conflict minerals in the congo 2010 suffolk univ

7/21/2019 Conflict Minerals in the Congo 2010 Suffolk Univ

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Yar`lci Xjpor>

DACFBLD[ MLCOWJBT LC [EO DACIA>

GBAAK MLCOWJBT JCK JFWLDJT _CKOW-WOXAW[OK FLWT[ YAWBK YJW

Baulsj Djrpoctor

Tuffab` _clvorslty

Jprlb 7, 78:7


2/25

Dacfbldt Mlcorjbs lc teo Dacia> Gbaak Mlcorjbs jck Jfrldjs _ckor-ropartok Flrst Yarbk Yjr 7

"Jck tels jbsa... ejs gooc aco af teo kjr` pbjdos af teo ojrte."- Nasope Dacrjk

[eo irojt cavoblst Nasope Dacrjk usos teoso warks ta kosdrlgo teo Dacia, j dauctry

gbossok wlte vjst jmaucts af rosaurdos jck dursok wlte teo jftormjte af rosubtlci irook. [eo

Komadrjtld Wopugbld af Dacia ls jc ocarmaus dauctry, slmlbjr lc slzo ta wostorc Ourapo, jck

rlkkbok wlte wjr. Ttjrtlci wlte teo tlmo af Lmporljblsm lc teo :598s uctlb caw, teo cjturjb

wojbte af teo Dacia sooms acby ta kodlmjto lts odacamld irawte jck pabltldjb stjglblty. [els

peocamocac, `cawc js teo rosaurdo dursooxpbjlcs teo elstary jck porpotujtlac af vlabocdo

lc teo KWD. Jkkltlacjbby, teo bjd` af moklj jttoctlac, welde djccat go oxpbjlcok gy teo

trjkltlacjb fjdtars cjmok far teo ox- ar lcdbuslac af cows starlos, rjteor stoms fram teo sjmo

odacamld jck pabltldjb lctorosts welde porpotujto teo dacforocdo takjy.

J Elstary af Vlabocdo lc teo Dacia

[eo KWD soom ta ejvo fjbboc vldtlm ta teo sa djbbok rosaurdo durso, j teoary welde

jriuos tejt j elieor jmauct af cjturjb rosaurdos lc kovobaplci cjtlacs drojtos j elieor rls`

far dlvlb wjr jck sbawor kovobapmoct. Iocorjbby, rosaurdo rlde dauctrlos jro boss wojbtey jck

boss dampotoctby iavorcok, kuo ta jc lcdrojso lc kamostld pabltldjb darruptlac, j rokudtlac af

odacamld klvorslfldjtlac, jck rokudok lcvostmoct lc eumjc djpltab.:Lc teo Dacia, gate teo

rosaurdos jck teo bojkors jddoss ta teom jro rojklby jvjlbjgbo, djuslci mlsmjcjiomoct jck

dejas. .

Gut ta uckorstjck teo sdapo jck koop raats af teo darruptlac, djrcjio, jck pabltldjb

lcstjglblty, wo ejvo ta baa` lcta teo pjst jck dacslkor teo arlilcs af teo provjlblci lssuos. Lc

teo Dacia, wo djc trjdo teom gjd` jbmast :?8 yojrs, ta weoc teo Grltlse oxpbaror Tlr Eocry

:Cjklrj Bjbnl, [eo Wosaurdo Durso Wovlsok> Dacfbldt jck Dabtjc lc teo Dacia,Ejrvjrk Lctorcjtlacjb Wovlow, (Fjbb 789), 4;.


3/25


Ttjcboy flrst trjvobok kawc teo Dacia Wlvor jck klsdavorok teo rldeos af teo bjck lc :59:.7

Yeoc teo cows af lt vjst rosaurdos rojdeok Ourapo, @lci Boapabk LL af Gobilum ostjgblseok

teoJssadljtlac Lctorcjtlacjb Jfrldjlco, jc arijclzjtlac ta jlk lc teo dabaclzjtlac af teo

Dacia, mjs`ok js j eumjcltjrljc vocturo. Boapabk LL ompbayok Ttjcboy ta roturc ta teo

Jfrldjc dactlcoct jck jdqulro js mude bjck js passlgbo. Gy grlglci Daciaboso cjtlvos lcta

trojtlos wlte teo eobp fbjttory jck ilfts ar mlbltjry fardo, teo macjrde mjcjiok ta jdqulro

teausjcks af squjro mlbos af bjck4. [eo bjck wjs cat dacslkorok j dabacy af Gobilum, gut

awcok klrodtby gy Boapabk LL. Lt wjs teo warbks acby mjnar dabacy awcok gy j slcibo

lcklvlkujb. Lc teo :55? Dacforocdo af Gorblc, dacvocok ta klvlko up teo Jfrldjc dactlcoct, teo

ateor Ourapojc lmporljb pawors jddoptok els dbjlm jck Boapabk LL cjmok els cow torrltary

teo Dacia Froo Ttjto.

