conferinta bucuresti 7-9 iunie 2013-program
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programul conferintei Facultatii de Sociologie si Asistenta Sociala a Universitatii din BucurestiTRANSCRIPT
Conference Programme 7-9 June 2013
ANNUAL NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE FACULTY OF SOCIOLOGY AND SOCIAL WORK
Saturday, 8th June 2013
09.30-10.00 Registration
10.00-11.00 Keynote lecture Irina Culic - Interstitial Transnationalism: Productive and Corrosive Liminality at
Economic Class Immigrants to Canada Room 201
11.00-11.30 Coffee Break
11.30-13.30 Session 1 Room 101 Session 3 Room 201 Session 5 Room 301
Characters in stories of expert knowledge
Urban bodies, urban communities
Conceptualizing communities and networks
13.30-15.00 Lunch Break
15.00-17.00 Sesiunea 2 Sala 101 Session 4 Room 201 Sesiunea 6 Sala 301
Temporalități multiple și cadre (crono)structurale în procesele
de organizare socială (I)
The experience of "home" through time and space (I)
Sociologia ca privire de la distanță: ordine observată,
ordine impusă?
17.00-17.30 Coffee Break
17.30-19.30 Sesiunea 2 Sala 101 Session 4 Room 201 Session 7 Room 301
Temporalități multiple și cadre (crono)structurale în procesele
de organizare socială (II)
The experience of "home" through time and space (II)
Managing distance exclusion, marginality, and stigma
Sala 301
3
Keynote lecture
INTERSTITIAL TRANSNATIONALISM: PRODUCTIVE AND CORROSIVE LIMINALITY AT ECONOMIC CLASS IMMIGRANTS TO CANADA
Irina Culic Babeș-Bolyai University [email protected]
The presentation discusses the main approach in present international migration scholarship, transnationalism. Mapping the theoretical and empirical contributions to the concept, it highlights the blind spots of this cartography. The critique is constructed from empirical material resulted by investigating economic class immigration from Romania to Canada. It comprises data collected through ethnographic fieldwork, memoirs, interviews, narratives and discourses on internet forum, Canadian white and green papers, and reports of organizations working with immigrants in Canada. Countering celebratory accounts of transnationalism, the sobering version it proposes uncovers the interstices and holes of the networks of connections and social relations that define transnational social spaces. Introducing the notion of captivity, which refers to states of liminality or inertness generated by uncertainty about one’s future course of action, the paper discusses its conditions of possibility. It first identifies productive and self-making captive ways of liminal living at applicants in waiting to receive the permanent resident visa; then dispossessing and self-corroding captivity taking the form of transnationalism at landed immigrants that struggle between two countries. Unlike the transnational social spaces theorized by most immigration scholars, the cross-border spaces in which captive migrants move are characterized by multi-stranded lack, and require from immigrants deep emotional work, strong mobilization of the imagination, and the routinization of ambivalence.
5 Characters in stories of expert knowledge | 11.30-13.30 | Room 101
Session 1: Characters in stories of expert knowledge
8th June, 11.30-13.30, Room 101
Convenor: Cosima Rughiniș Moderator: Ileana Cinziana Surdu
REPAIR, DIGITALIZATION AND REFLEXIVE EMBODIMENT: MOTORCYCLING CULTURE BEFORE AND AFTER THE ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTION
Gabriel Jderu University of Bucharest, Department of Sociology [email protected]
Existing studies of moto-mobility are generally focused on the practices and culture motorcycles usage. They tend to ignore the repair and maintenance of motorcycles, as well as the sociality that they generate. The present study describes how motorcycle culture has changed over time as a result of technological development. The early 1990s wave of digitalization of auto-mobility heavily transformed the material interaction between motorcyclists and motorcycles. The digitization of engines transformed them into black-boxes. Nowadays motorcycles repair and maintenance rely on and require expert systems, eliminating the active role and agency of pre-fuel-injection and pre-digitalization bikers. The past riders had an active role in relation to repair. Nowadays riders gained autonomy from technological breakdown, but lost the active agency offered by repair and maintenance. Using qualitative interviews with male and female motorcyclists, ethnographic data gathered in a mechanics training course, data gathered from bikers’ internet forums and participative observation at bikers’ meetings in Bucharest, Romania, I analyze biker-motorcycle interaction from the perspective of reflexive embodiment theory. I will present the implications for motorcycle culture of this shift from carburation to injection based motors. The larger implication of this research is that mobility studies should pay more attention to the growing literature on social studies of repair and maintenance. From this vantage point, a new chronology of moto- and auto-mobility is required. Whereas the vast majority of auto-mobility histories center on the emergence and transformations of mass production and mass consumption, a repair and maintenance centered perspective generates a different picture.
MIHAI POP - DE LA ŞCOALA SOCIOLOGICĂ LA ŞCOALA ETNOLOGICĂ
Rucsandra Pop Universitatea din Bucureşti, Facultatea de Litere [email protected]
Spre deosebire de celelalte ştiințe sociale care au fost interzise, etnologia şi folclorul au supraviețuit în România în perioada comunistă, fiind instrumentalizate de către regim. Paradoxal, în această perioadă, etnologia română s-a sincronizat cu discursul ştiințific occidental. Mihai Pop face parte din generația de intelectuali care s-a afirmat între cele două războaie mondiale. Cu o formare europeană la intersecția mai multor discipline (lingvistică, teoria literaturii, sociologie, etnografie şi folclor), după 1949, Pop devine treptat una dintre figurile centrale ale etnologiei româneşti. Începând cu anii şaizeci, revine pe scena ştiințifică internațională, punându-se la curent cu noile evoluții în semiotică şi antropologie culturală. Fără a avea o operă teoretică vastă, Pop a avut o poziție dominantă în domeniul etnologiei şi antropologiei în România. Traseul profesional al lui Mihai Pop este ilustrativ pentru evoluția disciplinelor în care a activat prin faptul că a acoperit aproape un secol, a traversat trei regimuri politice şi a conectat lumea ştiințifică românească la cea internațională.
