and Nanotechnology congress in Mexico. Establish a scholarship program for high level human resources for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. Objectives Foster Nanoscience and Nanotechnology development for the benefit of environment and society, through knowledge, research and technology, integrating diverse disciplines. Implement and promote Nanoscience and Nanotechnology divulgation activities.

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