Boapabk LL saac goijc ta ejrvost teo bjcks daplaus rosaurdos. [eo komjck far ruggor

ospodljbby raso lc teo :5 Eauietac Mlffblc :


4/25

Dacfbldt Mlcorjbs lc teo Dacia> Gbaak Mlcorjbs jck Jfrldjs _ckor-ropartok Flrst Yarbk Yjr ;

ar gojr eojbtey delbkroc, rosubtlci lc teo kojte af jc ostlmjtok ?8% af teo papubjtlacs,

pragjgby dj. :8 mlbblac poapbo.?

_csurprlslciby, Boapabk LLs moteaks woro oxtromoby ucpapubjr. Gbjd` dacsdrlpts lc els jrmy

aftoc nalcok teo rogobs teoy woro suppasok ta go flietlci jck mjcy pratostjct mlsslacjrlos

goijc wejt mjy caw go dacslkorok aco af teo flrst eumjc rliets mavomoct. [eo Ourapojc

jck Jmorldjc pugbld pratostok eojvlby acdo teoso jtradltlos djmo ta bliet, spojreojkok gy

fliuros sude js Waior Djsomoct, Okwjrk Marob, jck Mjr` [wjlc. Boapabk LL bast jbb suppart

jck flcjcdljb gjd`lci. Eo robudtjctby trjcsforrok teo dustaky af teo Dacia Froo Ttjto ta

Gobilum lc :


5/25

Dacfbldt Mlcorjbs lc teo Dacia> Gbaak Mlcorjbs jck Jfrldjs _ckor-ropartok Flrst Yarbk Yjr ?

lctorcjtlacjb oxpbaltjtlac, jck goijc j bjrio sdjbo pbuckorlci af teo Dacias cjturjb rosaurdos

far elmsobf jck els draclos. Eo jmjssok jc ostlmjtok ; glbblac _TK lc Twlss gjc`s. Magutu

rodolvok dactlcuaus suppart fram teo _T iavorcmoct js jc jctl-dammuclst autpast lc Jfrldj.

Ioario Guse ovoc djbbok elm aco af aur mast vjbuok frlocks, kosplto els jtradlaus rodark

af darruptlac jck eumjc rliets vlabjtlacs.5

[els klsdaurjilci stary af oxpbaltjtlac jck eumjc rliets vlabjtlac pravlkos j gjd`krap

far teo durroct pabltldjb sltujtlac.

Durroct Dacfbldt- Odacamld jck Xabltldjb

[eo durroct dacfbldt ls oxtromoby dampbox jck lcdbukos gate pabltldjb jck odacamld

rojsacs. Yelbo teo pabltldjb jck otecld matlvos oxpbjlc teo acsot af teo wjr, lts porpotujtlac ls

mjlcby kuo ta odacamld fjdtars. [eo Dacia suppasokby passossos ovory cjturjb mlcorjb lc

teo porlakld tjgbo af obomocts, jck sa teo rosaurdo durso strl`os jijlc


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rosaurdos blò iabk, kljmacks, jck mlcorjbs dactrlguto ta teo offodt, Dabumglto-[jctjblto

(Dabtjc) ls teo cow mjnar pbjyor. Dabtjc ls durroctby teo mast prafltjgbo cjturjb rosaurdo teo

Dacia passossos, maro sa tejc iabk ar kljmacks, jck aco af teo mast deorlseok mlcorjbs lc

teo warbk:4

. Godjuso lt robojsos eojt quld`by, dabtjc kaos cat avoreojt ar kostray dlrdultry,

ocjgblci teo rokudtlac af slzo af kovldos jck teo lcvoctlac jck lmpravomoct af wlroboss

todecabaiy:;. Lt ls fuckjmoctjb lc sustjlclci jck kovobaplci aut dlvlblzjtlac, js lt ls usok lc

jbmast jbb makorc todecabaildjb kovldos, weoteor jlr pbjco ocilcos ar ejckeobk ijkiots sude

js dobb peacos. Js j rosubt, tels mlcorjb ls lc elie komjck jck, kopocklci ac kovobapmocts lc

teo mjròt, mjy lcdrojso ovoc maro. Far oxjmpbo, lc 7888 teo Tacy Xbjy Ttjtlac 7 rjlsok teo

prldo af dabtjc fram $;< ta $79? j pauck:?. [eorofaro teo Dacias rosaurdos, welde mjò up

fram 6;%-58% af teo warbks dabtjc, kopocklci ac saurdos, jro cat boft uctaudeok. Yelbo

samo ateor dauctrlos, blò Justrjblj jck Djcjkj, jbsa ejvo dabtjc rosorvos, teoy jro mude

ejrkor ta jddoss tejc lc teo KW Dacia:6. [eoro teo mlcorjb blos sa dbaso ta teo ojrtes surfjdo,

lt djc go rojdeok wlte slmpbo seavobs jck pld`jxos, roqulrlci ca todecabaiy ar oxportlso. [els

mjòs lt ojsy ta mlco, jck maro lmpartjctby oxpbalt. Wogob iraups js wobb js iavorcmoct

mlbltljs macapablzo teo elieby mlbltjrlzok mlcorjb. Eawovor, teo mjcy klfforoct rogob iraups

lcvabvok jro ojde flcjcdok gy klfforoct autslko dauctrlos ar lcstltutlacs, drojtlci j dacstjct

pawor struiibos avor teo dactrab af teoso mlcos.

