CONGRESSARTICLE I

CONGRESS“to meet”

VS.PARLIAMENT

“to speak”

1. How a member is chosen(primary v. party)

2. Role in picking the Executive

3. Commitment to party vs. independent representative

POWERS OF CONGRESS

EXPRESSED(16)…ENUMERATED…

VS. IMPLIED (NECESSARY AND

PROPER)(ELASTIC CLAUSE)

(army, navy, air force?)

ARTICLE I, SECTION 8

McCULLOCH V.

MARYLAND (THIS WAS ABOUT CREATION OF THE NATIONAL BANK AND WHETHER THE

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT HAD THE AUTHORITY TO CREATE SUCH A BANK AND WHETHER THE STATE OF MARYLAND COULD TAX THAT BANK AND WHEN THE

SUPREME COURT RULED THAT SINCE CONGRESS ALREADY HAD THE EXPRESSED POWER TO COIN MONEY AND REGULATE ITS VALUE THAT IT “IMPLICITLY” HAD

THE POWER TO CREATE A NATIONAL BANK THROUGH THE ELASTIC CLAUSE AND THAT THE STATE OF MARYLAND DID NOT HAVE THE RIGHT TO TAX THE BANK

SINCE THAT WOULD GIVE STATES MORE POWER THAN THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SINCE THE STATE OF MARYLAND COULD TAX THE BANK OUT OF

EXISTANCE…THE POWER TO TAX IS THE POWER TO DESTROY)

DEFINE THE “NECESSARY AND PROPER CLAUSE” OF

THE CONSTITUTION.

EVOLUTION OF CONGRESS

CENTRALIZATION(POWERFUL

LEADERS)VS.

DECENTRALIZATION(POWERFUL MEMBERS)

TODAY???

17TH AMENDMENT(1913-popular election

of Senators)

MARGINAL VS.

SAFE DISTRICTS

55%(1994-LaTourette)

(48-55-66-65-72-63-58-58-65)

DAVID JOYCE (R-OH-14)

TREND??

LESS OR MORE MARGINAL??

Why? (the “G” word)

INCUMBENCYADVANTAGE

6%-8%

1933 – 201541 CONGRESSES

27/41 D-BOTHWHY??

PARTY CONTROL107th 2001–

2003100 50 50 — — 435 212 221 2 —

108th 2003–2005

100 48 51 1 — 435 205 229 1 —

109th 2005–2007

100 44 55 1 — 435 202 231 1 1

110th 2007–2009

100 49 49 2 — 435 233 198 — 4

111th 2009–2011

100 57 41 2 2 435 256 178 — 1

112th 2011–2013

100 51 47 2 — 435 193 242 — —

113th 2013–2015

100 54 45 1 — 435 201 234 — —

Read more: Composition of Congress by Party 1855–2013 | Infoplease.com http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0774721.html#ixzz2lC9JuCKf

GERRYMANDERING

EXAMPLE….

12 R – 4 D

Texas #36

Florida #21

MELVIN WATT (D-NC-12)

SHAW v. RENO (1993)* MAJORITY-MINORITY

DISTRICT (could not prove that race was

the primary issue here so district was allowed)

HOW TO VOTE???

REPRESENTATIONAL(district, state, country, Earth)

ORGANIZATIONAL

ATTITUDINAL

NAME AND DESCRIBE ONE WAY MEMBERS OF

CONGRESS VOTE ON LEGISLATION

PARTY POLARIZATION(AMERICANS ARE LESS SO…really?)

From Sarahpac.org

From Democratic Leadership Committee

http://www-personal.umich.edu/~mejn/election/2008/countymappurpler1024.png

ORGANIZATION OF CONGRESS

LEADERSHIP

WHO’S WHO???WHO’S WHOM??

HOUSE OF REPS.

HOUSE OF REPS.

MR.AKER 1973

SPEAKER JOHN BOEHNER (R-OH)

MAJORITY LEADERERIC CANTOR – (R-VA.)

MINORITY LEADERNANCY PELOSI (D-CA)

SENATEMAJORITY LEADER

HARRY REID (D-NV)

                     

SENATE MINORITY LEADER

MITCH McCONNELL (R-KY)

PRESIDENT “PRO TEMPORE”

PATRICK LEAHY, D.-VT.

ROBERT BYRD “BARBARIC”

““WHIPS”WHIPS”

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF THE PARTY WHIPS?

CAUCUSES

BLUE DOG DEMOCRATS

(MODERATES)

LIBERTY CAUCUS(Libertarian Republicans)

CONGRESSIONAL BLACK CAUCUS

(national constituency)

HOUSE REPUBLICAN

DOCTORS AGAINST THE AFFORDABLE HEALTH CARE ACT

COMMITTEES AND SUBCOMMITTEES

SENIORITY

I’M 125YRS. OLD

SPECIFICALLY, DESCRIBE THE SENIORITY SYSTEM IN CHOOSING CHAIRPERSONS OF THE CONGRESSIONAL

COMMITTEES.

BALANCE-REGIONAL

-IDEOLOGICAL

STANDINGHOUSE 20/84SENATE 20/68

JOINT COMMITTEES

REFERRALS…

MULTIPLE

SEQUENTIAL

CONFERENCE

SELECT COMMITTEES

KEY HOUSE COMMITTEES

RULES

WAYS AND MEANS(TAXES AND ENTITLEMENT

LAWS …$$$$$$$$)

WHY IS THE HOUSE WAYS AND MEANS COMMITTEE

SO IMPORTANT?

KEY SENATE COMMITTEES

ARMED SERVICES

FOREIGN RELATIONS

JUDICIARY

INTELLIGENCE

SUBCOMMITTEES

“MARK UP”

STAFF(cuts in 1990’s)

PRIMARY JOBSERVICE

CONSTITUENTS(HOME AND

D.C.OFFICES)

RESEARCH, WRITE AND ADVOCATE

LEGISLATION

NEGOTIATE WITH OTHER STAFFERS

STAFF AGENCIES

CRS (status)CBO (scoring)

GAO

“I’M JUST A BILL”

“IT’S LIKE MAKING SAUSAGE…”

JOINT RESOLUTION =

LAW

PAGES 312-313

DISCHARGE PETITION

(218)

WHAT IS A DISCHARGE PETITION?

OPEN VS. CLOSED RULES

RIDERS (amendments)

CHRISTMAS TREE BILL

PORK BARREL LEGISLATION

FILIBUSTER AND CLOTURE(51/60)

RULE 22

DOUBLE TRACKING

WHAT IS “DOUBLE TRACKING?”

LOGROLLING“you kiss my…..”

VOTING METHODS

PRESIDENTIAL OPTIONS

                                                                                           

                                                                          

SIGN IT…

VETO MESSAGE(2/3 OVERRIDE)

SIT FOR 10 DAYS…

POCKET VETO(less than 10 days…)

IDENTIFY TWO OF THE FOUR OPTIONS THE

PRESIDENT HAS WHEN HE RECEIVES A PASSED BILL

FROM CONGRESS?

SUPREME COURT“JUDICIAL REVIEW”