6 Characters in stories of expert knowledge | 11.30-13.30 | Room 101
RHETORICAL CONSTRUCTION OF LAY PERSONS' PHYSIOGNOMICAL ABILITIES IN CURRENT EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
Cosima Rughiniș Bogdana Huma University of Bucharest, Department of Sociology [email protected] [email protected]
Physiognomy is an ancient field of inquiry and expertise claims, revived and critiqued repeatedly throughout the centuries. While parascientific physiognomy is still practiced by people claiming expertise, concerns have also persisted among professional psychologists regarding the scientific study of lay people’s ability to perceive others’ personality traits when seeing their faces. In this article we examine recent experimental research on 'first impressions of the face', focusing on articles that discuss their accuracy and predictive power concerning personality traits and their alleged behavioral consequences. We examine the production of plausibility in experimental accounts concerning first impressions formulated on the basis of photos, and the resulting construction of a physiognomical competence belonging to aggregate, statistically formulated characters.
PRACTICAL VS. THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE IN SOCIOLOGY
Lazăr Vlăsceanu University of Bucharest, Department of Sociology [email protected]
Distinguishing and relating primary (practical) and secondary (theoretical) knowledge in sociology may bring to the fore certain aspects of validity of social cognition. A question might be: how valid is actors’ practical knowledge? The same question may regard sociologists’ expert knowledge. For some, like Bourdieu, practical knowledge is as “spontaneous” and saturated by” taken-for-granted routines” as it is highly distanced from the “true consciousness”. For others, like Coleman, theories about corporate actors rely on a second order type of primary knowledge, and the two should be considered from the perspective of their “degree of reflexive consistency”. Moreover, actors’ primary knowledge and sociological knowledge do not take the same shapes in all research projects and societies. Various intermediaries appear for structuring that knowledge. Exploring such intermediaries may contribute to increasing the validity of social cognition.
MARKET RESEARCH AS AN ACCOUNTABLE ACTIVITY IN INTERVIEWS BETWEEN ACADEMIC AND MARKET RESEARCH SOCIOLOGISTS
Alexandra Deliu Alina-Petra Marinescu Maria Miruna Rădan-Gorska Cosima Rughiniș Cosmin Toth University of Bucharest, Department of Sociology
In this paper we investigate the "market", as it is assembled and given voice through market
research. We rely on interviews with sociologists working in specialized market research agencies and company departments. The voice of the market is maintained in its dialogue with Clients' questions; at the same time, descriptions of these dialogues are accountable in front of us, university-based interviewers. We attempt to understand the constraints faced by market researchers in their work of rendering the voice of the market, while taking into consideration the double layer of accountability in the descriptions of market research that we have elicited in interviews.
7 Temporalități multiple și cadre (crono)structuale în procesele de organizare socială (I) | 15.00-17.00 | Room 101
Sesiunea 2: Temporalități multiple și cadre (crono)structurale în procesele de organizare socială (I)
8 Iunie, 15.00-17.00, Sala 101
Coordonatori: Marian Preda, Ștefania Matei Moderator: Ramona Cantaragiu
ON TIME: PREREQUISITE TO WORKING AND LIVING THE SALON EXPERIENCE
Monica Costache University of Bucharest, Department of Sociology [email protected]
In an earlier intervention about objects in the everyday life of a body centered facility I wrote about a specific absence-that of the time measuring devices- and its impact on the internal classification of the treatments to be performed. I am now shifting my focus from absence to presence as I begin unraveling yet another object I alluded to in that last section: the appointment sheet. Pieces of paper as well as pieces of time, these silent witnesses of my own Skinny Beauty experience, will help spin the tale of salon hierarchies, emerging working communities, clients’ preferences, their options and objectives, clashes within the general organizing structure, the distribution of knowledge within the organization and, of course, the specific uses of time and its dimensions: periodicity, tempo, timing, duration, and sequence.
MUNCA PE TIMPUL NOPȚII ȘI TRANSFORMĂRI ALE SOMNULUI. O CERCETARE CALITATIVĂ ÎN RÂNDUL ANGAJAȚILOR UNUI CALL CENTER DIN BUCUREȘTI
Ramona Marinache Universitatea din București, Facultatea de Sociologie și Asistență Socială [email protected]
Care sunt efectele muncii în schimburi asupra somnului? În ce măsură schimbările de somn influențează viața oamenilor? Studiul de față încearcă să descrie transformările pe care le determină devierea de la norma de somn a societății în cazul celor care lucrează în timpul nopții, în sectorul de servicii delocalizate. Pentru culegerea datelor am realizat o anchetă calitativă pe bază de interviu comprehensiv cu angajații unui call center din București. Pe baza datelor culese în perioada octombrie 2011 – octombrie 2012, voi descrie și analiza trei transformări ale pattern-urilor de somn. Acestea sunt desincronizarea de la norma de somn a societății, apoi sincronizarea cu aceia care au un program de lucru similar și în final resincronizarea cu norma societății.
JURNALUL PERSONAL CA FORMĂ NARATIVĂ DE REDARE A SOCIALITĂȚII UNEI TIMP ISTORIC
Cătălin-Mihai Manolache Universitatea din București, Facultatea de Istorie
Jurnalele personale reprezintă o formă intimă și subiectivă de redare a unor evenimente istorice care au marcat, la un anumit nivel, întreaga umanitate și au influențat decisiv cursul vieții autorilor. Fie că ele conțin relatări din viața de zi cu zi a unei adolescente ce se ascunde de călăii ei sau însemnări de călătorie aparținând unei expediții cu sfârșit tragic, aceste jurnale reușesc să surprindă, într-o manieră narativă, o serie fapte și evenimente din biografia autorului, care deși prezentate cu o notă de dramatism literar, au relevanță metodologică în cadrul cercetării istorice. Scopul lucrării este de a prezenta logica expozitivă ce caracterizează structura narativă a acestor jurnale, reliefând contribuția acestora la studierea socialității specifice unei perioade istorice.