Yelbo teo cjturjb rldeos af teo Dacia mjy go j prlmjry rojsac far teo porpotujtlac af teo

wjr, lt wjs cat teo affldljb djuso. [eo durroct dacfbldt stjrtok lc teo jftormjte af teo Wwjckjc

:4Tejrlfo, @ejklnj, KW Dacia> [eo Eojvy Xrldo af teo Yarbk's Elie-[ode,CowJfrldjc. (Mjy 7885), 79.

:;Caury, 4;.

:?Lglk., 4?.

:6@ars, ::.


7/25


iocadlko. Jftor :


8/25


jrmy ltsobf wjs taa woj` jck ucarijclzok, gut welde eo bjtor bast dactrab avor. Lc 7888, ?,488

_C traaps nalc teo dampbox oqujtlac terauie teo M_CAD pojdo`ooplci fardo:


9/25

Dacfbldt Mlcorjbs lc teo Dacia> Gbaak Mlcorjbs jck Jfrldjs _ckor-ropartok Flrst Yarbk Yjr Lctorcjtlacjb

stjto-darparjto drlmo lc teo Komadrjtld Wopugbld af teo Dacia, Dactomparjry NustldoWovlow, :: ca. 7, (Nuco 7885), 5:.


10/25

Dacfbldt Mlcorjbs lc teo Dacia> Gbaak Mlcorjbs jck Jfrldjs _ckor-ropartok Flrst Yarbk Yjr :8

pawor, tejc moklum ta smjbb stjtos.7?Kurlci teo JFKB lcvjslac lc :


11/25

Dacfbldt Mlcorjbs lc teo Dacia> Gbaak Mlcorjbs jck Jfrldjs _ckor-ropartok Flrst Yarbk Yjr ::

lkoctlflok 4; welde lmpartok mlcorjbs fram teo KWD vlj Wwjckj75welbo teo Ibagjb Yltcoss

Wopart cjmok 788 dampjclos tejt woro cat trylci ta stap dacfbldt mlcorjbs fram octorlci

teolr suppby dejlc7


12/25


ac teo mavo js rofuioos slcdo :


13/25


jrmy js j weabo;8. [eoso delbkroc jro olteor jgkudtok gy rogob iraups, ejckok avor gy

fjmlblos uckor tromockaus prossuro fram mlbltljs, ar ilvoc ta rogob iraups gy pjrocts wea

eapok ta ocsuro gjsld dammakltlos bl`o faak, seobtor jck dbatelci far teolr delbks survlvjb.

Tjkby, godjuso af teolr lcoxporlocdo jck yaute, teolr djsujbty rjtos jro mude elieor tejc teaso

af jkubt sabklors. Jpjrt fram teo peysldjb kjcior af gjttbo, teoy jbsa gojr ucgoblovjgbo

psydeabaildjb trjumj. [eoy jro fardok ta dammlt earrlgbo jdts, aftoc jijlcst teolr awc

fjmlblos jck trlgos. Lf teoy rofuso ta `lbb, mlbltljs terojtoc teolr blfo. Ilrbs jro cat oxompt fram

sufforlci. [eoy jro aftoc tj`oc jbaci wlte teo yauci gays, godamo sabklors, daa`s, partors, ar

sox sbjvos. Jijlc, js mjcy js :7, ?888 ilrbs woro jgkudtok far tels purpaso gy teo _XD

jbaco.

_ckor-ropartok Dacfbldt

Kosplto teoso jtradltlos, teo wjr lc teo KWD iaos uccatldok lc mast cowspjpors.

