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Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan Dempsey, VP OCLC

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Page 1: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services

2nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009Lorcan Dempsey, VP OCLC

Page 2: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Dave225 4:00am thought about conference keynotes - if you get more than a few nuggets of wisdom from a keynote, you need to read more.7:13 AM May 27th from web    

Dave225 @lorcanD … My 4am point was that a keynote can only speak broadly & can rarely connect to your needs11:38 AM May 27th from TwitterFox

Page 3: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Prelude:

normal

if unevenly distributed

Page 4: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

http://www.annelyjudafineart.co.uk/

Page 5: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Presidential election 08/09

Brownpau. http://www.flickr.com/photos/brownpau/2788253333/

Page 6: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

American IdolVoting participation

Page 7: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan
Page 8: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Acquired by Amazon“We are an image recognition based mobile marketing company. Our Snap.Send.Get™ solution converts any image into a 100% opt-in interactive mobile ad”

Page 9: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan
Page 10: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan
Page 11: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

http://www.freshlymobile.com/uw-mobile-usage-statistics/UW%20Mobile%20Stats-Details/David Morton, U Washington

Page 12: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan
Page 13: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan
Page 14: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan
Page 15: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Three related thoughts

1. Expectations

2. Consumer switchGreater investment and innovation in

consumer/retail space than in education/work space.

Gmail?PLE?

3. Workflow switchYou need to fit into my workflow. I won’t

fit into yours.

Page 16: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Mobile communications is more about communications than

about mobility

Page 17: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan
Page 18: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Diffusion of communications andcomputational capacity into a growing part of our research, learning and social lives.

Page 19: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan
Page 20: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Mobile communications more widely adopted more quickly than any other technology.Manuel Castells

Page 21: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Generations …

Youth culture that finds in mobile communications an adequate form of expression and reinforcement …

There is a clear correspondence between the emergence of a global youth culture, the networking of social relationships, and the connectivity potential provided by wireless communications …Manuel Castells et al

Page 22: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Safe autonomy: management of autonomy and security

Changed pattern of sociability: selective construction of peer groupssupported by accessibility and micro-coordination

Collective and individual identityHigh value associated with consumption, fashion, …

Games and entertainmentBased on Castells et al

Page 23: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Networks 1

Clouds and crowds

Concentration and diffusion

Page 24: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Mesh

Multiple connection points

Offer different grades of experience (the desktop, cell phone, xBox or Wii, GPS system,

smartphone, netbook, …).

Optimized for different purposes.

Page 25: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Cloud

Move to the cloud a natural accompaniment of a mesh of connection points.

Available on the network across multiple devices and environments.

Page 26: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Concentration – network level

Page 27: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Diffusion - workflow

Page 28: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

This means that an exclusive focus on the institutional Web site as the

primary delivery mechanism and the browser as the primary consumption environment is increasingly partial.

Page 29: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

BBC

From a conceptual point of view, the widgetization adopted by Facebook, iGoogle and netvibes weighed strongly on our initial thinking. We wanted to build the foundation and DNA of the new site in line with the ongoing trend and evolution of the Internet towards dynamically generated and syndicable content through technologies like RSS, atom and xml. This trend essentially abstracts the content from its presentation and distribution, atomizing content into a feed-based universe. Browsers, devices, etc therefore become lenses through which this content can be collected, tailored and consumed by the audience. [BBC Internet Blog]

Page 30: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

American Idol

‘Consumable’ siteDownloadsGamesVideos

Voting participation

Community

Links to youtube, iTunes etc

Page 31: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Features

Atomization• Snippets, ringtones, tags,

ratings, feeds, abstracts, …

Action-oriented • Find out• Get - Pay• Vote – rank, relate,

recommend• Share - with selective social

networkAttention• Rank, relate, recommend• Specialized (course)• Get to relevance quickly• At point of need• Location aware

Aggregate

• Use other platforms as appropriate

Page 32: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Networks 2

Change how we coordinate ourresources to achieve goals.

Page 33: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Incremental social synchronization: micro-coordination

But they’re really nice! OK .. See you there at 3 …

On demand space: the example of Starbucks Ad hoc rendezvous

Page 34: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Timeshifting

Bristol University survey:More video on networkhttp://ancientgeeks.wordpress.com/2007/03/30/what-do-students-use-the-internet-for/#more-8

Page 35: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Space

The fact that people are no longer tied to specific places for functions such as studying or learning, says Mr. Mitchell, means there is a ‘huge drop in demand for traditional, private, enclosed spaces’ such as offices or classrooms, and simultaneously ‘a huge rise in demand for semi-public spaces that can be informally appropriated to ad hoc workspaces’.

In the 20th Century architecture was about specialized structures – offices for working, cafeterias for eating, and so forth.