8 Temporalități multiple și cadre (crono)structuale în procesele de organizare socială (I) | 15.00-17.00 | Room 101
CONSTRUCȚIA MEDIATICĂ A ALERTEI MORALE ÎN „COMUNITĂȚILE DE ȘTIRI”
Nicolae Perpelea Academia Română, Institutul de Sociologie [email protected]
Orice figură de interpelare etică (simpla afectare, sentiment, „luare în inimă”, indignare împărtăşită cotidian, denunț exprimat public, alertarea morală a organizațiilor civice, incitarea la boicot, recursul la acțiuni supereregatorii etc.) transcede granițele geografice şi culturale în măsura în care sunt subliniate deficiențe morale şi inegalități universale. În ce măsură este nevoie ca astfel de „ştiri” să fie spectacularizate, se lamentează o anume retorică a austerități mediatice? Acestora li se poate răspunde că o comunicare poate căpăta forma „mâinii întinse” – şi nu doar hainele abstracte ale unei „fraternități universale” care va fi rezultat ineluctabil prin „globalizarea emoțiilor” – doar dacă se încarnează într-o „amiciție singulară”. Iar „spectacolul ştirilor” poate să conceapă o bună „exteriorizare a interiorităților”– mecanism psiho-moral prin care se concepe acea formă specială de umanitate pe care am numit-o amiciție singulară. Din această supoziție decurg şi întrebările de cercetare: a) care sunt dispozitivele specifice diverselor mijloace de comunicare (presa scrisă, televiziune, genurile deliberativ-informaționale de pe web, facebook şi alte rețelele de socializare pe internet), prin care se accelerează difuzarea interpelărilor etice; b) care sunt procedurile specifice prin care are loc formatarea informației; c) ce se întâmplă în cazul publicurilor amorfe? cum le recunoaştem, ce strategii dezvoltă media pentru a le oferi iluzia unei receptări active? d) care sunt mecanismele psiho-sociologice prin care se creează o comunitate a privirilor - condiție unui ritual al (dez)acordurilor interpretative.
9 Temporalități multiple și cadre (crono)structuale în procesele de organizare socială (II) | 17.30-19.30 | Room 101
Sesiunea 2: Temporalități multiple și cadre (crono)structurale în procesele de organizare socială (II)
8 Iunie, 17.30-19.30, Sala 101
Coordonatori: Marian Preda, Ștefania Matei Moderator: Alexandra Deliu
(RE)NAMING STREETS IN CONTEMPORARY BUCHAREST: FROM POWER RELATIONS TO SUBJECTIVE BIOGRAPHY
Ana Niculescu-Mizil University of Bucharest, Department of Sociology [email protected]
The present study concentrates upon the process of naming and renaming streets in Bucharest. It is grounded on the assumption that streets names are established and modified according to principles which reflect the socio-political order of the moment (Azaryahu, 1996; Light, Nicolae, Suditu, 2002) and are an expression of symbolic authority. Street names commemorate historical figures and events which consolidate and legitimate the ideological perspective of the ruling political powers by integrating them into the everyday life of the citizens. A first dimension of my research is concerned with power relations as they are reflected by the politics of (re)naming streets in a sector. Complementary to this layer of analysis, a case study of a particular street re-frames the history of the place. A third dimension aims to outline oral histories of the street by conducting interviews with locals. Subjective biographies of the place are expected to reflect the semiotic processes operated by the social actors when investing personal meanings into a collective urban space.
TIME USE PATTERNS IN BUCHAREST EMERGING SUBURBS. A TIME BUDGET PERSPECTIVE
Oana-Mara Stan University of Bucharest, Department of Sociology [email protected]
The study explores the factors and consequences behind internal migration patterns of middle class families with children from downtown to the Bucharest outskirts, following the decentralized metropolis and urban sprawl model. The downshifting trend towards assuming more family responsibilities and compensating less money with more time announces the advent of a post-consumerist middle class, relevant for the slow living movement. A questionnaire applied online, followed by in-depth one-to-one interviews investigates the time use trends, multitasking and a critical reflection on chronic time pressure and busyness. Participants were asked to provide diary-like accounts of their daily activities, quantifying time allocation for contractual, engaged, personal and free time throughout weekdays and weekends. Furthermore, dual-earner families moving to emerging suburban neighborhoods tended to position themselves as belonging to the middle-class, especially through the lens of their educational background and professional status. Implications for work – life policies and gender discrepancies reduction are envisioned.
BOGAT ÎN TIMP - SĂRAC ÎN TIMP. O ANALIZĂ ASUPRA RAPORTULUI DINTRE TIMP LIBER DEZIRABIL ȘI TIMP LIBER REALIZAT, DINTRE „LOIALITATE“ ȘI „EFICIENȚĂ“ ÎN TIMPUL CONTRACTAT
Ileana-Cinziana Surdu Universitatea din București, Facultatea de Sociologie și Asistență Socială ileana.cinziana.surdu @gmail.com
Carl Honoré (2004, 38) vorbește despre sintaxa „«bogat în timp»“ - „«sărac în timp»“, punând banii și timpul pe aceeași treaptă în ierarhizarea necesităților umane. Când ai mai mulți bani poți spune că ești bogat în timp, sau că ești sărac în timp? Epoca contemporană este caracterizată de dorința oamenilor de a avea o carieră împlinită, de a avea o viață de familie, dar și de a dispune de timpul necesar pentru alte activități individuale. Toate aceste activități ce ar desemna sintaxa „bogat în bani, bogat în timp“ intră în contradicție cu timpul disponibil, timpul dezirabil versus timpul realizat. Rob Parsons (2002) deschide o nouă perspectivă asupra „macho-ului de birou“ și asupra „cerșetorului de timp“, raportându-se la relația dintre standardul de viață și calitatea vieții. Dacă un standard de viață ridicat implică o calitate a vieții scăzute, care mai este rostul expansiunii unei afaceri? Studiul urmărește relația dintre loialitate și eficiență în timpul contractat, dintre timp liber dezirabil și timp liber realizat.
10 Temporalități multiple și cadre (crono)structuale în procesele de organizare socială (II) | 17.30-19.30 | Room 101
TIME’S UP! MATERIALITATEA ȘI PERFORMAREA ABSENȚEI ÎN FORMELE DE SUSȚINERE A AMINTIRII POSTUME
Ștefania Matei Universitatea din București, Facultatea de Sociologie și Asistență Socială [email protected]
Prin această lucrare îmi propun să aduc în discuție o perspectivă asupra modului în care experiența absenței unei persoane este integrată instituțional în forme socio-culturale de susținere a amintirii postume. Urmând direcția de analiză a „agentității lipsei” inițiată de Mikkel Bille, Frida Hastrup și Tim Flohr Sørensen (2010), apoi continuată de Morgan Meyer (2012), și distanțându-mă de abordările care definesc absența în raport cu noțiunea de corporalitate, îmi voi concentra atenția asupra înțelegerii sale ca realizare socială circumscrisă artefactelor comemorative și ritualurilor funerare. Voi argumenta faptul că aceste două mijloace de producere a absenței înglobează tipuri de narativitate în redarea evenimentelor din timpul vieții unei persoane decedate, susținând astfel forme de inteligibilitate biografică situată în instanțele de evocare.