Xugbld jwjrocoss jgaut teo dacfbldt, lts odacamld jck pabltldjb djusos, jck lts kovjstjtlci

offodts ac teo Daciaboso papubjtlac romjlcs oxtromoby baw. Yelbo davorjio ls sblietby elieor

lc jbtorcjtlvo moklj saurdos, teo mjlcstrojm moklj jbmast octlroby klsroijrks lt. Lc teo

mactes prodoklci teo autgroj` af vlabocdo lc teo Lturl roilac lc 7884, IaaiboCows, welde

macltars ; ?88 cows saurdos, blstok acby : 788 starlos moctlaclci teo KWD, lc dampjrlsac ta

??8 888 starlos jgaut Lrjq tejt sjmo kjy;:. J sblietby maro rodoct stuky, welde macltarok

teo davorjio af teo dacfbldt lc [eo Justrjbljcfram Juiust :


14/25

Dacfbldt Mlcorjbs lc teo Dacia> Gbaak Mlcorjbs jck Jfrldjs _ckor-ropartok Flrst Yarbk Yjr :;

af dacfbldt lc Kjrfur (stjrtlci fram Jprlb 788;) jck aco jck j ejbf mactes af davorjio

dacdorclci teo bojk up ta jck obodtlacs lc ^lmgjgwo lc 7885;7. Dbojrby, teo KWD ls octlroby

uckorroprosoctok, ospodljbby lf yau dacslkor tejt teo dacfbldt ls :8 tlmos kojkblor tejc tejt af

Lrjq ar Kjrfur jck :888 kojkblor tejc tejt lc Lsrjob-Xjbostlco. Yelbo cumgors djccat lc jcy

wjy kosdrlgo eumjc sufforlci jck j elieor kojte rjto lc aco dacfbldt seaubk cat komojc teo

sufforlci lc jcateor dacfbldt, lt kaos, eawovor, soom cows wartey.

Furteormaro, teo davorjio af teo wjr lc teo KWD ls iocorjbby fjlrby coutrjb. Mast

cowspjpor starlos soom ta jvalk straci, omatlacjb bjciujio jck porsacjblzlci oxjmpbos af

lcklvlkujb sufforlci. Lcstojk teoy jro iocorjbby seart, agnodtlvo jck klspjsslacjto

kosdrlptlacs af robovjct lcdlkocts jck lssuos, weoro rofuioos, lctorcjbby klspbjdok poapbo

jck jcy roblof offarts woro jbmast covor moctlacok;4. Ateor dacfbldts lc Jfrldj, sude js

Kjrfur jck ^lmgjgwo lcdbuko j mude maro omatlvo bjciujio. [eo davorjio af teoso

dacfbldts strossos teo eumjcltjrljc jspodt mude maro jck iocorjbby porvjkos j mude stracior

socso af jbjrm;;. Js j rosubt, teo rojkor ls maro ocijiok jck lctorostok lc teo dacfbldt. Lc teo

djso af teo KWD, teo davorjio romjlcs mjttor-af-fjdt, colteor lcdbuklci porsacjb cjrrjtlvos

car nukimoct.

Wojsacs far Bjd` af Moklj Davorjio

[els bjd` af jck klspjsslacjto davorjio djccat slmpby go oxpbjlcok gy teo trjkltlacjb

rojsacs ilvoc far moklj uckor-roprosoctjtlac. Yelbo jbb af teoso fjdtars koflcltoby jppby jck

dactrlguto ta teo peocamocac, teoy djccat fubby oxpbjlc teo lcdbuslac af sude dacfbldts js

;7Vlrilb Ejw`lcs, Cjtlacjb lctorost ar guslcoss lctorost> davorjio af dacfbldt lc teoKomadrjtld Wopugbld af Dacia lc [eo Justrjbljc cowspjpor,Moklj, Yjr & Dacfbldt, 7 ca.67 (788


15/25

Dacfbldt Mlcorjbs lc teo Dacia> Gbaak Mlcorjbs jck Jfrldjs _ckor-ropartok Flrst Yarbk Yjr :?

Kjrfur jck ^lmgjgwo, gut cat teo KWD. Lcstojk, pabltldjb jck ospodljbby odacamld fjdtars

soom ta rubo aut teo KWD fram mast moklj saurdos.

[rjkltlacjb rojsacs far oxdbuslac fram Yostorc cows moklj (jck kotormlcjcts af

sobblci pawor) fadus ac vjrlaus fjdtars, ostjgblseok gy Ijbtuci jck Wuio;?

. [eoso lcdbuko teo

lcvabvomoct af cac oblto cjtlacs, teo `lbblci af cac-oblto poapbo, blttbo dubturjb praxlmlty jck

mojclci ta rojkors lc teo Yost, jck teo oxpodtjtlac af furteor `lbblcis, js lt ls cat j cow

dacfbldt. ûdòrmjc jbsa jkks dampbldjtlci cows ijteorlci fjdtars, sude js bjciujio gjrrlors,

teo romatocoss af teo jroj, jck j bjd` af lcfrjstrudturo. Tobblci pawor daubk jbsa go

klmlclseok gy teo avor-sjturjtlac ar garokam af Yostorc rojkors wlte teo covor ocklci

dacfbldt lc Jfrldj, teo sejkaw af teo Kjrfur dacfbldt, jck slmpby rjdlsm. Lc fjdt, teoso jro teo

mast froquoctby cjmok oxpbjcjtlacs far lts uckor-roprosoctjtlac lc teo mjlcstrojm moklj.