William Mitchell, Economist, Apr 10th 2008

http://www.economist.com/specialreports/displaystory.cfm?story_id=10950463 (pay wall)

Page 36: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

zipcarZipcar’s available vehicles report their positions to a control centre so that members of the scheme can find nearby vehicles through a web or phone interface. Cars are unlocked by holding a card, containing a wireless chip, up against the windscreen. Integrating cars and back-office systems via wireless links allows Zipcar to repackage cars as a flexible transport service. Each vehicle operated by Zipcar is equivalent to taking 20 cars off the road, says Mr Griffith, and an average Zipcar member saves more than $5,000 dollars a year compared with owning a car.

“Connected cars”, which sport links to navigation satellites and communications networks—and, before long, directly to other vehicles—could transform driving, preventing motorists from getting lost, stuck in traffic or involved in accidents. And connectivity can improve entertainment and productivity for both driver and passengers… There is also scope for new business models built around connected cars, from dynamic insurance and road pricing to car pooling and location-based advertising. “We can stop looking ata car as one system,” says Rahul Mangharam, an engineer at the University of Pennsylvania, “and look at it as a node in a network.”

Connected cars

Economist June 6-12 2009

http://www.economist.com/displaystory.cfm?story_id=13725743

Page 37: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Fragmentation

• Behaviors– Residents and visitors

• Grades of experience– Phone, Desktop, …

• Preferred communication channels– FB, Twitter, Texting, email, ….

For residents and visitors see Dave White http://tallblog.conted.ox.ac.uk/index.php/2008/07/23/not-natives-immigrants-but-visitors-residents/

Page 38: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Libraries

Page 39: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

• Then: vertically integrated around collection

• Now: moving apart in network environment

Space Expertise

CollectionsSystems and services

Page 40: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

SpaceInfrastructure <> customer relations

• Opportunity cost • Changes in social and academic aspects of learning require space.

Connaway et al: data from an ongoing study of Virtual Reference Servicesindicate that even where people are physically in the library they mayprefer to use chat reference than seek out a f2f encounter. Personal communication from Lynn Silipigni Connaway (29 July 2008) based on unpublished analysis of telephone interviews in the Seeking synchronicity: Evaluating virtual reference services from user, non–user, and librarian perspectives project, athttp://www.oclc.org/research/projects/synchronicity/default.htm.

Value

Page 41: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

• Higher value activity– Access to scarce resources –

people, equipment, specialist advice, exhibition, …

– Cognate activities – GIS, reading, ..

• Open?• Ad hoc rendezvous• Manage academic and

social aspects of learning

Gleason Lib, U Rochester, S Gibbons

Page 42: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

People: a signed network presence

The challenge for libraries is to make themselves invisible, by delivering services into user workflows in network environments.

Libraries must also demonstrate value in the context of growing competition for resources. This suggests that it is important for the library itself, its people, to become more visible .

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Page 44: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

• Marketing and assessment• Physical presence and engagement• Interact with research and learning practices• Available when the work is happening– 2 am?

• A ‘signed’ network presence

Page 45: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Case Western Reserve U

Indiana UU Washington

Page 46: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Collections, systems and services

Mobilize into workflow

Add community

What is the record?

Page 47: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Collections

Licensed• Commoditization of journal

literature – get what you want from 3 or 4 suppliers?

Books• Increasing digital availability

– Amazon, Google, …

Institutional outputs• Video, podcast, …• Digitized materials, …• Location: institution,

network level

Personal• Photos, presentations,

coursework, …• Institutional responsibility?

Page 48: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Books in 20 years?Mike Shatzkin

• Publishers: connect databases to networks

• Publishers: understand communities of content consumers

• Publishing skills applied to aggregations – niche or nugget

• All in the cloud. Tethered.• Subscription models common;

per-item sales relatively rare• Crowd-sourced content;

crowd-sourced editing and curation; tagging organizing

• Multiple reading devices• POD

http://www.idealog.com/stay-ahead-of-the-shift-what-publishers-can-do-to-flourish-in-a-community-centric-web-world

Page 49: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Services and systems

Reconfigure

Enhance

Page 50: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Mobilize existing services

• Reference/enquiry• Collections to go

(on a drive etc)• Presentations/visibility

(videos and podcasts about library activity)

• Alerting/current awareness

• Mobile sites• Communications and

referral• Booking

(rooms, equipment, …)• Syndication

(FB, Twitter, RSS, widgets, toolbars, …)

Page 51: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Some systemic service issues

• Socializing• Personalizing• Specialising • Atomizing

• Licenses• Management• Scale

Reading avoidance: Carole PalmerPpt: http://www.oclc.org/programsandresearch/dss/ppt/dss_palmer.ppt

Page 52: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Attention

Scale

Specialist

Consumer environment

Library Network services

ProcessingStoragePreservationReplication

DiscoverySocial networkingAnalysisVisualization

Prefabricated: LMS, …Composition environments: FB, igoogle, FireFox, ..Bricolage: RSS, …

Cf Tile. http://www.sero.co.uk/jisc-tile.html

Social sitesReading sitesCommunityDigital assets

Aggregations

Page 53: Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services 2 nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009 Lorcan

Thank you

http://orweblog.oclc.org

http://www.twitter.com/lorcand