11 Urban bodies, urban communities | 11.30-13.30 | Room 201
Session 3: Urban bodies, urban communities 8th June, 11.30-13.30, Room 201
Convenor: Alexandru Dincovici Moderator: Laura Grünberg
COMBAT SPORTS, MEMORIES IN THE FLESH AND PAIN COMMUNITIES
Alexandru Dincovici NSPAS [email protected]
While suffering divides, pain unites. Or, at least, this is what I claim in the following article, based on an extensive research among combat sports practitioners. Of course, this isn’t your everyday, negative pain, but a special case of positive pain, a lot more controlled and identity creating than world and language destroying. Combat sports pain often leaves its marks on the bodies of the practitioners, and, even when not doing so, it creates visible bonds among practitioners worldwide. The memories of their similar pain enable their bodies to communicate in a distinct fashion and share the painful but pleasant experience of sports they value above everything else.
HULIGANI ȘI REVOLUȚII
Dinu Guțu NSPAS [email protected]
Probably the most common and a constant expression of collective violence in Europe - hooliganism, or violence in sport, has a distorted social image, based on two important sources that provide information on this phenomenon: the press and the police. The research project is not intended to deal with hooliganism or deviance in sports, because it would be naïve to believe that a phenomenon as complex as "the human ability to construct real or symbolic enemies" (Armstrong, 1996) can be "treated" . Whether it comes from the tendency of "ritualization of drama" or uncontrollable energies released for football, violence in sport is much more than aggressive behaviour of various groups of supporters. What this study seeks to reveal is "the unseen iceberg", consisting of a "mix" of antietatism, a strong local patriotism, honor codes and other symbolic and ritual violence. The grand epistemic dilemma remains explaining if football fans are just valves "deporting" social violence or they can become "armies" of contestation with strong revolutionary / insurgent potential.
THE GRAFT THAT BRINGS US CLOSER: SHARED EXPERIENCES OF THE ROMANIAN RECIPIENTS ASSOCIATION`S MEMBERS
Andrei Mihail NSPAS [email protected]
The subjective experience of the transplant surgery is constructed through a process which begins in the early phase of the disease`s diagnosis. Illness, surgery and the embodiment of a foreign organ, but also coping with a new identity in everyday interactions are creating a sense of commonality between organ recipients. Members of the Romanian Recipients Association are able to support one-another as they share simmilar experiences which others are unable to understand. They also need to hold tight together as a poor legislation combined with the others lack of knowledge concerning what being a recipient really means are limiting the promised post-op integration. The NGO becomes a community built on common experiences of its members.
12 Urban bodies, urban communities | 11.30-13.30 | Room 201
COACHING AND PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT: THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE SELF IN A COMMUNITY OF PRACTICE IN BUCHAREST
Elena Trifan NSPAS [email protected]
Personal development is described as a mean of helping a person become a better version of his/herself. This process indicates two important aspects. Firstly, that the self becomes a project in which you invest in order to achieve the desired form. Secondly and consequently, that there is a desired shape that can be observed in all forms of personal development, especially in coaching, the practice studied in the present paper. In this article, I will analyze the coaching process as a individualizing practices taught in a community of practices. The client of coaching services can be regarded as an apprentice, whereas the coach can be perceived as a master. Using the theories of communities of practice my aim is to present the type of learning that is involved in the process of becoming a coach, and how the transmission of knowledge influences the practice of the activity in order to explain the relation between the individual and the community in the process of coaching.
13 The experience of "home" through time and space (I) | 15.00-17.00 | Room 201
Session 4: The experience of "home" through time and space (I)
8th June, 15.00-17.00, Room 201
Convenor: Andra Larionescu Moderator: Florin Lazăr
LOCUINȚELE DIN PIATRĂ DE LA MATMAIA, TUNISIA VERSUS O LOCUINȚĂ DIN SPRING VALLEY, NEW YORK, USA
Ileana-Carmen Berevoescu Universitatea Spiru Haret, Facultatea de Arhitectură usharh_berevoescu.carmen @spiruharet.ro
Fiecare dintre noi are nevoie de un „ACASĂ”. Oriunde ne-am găsi pe mapamond ne dorim un loc al nostru, unde să ne regăsim, la care să ne gândim cu mult drag și dor atunci când suntem plecați și în care să revenim cu bine. „ACASĂ” este o parte din noi. „ACASĂ” ne reprezintă. „ACASĂ” este o necesitate vitală și indispensabilă pentru ființa umană. Lucrarea prezintă semnificația conceptului de „ACASĂ” în timp și spațiu, propunând o comparație între două tipologii de locuințe amplasate în zone geografice și culturale diferite: Tunisia și Statele Unite ale Americii. Studiul include și o comparație între tipurile de materiale de construcție utilizate de ființa umană de-a lungul timpului: piatră, lemn și beton.
LOCUIREA ÎN CONSTRUCȚII DIN MATERIALE RECICLATE
Daniela Cioponea [email protected]
Arhitectura durabilă se bazează pe relația factorilor – economic, social şi de mediu. Clădirile consumă resursele naturale, crează cantități mari de deşeuri şi poluează mediul înconjurător. Se propune reducerea consumului de materii prime pe parcursul ciclului lor de viață, în acord cu capacitatea de a oferi a planetei. Acest concept înseamnă producerea de mai multe produse cu resurse mai puține şi mai puține deşeuri. Reciclarea oferă o modalitate de administrare a reziduurilor solide reducând poluarea, conservând energia. Durabilitatea este un concept tradițional, redescoperit. Arhitecții răspund nevoii globale de a reduce consumul de energie şi a emisiilor de carbon revenind la materiale naturale, ecologice şi apelând la reciclare. Astfel, se realizează o întoarcere în timp, devenind moderen un concept redescoperit. Există și posibilitatea crearii unei atmosfere aparte, diferită de cea a locuințelor clasice și uneori foarte interesantă și unică, realizată din materiale reciclate.
Acasă
Mariana Croitoru Universitatea Spiru Haret, Facultatea de Arhitectură usharh_croitoru.mariana @spiruharet.ro
Piața Spaniei din Capitală este un loc încărcat de istorie, iar eu am avut norocul să particip la această istorie prin consolidarea, restaurarea și amenajarea unui imobil situat în această zonă a orașului. Și pentru că istoria nu trebuie uitată, am decis să o împărtășesc aici. Locuința cu demisol, parter, un etaj și pod a fost construită în perioada interbelică, în stil eclectic, de o familie bucureșteană înstărită. Odată cu naționalizarea din 1948, familia devine chiriaș în propria casă alături de alte două familii, repartizate să locuiască împreună. În anii 1980, foștii proprietari nu mai stăteau în clădire, aceasta fiind împărțită între celelalte două familii. După 1990, foștii chiriași de la parter devin proprietari exclusivi ai imobilului și investesc importante sume de bani în modernizarea acestuia, în vederea transformării locuinței într-una sustenabilă, care beneficiază, printre altele, de încălzire în pardoseală cu pompe de căldură, lumină fotovoltaică și panouri solare.