Yelbo jbb af teoso fjdtars jro uckaugtokby truo jck waubk dactrlguto ta j baw dast-rovocuo

robjtlac, teoy soom bjd`lci lc oxpbjcjtary pawor. Jftor jbb, teo dacfbldt lc Kjrfur waubk

prakudo jcjbaiaus rospacsos ta ojde af teo jfaromoctlacok palcts. Ovoc teo dacfbldt lc

^lmgjgwo waubk rjto slmlbjrby, teauie teoy mliet jriujgby ejvo maro mojclci ta Grltlse

jck Justrjbljc cowspjpors kuo ta lts stjtus js j farmor Grltlse dabacy. [eorofaro teoso

fjdtars, teauie ca kaugt lmpartjct, djccat saboby oxpbjlc teo bjd` af moklj davorjio lc teo

Yost.

Lcstojk wo must dacslkor furteor pabltldjb jck odacamld lctorosts. Flrst, cows moklj

mlrrars teo lctorosts af pabldy mjòrs;6. Lt aftoc jdts lc rospacso ta iavorcmoct stjtomocts

jck pabldlos. Far oxjmpbo, jftor teo flrst lcvjslac af teo JKFB lc :


16/25


Lc jc jttompt ta mj`o jmocks far els lcjdtlac kurlci teo Wwjckjc iocadlko lc :


17/25


jck pabltldjb daccodtlacs wlte ateor dampjclos, welde mliet go kjmjiok lc teo pradoss. Far

oxjmpbo, teo fjdt tejt Wuport Murkade, j coa-dacsorvjtlvo wlte sude jfaromoctlacok

lctorosts, awcs [eo Justrjbljc ls suroby cat ucrobjtok ta lts klsroijrk af teo KWDs stary;5.

Dacslkorlci teoso pabltldjb jck odacamld lctorosts, lt ls cat j euio surprlso tejt teo

moklj davorjio af teo dacfbldt lc teo Komadrjtld Wopugbld af teo Dacia romjlcs baw. Gate

teo pabldy lctorosts af iavorcmocts, js wobb js teo guslcoss lctorosts af teo mubtlcjtlacjb

darparjtlacs elckor j grajk prosocdo lc teo cows moklj.

J Wjy af Eapo1

Kosplto teo klro sltujtlac, rodoct kovobapmocts suiiost tejt j maro eapofub futuro ls

passlgbo. Gate pabldlos jck jwjrocoss jro ac teo rlso, teauie sbawby.

[eoro jro vjrlaus jwjrocoss iraups kokldjtok olteor octlroby ta teo KWD ar kovato

sliclfldjct pjrt af teolr war` ta jkvadjdy af tels dacfbldt. Tude iraups lcdbuko Fjbblci

Yelstbos, Ibagjb Yltcoss, jck teo WJLTO Eapo far Dacia djmpjlic. [eo WJLTO Eapo far

Dacia djmpjlic jbsa jlms ta ock teo wjr avor dacfbldt mlcorjbs. Far oxjmpbo, js j

sugklvlslac af teo Ocauie pranodt, welde jlms ta stap jck provoct iocadlko, WJLTO Eapo far

Dacia war`s wlte gate Daciaboso jck lctorcjtlacjb arijclzjtlacs, bl`o Jmcosty Lctorcjtlacjb

ar Jdtlacs far teo Yobfjro af Yamoc jck Delbkroc lc @lvu. [eo djmpjlic mjlcby fadusos

ac soxujb vlabocdo tawjrks wamoc jck ilrbs lc teo dacfbldt. Lt jlms ta pratodt jck ompawor

teom terauie teo eobp af irjssraats ostjgblsemocts jck lctorcjtlacjb arijclzjtlacs. Lt jbsa

soo`s ta lcdrojso teo prosocdo af teo dacfbldt lc teo moklj, afforlci lcklvlkujbs lcfarmjtlac

jck j cumgor af passlglbltlos ta iot lcvabvok;//www.rjlsoeapofardacia.ari/dactoct/jgaut/jgaut-teo-djmpjlic. Lctorcot0 jddossok

Cavomgor 9, 78:8.


18/25


jwjrocoss af teoso djusos mliet jt bojst bossoc teo ijp boft gy teo bjd` af moklj davorjio.

@cawbokio af teo dacfbldt ls sbawby ac teo rlso lc teo pugbld oyo, djuslci prossuro ac pabldy

mjòrs jck dampjclos lcvabvok.

Furteormaro, iavorcmocts jck mubtlbjtorjb lcstltutlacs ejvo jbsa lcdrojsok teolr pabldy

jdtlacs ac teo KWD. Far oxjmpbo, teo _T socjto pjssok teo Kakk-Frjc` Yjbb Ttroot Wofarm

jck Dacsumor Jdt af 78:8 lc Mjy 788< tejt lcdbukos slx pjio sodtlac jgaut dacfbldt

mlcorjbs?8. Lt mojcs ta ocsuro tejt dampjclos dampby wlte teo Todurltlos jck Oxdejcio

Dammlsslac (TOD) jck flck aut weoro teolr mlcorjbs jro fram. Mlcorjbs davorok gy tels

kadumocts lcdbuko dabtjc (dabumglto tjctjblto), djssltorlto (tlc), wabfrjmlto (tjctjbum), jck

iabk. [eauie samo drltldlzo tels boilsbjtlac far jdtujbby djuslci maro ejrm tejc iaak gy

baworlci teo mjròt vjbuo af teoso mlcorjbs, mj`lci survlvjb far smjbb sdjbo mlcors ejrkor

jck lmpart far cjtlacs blò Delcj maro prafltjgbo, lt ls stlbb jc lmpartjct slic. [eo suporpawor

taa` jdtlac, kosplto jfaromoctlacok pabldy lctorosts, jck sot j prodokoct. [els daubk bojk ateor

cjtlacs ta fabbaw sult jck mliet go teo flrst stop tawjrks teo drojtlac af lctorcjtlacjb

boilsbjtlac jbaci teo blcos af teo @lmgorby Xradoss far dacfbldt kljmacks. [eo _C deaso j

pjcob af oxports ta lcvostlijto teo oxpbaltjtlac af rosaurdos lc teo KWD?:

welbo teo O_

jppalctok j roprosoctjtlvo ta rovlow teo djso jck trjko af dacfbldt mlcorjbs?7. Lctorcjtlacjb

pabldy jdtlac ls dbojrby lcdrojslci jck wlbb eapofubby dactlcuo ta ka sa.

?8Jckrow @. Wooso, Gbaak Mlcorjbs lc teo Tuppby Dejlc, Tuppby jck KomjckOxodutlvo, (Juiust 78:8), 5.

?:Kjclob Bojkor, Guslcoss jck Eumjc Wliets> [lmo ta Eabk Dampjclos ta Jddauct,

Lctorcjtlacjb Drlmlcjb Bjw Wovlow, 5 (7885), ;;9.?7

Wooso, 5.


19/25

Dacfbldt Mlcorjbs lc teo Dacia> Gbaak Mlcorjbs jck Jfrldjs _ckor-ropartok Flrst Yarbk Yjr : Gbaak Mlcorjbs jck Jfrldjs _ckor-ropartok Flrst Yarbk Yjr 78

romjlcs j klffldubt jspodt ta sabvo. [eo Wwjckjc jck _ijckjc iavorcmocts jro mj`lci

mlbblacs terauie teo smuiibo jck oxpartjtlac af mlcorjbs. Mj`lci teom stap roqulros olteor j

straci lcdoctlvo ar j bat af prossuro. Jc lcdoctlvo djpjgbo af sugstltutlci tejt mude af jc

lcdamo ejrkby oxlsts jck lctorcjtlacjb prossuro, spojreojkok gy teo _TJ, jbsa sooms

ucblòby. Js _ijckj jck Wwjckj jro teo dbasost jbblos af teo _TJ lc Jfrldj, prossurlci teom

ta stap fucklci teo rogobs cat lc teo lctorost af _T farolic pabldy ar j vory taudey sugnodt jt

teo bojst. Eawovor, lf teo jkvadjdy mavomoct godjmo bjrio ocauie, teo _TJ, Wwjckj jck

_ijckj waubk ejvo ta djvo uckor teo prossuro. Ta eapo romjlcs tejt wlte ocauie pugbld

jwjrocoss, tels dajb daubk stlbb go jdelovok. Jkkltlacjbby, dampjclos blò Jppbo, Lctob, jck

ateor mjcufjdturors cook ta stap guylci dacfbldt mlcorjbs. Gate dacsumor komjcks jck

iavorcmoct pabldlos, blò teo Frjc`-Kakk Jdt, djc dactrlguto ta tels iajb. [eauie teo Frjc`-

Kakk Jdt mliet ejvo sot tels lc matlac, lctorcjtlacjb boilsbjtlac jbaci teo blcos af teo

@lmgorby Xradoss flr dacfbldt kljmacks kaos cat yot oxlst. [els eabo cooks ta go flbbok, js lt

strociteocs cjtlacjb pabldlos jck djc provoct ateor dauctrlos fram slmpby stopplci lc jck

guylci dacfbldt mlcorjbs far teo bawor prldo welde teo kodrojslci komjck far dacfbldt

mlcorjbs drojtos. Bjstby, teo smjbbor sdjbo oxpbaltjtlac jck smuiiblci must stap. [eo bjck jck

cjturjb rosaurdo klstrlgutlac must go dbjrlflok terauie coiatljtlacs?;. [eoro cooks ta go j

mlbltjry dactrab af teo jlr strlps jck garkor jrojs fram welde mlcorjbs jro durroctby smuiibok

ta provoct jcy rogobs ar ovoc smjbb sdjbo smuiibors farm dactlculci teolr lbboijb jdtlvltlos. Js

baci js teo smuiibo af mlcorjbs dactlcuos, sa wlbb teo wjr. Ttapplci teo stojky fbaw af

rosaurdos fram rogob ejcks lcta Wwjckj jck _ijckj waubk wojòc teo darrupt systom.