14 The experience of "home" through time and space (I) | 15.00-17.00 | Room 201
PRIVATE BY EFFORT - PUBLIC BY DEFAULT!
Laura Grünberg University of Bucharest, Department of Sociology [email protected]
Interest in privacy issues has grown lately due to increased levels of pervasive surveillance. Nowadays our physical and social distances from “others” need to be reevaluated. Any moment of day or night our personal activities are constantly monitored- our voices, images, movements and words can be observed, recognized, networked, analyzed, stored and shared. Relationships no longer depend on embodied co present persons. Governments gain easy access to details of who lives with whom and this affects voting capacity or welfare entitlements. New medical technologies allow unprecedented intrusion into our bodies. Neuromarketing makes our intimate preferences and consuming desires available for “others”. The more accurate Google Maps are, the more private information they can collect. Locating and tracking anybody anywhere- our partners, our children or our employees is no more a problem due to performance video cameras or modern GPS systems. Surveillance is part of everyday life routine. Big Brother/Viewer/Dataveillance or Mcveillance society are just few of the metaphorical images used to describe the complex culture of surveillance we are living in. The presentation will briefly map the field of Surveillance Studies in order to bring arguments for the need of a solid sociology of surveillance and open a critical debate on the complex social dimensions of this phenomenon.
15 The experience of "home" through time and space (II) | 17.30-19.30 | Room 201
Session 4: The experience of "home" through time and space (II)
8th June, 17.30-19.30, Room 201
Coordonator: Andra Larionescu Moderator: Alexandru Duțu
THE REPRESENTATION OF “HOME” FOR MIGRANTS OF RURAL ORIGIN
Andra Larionescu University of Bucharest, Department of Sociology [email protected]
The concept of "home" is linked either to the migrant’s country of origin or the destination country, the sense of belonging being determined by the subject’s age, gender, education level, family ties, migration experience and labor market incentives. For several Romanian migrants of rural origin, living in the host country is usually considered in terms of profitability (costs / benefits), while building a “home” in Romania is more a simbolic or emotional benefit than a financial one. Moreover, in the context of global economic crisis of recent years, when more or less prolonged stays in the country of origin alternate (depending on job opportunities) with stays abroad, the perception of one’s “home” may change. Using a fieldwork conducted in the village of Marginea in northern Romania, between 2009 and 2011, the paper discusses the factors that shape and strengthen the representation of “home” for migrants of rural origin.
TRANSHUMANȚA URBANĂ - NOUĂ DIMENSIUNE SPAȚIALĂ A LOCUIRII ORAȘULUI
Andreea Matache Universitatea Spiru Haret, Facultatea de Arhitectură usharh_matache.andreea @spiruharet.ro
După o îndelungată perioada de tranziție urbană Bucureşteană, începută în anii ’90 şi atenuată de criza mondială recentă, fenomenul de periferizare a oraşului, generat de politici imobiliare exhaustive, a determiat noi tipologii de organizăre rezidențială care „întorc spatele” oraşului existent şi se regrupează într-un teritoriu nelimitat din afara lui. Relocarea spațiului „casei” s-a dovedit a fi mai degrabă o chestiune de status social, dacă amintim de zona cea mai prolifică în extinderi teritoriale a Bucureştiului spre şi peste periferia să nordică, succedată de dorința regăsirii unui confort alternativ. Migrația spre zonele periferice determina un grad de mobilitate urbană ridicată, oraşul păstrându-şi caracterul de reper atât funcțional cât şi simbolic pe care teritoriile rezidențiale actuale nu pot să le ofere încă. Sub acest aspect al „transhumantei” urbane, de revenire constantă în oraş dar totodată de părăsire a lui în favoarea periferiei, vom analiza sensul pe care îl are la nivelul mentalului colectiv conceptul de „acasă”. Vom exemplifica relația dintre oraş, ca teritoriu determiat şi spațiu rezidențial în trei contexte de organizare spațială a locintei care coincid cu trei faze importante ale evoluției Bucureştiului și anume: locuirea în parcelările rezidențiale interbelice, locuirea în ansamblurile de locuințe colective socialiste şi locuirea contemporană în grupările de tip gated communities.
INDEXUL DE STARE DE BINE ȘI FOLOSIREA SA ÎN PROIECTAREA CLĂDIRILOR INTELIGENTE/ THE WELL-BEING INDEX AND ITS’USE IN THE DESIGN OF THE INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS
Cristian Oancea Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest, Faculty of Building Services Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering in Constructions and Building Services [email protected]
Clădirile sunt definite ca fiind formate din structura propriu-zisă și instalațiile aferente. La fel cum Organizația Mondială a Sănătății clasifică condițiile de mediu din clădiri, tot la fel au evoluat de-a lungul timpului și temele de proiectare pentru clădiri și instalațiile lor. Cu toate că în prezent instalațiile trebuie să asigure un mediu confortabil, eficient și eficace din punct de vedere energetic, cercetarea statistică întreprinsă de autor demonstrează faptul că pentru un mediu de lucru productiv, este nevoie de asigurarea stării de bine a ocupanților. În acest articol autorul va descrie modul cum am aplicat metoda analizei componentelor principale și apoi metoda regresiei multiple pentru a putea construii un indice ponderat de stare de bine folosit pentru a evalua starea de bine a ocupanților unei clădiri. În final voi prezenta conceptul de clădire inteligentă ca o soluție la nevoile si trendurile actuale ale omenirii.