Flcjbby, teo poapbo rospacslgbo far teo jgearroct wjr drlmos jck eumjc rliets

vlabjtlac dammlttok lc teo Dacia cook ta go puclseok??. Ylteaut teo prasodutlac af teaso

?;@akl, 74.

??Tejrcj`.


21/25

Dacfbldt Mlcorjbs lc teo Dacia> Gbaak Mlcorjbs jck Jfrldjs _ckor-ropartok Flrst Yarbk Yjr 7:

rospacslgbo, darruptlac jck torrar lc teo iavorcmoct wlbb dactlcuo. [eo mossjio tejt murkor,

darruptlac, jck plbbjilci jro cat jddoptjgbo lc j komadrjtld sadloty cooks ta go ostjgblseok.

[eo iavorcmoct must lcstjto jck dammlt ta zora-taborjcdo pabldy ac darruptlac. Aco wjy ta

lmpbomoct sude dejcio daubk roqulro jbb iavorcmoct affldljbs ta kodbjro teolr jssots jck

guslcoss lctorosts weoc octorlci jck bojvlci affldo.?6[eo mubtlcjtlacjb darparjtlacs must, af

daurso, jbsa go eobk jddauctjgbo. Lctorcjtlacjb eumjc rliets bjw jppblos ta teo KWD jck

uckor [eo Carms ac teo Wospacslglbltlos af [rjcscjtlacjb Darparjtlacs jck Ateor Guslcoss

Octorprlsos wlte Woijrk ta Eumjc Wliets, mubtlcjtlacjb darparjtlacs tejt vlabjto eumjc

rliets djc fjbb uckor teo nurlskldtlac af teo Lctorcjtlacjb Drlmlcjb Daurt af teo _cltok Cjtlacs.

?9[eo _C cooks ta mjò uso af tels pawor, eabk darparjtlacs jddauctjgbo, jck sot j

prodokoct. Tamo darparjtlacs mliet jbsa fjbb uckor teo nurlskldtlac af slcibo cjtlacs, lc welde

djso teoy seaubk jbsa mjò uso af tels pawor. Furteormaro, cat nust teo tap affldljbs, gut jbsa

teaso rogobs wea klrodtby dammlttok drlmos must go eobk jddauctjgbo. Ateorwlso teo rubo af

bjw wlbb cat tjò eabk. Lf teo goblof tejt uclmpartjct poapbo djc osdjpo teo irjsp af teo bjw

goijc ta porvjko teo Daciaboso sadloty, dejas, darruptlac jck baatlci wlbb dactlcuo. Lf teo

Daciaboso nukldljry systom ls cat soduro jck arijclzok ocauie ta eabk teoso trljbs yot, trute

dammlsslacs af teo _cltok Cjtlacs daubk go ostjgblseok.

[a ock tels wjr jck gulbk j stjgbo dactlculci iavorcmoct, mjcy telcis ejvo ta damo

taioteor. J sltujtlac js dampbox js tels roqulros lctorcjtlacjb, roilacjb, jck cjtlacjb jdtlac

gofaro j bjstlci pojdo djc provjlb. Eamo iavorcmocts jck teo _cltok Cjtlacs cook ta eabk

mubtlcjtlacjb darparjtlacs, js wobb js pabltldjb bojkors jck irjssraats porpotrjtars jddauctjgbo

far teolr drlmos jck pjrtldlpjtlac lc teo dacfbldt. [eo dbjlms ta teo mlcorjb rlde bjcks cook ta

go dbjrlflok js wobb, lc arkor ta provoct furteor dacfbldt. _ctlb jbb teaso lcvabvok tjò teoso

stops jck lcvabvomoct lc teo Yost lcdrojsos, jc ock ta teo wjr romjlcs j klstjct krojm.

?6Bjbnl, 49.

?9Mubblcs jck Wateo, 56.


22/25


Dacdbuslac

Irook, jiirosslac, jck wostorc jpjtey jbbaw far j dactlcujtlac af Jfrldjs Yarbk Yjr.

[eo soosjw af kovobapmoct jck oxpbaltjtlac swlci lc fjvar af teo wost, js usujb. Yelbo aur

elie-tode lckustry gaams, wlte kovldos iottlci maro offldloct jck cow lccavjtlacs fbaaklci

aur mjr`ots lcdossjctby, ojslby oxpbaltok dauctrlos bl`o teo Komadrjtld Wopugbld af Dacia

gojr teo gruct af aur praiross. [els lcnustldo ls cat j cow aco. [eo poapbo af Dacia ejvo garc

teolr fjto far teo bjst aco jck j ejbf docturlos. Yeoteor ruggor ar dabtjc, teo poapbo suffor

fram wejt seaubk go j gbossok jguckjcdo af cjturjb rldeos. Gut af daurso teoy ka cat. Wjpo,

sbjuietor, plbbjilci, jck trjumj jro js dammacpbjdo ta teom js lXaks jro ta us. [eo

Komadrjtld Wopugbld af teo Dacia sufforok fram teo rosaurdo durso ovor slcdo teo Yostorc

pawors klsdavorok lts cjturjb wojbte. Iavorcmocts jck mubtlcjtlacjb darparjtlacs jro krlvlci

fjdtars goelck tels wjr jck yot, aur moklj roparts blttbo af lt. [eo odacamld jck pabltldjb

pawors tejt go stom teo lcfarmjtlac ta pratodt teolr lctorosts. Jc licarjct pugbld djc jck ka

blttbo jgaut tels sltujtlac. [eorofaro acby j damglcjtlac af pabldlos jck jwjrocoss djc drojto

sustjlcjgbo dejcio.


23/25


Glgblairjpey

Gjjz, Mjrlj jck Mjrlj Ttorc. Yey Ka Tabklors Wjpo1 Mjsdublclty, Vlabocdo, jck Toxujblty

lc teo Jrmok Fardos lc teo Dacia (KWD).Lctorcjtlacjb Ttuklos Zujrtorbyca. ?4

(788 ;


24/25

Dacfbldt Mlcorjbs lc teo Dacia> Gbaak Mlcorjbs jck Jfrldjs _ckor-ropartok Flrst Yarbk Yjr 7;

Bjbnl, Cjklrj. [eo Wosaurdo Durso Wovlsok> Dacfbldt jck Dabtjc lc teo Dacia.Ejrvjrk

Lctorcjtlacjb Wovlow. (Fjbb 7889), 4;.

Bojkor, Kjclob. Guslcoss jck Eumjc Wliets> [lmo ta Eabk Dampjclos ta Jddauct.

Lctorcjtlacjb Drlmlcjb Bjw Wovlow. 5 (7885), ;;9-;67.

Bltvlcs`y, Mjrlcj. KW Dacia> Flrms Fuobblci Dacfbldt Mlcorjbs."Lctorpross Torvldo, Nuby

77, 788 Dabtjc jck Dacfbldt lc teo Komadrjtld Wopugbld af Dacia

TJLT Wovlow,(Ylctor-Tprlci 7887), :84-::5.

Mubblcs, Derlstapeor jck Kjwc B. Wateo. Iabk, kljmacks jck gbaak> Lctorcjtlacjb stjto-

darparjto drlmo lc teo Komadrjtld Wopugbld af teo Dacia. Dactomparjry Nustldo

Wovlow, :: ca. 7, (Nuco 7885). 5:- [eo Xrlzo af Xrokjtlac.Naurcjb af Xojdo

Wosojrde4, ca. ;: (788;)> 47:-446.

Xabirooc, Byklj. Dacias Kojte Wjto _cdejciok Tlcdo Yjr Ockok. [eo Cow \ar`[lmos. Njcujry 74, 4885.

Wooso, Jckrow @. Gbaak Mlcorjbs lc teo Tuppby Dejlc. Tuppby jck Komjck Oxodutlvo,

(Juiust 78:8), 5.

Wjlso Eapo Far Dacia> Jgaut teo Djmpjlic. Ocauie Djmpjlic. Jvjlbjgbo fram

ettp>//www.rjlsoeapofardacia.ari/dactoct/jgaut/jgaut-teo-djmpjlic. Lctorcot0

jddossok 9 Cavomgor 78:8.

TJXJ, @jglbjs pjrty basos ;?% af lts sojts,Cows7;, Mjrde 7, 78:7.

Tejrlfo, @ejklnj. KW Dacia> [eo Eojvy Xrldo af teo Yarbk's Elie-[ode.Cow Jfrldjc.

(Mjy 7885)> 76-7


25/25

Dacfbldt Mlcorjbs lc teo Dacia> Gbaak Mlcorjbs jck Jfrldjs _ckor-ropartok Flrst Yarbk Yjr 7?

Tejrcj`, Kogglo. Nustldo jck Marjb Wospacslglblty lc teo Dacia.Oyos ac teo Lctorcjtlacjb

Drlmlcjb Daurt, Njc : 7889.

Tadljb Okudjtlac. Dacia> Obdotlacs jck teo Gjttbo far Mlcorjb Wosaurdos. :, ca. 9: (7889).

^ud`ormjc, Otejc. _slci teo Lctorcot ta Oxjmlco Xjttorc af Farolic Davorjio. Naurcjblsm

lc Jfrldj, (Fjbb 788;).

conflict minerals in the congo 2010 suffolk univ

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