16 The experience of "home" through time and space (II) | 17.30-19.30 | Room 201
LOCUINȚELE DESTINATE PERSOANELOR AFLATE ÎN SITUAȚII PARTICULARE (SINISTRAȚI, REFUGIAȚI, EVACUAȚI) - LOCUINȚE DE NECESITATE
Anca Gabriela Stăncioiu Universitatea Spiru Haret, Facultatea de Arhitectură, usharh_stancioiu.anca @spiruharet.ro
Aceste construcții fac parte din categoria locuințelor sociale provizorii, rolul lor fiind de a asigura adăpost pentru persoanele sau grupările sociale care se află în situații dificile sau care intenționează să treacă dintr-o stare materială precară în alta mai evoluată sau mai sigură. Arhitectura tranzitorie sau intermediară nu este dintre cele mai ieftine dar permite satisfacerea mai rapidă a necesităților de locuire temporară, a diferitelor servicii în locuri sau condiții aparent improprii sau prin deplasări periodice pentru ca de ele să beneficieze şi grupurile mici de persoane stabilite la distanțe relativ mari între ele sau față de alte localități dezvoltate. Datorită acestui tip de arhitectură tranzitorie se pot economisi importante fonduri utilizând structuri sau infrastructuri existente, instalații edilitare, transporturi reduse ale materialelor de construcție, mână de lucru locală şi semicalificată sau se va realiza rentabilizarea socială prin satisfacerea necesităților comerciale sau a diferitelor servicii. Din categoria construcțiilor cu arhitectură tranzitorie fac parte: locuințe sau alte dotări construite în clădiri abandonate din punct de vedere funcțional (hale industriale, ateliere, rezervoare de apă, foste grajduri, etc.) locuințe pe ruine, locuințe pentru sinistrați, locuințe din lemn (prefabricate sau deşeuri), construcții realizate din materiale locale sau deşeuri, locuințe în rulote, servicii în rulote (magazine, cabinete medicale, etc.), construcții ambulante sau itinerante (pe apă, calea ferată, locuințe pentru muncitori sezonieri).
17 Conceptualizing communities and networks | 11.30-13.30 | Room 301
Session 5: Conceptualizing communities and networks 8th June, 11.30-13.30, Room 301
Moderator: Roxana Bratu
WHO WORKS IN PROBATION SERVICE?
Ioan Durnescu University of Bucharest
This presentation will describe the findings of the research run in Romania on probation staff skills and characteristics. In the first part, the paper will describe the main staff skills and characteristics used by probation counselors in the evaluation stage of supervision. Looking at the scores, it can be concluded that probation counselors have a relatively high level of professionalism. The mean score for use of skills is around 3.5 out of 5, which means a ‘a good use of skills and characteristics throughout the session’. It seems that probation staff have pretty good organizational skills (e.g. organizing the space for the interview, keeping a good distance to the subjects, having an open and relaxed posture etc.) and very good relationship skills (such as showing respect, showing understanding, honesty, having a positive attitude, good sense of humor etc.). In the same time, probation staff seems to display poor skills in relation to motivational interviewing, expressing empathy, involving the offender in the assessment process and so on. The second part of the paper will focus on a more analytic presentation highlighting the associations between different staff variables (ex. educational background) and different staff skills and characteristics. When analyzing the mean scores of probation counselors with different educational background it is striking to notice that they are close to each other. It seems that despite the major differences in training, probation staff tend to develop a kind of institutional behavior that becomes norm for all personnel. From the interviews done with the probation staff, results that within the organization there is a series of informal learning processes that lead to this reality: imitation, ‘kitchen talk’, joint induction training, probation staff rotation etc. The concept of habitus will be introduced to explain the institutional behavior that emerges from the interaction between staff members and between staff and offenders (Bourdieu). The conclusions are based on 40 video recorded sessions coming from 20 probation officers and 18 interviews with probation staff. The research was kindly supported by CNCSIS through contract no. 29/02.08.2010.
FRONTIERE SOCIALE ÎN SPAȚIUL URBAN: PRACTICI ȘI REPREZENTĂRI
Luminița Miron (Iosif) Universitatea Alexandru Ioan Cuza, Iași [email protected]
Societatea, în mod natural, nu este un spațiu unitar, omogen, ci este delimitată, împărțită, o stradă sau un indicator duc la apariția anumitor traiectorii. Aceste “linii” mai mult sau mai puțin vizibile, mai mult sau mai puțin evidente, reprezintă ceea ce numim frontiere sociale. Frontierele sociale, fie că iau forma unor elemente naturale, precum fluvii sau munți, despart teritoriile grupurilor sociale, în acest context apărând diferența între “noi” de aici și “ei” de acolo. Raportându-ne la lumea urbană, la un moment dat fiecare dintre noi traversând un oraș, a trecut de la o zonă la alta trăind sentimentul că a schimbat în mod radical lumea. Semnele acestei treceri sunt multe, fie că vorbim de starea străzilor, a blocurilor, accesul la mijloacele de transport, existența punctelor comerciale. Totodată, interacțiunea cu oamenii poate fi diferită de la o zonă la alta. Orașul este format astfel din contraste ușor de observat. Scopul acestui articol este de a analiza teoria frontierelor sociale din perspectiva situației locuitorilor din cartierele periferice.
18 Conceptualizing communities and networks | 11.30-13.30 | Room 301
COMFORTABLY NUMB. ENVIRONMENTAL DISCOURSES AMONG ADOLESCENTS
Laura Nistor Sapientia – Hungarian University of Transylvania [email protected]
Previous work on Romanian adults’ environmental concern suggested a clear split between environmental attitudes and behaviours, in the sense that citizens’ environmentally significant behaviours are neither frequent nor rooted in specific pro-environmental attitudes. Previous findings contended also that living in a large urban setting significantly predisposes citizens towards environmental concern. Rooted in such premises, the present research constituted a qualitative approach (focus-groups) in order to reveal some peculiarities of adolescents’ environmental concern. The results of the inquiry suggest that in the case of adolescents the type of locality does not make a huge difference in structuring their environmental concern. No matter they live in a small or a large town, adolescents can be characterized by a kind of materialistic environmental concern, by a chaotic environmental belief system and by serious lack in their objective environmental knowledge. It seems that future’s environmental citizens do propagate the same patterns as their parents. This kind of ‘togetherness in being numb’ raises several questions about the role of environmental empowerment.
GOOD CLASS – BAD CLASS - A SOCIAL NETWORK APPROACH
Balázs Telegdy Universitatea din București, Facultatea de Istorie [email protected]
In my research I am going to compare two 10.th grade high school classes in a in Sfântu Gheorghe theoretical lyceum. According to a previous interview with the school psychologist, one of the two classes is considered to be the “any teachers’ dream”, while the other is considered to be “any teachers’ nightmare”. According to my hypothesis, there will be significant differences between the two classes from the perspective of the indicators used in social network analysis, such as degree centrality, closeness and betweenness, while the other indicators such as social, economical, demographical, result in school etc. will show a high level of homogeneity.
19 Sociologia ca privire de la distanță: ordine observată, ordine impusă? | 15.00-17.00 | Room 301
Sesiunea 6: Sociologia ca privire de la distanță: ordine observată, ordine impusă?
8 Iunie, 15.00-17.00, Sala 301
Moderator: Cosima Rughiniș
NARRATIVES OF ERROR IN QUANTITATIVE DATA ANALYSIS: THE MATTER OF ACQUIESCENT RESPONSE STYLE
Alexandra Deliu University of Bucharest, Department of Sociology [email protected]
Comparisons between categories (be they groups of individuals, regions, countries and so on) are among the various scopes of quantitative sociological surveys. The stakes of such comparisons challenge notions of development, tolerance and other attributes that purport to discriminate between ‘modern’ societies and ‘traditional’ ones. As such, depicting potential sources of error in dealing with data is a topic of concern for quantitative social scientists. Response styles are a type of error that is particularly susceptible of confounding diagnoses of modernity with methodological artifacts. I argue that the scientific discussions of acquiescence as a type of response style introduce a certain ‘normal’ type of respondent that, further, serves as a reference for and ultimately assessing the accuracy of others’ answers in regards to items. The objective of this paper is to describe and to analyze this ideal respondent and its functions, as they appear in quantitative studies.
MORE THAN A “STORY”: SOCIOLOGY’S GRIP ON REALITY
Mihai Rusu [email protected]
Pronouncing the bankruptcy of the “Enlightenment paradigm of social knowledge,” alongside embracing the doctrine of cognitive relativism, are the two core themes of postmodern social theory, which has recently reached the status of dominance within contemporary sociological thought. The thesis proclaiming the bankruptcy of the Enlightenment project denounces the idea of progress regarding scientific knowledge, aiming to unmask it as a legitimizing ideology. Cognitive relativism depicts science as a mere narrative, equally valid as other systems of generating truth-claims about reality, depriving science of its halo of authority and epistemic privileges conferred upon it by the philosophy of the Enlightenment. Both postmodernist postulates call into question the epistemic superiority claimed by science (including the claim of sociology as the science of society) over other types of discourses on reality, dethroning science from the pedestal of cognitive authority and thus demoting it to the status of just another available narrative among many others. Without relapsing into the positivist idealization of science in general and sociology in particular, this paper aims to mitigate the postmodernist critique of science, by showing that (i) theoretical progress in sociology is far from illusory, even though it takes a cyclical trajectory rather than a rectilinear one, and that (ii) sociology, insofar as it takes on a scientific outlook, is more than just a “story.” In fact, a scientifically rooted sociology is the best and most reliable story that can be told about the drama of social life. To the extent that they conform to the protocols of empirical research, to the canons of logical inference, and to the norms of clarity required to academic discourse, sociological “narratives” gain a much firmer grip on reality than its alternative discourses are capable of providing.
20 Sociologia ca privire de la distanță: ordine observată, ordine impusă? | 15.00-17.00 | Room 301
RATIONALITY AND IRRATIONALITY IN THE UNDERSTANDING OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR. AN EVALUATION OF THE METHODOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES IMPLIED BY THE CONCEPTUALIZATION OF IRRATIONALITY.
Cosmin Toth University of Bucharest, Department of Sociology [email protected]
Some of the best known and thought-provoking models for understanding human behavior are those assuming human rationality. The way in which the situations where understanding human behavior becomes challenging, i.e. irrationality cases, are approached within these models is related to specific strategies and methodological consequences. The goal of this paper is to present and systematize some specific types of theoretical approaches to the issue of rationality and irrationality, the methodological consequences stemming from these approaches, as well as to caution against the risks that assuming some highly normative-evaluative rationality models can involve. Some important methodological consequences of applying the principle of charity to different degrees of severity are analyzed and a taxonomic description of the ways in which irrationality is approached is presented.
WORLDS OF RETIREMENT
Daniela Pescaru Urse University of Bucharest, Department of Sociology [email protected]
Based on an extensive literature on “risk society” and “reflexive modernization”, this paper explores differences regarding the way people confront the risks associated with retirement and old age. According to the above mentioned literature, uncertainty and reflexivity permeates all life domains, influencing people’s choices and behaviors. Old social structures (e.g. gender, social class) and the taken for granted modes of behavior lose importance. The biographies are individually constructed, becoming fragmented and destandardized. Using data provided by the third wave of the European Social Survey, I analyze the Europeans’ projections on the ideal retirement age through taking into consideration aspects relevant for both the individual and the country level (i.e. statutory retirement age, old-age pensions models). In the end, the paper documents the structuration of the Europeans ‘perceptions into worlds of retirement, as a result of significant differences between men and women, as well as between countries grouped into pensions models.
THE ROLE OF EDUCATION SIMILARITY WITH THE NEIGHBORS FOR HAPPINESS
Marian Vasile University of Bucharest, Department of Sociology [email protected]
This paper studies the effect for happiness of discrepancy between own education level and average education of the region in which one lives while controlling for level of development and population density from that region. As main theoretical point of reference we use the frustrated achiever and happy peasant paradox (Graham and Pettinato 2006; Graham et al. 2010; Graham 2011). Studies suggest that the livability (Veenhoven, 1993) of the living unit area is fundamental for happiness. From a different perspective, the social comparison theory (Michalos, 1985) argues that happiness is relative. Being higher educated than the average in own NUTS2 region decreases wellbeing in a specific context. Interaction effects with the quality of the area mold the relation: the higher the development, the lower the impact of the discrepancy. Multilevel modeling on European comparative survey data provides testing for the hypotheses. I discuss how the findings may affect existing population dynamics and may provide push-pull factors for migration.
21 Managing distance: exclusion, marginality, and stigma | 17.30-19.30 | Room 301
Session 7: Managing distance: exclusion, marginality, and stigma
8th June, 17.30-19.30, Room 301
Convenors: Sonia Catrina, Emanuela Ignățoiu-Sora
Moderator: Monica Costache
HOW FAR IS FAR RIGHT? ON THE RISE OF ANTI-IMMIGRATION DISCOURSE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
Monica Alexandru University of Bucharest, Department of Sociology and Social Work monica.alexandru @sas.unibuc.ro
After the 2nd World War and during the prosperous economic period at the beginning of the 21st century migration was a welcomed solution to the economic and demographic changes. Multiculturalism gradually emerged as a better approach to immigration than assimilation. It endorsed principles opposed to ethnocentrism and intolerance. However, with the 9/11 events and the current economic crisis, some voices were quick to proclaim the failure of multiculturalism. Elections had usually provided the context for euroscepticism and the rejection of multiculturalism. Multiculturalism was said to strengthen social boundaries while watching over the culture and identity of foreigners at the expense of the host country; it was also criticised for contributing to the unemployment of nationals. This paper will assess how anti-immigration voices have gradually been included in political discourse. While evaluating attitudes to otherness and political developments in EU, it will consider how vulnerable European societies are to extremist ideologies. Previous literature, media archives and international surveys such as the Eurobarometer and the European Value Survey will be used for documentation.
WHICH EDUCATIONAL PATHWAY FOR ROMA CHILDREN FACING DISCRIMINATION, STIGMATIZATION AND EXCLUSION?
Sonia Catrina Center for Resources, Documentation and Research on Roma issues (CRDR) – National School of Political and Administrative Studies [email protected]
This study analyses the impact of the social process of differentiation on the Roma children’s equal opportunities in education. The three levels of the investigation: the micro-social level (related to the social actors responsible for reproducing ethno-racial stereotyping discourses, to Roma children whose social and cultural visibility places them in relations of power and domination as well), the median level (in terms of the role played by schools in reformulating and restoring the stereotyped discourses, the resistance and “empowerment” strategies of the Roma children exposed to discrimination, exclusion and stigmatization as well), the macro-social level (the configuration of education policies in multicultural or intercultural states from a global and structural perspective, as a relationship between politics, power and culture) show that Roma children are subjected to racial stereotypes throughout the European Union, which has implications on equal access to education. In addition, the process of cultural differentiation “inscribes” Roma children in a trajectory of school failure, which profoundly affects their place in society.
THE ETHNIC GARDENER: THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE SHAPING OF THE ETHNIC LANDSCAPE
Emanuela Ignățoiu-Sora Center for Resources, Documentation and Research on Roma issues (CRDR) – National School of Political and Administrative Studies emanuela_ignatoiu @yahoo.com
EU is considered one of the bodies with most transformative influence on European societies. However little has been researched on its impact on ethnic diversity despite being detrimental in this area. Indeed, from the 1993 Copenhagen criteria (which included protection of minorities) to the 2012 European Framework for Roma National Strategy, EU institutions, policies and legislation have been constantly shaping the ethnic landscape. This paper describes and analysis this process. Not only the paper will research on the coping with ethnic difference at EU level, but it will also show how the EU found a place in regulating ethnicity in an area previously dominated by national states and international bodies, such as the Council of Europe.
22 Managing distance: exclusion, marginality, and stigma | 17.30-19.30 | Room 301
DISCLOSURE OF HIV STATUS AND ITS CONSEQUENCES
Florin Lazăr Department of Sociology and Social Work [email protected]
The progress of medicine turned HIV into a chronic disease, but disclosure of HIV status is still a matter of public health. Disclosure is favored by social factors/a “friendly environment” (e.g. positive reactions, support, public disclosure by others), psychological factors (e.g. self-esteem, self-efficacy) and hampered by fear of and experiences of stigma and discrimination. Based on a community-based research carried out in 2011 with people living with HIV (PLHIV) from three large cities of Romania (N=300), the paper is presenting some of the challenges of disclosure. Data reveal a high proportion of respondents disclosing their HIV status (75.3%) and, predominantly positive reactions (sympathy 66.8% vs. rejection 21.2%). However at work, in school and in the religious community most PLHIV preferred to keep the secret, those disclosing experiencing discrimination, fueling the internalized stigma. Interventions need to tackle both structural/social and individual/psychological factors to reduce discrimination and internalized stigma, which prevent disclosure.
CHANGEMENT SOCIAL ET MOBILITÉ PROFESSIONNELLE : NOUVELLES FORMES DE SOCIALISATION ET DE DISTANCIATION
Mariana Lecarpentier Direction de la Politique Médicale – Siège de l’ Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, APHP mariana.lecarpentier @gmail.com
Une étude qualitative réalisée, pendant deux ans, dans une policlinique médicale, service marginal d’un hôpital universitaire parisien en cours de modernisation technique et organisationnelle, a mis en évidence un lien entre changement, mobilité sociale, nouveaux processus de socialisation et de distanciation. L’activité étudiée est réalisée dans une Permanence d’Accès aux Soins de Santé, PASS, de la policlinique médicale par des médecins généralistes en mobilité sociale, venus de l’extérieur de l’hôpital pour accueillir et soigner des patients pauvres, des immigrés en situation irrégulière, des déviants, des exclus. L’analyse des données sociales, historiques et empiriques, issues des entretiens et de l’observation participante, met en lumière une problématique de relégation sociale commune aux médecins et aux patients, traduisant un processus d’exclusion sociale et spatiale marqué par la différentiation, la mise à distance, leur renvoi aux limites de l’espace social. L’étayage de l’analyse empirique sur des concepts sociologiques de délégation du « sale boulot » (Hughes), de logiques d’exclusion (Bourdieu, Elias, Boltanski), de mobilité sociale (Elias, 1965), d’inégalités et discriminations en santé (Fassin, 2002) révèle la persistance des limites traditionnelles conduisant à de nouvelles classifications, de nouvelles limites à la socialisation, à un traitement inégal et défavorable aux déplacés sociaux. Ces « nouveaux » médecins, relégués en bas de la hiérarchie des statuts hospitaliers (Elias, 1965), prennent en charge des tâches abandonnées par ceux qui connaissent une ascension professionnelle (Herzlich, 1994) par spécialisation et modernisation des techniques médicales. Leur mobilité professionnelle leur permet l’accès à l’hôpital universitaire mais ne leur garantit pas la réussite dans la carrière hospitalière, ni la résistance au processus « imperceptible » (Bourdieu, 1993) d’exclusion à l’intérieur de l’hôpital. La réussite, le dépassement social, la socialisation, dans l’organisation hiérarchisée de l’hôpital universitaire français, nécessite de présenter des caractéristiques formelles du statut visé, nécessite de partager le fond des référentiels communs, les mêmes normes de respectabilité et présenter les caractéristiques accessoires (Becker, 1963) attendues de manière informelle. Ne pas répondre aux critères de légitimité subjectivement construits conduit, à la fois les patients étrangers et les médecins qui les soignent, à l’isolement, à la marginalisation, à la stigmatisation. Méprisés, « indésirables », ils son privés de la satisfaction d’une appartenance sociale prestigieuse car les forces de la mobilité, à l’hôpital comme dans la société, produisent des marginaux sur des nouvelles frontières.